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List of abreviations and acronyms 2C-B 4-MTA AIAR AIDS AIHW BMK BO BZK BZP CAN CAS (CBS) CEDRO CIV CJIB CMR COPD COR CPA CSV CVA CVS DBC DHD DIMS DIS DJI DMS dNRI/O&A DOB DSM EHBO EMCDDA ESPAD EU 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine 4-methylthioamphetamine Amsterdam Institute for Addiction Research Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Australian Institute of Health and Welfare Benzyl-methyl-keton Primary Education Ministry of the Interior (and Kingdom Relations) Benzylpiperazine Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs Canadian Addiction Survey Statistics Netherlands Centre for Drugs Research Central Information Centre for Football Hooliganism Central Fine Collection Agency Central Methadone Registration Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Continuous Research on Smoking Habits Ambulance Transport Centre Criminal Consortium Cerebral Vascular Accident (stroke) Patient Monitoring System Diagnosis-Treatment Combination Dutch Hospital Data Drugs Information and Monitoring system DBC Information system Custodial Institutions Service / Correctional Institutions Service (juveniles) Drug Monitoring System Research and Analysis Group of the National Criminal Intelligence Service of the National Police Agency 2,5-dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine Diagnostic and Statistical Manual First Aid European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (In Dutch EWDD) European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs European Union List of abreviations and acronyms 11
EWDD European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (inEn glish: EMCDDA) FPD Forensic Psychiatric Service GGD Municipal Health Service GG&GD Community Health Service GGZ Netherlands Association for Mental Health Care GHB Gamma hydroxybutyric acid HAART Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Treatment HAVO General secondary education HBSC Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (study) HBV Hepatitis B virus HCV Hepatitis C virus HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HKS Police Records System ICD International Classification of Diseases IDG Intravenous Drug User IGZ (Public) Health Care Inspectorate ISD Institution for Prolific Offenders IVO Addiction Research Institute (Rotterdam) IVZ Organization of Care Information Systems KLPD National Police Agency KMar Royal Military Police LADIS National Alcohol and Drugs Information System LIS Injury Information System LMR National Medical Registration LOM School for children with learning and educational difficulties LSD d-Lysergic-acid-diethylamide LUMC Leiden University Medical Center Lwoo learning support education LZI National Hospital Care Information MBDB N-methyl-1-(3,4-methyleen-dioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine mCPP meta-Chlor-Phenyl-Piperazine MDA Methyleen-dioxyamphetamine MDEA Methyleen-dioxyethylamphetamine MDMA 3,4-methyleen-dioxymethamphetamine MGC Monitor of Organised Crime MLK School for children with learning difficulties MMO Social Inclusion Monitor MO/VB region Region for Social Inclusion and Addiction Policy MSM Men who have sex with men NDM National Drug Monitor 12 Netherlands National Drug Monitor - NDM Annual Report 2009
Page 1 and 2: Netherlands National Drug Monitor N
Page 3 and 4: Colophon Project Manager Dr. M.W. v
Page 6: Preface This is already the tenth A
Page 9 and 10: 5.4 Problem Use 113 5.5 Usage: Inte
Page 14 and 15: NEMESIS NFU NIGZ NMG NPO NRI NVIC N
Page 16 and 17: Summary Below is an outline of the
Page 18 and 19: The number of hospital admissions c
Page 20 and 21: GHB. In 2008/2009 4.6 percent of fr
Page 22 and 23: Deaths In the Netherlands, smoking
Page 24 and 25: Offences by drug users Drug users c
Page 26 and 27: Opiates Ecstasy Amphetamine Alcohol
Page 28 and 29: 1 Introduction The National Drug Mo
Page 30 and 31: use, particularly cannabis, under-r
Page 32 and 33: information is available, this is b
Page 34 and 35: 2 Cannabis Cannabis (Cannabis Sativ
Page 36 and 37: Figure 2.1 Cannabis users in the Ne
Page 38 and 39: Figure 2.2 Cannabis use among secon
Page 40 and 41: Cannabis and problem behaviour •
Page 42 and 43: Table 2.4 Cannabis use among pupils
Page 44 and 45: Table 2.5 Current cannabis use in s
Page 46 and 47: • The sharp increase in treatment
Page 48 and 49: Trends It is difficult to determine
Page 50 and 51: • The role of cannabis in all req
Page 52 and 53: - misuse or dependence on alcohol a
Page 54 and 55: At the Ambulance Transport Centre (
Page 56 and 57: • So far, epidemiological studies
Page 58 and 59: Quality and price The Trimbos Insti
Page 60 and 61: 3 Cocaine Cocaine works as a stimul
Page 62 and 63:
Age, gender and urbanisation level
Page 64 and 65:
Special groups In certain groups of
Page 66 and 67:
Table 3.3 Cocaine use in special gr
Page 68 and 69:
and 7.7% in the U.K (England and Wa
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Table 3.5 Cocaine use among school-
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Figure 3.2 Number of (outpatient) a
Page 74 and 75:
Figure 3.4 Admissions to general ho
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The Netherlands Cause-of-Death stat
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• Little is known as yet about a
Page 81 and 82:
4.2 Usage: general population Heroi
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• In the province of Gelderland,
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Figure 4.1 Estimates of the number
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and syringes exchanged has been reg
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• Between 2001 and 2004 the numbe
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- misuse of or dependence on alcoho
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same time it should be noted that t
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International comparison The Europe
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The total number of chronic hepatit
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• It is thought that risk behavio
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the ICD-9 classification. Drug deat
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Amsterdam GGD Amsterdam reports the
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Figure 4.9 Number of drug-induced d
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• Pupils attending REC-4 schools
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5.3 Usage: juveniles and young adul
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• In 2008, key observers in Amste
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Table 5.3 Use of Ecstasy and amphet
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Table 5.4a Use of amphetamines and
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Table 5.5a Ecstasy use among school
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Ecstasy • The number of (outpatie
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Figure 5.3 Numbers registered with
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• The same person may be admitted
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• The number of requests for info
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According to the EMCDDA, in other E
Page 129 and 130:
Figure 5.6 Concentration of MDMA in
Page 131 and 132:
Table 5.9 Number of samples contain
Page 133 and 134:
• Consumers who had drug samples
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6.2 Usage: general population The r
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GHB use is more common among juveni
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• GHB use among school-goers is l
Page 141 and 142:
Table 6.4 GHB incidents registered
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• Of the liquid samples sold as G
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• Total deaths from alcohol-relat
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Figure 7.1 Alcohol consumption amon
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Ethnic background • Among seconda
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Table 7.3 Percentage of current dri
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Table 7.4 Alcohol use in the social
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Holiday-makers • Research conduct
Page 157 and 158:
Figure 7.3 Heavy drinkers by gender
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The countries with the lowest perce
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• In France it is more likely tha
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Figure 7.6 Age distribution of prim
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• In 2008, 337 day-care admission
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• In approximately 1,200 admissio
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Table 7.9 Estimated number of injur
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• On the basis of current researc
Page 173 and 174:
Figure 7.10 Deaths from alcohol use
Page 175 and 176:
• EU member states have different
Page 177 and 178:
• Surveys by the Continuous Surve
Page 179 and 180:
Figure 8.1 Percentage of smokers in
Page 181 and 182:
8.3 Usage: juveniles and young adul
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Special education Table 8.3 shows t
Page 185 and 186:
Table 8.4 Smokers in the EU-15 plus
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medication, Champix ® , which was
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among passive smoking men, the elev
Page 191 and 192:
Table 8.6 Deaths from lung cancer a
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Since 1 January 2003 it is no longe
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Table 8.8 Cigarette prices and taxe
Page 197 and 198:
eported. These refer to 2007 in the
Page 199 and 200:
Table 9.1 Criminal investigations i
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Table 9.2 Number of dismantled prod
Page 203 and 204:
Table 9.3 Characteristics of suspec
Page 205 and 206:
Figure 9.2 Number of Opium Act case
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Table 9.5 Opium Act cases as a perc
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Disposals by the courts (in the fir
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• Financial orders (Public Prosec
Page 213 and 214:
Table 9.9 Prevalence of new crimina
Page 215 and 216:
10.2 Drug use among offenders Drug-
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• In some two-thirds of cases opi
Page 219 and 220:
I, II Table 10.2 Number of times th
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• The ISD has a capacity of 1,000
Page 223 and 224:
• Although there are some female
Page 225 and 226:
Clinical admission Admission to a h
Page 227 and 228:
Mellow Type of music at raves that
Page 229 and 230:
Secondary diagnosis A secondary or
Page 231 and 232:
Dismissal on policy grounds Decisio
Page 233 and 234:
eintegration and rehabilitation of
Page 235 and 236:
I. Use and problem use Source Targe
Page 237 and 238:
II. Treatment demand and treatment
Page 239 and 240:
IV. Market information Source Targe
Page 241 and 242:
Source Target group/subject Sources
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Appendix C Explanation of ICD-9 and
Page 246 and 247:
Appendix D Websites in the area of
Page 248 and 249:
Ministry for Health, Welfare and Sp
Page 250:
Appendix E Drug use in a number of
Page 254 and 255:
References Adlaf, E.M., Korf, D.J.,
Page 256 and 257:
Coumans, A.M. (2005). Survival on t
Page 258 and 259:
Ganpat, S., Wits, E., Schoenmakers,
Page 260 and 261:
Knibbe, R.A., Joosten, J., Derickx,
Page 262 and 263:
Monshouwer, K., Smit, F., De Graaf,
Page 264 and 265:
Rigter, H., Van Laar, M. (2002). Ep
Page 266 and 267:
Tweede Kamer der Staten-Generaal (2
Page 268 and 269:
Van Leeuwen, F.E. (1999). Epidemiol
Page 270:
In the Netherlands various monitori
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