Netherlands National Drug Monitor - Research and Documentation ...

Table 3.5 Cocaine use among school-goers aged 15 and 16 in a number of EU member states,
Norway, Switzerland and the US I . Survey years 1999, 2003 and 2007
Country 1999 2003 2007
Ever use Ever use Recent use Ever use
United States I 8% 5% 3% 5%
United Kingdom 3% 4% 3% 5%
Italy 2% 4% 3% 5%
France 2% 3% - 5%
Spain II - 6% 5% 4%
Ireland 2% 3% 1% 4%
Belgium - 3% 1% 4%
The Netherlands 3% 3% 1% 3%
Denmark II 1% 2% 2% 3%
Germany III - 2% 2% 3%
Switzerland - 1% 0% 3%
Portugal 1% 3% 2% 2%
Sweden 1% 1% 0% 2%
Greece 1% 1% 1% 1%
Norway 1% 1% 1% 1%
Finland 1% 0% 0% 1%
Percentage of ever users and (2003) in the past year (recent). I. - = not measured. I The US did not
participate in the ESPAD, but conducted comparable research. II The data for Denmark and Spain are less
representative. III Six of sixteen federal German states Source: ESPAD.
3.6 Treatment demand
Outpatient Addiction Care
The National Alcohol and Drugs Information System (LADIS) registers the number of
people who seek treatment from the (outpatient) addiction care services, which include
the addiction probation and aftercare service and addiction clinics that are merged
with the outpatient addiction care services (Ouwehand et al., 2009; IVZ, 2009). (See
appendix A: LADIS clients).
• The number of clients with cocaine as a primary problem quadrupled between 1994
and 2004. Between 2004 and 2006 a small drop was registered for the first time,
which did not persist into 2007; however, between 2007 and 2008 there was a fresh
drop of three percent (figure 3.2).
• Per 100 000 inhabitants aged 15 and older, the number of primary cocaine clients
rose from 20 in 1994 to 76 in 2004, fluctuating thereafter between 72 and 74.
3 Cocaine
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