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Ma<strong>the</strong>maticians (Ma<strong>the</strong>maticals)<br />

Kennedy, E. S., and David Pingree. The Astrological History of Masha’allah. Cambridge, MA:<br />

Harvard University Press, 1971.<br />

Khayyāt, Yahyá ibn Ghālib. The Judgments of Nativities. Translated from <strong>the</strong> Latin version of John<br />

of Seville by James H. Holden. Tempe, AZ: American Federation of Astrologers, 1988.<br />

Ptolemy. Ptolemy: Tetrabiblos. Translated by F. E. Robbins. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University<br />

Press, 1964.<br />

———. Ptolemy’s Tetrabiblos. Translated by J. M. Ashmand. London: Foulsham & Co., 1917.<br />

Tester, S. J. A History of Western Astrology Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press, 1987.<br />

Thorndike, Lynn. “Albumasar in Sadan.” Isis (1954).<br />

MATHEMATICIANS (MATHEMATICALS)<br />

Prior to <strong>the</strong> advent of modern <strong>astrology</strong> tables and, especially, <strong>the</strong> computer revolution,<br />

extensive ma<strong>the</strong>matical calculations characterized <strong>the</strong> practice of <strong>astrology</strong>. For this<br />

reason, <strong>the</strong> ancients often referred to astrologers as ma<strong>the</strong>maticians or ma<strong>the</strong>maticals.<br />

MATHESIS<br />

Ma<strong>the</strong>sis, asteroid 454 (<strong>the</strong> 454th asteroid to be discovered, on March 28, 1900), is<br />

approximately 88 kilometers in diameter and has an orbital period of 4.3 years. Its<br />

name represents <strong>the</strong> desire for learning and <strong>the</strong> power of knowledge. In a natal chart,<br />

Ma<strong>the</strong>sis’s location by sign and house indicates where and how <strong>the</strong> desire for learning<br />

is most likely to manifest. When afflicted by inharmonious aspects, Ma<strong>the</strong>sis may<br />

show aversion to learning or attraction to unhelpful subjects of learning. If prominent<br />

in a chart (e.g., conjunct <strong>the</strong> Sun or <strong>the</strong> ascendant), it may indicate an exceptionally<br />

studious person, or an individual for whom learning is a major life <strong>the</strong>me.<br />

Sources:<br />

Kowal, Charles T. Asteroids: Their Nature and Utilization. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Ellis<br />

Horwood Limited, 1988.<br />

Room, Adrian. Dictionary of Astronomical Names. London: Routledge, 1988.<br />

Schwartz, Jacob. Asteroid Name Encyclopedia. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications, 1995.<br />

MATRIX ASTROLOGICAL SOFTWARE<br />

Computers were made for <strong>astrology</strong>, although it took some astrologers a little time to<br />

recognize this. Matrix Software, <strong>the</strong> first company to create computer programs and<br />

make <strong>the</strong>m available to <strong>the</strong> general public, was founded by astrologer Michael<br />

Erlewine in 1977 in Ann Arbor, Michigan.<br />

Prior to Matrix, astrologers did <strong>the</strong>ir charts using complex log tables, interpolation<br />

techniques, and a pencil and paper or, at best, a four-function calculator. Some<br />

astrologers even tried to make <strong>the</strong> argument that <strong>the</strong> age-old ritual look-up tables had<br />

some special meaning in <strong>the</strong>mselves and that computers had no soul. This retro attitude<br />

did not last long and astrologers quickly came to love <strong>the</strong>ir computers.<br />

Erlewine began programming on handheld-programmable calculators in <strong>the</strong><br />

early 1970s, in an attempt to research techniques for which <strong>the</strong>re were no tables, such<br />

[432] THE ASTROLOGY BOOK

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