Mrs. K. Sree Latha Research Scholar Department <strong>of</strong> Zwlogy Kanchl Marnun~var Centre For Post Graduate Stud~es Lawspet. Puducherry-605008 DECLARATION I hereby declare that <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>sis entitled "The Impact <strong>of</strong> <strong>latex</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>plant</strong> <strong>extract</strong> <strong>of</strong> Calotropis gigantea(L.)R.Br. on Anabas testudineus(Bloch) <strong>and</strong> <strong>recovery</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>latex</strong> <strong>toxicity</strong> with additive nutrients" is <strong>the</strong> result <strong>of</strong> a study originally carried out by me under <strong>the</strong> guidance <strong>and</strong> supervision <strong>of</strong> Dr. K. Ramudu, Lecturer in Zoology, Tagore Arts College, Lawspet, Puducherry -605008. This work has not been submitted earlier in full or in part for any diploma or degree in this or any o<strong>the</strong>r university. I also declare that no part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>sis is a reproduction from any o<strong>the</strong>r source, published or unpublished without acknowledgement, Station: Puducherry, Date.15.3.07 k-. Lg+Ab= (K. Sree ~a
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1 eprers y dup sense <strong>of</strong>flatid to my K~qeardi Superviror Dr. Tadem Gmudu. M.~c.,PhD.,SeniorLecturer, Department <strong>of</strong> Zoo&, 7agorc Arts Coilege, Lawspet, r~uducherry, for h vaLabkguidance, incpiritg advice <strong>and</strong>constant enrouryement tfzrougibut I &ti to thn(Dr.T.Uma ,I&-Directod,jor pennittiy me to registerfor my ~ h.9.~ my sincere thudis to Dr.Ba[(I fali&,(~Direct<strong>of</strong>l <strong>and</strong>Dr. V. BaMramanian, pprent Director, XaCnnd;' Mamunivar Centerfor Post Graduate Studies, fuwspet, Fududieny ,for thir emuragement <strong>and</strong>support. 1 owe my ptitude <strong>and</strong> simre that& to Dr.yV.Lu, $ientist-T <strong>and</strong> Dr.5.xam xnihna, Scientist-E., Dept. <strong>of</strong> NaturalPoducts <strong>and</strong> Phharmacoiogy, Mr.~acnb Vemn, IICT- Hyderabad <strong>and</strong> Dr.C.Sures/, Scientkt, Dept. oj Bwdamisty, N1g-Hyderabadfor thir mynanimous support <strong>and</strong>vafuabh suagulions tfiroylhou t y course. 1 am pent4 idbted to fir<strong>of</strong>.Nataraja,(Xetd , %<strong>of</strong> .A%hi.Zlagovan(xetd ,Pr<strong>of</strong> Mrs. .Tnpura Sundan(Ketri) ,Pro$'Drd.Passopathy, Head; Department <strong>of</strong> Zuohyy, Dr./dna&n, Vrd.Guidigh, Dr.5.Xumaran, Dr.Ka(pvi Chndrane, Dr.G.Xric/rna Moorthy, Dr.S.~+La(shmi mCF(iS, Pr<strong>of</strong>. $ Xarunanih, A0.V Zooh~y, Mrs. $.Lafitha Kumari Amm, Mr. M. Firummhne, <strong>and</strong> Mrs.Ma&rvizhi, Dept <strong>of</strong> Zaob~y, 73.C <strong>and</strong> DrA.Tragll~am, Vr.V.Kamasamy., Vept. <strong>of</strong> 2btan$,m@GS H0.D Botay, Mr. D. Rajarajan, Dr. I: Gaman, Dr. <strong>and</strong> Trr<strong>of</strong>. 2! .layacJinndran, Xajendiran, Dr. 2! 3&mnresan Depamnmt <strong>of</strong> Botay, I3.C for Air constant keie[p, prodig a[l dePurtmentaf ditk, uafira61 guid~nce <strong>and</strong>fnritfuf dicclrrrion ttirougibut y research work uhkh ha* peat &a[ inaviy shpe to t/wis wort. hbcd a 1 &ti to than( Pr<strong>of</strong>.Vr.$aui Shanker Pista ,!Vcad ,Department <strong>of</strong> Fisheries., R<strong>of</strong>.Dr.5Vp~a $uju, Deportment <strong>of</strong> Pysiology, Osmania Uniwrsiy, Hyderabad <strong>and</strong> llie Director, Centre for Advanced Studies, Annamahi University, l'araypettai., for <strong>the</strong>ir he4 <strong>and</strong>moperalion duriy y eperimcntaf work I am akogratefulto Dr.Venu Gopal Dinctor, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> %dinua[pf+-rs , WE, Xabnada for &ir va~uableguidanu <strong>and</strong>pennitlitg me for literature milction
- Page 1 and 2: IMPACT OF LATEX AND PLANT EXTRACT O
- Page 3: Dr. KADEM RAMUDU ~ecturer in Zoolog
- Page 7 and 8: CONTENTS PAGE NO 1. INTRODUCTION 1-
- Page 9 and 10: Table.10 Acid Phosphatase Activity
- Page 11 and 12: Figure.9: Acetyl Cholinesterase Act
- Page 14 and 15: INTRODUCTION The word 'aquaculture'
- Page 16 and 17: world. This indeed is an enviable p
- Page 18 and 19: gills, liver, RBC's, stomach, kidne
- Page 20 and 21: 16 Basd ocimum bar,llc,i,,r Lam,aca
- Page 22 and 23: GUls: In take of the pesticides var
- Page 25 and 26: REVIEW OF LITERATURE Aquatlc an~mal
- Page 27 and 28: younger ones) with fine appressed c
- Page 29 and 30: cytotoxic activity (Smith et aL.199
- Page 31 and 32: abbit, dog,donkey which showed incr
- Page 33 and 34: Bmgllitre of toxaphene produced cha
- Page 35 and 36: carbohydrate and lipids play a majo
- Page 37 and 38: of microridges,shrinkage of blood c
- Page 39 and 40: CHARACTERISTICS OF TOXIC BIOACTIVE
- Page 41 and 42: MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 532.63 USE: AFRIC
- Page 43: MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 587 733 BlOLOGlCA
- Page 46 and 47: Disinfection: All the tanks were di
- Page 48 and 49: in the normal survival of organisms
- Page 50 and 51: I" day (when mortality in higher co
- Page 52 and 53: when surfaced to breathe. The fish
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includes hemoglobin content (Hb), o
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pipette was kept in a horizontal po
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changes in protein as a function of
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Procedure: From the tissue extract
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paper. To the precipitate 1 ml of d
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Principle: Para nitrophenyl Phospha
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Procedure: To the tubes labeled 'te
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Procedure The assay mixture in a fi
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775-800 mg of histidine was dissolv
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3.5 HISTOPATHOLOGY Living organisms
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RESULTS TOXICITY TESTS with Anabas
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Impact on Surfacing behaviour, Dist
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fish;their was an increase in value
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Brain: Significant changes in prote
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Brain : The Acid Phosphatase activi
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fish were significant at P
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Liver : Trend observed in liver was
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ecome irregular while the epithelia
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TABLE-2 : CHARACTERISTIC OF WATER U
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TABLE5 : SAFE CONCENTRATION OF LATE
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able-15 : Effect Of Latex+ Suppleme
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Figure-] : Prohit Mortality Plotted
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LIVER BRAIN GILL LIVER BRAIN GILL L
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ABBREVIATIONS USED IN PLATES ASL BC
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PLATE .A
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PLATE ,I CONTROL TU 1
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CONTROL PLATE. 2
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PLATE .3 CONTROL TU 1
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PLATE .4 CONTROL TU 1
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PLATE .5 CONTROL TU 1
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PLATE .6 CONTROL TU 1
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PLATE .7 CONTROL TII r
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PLATE .8
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PLATE .9 CONTROL TU 1
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eathing fish have a higher LCSO val
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of Calotropis gigantean (Preetha Ku
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decrease in the Hb concentration, e
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Kumar,1998;JosphenePau1ina,2003;Pre
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(Berger et aL, 1983). Depletion of
- Page 151 and 152:
insecticide toxic stress (Koundinya
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Calolropis gigantea, by which the c
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esult in the excessive accumulation
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significant. However, certain amoun
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controlling centre for all function
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cells and development vacuoles are
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1977) and Myslur tengara exposed to
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movements in the treated than in th
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and histopathological parameters in
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REFERENCES Abassi and Sujata Krishn
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Bansal S.K.and Desaiah,D.( 1982) Ch
- Page 175 and 176:
Chowdhary B.P.,Pandy,P.K and Dubey,
- Page 177 and 178:
Di Michele .L and Taylor,M.H (1978)
- Page 179 and 180:
Goldiisher,S. Osser,E. and Novikoff
- Page 181 and 182:
Johanson,D.W.( 1968) Pesticides and
- Page 183 and 184:
Larhsini .M,Markoak.M, Jaouhari.J.T
- Page 185 and 186:
Mukbopadbyay and Dehadrai (1979) Fi
- Page 187 and 188:
Pressman,B.C(1963) 1n:Energy linked
- Page 189 and 190:
Sadhu,D.N(1993)Toxicity of monocil
- Page 191 and 192:
Singh N.N,Das.V.K and Srivsstsva A.
- Page 193 and 194:
Take0.S and Sakanashi .M(1985) Char
- Page 195:
Wedemeyer, G.(1969) Stress induced