Evaluating the Impact of Continuing Professional Development (CPD)

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Figure 3. Orientations and Benefits of Career-Long Professional Development Planning Orientation of development activity Personal Individual professional (extended development) Professional practitioner (immediate classroom knowledge) Organisational Development Kinds of professional development Underlying view of individual Individual as person Individual as member of wider community of professionals Individual as member of learing and teaching community Individual as member of school community - 31 -
4.2. Effective Continuing Professional Development A key factor in ensuring effective CPD is matching appropriate professional development provision to particular professional needs. This ‘fit’ between the developmental needs of the teacher and the selected activity is critically important in ensuring that there is a positive impact at the school and classroom level (Hopkins and Harris 2001). Where staff development opportunities are poorly conceptualised, insensitive to the concerns of individual participants and make little effort to relate learning experiences to workplace conditions, they make little impact upon teachers or their pupils (Day, 1999). Although there have been claims that CPD needs to be linked to both individual and organisational goals if both individual and organisational change are to be achieved (Jones and Fear 1994) from the perspective of our definition of CPD, it is clear that there will be regular occasions during the life cycle of organisations and at particular times of national reform when these needs will predominate, and times in individual teachers' career development when their needs must prevail. Needs assessment at both these levels is necessary (Day 1991). Guskey (1994) in reviewing research on professional development, highlights the following key considerations in planning effective CPD: 1. Change is both an individual and organisational process. CPD needs to focus on the classroom level, but also needs to ensure that school culture and structures support the CPD effort 2. Plan large-scale change, but do so incrementally to minimise chances of failure 3. Work in teams to help alleviate the fear of change, but make sure that the teams are not too large, as the risk exists that too much time is wasted on meetings rather than action 4. Include procedures for feedback on results, especially information that the new method seems to be working, as change in affective attitudes often follows changes in outcomes that follow from changes in behaviour 5. Provide continuing follow-up, support and pressure, especially during the early phases of implementation when most problems will be encountered. - 32 -
Page 1 and 2: RESEARCH Evaluating the Impact of C
Page 3 and 4: 1. Executive Summary...............
Page 5 and 6: 1. Executive Summary 1.1. Introduct
Page 7 and 8: The fourth phase of the project was
Page 9 and 10: expertise within the school and dir
Page 11 and 12: The interview phase found some enth
Page 13 and 14: • Schools should be supported in
Page 15 and 16: • The current arrangements for ev
Page 17 and 18: 3. Methodology A mixed method appro
Page 19 and 20: 3.1. Literature review The literatu
Page 21 and 22: school size (pupil roll), and demog
Page 23 and 24: 3.3.a. Interview Phase design proce
Page 25 and 26: 4. Literature review 4.1. Introduct
Page 27 and 28: improvement’ (DfEE, p3) and it of
Page 29 and 30: Figure 2. Evaluating CPD at Three L
Page 31: Day (1999) (see Figure 3) although
Page 35 and 36: professional development activities
Page 37 and 38: acquired. Evaluation of this level
Page 39 and 40: data needs to be collected from a v
Page 41 and 42: 5. 5. Questionnaire Findings 3 5.1.
Page 43 and 44: sabbaticals/secondments. Job shadow
Page 45 and 46: projects, school university partner
Page 47 and 48: While ratings of CPD leaders and te
Page 49 and 50: Table 8. Evaluation of different ou
Page 51 and 52: Table 12. Methods used to evaluate
Page 53 and 54: CPD leaders also provided more info
Page 55 and 56: “questionnaires were collated and
Page 57 and 58: Finally, some respondents linked ev
Page 59 and 60: 5.2.a.f Conclusions on evaluation m
Page 61 and 62: Table 19. Methods used to evaluate
Page 63 and 64: ‘Following the course on KS3 stra
Page 65 and 66: 2. Discussion Discussion among coll
Page 67 and 68: CPD experience to subsequent though
Page 69 and 70: Evaluation that was spread over tim
Page 71 and 72: ‘All my responses to the first qu
Page 73 and 74: Table 21. Types of CPD do you provi
Page 75 and 76: Table 22. CPD Providers use of eval
Page 77 and 78: Table 24. CPD providers’ views on
Page 79 and 80: Table 26. CPD providers’ views on
Page 81 and 82: 6. Interview Phase Findings The fin
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exemplifies the point that there wa
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“When I first got the role there
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“We have a number of young teache
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new teaching strategies or introduc
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“Children’s learning - that’s
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workers”. If you don’t offer pe
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To this end, a number of respondent
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value to the work of the school: bu
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Lack of time, however, was highligh
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in with their personal, class/depar
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of chipping away: “Yeah, but what
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Participant Reaction In the intervi
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It is interesting that most respond
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the children’s work reflect that
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One head teacher highlighted the va
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“When you get back to school, so
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7. Route Map Development 7.1. Route
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The Route Map is published here as
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Outcomes of Day Two: The outcomes o
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Use of the materials ranged from in
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7.3.e. Inner Circle Responses There
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The implication of this for schools
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is, through accredited courses, acc
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school outcome, so that evaluation
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School focussed questionnaires duri
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Appendix 2. Respondent and Non Resp
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Appendix 3. Comparison of responden
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Appendix 4. Interview Phase Schools
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Appendix 6. Interview Schedules EVA
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Needs Analysis and Effective CPD Pr
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Head of Department/ Team Leader Rol
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Teacher Provision and Role 1. How w
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CPD Provider Provision and Role 1.
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Appendix 7. Questionnaires CPD Lead
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Section 2: CPD evaluation in practi
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8c. When support from the school fo
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Always Usually Sometimes Rarely Nev
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21. Would you be interested in work
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Teacher Questionnaire EVALUATING TH
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2. When you have participated in CP
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……………………………
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2. Has the effectiveness of CPD act
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13. What is your role within the or
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Preface These materials are intende
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Capacity building in a school must
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Summative evaluation, on the other
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Figure 2: A Range of CPD Activities
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Participant reaction This is the mo
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anch”, or if the usual response t
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Assessment scores are one way of as
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Participant Reaction Immediate eval
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! Consider how current procedures m
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Moving on: Participant Learning Mos
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Organisational support and change I
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Most ticks in the “Enhancing” c
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Moving on: Participant Use of New K
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Pupil learning outcomes Scrutiny of
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Evaluation of the Impact of CPD Eva
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Most ticks in the “Enhancing” c
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superficially very much alike - in
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Appendix 10. Citations Benfield, C.
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Citations for Report Benfield, C. R
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Smith, C. L. (2002). "Using continu
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