Info-brochure - City Twins Association

Project 

City Twins Cooperation Network 

City Twins Network is a project, which aims at developing cooperation between 

twin-cities at outer borders of different countries. Five twin-city pairs joined their 

forces into an EU financed project through the programme Interreg IIIC to develop 

and establish the best practices of how to run a twin-city that is divided by a border. 

The project started in Year 2004 and lasts three years. 

The Components/Fields 

of activities 

� management and coordination 

� general administration, 

city planning and technical issues 

� education, culture, social issues 

� industrial policy, labour and border crossing 

� promotion and dissemination 

The Overall Budget 

The overall budget is 1 510 000 euro s. 

The funding from the Interreg 

IIIC programme is 810 000 euros and national co-financing of the 

partner countries is 450 000 euro s. 

The Russian partners receive 

funding 200 000 euros through EU: Tacis programme with a cofinancing 

of 50 000 euro s. 

The Partner Cities 

Imatra (FIN, Lead Partner) - Svetogorsk (RUS) 

Haparanda (SWE) - Tornio (FIN) 

Görlitz 

(D) - Zgorzelec (PL) 

Frankfurt-Oder (D) - Slubice (PL) 

Narva (EST) - Ivangorod (RUS) 

The Expected Outputs 

� new model of co-operation between administrations 

� development of new initiatives and best practices 

� increasing the role of voluntary organizations in different kinds of 

municipal fields 

� development of common ways to attract more investments 

� development to ease the mobility of labour across the border 

and border crossing in general 

� effective communiacation between partners, dissemination of the 

achieved results 

� building relationships with other city twins 

Mr. Hannu Tsupari 

Project coordinator 

City of Imatra 

Some of us are more like real twin cities than the 

others. For example, Tornio and Haparanda are 

officially two separate towns, Finnish and 

Swedish. When visiting these towns you can hardly 

notice any difference. When I was there for the 

first time, I really did not know whether I was in 

Tornio or in Haparanda. The border crossing went 

so smoothly that I did not notice it at all. These 

towns 

have a common town plan and they are 

going to build a joint center. Little by little the 

physical border loses its significance. 

In Imatra-Svetogorsk or Narva-Ivangorod many 

things are different. The border crossing 

procedure is quite formal and it takes quite a long 

time. You cannot help noticing that when you 

cross the border you leave one country and enter 

the other. Of course, formalities are necessary, 

because they ensure security. We cannot even 

dream about building a joint centre in near 

future. The differences in financial and other 

resources have hindered it so far. 

We can and must cooperate despite physical 

borders. One of the aims of this project is to 

enhance cooperation by lowering any kinds of 

borders. Borders can be physical or mental. As 

regards physical borders, the task is to show 

initiative towards state officials. I think that, for 

example, the visa regulations should treat people 

who cooperate in projects, take part in pupil 

exchange, work in companies, etc. differently 

than, for example, tourists. At present they are 

treated in the same way. A simpler system would 

make cooperation easier and cheaper. Of course, 

1 2 

www.citytwins.net 

Border - a common denominator in 

this project. All city twins are located 

in the border area. A border divides 

us. As a result, we represent different 

nationalities, although we live next to 

each other: Imatra is in Finland, 

Svetogorsk in Russia, Görlitz in 

Germany, Zgorzelec in Poland, etc. 

this affects first of all the Finnish-Russian partners 

in this project. 

As far as mental borders are concerned, we can do 

a lot ourselves. We can change our attitudes 

towards foreigners or things we don't know 

anything about. Parents and schools play an 

important role here, too. In Imatra and 

Svetogorsk we have decided to include a separate 

item in the schools' teaching programme, which 

deals with the cooperation of our towns as city 

twins. 

I hope that in the course of this project we could 

found an association of European bi-national 

cities. The vision and mission of the association 

could be in the following way: 

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" The Association of Bi-National Cities in Europe" 

is a strong lobbyist in Brussels and in other 

capitals. 

ABNCE is recognised as an early bird to show the 

opportunities and threats in all areas of human 

life and culture that may arise between 

different nationalities. 

Europe is a family of many nationalities. 

Different cultures and life-styles that exist 

together is one of the EU`s cornerstones. 

Friction between cultures is a cradle of 

innovations and creativeness. 

Bi-national cities live in the front line and will 

create good paradigms for all members of the 

EU and it's neighbours.

Imatra 

Main Facts 

First written record: 

1948 

City status granted: 

1971 

Population: 

29 700 

City area: 191.6 m² 

Symbols 

Useful information 

www.imatra.fi 

www.ekarjala.fi 

www.ekarjala.fi/ekliitto 

http://travel.imatra.fi 

http://keyeast.imatra.fi 

Historical Facts 

The history of Imatra is closely linked with the River Vuoksi. 

The River Vuoksi was formed some 5000 years ago when water from Lake Saimaa broke 

through the Salpausselkä Ridge. This historical event created the famous Imatrankoski 

Rapids, which are 

Finland's oldest tourist attraction. Through both written word and 

visual art they have contributed hugely to the international recognition of Imatra and, 

indeed, Finland. 

As early as 1772 Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia, came to Imatra to admire the 

Rapids. From this on many Russian aristocratics began to visit Imatra. 

Tourism in Imatra received a further boost in 1903 with the completion by the Rapids of 

Hotel Imatran Valtionhotelli. At its height fourteen trains a day at this time were 

bringing visitors from St.Petersburg to marvel the fury of the Rapids. Dammed in 1929 

when the new hydroelectric power station was built, the rapids can be admired 

throughout the daily summer shows. In addition to the traditional shows, magnificent 

sound and light effects enhance the evening and night shows. 

At the end of 19th century industrial plants began to spring up in the Imatra region. The 

most significant of these were Oy Tornator that was later merged with Enso Gutzeit - 

nowadays Stora Enso Group - and mill of Imatra Steel. 

After the Second World War Imatra became an independent municipality in 1948. 

Imatra was formed partly from Jääski parish, which was divided between Finland and 

Soviet Union. In 1971 Imatra became a town. 

In Imatra there has been an international border crossing point since 2002. 

Nowadays Imatra is a lively industrial border town. Imatra belongs to Southeast 

Finland, which is the biggest forest industry production center in Europe and one of the 

leading centers globally. The significance of tourism, especially from Russia, becomes 

more important all the time. Imatra is very proud of Imatra 

Spa, which is very well known among tourists and visitors. 

Church and religions 

Imatra parish consists of three regions: Tainionkoski, 

Imatrankoski and Vuoksenniska. The parish was established 

in 1949. At present, 27263 people live in Imatra parish. 

Major part of the population in Imatra belongs to the 

Evangelical Lutheran Church. 

Business activities 

Imatra has always been an industrial town. Finnish-Swedish 

Stora Enso is the biggest employer in Imatra (2800 employees) and it is one of the largest pulp and paper mill 

companies in the world. 

The Business Development company "Imatran Seudun 

Kehitysyhtiö" provides the town of 

Imatra and the 

surrounding municipalities with services for entrepreneurs. 

One of its activities is to grant risk loans for start-ups. It 

cooperates with the Business Center in Svetogorsk, which 

was established in spring 2005. 

Imatra shares a common border with Russia and there is an 

international border crossing station in Imatra, too. Goods 

and rawmaterials, especially birch, are imported from Russia 

by railroad as well as by trucks through this border station. 

http://keyeast.imatra.fi 

3 4 

Culture and Tourism 


Tourism in Finland has its roots in Imatra. Imatra is still a very 

popular place to visit, 

especially for the Russian tourists. 

They love to visit Imatra Spa, which is one of the most well 

known places for them in whole Finland. Thanks to the Spa, 

the number of Russian tourists who stay overnight in Finland 

is the second largest. 

In Imatra tourists are enchanted with the nature and quiet. 

Here you can fish salmons in the River Vuoksi or boat on Lake 

Saimaa. You can also admire the rapids' shows and listen to 

the melodies of Jean Sibelius, the great Finnish composer. 

Imatra Big Band festival is the biggest music festival not only 

in Imatra but also in South Carelia. The festival offers the 

listeners the performance of jazz music artists from all over 

the world. 

http://travel.imatra.fi

Svetogorsk 

Main Facts 

Founded: 

1887 

The city of Enso was renamed 

the city of Svetogorsk - 1/13/1949 

The city of Svetogorsk was 

given the status of municipal 

formation - 1995 

Population: 

(1/1/2005) 

Total number - 15 500 

Working aged -8400 

Pensioners -3900 

Children and youth -3200 

City area: 13 km² (city), 

36.54 km² (adjoining 

territories 

in city feature) 

Symbols 


www.svetogorsk.ru 


Until the 16th century, the territory of Svetogorsk was called Pelkola. The name came 

from the manor, the owner of which practiced agriculture. At the end of the 19th 

century the company Enso-Gutzeit bought a territory on the bank of the River Vuoksi, 

including the falls of Raikkola, and started paper and pulp industry. The name Pelkola 

turned into Enso. 

An architect Birger Brunila prepared the first town plan, which featured typical twostoried 

wooden houses for employees and some private residences and cottages for 

engineers on the picturesque bank of the River Vuoksi. 

After the Second World War, Enso became part of the Soviet Union according to the 

peace treaty. In January 1949, the settlement Enso received city status and it was 

renamed Svetogorsk. Svetogorsk became an administrative part of the Vyborg district. 

The reconstruction works of the pulp and paper mill began in 1972 with active 

participation of some Finnish companies, especially "Finn-stroi". The President of 

Finland, Mr Urho Kekkonen, and the Prime Minister of the Soviet Union, Mr Aleksei 

Kosygin put in place the construction's foundation stone. 

Svetogorsk became an independent municipality in 1995. Since then, it has been 

cooperating actively with the town of Imatra. 

Administrative location 

Svetogorsk is a small town, which belongs to the Leningrad oblast. It is located in the 

border zone and shares a common border with Finland. The distance between the 

centre of Svetogorsk and the centre of Imatra is only 7 kilometres. It is only 200 

kilometres from Svetogorsk to Helsinki, the capital of Finland. As Svetogorsk has a 

favourable geographical position, it is an attractive settlement where tourism can be 

developed. An international entry point " Svetogorsk" was opened on the border on 

5.7.2002. It is the only one in Leningrad region, having not only automobile but also a 

railway communication across the border. At present time there is more than 700000 

border crossings in a year. 

Infrastructure 

A cooperation agreement between Imatra and Svetogorsk is 

effective since 1992. The areas for cooperation are: 

development of business activities, cooperation between 

city administrations, improvement of the cooperation 

between voluntary organisations and promotion of research 

activities. The border between Imatra and Svetogorsk is also 

a border between Russia and the European Union. 

Social welfare in Svetogorsk is ensured with the following 

establishments of education and social protection: 

� 3 kindergartens; 

� 3 comprehensive schools (including evening classes) ; 

� music and art schools; 

� the 

centre for additional education of children and young 

people " Djuts"; 

� the 

rehabilitation centre for children and young people 

with limited opportunities " Radost"; 

� the 

centre of social and labour rehabilitation for invalids 

and elderly citizens " Raduga"; 

� t he social-rehabilitation centre for young mothers " Moya 

Semjya"; 

� the 

city hospital. 

In addition, there are the following culture and sports 

establishments: 

� 1 cinema; 

� 2 libraries; 

5 6 

� 

� 

� 

the house of culture (supporting 13 collectives of amateur 

performances); 

the house of sports (educational work and trainings in 

football, volleyball, table tennis, track and field athletics, 

chess and checkers); 

a swimming pool "Delphin" (a big and a small pool). 

Industrial structure 

Pulp-and-paper mill owned by International Paper (2650 

work places 1/1/2005) 

Ltd . "SCA Hugiene Prodakts Russia" 

Svetogorsk bakery 

Svetogorsk dairy factory 

Churches and religion 

Orthodox Church 

Other religious faiths: Baptist, Gospel 

Tourism 


Svetogorsk with its developing infrastructure for tourist 

business has become more interesting also for tourists and 

travellers. 

The town has a well-established network of cafes, where 

visitors can have cheap meals: 

A wide assortment at cafe "Omega" and affable, qualified 

personnel attract plenty of visitors. Cafe "Omega" is located 

at 2A Sportivnaya Street (ph. 40 996). 

Cafe " Svetogorsk" offers an excellent menu. The cafe is 

situated on the first floor of the Hotel Svetogors, built by the 

Finns. The address of cafe "Svetogorsk" 

is 1 Sportivnaya 

Street (ph. 43 878). 

Cafe "Belie Nochi" is always ready to serve permanent and 

new clients. The address of the cafe "White night": 

Svetogorsk, 13A Kirova Street (ph. 43 236). 

Cafe "Novator" attracts visitors with its cosy atmosphere and 

house kitchen. Cafe "Novator" is at 26 Pobeda Street (ph. 45 

378). 

Travel Agency "Falcon". A qualified, client-orientated staff 

serves you always in the best possible way. They help you to 

arrange tourist trips everywhere in the world, book hotel 

rooms, organise trips to every resort in Russia and Leningrad 

region and visits to St.Petersburg, and they offer insurance 

for cars, medical insurance and many other services. " Falcon" 

prepares invitations and visa documents for the Russian and 

foreign citizens. " Falcon" has also a licence to transport 

passengers by bus across the Russian-Finnish border. 

The address of the tourist agency "Falcon": Svetogorsk, 

Garkavogo Street, 2 (2nd floor) ;e-mail: 

falcon@vyborg.ru, 

ph./fax 40 909, 40 302 

Besides traditional tourism, the nostalgic trips to Russian 

Carelia are very popular among the elderly Finnish tourists. 

Since April 2004, it is allowed to cross the border on a bicycle. 

In wintertime, you are allowed to cross the border on 

snowmobiles, too. 

Welcome to Svetogorsk!

Haparanda 

Main Facts 


1645 


1842 

Population: 

(31.12.2004) 

Total number 10 346 

of which 

Swedish citizens 7 569 

Finnish citizens 2 721 

Other nationalities 56 

City area: 1 320 km² 

of which land 918 km² 

Population density: 

11. 6 prs/ km² 

Symbols 


www.haparanda.se 

www.tornio.fi 

www.haparandatornio.com 

On the Border project 

www.pagransen.com 

Picture gallery 

http://infokiosk.haparanda.se 

Haparanda - the gateway to the east and a node in the Barents Region 


Haparanda lies at the apex of the Gulf of Bothnia, at the mouth of River Tornio on the 

Finnish-Swedish border. With its position as a border town and Sweden's easternmost 

community, Haparanda attracts many visitors. It is a modern town with a population of 

just over 10,300. Its location very close to Finland means that a large proportion of the 

population is more or less Finnish-speaking. The average age is lower than Swedish 

national average. Service-based companies dominate the business sector. Until the 

Treaty of Fredrikshamn in 1809, neighbouring Tornio was a Swedish town, and around 

the village of Haparanda across the river lay the pastures for the livestock of Tornio 

farmers. Tornio was a lively northern trading centre and meeting place. When Sweden 

ceded Finland to Russia, the Swedish state decided to build a town on its side of the 

border. That was how the town of Haparanda came into being. Haparanda was granted 

its town charter in 1842.The sense of community between Haparanda and Tornio has 

lasted over the centuries, owing to their common history and culture, and because of 

the cross-border trade. When both Sweden and Finland joined the EU, the last 

obstacles to their union disappeared and the towns could be reunited. Today, they are 

together building an Eurocity, a town segment in the middle of the border between the 

two countries. The construction project has already started, and two local streets are 

being connected. The construction of workplaces in the area is also under planning, for 

example a joint police station, joint commercial centre, housing and park areas. 

Haparanda and Tornio are already cooperating in all the municipal fields of action, 

such as education, technical sector, rescue services, refuse disposal, social services 

and health care, culture, leisure and sports, with several joint teams in various sports. 

Administrative location 

Haparanda lies in the County of Norrbotten. The distance to the administrative centre 

of Luleå is 125 kilometres and to the nation's capital, 

Stockholm, 1,100 kilometres. 


Haparanda is a communications node in the Barents Region, 

and a steady flow of people and goods cross the border. 

Haparanda-Tornio is in fact the busiest border crossing in 

Scandinavia. About 16,000 vehicles a day (12 million people a 

year) cross on the E4 highway between Haparanda and 

Tornio. Haparanda also has Sweden's only permanent railway 

connection with Finland and further eastwards into Russia. A 

large quantity of goods is trans-shipped in Haparanda, since 

the West European rail gauge differs from the East 

European/Finnish gauge. 

Together with Tornio, Haparanda is building a joint town 

centre right on the border. It will have shopping centres, 

workplaces, public amenities, housing and recreation areas. 

The world famous Furniture Store, IKEA will open in 

Haparanda in the autumn of 2006. (www.pagransen.com) 

Haparanda-Tornio have daily coach connections with major 

towns in northern Sweden and Finland. Twice a week an 

express coach departs for Stockholm. Travelling time is about 

15 hours. 

The nearest airport is Tornio-Kemi Airport, 25 kilometres 

from Haparanda. The nearest Swedish airport is Kallax 

outside Luleå, 130 kilometres to the west. 

There are several 

marinas for smaller boats, the nearest 

deepwater harbour, Röyttä, is in Tornio on the Finnish side 

and its seaways are kept open all year round. 

Haparanda has a good broadband network and good data 

communications. 

7 8 


Agriculture and forestry 3.0% 

Manufacturing 13.0% 

Construction 6.0% 

Retail, restaurant, hotel 13.0% 

Transport, post, telephony 7.0% 

Private services, public sector 57.0% 

Other 1.0% 


Lutheran-Evangelical Church. 

Tourism 

Haparanda is a border town which is a major reason for so 

many tourists visiting the town. Here one can experience two 

cultures and three languages. There is no lack of sightseeing 

or activities. 

Haparanda Tourist Information Office: 

GreenLine Welcome Centre 

FIN-95400 Tornio, Finland 

+ 46 (9) 22 120 10 

e-mail: 

info.turism@haparanda.se 

http://infokiosk.haparanda.se 

www.citytwins.net

Tornio 

Main Facts 


1314 


12.05.1621 

Population: 

22 300 

City area: 

total 1 227 km ² , 

of which land 1 183 km² 


19.2 prs/ km² 

Symbols 


www.tornio.fi 

www.haparanda.se 

www.haparandatornio.com 

On the Borderproject 

www.pagransen.com 

Historical facts 

The Tornio of today calls herself " Bridge to the West and a Gate to the north" because of 

its location on the border between Finland and Sweden. The Twin cities of Tornio and 

Haparanda are easily accessible at the gates of Lapland where the mighty and free 

flowing River Tornio meets the northernmost part of the Gulf of Bothnia. 

Tornio is the oldest city in the county of Lapland. King Gustav II Adolf, the Snow-king of 

Sweden-Finland, founded the town in 1621 at a well-established meeting point of 

th 

trade routes. In the 1500 century Tornio was known as the most important trading 

centre in northern Sweden. Salmon and furs from Lapland and other valued goods from 

far north left from the town to world markets. Many well known explorers from 

Europe, such 

as French P-L de Maupertuis, Italian Giuseppe Acerbi, Swedish Anders 

th th 

Skjöldebrandt and British Edward Clark, visited the region in the 15 and 16 century 

on their way to 'Ultima Thule'. Tornio and Haparanda have a shared history that reaches 

far into the past. Until 1809 Tornio was the most important city in the north of Sweden. 

In 1808-1809 there was a war between Sweden and Russia, and Sweden lost the war. 

The border between Russia and Sweden that was set in the Treaty of Hamina in 1809 

split the area into two. Despite the national border, peaceful relations between 

people continued as always, but in many contexts the border was seen as a hindrance 

and a disadvantage. Co-operation between the towns started in the beginning of the 

1970s, and individual projects proved that co-operation was useful for both parties, 

and the troublesome border could offer resources and opportunities. In 1987 the 

cooperation between Tornio and Haparanda was formalized and organized under the 

name 'Provincia Bothniensis Haparanda-Tornio'. It was the start to a new era, and today 

the cross border cooperation between the cities is one of the best examples for all the 

European border regions. The most concrete example of the cooperation is 'On the 

Border' project, which started in 1995 with an architect competition. Today the 

project has resulted a master plan on the border area, and a new common city centre 

for Haparanda-Tornio is under construction. 


Agriculture and forestry 3. 5% 

Trade 8.4% 

Transport, post, telephony 6. 4% 

Public services 2 25 . % 

Manufacturing 43. 7% 

Retail, restaurant, hotel 23 . % 

Private services 77 . % 

Others or unknown 55 . % 


Lutheran-Evangelical Church. 

History, culture and tourism 

of Haparanda-Tornio 

Church of Tornio 

One of the most beautiful wooden churches still in use in 

Finland. The church was completed in 1686 under the 

leadership of Matti Härmä and dedicated to the Swedish 

Queen Eleonora. 

Church of Alatornio 

Completed in 1797. A wooden church was standing on this site 

at a very early date, perhaps as early as 1208 but certainly 

from the early fourteenth century. The present chancel area, 

facing the main entrance, has remained from the fifteenthcentury 

medieval stone church. In bygone centuries this 

church acted as the mother church for a very extensive area. 

Orthodox Church of Tornio 

In 1825 Czar Alexander I made the decision to found and 

construct a military church in Tornio. The present church 

building is from 1884 and it is dedicated to the apostles Peter 

and Paul. It is part of the orthodox parish of Oulu. The church 

is situated in the centre of Tornio near the Finnish customs. 

Church of Haparanda 

'The Pure House' with external covering of copper sheet has 

caused both dissatisfaction and delight. The church was 

constructed in 1963 to replace the burnt down wooden 

church. 

Aine Art Museum 

The collection is from the Aine Visual Arts Foundation, which 

is a collection of Finnish art from the beginning of the 19th 

century up until the present. In addition to its basic 

collection, the museum 

international displays. 

http://www.tornio.fi/aine 

arranges various national and 

Historical Museum of the Tornio River Valley 

Represents the whole area of Tornio River Valley. A visit to the 

museum gives a good overall impression of the history of the 

entire western part of Lapland. Naval cannons found in Tornio 

and an old river boat can be seen in the grounds of the 

museum. 

http://www.tornio.fi/museo 

9 10 

Kukkolaforsen Fishing Museum, mills and bakery 

In the museum you can study how the salmon rises, the 

whitefish spawns, and how the river boats travelled up and 

down the river. 

Kukkolankoski rapids 

The most important natural beauty spot to Tornio and 

Haparanda is situated in Kukkola rapids 15 km north of Tornio 

on the main road 21 and on the main road 99 from Haparanda. 

The free-flowing rapids are an unforgettable experience for 

the visitors. Kukkola rapids are the longest free-flowing 

rapids in Finland with a lenght of 3 500 m and a fall height of 

13,8 meters. As early as the Middle Ages Kukkolankoski was 

famous as a fishing place and even to this day whitefish is 

caught by using the ancient method of long-handle net 

fishing. 

Matkakoski rapids 

Another beautiful site of the river Tornio about 36 km north ot 

the centre of Tornio is Matkakoski rapids. The Matkakoski 

rapids offer excellent fishing opportunities. 

Perämeri National Park 

A group of islands lying far apart from each other are 

characteristic of the Perämeri National Park. The total area 

of the park is 15 700 hectares, of which only 250 hectares is 

land. The waterfront meadows lining the islands are a 

beautiful sight in the middle of the summer. About 60 bird 

species have been found nesting in the park. Both ringed seal 

and grey seal occur in the waters of thePerämeri National 

Park. The Perämeri National Park in Finland and the 

Haparanda Archipelago National Park in Sweden form 

together a recreational site for boating trips, fishermen and 

those who enjoy 

swimming and the sun. 

Arboretum Park 

The botanical observation park is about 3 hectares in size and 

it has over 2 500 different plants and species. An excellent 

teaching and observation area. 

Annual cultural events 

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Pictorial Arts Festival of Tornio Valley 

Kalott Jazz & Blues Festival 

Folk music Festival 

Midnight Sun Golf 90 Holes Marathon Tournament 

Historical fair

Görlitz 

Main Facts 


1071 


by Magdeburger Stadtrecht 

since 1303 

Population: 

60 698 

Area: 

67. 22 km² 


904 prs/km² 

Symbols 


www.goerlitz.de 

Görlitz - a town acquainting itself. 


The Saxon town of Görlitz the easternmost town in Germany, situated in the 

geographical centre of Europe at the 15 degrees of longitude. Görlitz was first 

mentioned in 1071. 

In about 1220 Görlitz developed into 

a town. At the cross-roads of prominent routes 

from west to east and north to south, the city was renowned as a centre of commerce. 

The city has a special flair. 

Buildings and historic monuments - e.g. Schönhof, the oldest Renaissance patrician 

house in 

Germany, and an Art-Deco department store are much admired by guests and 

tourists. The townscape with numerous towers as well as defence edifices is a 

combination of mainly Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque buildings and buildings in the 

architectural styles of art-nouveau and the period of German industrial expansion 

from 1871 onwards.. 

There are more than 3,500 national heritage buildings in Görlitz. Görlitz is becoming 

an epitome of historical city restoration. 

In 1996, Görlitz celebrated its 925th 

anniversary, and in 1997 it was awarded the 

European Medal for promoting the European spirit. 

By joint chamber of municipal councils of Görlitz and Zgorzelec on May 5th 1998, the 

European city Görlitz/Zgorzelec was proclaimed. 

Main cultural events: 

� "Görlitzer Jazztage" - Days of Jazz 

� "Schlesisches Musikfest" - Silesian Music Festival 

� "Tag der offenen Sanierungstür" - Day of Open Doors for 

Redevelopement 

� "Via Thea-Internationales Straßentheaterfestival" - Via 

Thea International Street Theatre Festival 

� "Schlesischer Tippelmarkt" - Silesian " Tippel" market 

� "Tag des offenen Denkmals" - Day of Open Monuments 

� "Görlitzer Christkindelmarkt" - Görlitz Christ the Child's 

Market 

� "Fête de la Musique" 

Business Activities 

Total number of businesses 3,364 

among them: industry 49 

trade 668 

commerce/ restaurants 1,289 

the rest of business 1,558 

Business/industrial areas 

Business area "North/West" 

hectares 

5.65 

Business area "Klingewalde" 

hectares 

7.48 

Business area "Ebersbach" 

hectares 

20.70 

11 12 


Community of premises "Business area 

Görlitz- Markersdorf on Hoterberg" 21.70 hectares 

Community of premises "Industrial 

and business area Hagenwerder" 30.00 hectares 

Commercial transport terminal 

Görlitz- Schlauroth 30.00 hectares 

Industrial and business area 

Görlitz- Ludwigsdorf 40.00 hectares 

Business area 

"On the Motorway" 66.90 hectares 

Churches and religions 

FRAUENKIRCHE (Prot.) 

Roman Catholic HEILIG-KREUZ-KIRCHE 

DREIFALTIGKEITSKIRCHE (Prot.) 

PARISH CHURCH ST. PETER AND PAUL (Prot.) 

NIKOLAICHURCH (Prot.) 

Holy sepulchre HEILIGE GRAB

Zgorzelec 

Main Facts 


1071 year - as Villa Gorelitz 


approximately 1220 year 

Population: 

34 818 

City area: 

16 km² 


2 176 prs/km² 

Symbols 


www.zgorzelec.com 

www.zgorzelec.info 

www.zgorzelec.com.pl 

www.zgorzelec.info-pl 

www.bip.zgorzelec.iap.pl 


Zgorzelec lies in the south-west part of Poland at Nysa Łużycka in Lower Silesia. It is 

situated in the middle of Europe because through the town runs the 15 th 

Meridian. 

Being situated next to the international road A — 4 and in the neighbourhood of 

Germany and Czech Republic contribute to the characteristic traits of the town and its 

economic attraction. 

Zgorzelec was first mentioned in the written sources in 1071 and it was granted city 

rights in 1303. Zgorzelec was essentially magnificent prospering trade city already in 

the Middle Ages. It interrelated two most important trade routes: The Royal Way " Via 

Regia" going from Santiago de Compostela (Spain) to Kiev and the " Amber Route" 

connecting The Adriatic Sea with the Baltic Sea. 

The history of Zgorzelec is connected inseparably with the history of Görlitz, because 

both towns were one town until 1945. In May, 1945 town was relieved by Soviet troops. 

In summer of the same year in Potsdam was decided to annex the eastern right — bank 

part of town to Poland. 

Zgorzelec was awarded " Lower Silesian Success Key" and " Lower Silesian Griffon " . 

These kind of achievements mobilise the local community to take up new tasks and 

even bigger challenges. One of them is to achieve the title and name of European 

Capital of Culture 2010 together with Görlitz. 

International Co-operation 

Owing to its location Zgorzelec has hosted many international meetings and 

initiatives. Results of these meeting and actions are: partnerships agreements and 

participation in an international project (City Twins Project). 

Zgorzelec signed friendship agreement with Naoussa (Greece) in 1998. Thanks to this 

fact the cultural co-operation developed. In 2000 the agreement was signed with Avion 

(France). 

The result of long-term contacts between Zgorzelec and 

Görlitz was a signature of " The Proclamation of Establishing 

the European City of Zgorzelec/ Görlitz" by the town councils 

th 

of the two towns on 5 May, 1998. 

As a result of co-operation, Zgorzelec was awarded the 

European Flag of Honour by the Parliamentary Assembly of 

the Council of Europe and the European Medal of Marit by the 

European Merit Foundation in Luxenbourg in 2004. 

Cultural events 

� 

� Jacob Böhme Days 

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The international Greek songs Festival 

The International Meeting of Musical Families 

Nysa Literature Meeting 

The international Meeting of One-Actor- Theatre " OSTAJA" 

Day of Open Monuments 

Tourism 

The House of Culture — it established in 1898-1902, it was 

built in memory of two emperors: Wilhelm I and Fredric III. 

Nowadays the House of Culture is the cultural centre of 

Zgorzelec. In this monumental building many various 

exhibitions are presented, as well as plays and concert. 

There are also cinema and debating film club " POZA" in the 

House of Culture. Next to the building the amphitheatre is 

situated in a large park complex. 

13 14 

Jacob Böhme House — in this house Jacob Böhme lived and 

created. He became one of outstanding philosophers and 

mystics of the renaissance times. Out his writings drew 

Schelling, Hegel and Nitsche. At present in renovated 

building is situated Museum with display units connected 

with philosopher. 

nd 

The Cemetery of the Soldiers of 2 Army of Polish Armed 

Forces — it is the biggest war cemetery in Poland. There are 

graves of 3423 soldiers. Next to the cemetery is situated 10 

meters high Piast Eagle. 

Stallag VIIIA — it is the camp for prisoners. It established 

nd 

during 2 World War. 


Roman — Catholic Church 

Greek — Catholic Church 

www.citytwins.net

Frankfurt (Oder) 

Main Facts 


12 July 1235 

City status granted: 1253 

Population: 64 656 (31.12.2004) 

City area: 147.61 km² 

Population density: 438 p rs /km² 

Symbols 

Frankfurt's Coat of Arms is a red 

rooster with golden crest and feet. 

It can be derived from the Latin 

word galli, the name for the 

Franks, which is similar to Gallus, 

the Latin word for a cockerel. 


www.frankfurt-oder.de 

www.frankfurt-oder-tourist.de 

www.euv-frankfurt-o.de 

www.euroregion-viadrina.de 

www.icob.de 

www.kleistforum.de 

www.museum-viadrina.de 

www.sport-in-frankfurt.de 

www.messe-frankfurt-o.de 


Since receiving the Town Charter in 1253 Frankfurt (Oder) has had a varied but always 

interesting history. Owing to its favourable site the city has always been a centre for 

trade and development between eastern and western Europe. 

Frankfurt (Oder) is lying amidst a charming landscape at Oder River at the main 

junction of Paris-Berlin-Warsaw-Moscow. 

In the Middle Ages, Frankfurt was the largest and richest town in the Brandenburg 

region. From 1430 to 1525 the town was a member of the Hanseatic League. Even 

today the splendid Town Hall and the St. Marienkirche (St. Mary's Church) - the largest 

brick gothic hall church in northern Germany - are bearing witness to this period of the 

city's history. 

In 1506 the first state university in Brandenburg was founded in Frankfurt (Oder), it 

was one of the largest in Germany. Such famous names as the brothers Humboldt, 

Ulrich von Hutten, Carl Phillipp Emanuel Bach and Thomas Müntzer can be found in the 

early registers. The University "Viadri na" was moved to Breslau in 1811. " The European 

University Viadrina" since 1991 continues the tradition, being the most eastern of the 

universities in Germany. 

Frankfurt has lived through proud times as a hanseatic town, a university town and a 

town where many fairs were held. It survived the 30-Year War just about with only 

2,366 inhabitants. 

The town has witnessed economic ups and downs and nearly did not survive the Second 

World War, because almost the entire center of the town was burned down in spring 

1945. The River Oder was included in the border between Germany and Poland, Slubice 

was founded and a bridge town became a border town. As a result of the enlargement 

of the EU eastwards in May 2004, the small Frankfurt was given its greatest chance: the 

return to its origins. It is becoming a bridge between West and East. 

Frankfurt's most famous poet, Heinrich von Kleist, was born in 1777 near the Oder - 

since 1998 the city bears his name. The Kleist city is home to the world's only Kleist 

Museum and plays host each year to the Kleist Festival Days which successfully 

combine serious and popular cultural events. 

Business activities and opportunities 

of the border region Frankfurt (Oder) 

Frankfurt (Oder) has business activities in a variety of 

Industry Sectors such as: 

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Frankfurt (Oder) offers interesting business Advantages 

such as: 

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Logistics/Distribution 

Microelektronics/Elektronic Assembling 

Information Technology 

Service providers/Call Centres 

Food Processing 

Trade (Export/Import), Cross Border Activities 

Strategic border location with the access to two markets 

(Germany and Poland) 

Excellent infrastructure with close proximity to the high 

tech centres of Berlin and Dresden 

High telecommunication standards 

Highly educated, qualified and often multilingual 

workforce also sourced from the European University 

Viadrina 

Very competitive utility cost (among the lowest in Europe) 

Fully developed, high standard and inexpensive real estate 

for business activities 

Interesting financial support opportunities through 

European and regional grant programs 

15 16 

� 

Top-level commitment and support from different 

organizations and administrations 

� World wide recognized technological know-how of the 

" Institute for High Performance Microelectronics" 

The Investor Centre East Brandenburg is a competent partner 

for proposed investments. www.icob.de. The advantages of 

the border region and Twin location are used in cooperation 

with the "Special Economic Zone Küstrin-S lubice " , aiming to 

create attractive, long-term employment in the region. 


Evangelist Church; Catholic Church; Baptist community; 

Adventist church; Russian Orthodox religious community; 

Jewish religious community. 

Culture 

The Kleist Museum in a fabulous baroque building; the 

Museum of Young Art; the City Museum " Viadrina" in the 

former Squires House; a center for congresses and cultural 

events; a cabaret theatre; a puppet theatre; a concert 

church; the largest basilica in North Germany " St. Mary's 

Church" with their magnificent " picture bible" - colourful 

glass paintings; the Brandenburg State Orchestra, the Choral 

Society with its various choirs, the Orchestra of Frankfurt's 

Friends of Music. 

Main cultural events 

� 

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� 

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� 

� 

German-Polish festival days of music at the Oder in March 

Theatre Festival UNITHEA in June, organised by the 

cultural science students of the Viadrina University 

Hanseatic town festivities " Bunter Hering" in July 

Isle theatre Ziegenwerder in July/August 

Kleist festival in October at the theatre of Frankfurt (the 

Kleist Forum) 

European festival for songs and world music " transVOCALE" 

in Frankfurt (Oder)/Slubice in November 

Tourism 


Frankfurt is located along one of Germany's most beautiful 

rivers. One of the largest campsites in Europe is lying on the 

shores of the crystal clear Lake Helene. 

Frankfurt is situated in the middle of exceptional and largely 

unspoilt nature. The city is an ideal spot from where to set off 

on wonderful day trips. One popular destination for a trip is 

the game park on the outskirts in Rosengarten. This terrain of 

approximately 16 hectares is a home for several animal 

species (e.g. fallow deer, llamas, prairie dogs). 

The tourism association organises trips, and cultural and 

group travels. 

A bicycle station and storage for luggage facilitate the stay in 

Frankfurt (Oder).

Słubice 

Main Facts 


1250 


1945 

Population: 

city - 16 650, district - 19 050 

City area 185. 42 km² 

Population density 90 p rs /km² 

Symbols 


City web portal: 

www.slubice.pl 

contact: 

slubice@slubice.pl 

Special Economic Zone: 

www.kssse.pl 

Collegium Polonicum (university): 

www.cp.edu.pl 

Euroregion Pro Europa Viadrina: 

www.viadrina.org.pl 

City Sport Centre: 

www.osirslubice.pnet.pl 

Border Towns Portal: 

www.forum-miastgranicznych.net 

City Twins project: 



Słubice is a new town. It has been independent since 1945, when Oder River flowing 

through Frankfurt became a border river, and the eastern parts of the German suburb 

called Dammvorstadt was annexed to Poland. Various historical sources say that in the 

area of the present Słubice a Slavic settlement developed in the early Middle Ages. It 

constituted a part of the historical Lubuska Land, which the Piast country lost in 1250 

to Brandenburg. This way the area in question returned to Poland after 

seven centuries 

of existing within the borders of German country. 

Following the changes in the political system in 1990, Słubice started to prosper 

vigorously. After 1 January 1999, when the administrative and economic map of the 

country was changed, Słubice found itself within Lubuskie Province. It is one of 11 

poviat cities and one of its 83 communities. 

The crest of Słubice reminds the Polish-German history of this land. After long 

discussions and examination, it was approved only at the end of 1975. 

Next to an eagle, 

which symbolises Piast roots, there is a Frankfurt rooster. 

Geographical location 

Słubice is a medium town located in the Central Oder River valley, in the Lubuska Land, 

on the border between Poland and Germany. There are three border crossings in the 

whole community. 

Thanks to railway stations the residents have convenient connections not only with the 

centers of Poland, but also with European metropolises: Berlin, Saint Petersburg, 

Moscow. Situation at the international motorway A2, which connect the capital of 

Germany with Moscow, as well as the neighborhood with Germany contributes to the 

economical attractiveness of the city. Here intersect routes Hamburg-Wrocław-Prague and Berlin-Poznań-Warsaw. The Oder River, which in the area of Słubice is navigable, becomes more and more 

important as regards transportation aspect. Slubice has river harbour. The following 

airports service community area: Zielona Góra-Babimost 

(90km) and Berlin Schonefeld in Germany (75km). 


The community of Słubice has The Special Economic Zone, 

which provides an exceptional chance for businesses 

established in the area of the Zone to develop. In the Zone 

operates 22 companies. Moreover in Slubice are located 

companies, which are engaged in international transport and 

logistic. The others domains of local economy are: services, 

building industry, trade, hotels and restaurants. There are 

about 3000 enterprises registered in Słubice 

Most local enterprises cooperate with partners from 

Germany. In Słubice operates incubator of enterprises - WTC 

(World Trade Center) Frankfurt/O-Słubice, first Polish- 

German joint-venture. WTC has objectives: help in Polish- 

German cooperation in the field of economy and support 

Polish-German companies. 


Religions - Christianity 

Church - Roman Catholic 

Culture 

The chief propagator of the cultural life in the city is the 

Community Centre of Słubice, colloquially called SMOK 

(dragon). SMOK organises (in many occasions in cooperation 

with Frankfurt/O) events such as music concerts, local and 

international festivities. SMOK is also the place where many 

17 18 


cultural organisations, foundations and hobby clubs operate. 

Here is the “Window Art Gallery”, which initiates many 

famous international projects. 

Every year a famous common border party held on the border 

bridge takes place. The plan-air event lasting several days 

includes concerts, air shows, fairs and night campfires. 

Furthermore, in Słubice are: Public City Library, University 

Library, Public Music School, and Catholic Students Centre. 

Very important is Collegium Polonicum, a joint Polish- 

German university, where many famous concerts and shows 

are held. 

Moreover the Collegium Polonicum accepted the role of a 

meetings center, where conferences, seminars, exhibitions 

and popular science events in order to improve and 

strengthen Polish-German relations are organized. 

Main cultural events 

� Oder River Holidays - July 

� New-Year Symphonic Concert - January 

� European Days - May 

� Oder River Rafting - July 

� European Music Festival “transVOCALE” - November 

Tourism 

Location on the border decides the city's image. In only some 

years the town has been transformed from a centre of little 

significance into a town, which main income comes from 

servicing tourists and guests from all over Europe. 

Słubice is located in a region offering great natural features. 

It is also a centre from where you can organise trips to the 

town's surroundings - for hunters, anglers, amateur bicyclists 

or amateurs in water sports. The city is surrounded by vast 

woods, which 

local people as well as foreigners, who come 

here to collect mushrooms or organise hunting events and 

festivities, visit. The lakes and rivers offer great possibilities 

for anglers and amateurs of water sports. 

A very important spot is the historic Olympic Stadium, built 

before II World War. Now, after thorough modernisation, it is 

one of the most modern sporting venues in Poland.

Narva 

Main Facts 


1240 


1345 

Population: 

69 314 

Area: 

84.5 km² 


820 prs/km² 

Symbols 


www.narva.ee 

http://tourism.narva.ee 

www.narvamuuseum.ee 

www.investinnarva.ee 

The border town Narva is situated on the border between Estonia and Russia, thus also 

on the border between European Union and Russia. Narva is the third largest town in 

Estonia and its human, industrial and tourist potential makes it attractive for tourists 

and investors. 


Narva is one of the oldest towns in Estonia. More than once has Narva found itself in the 

centre of the events that became crucial in the history of Estonia. The events that take 

place in Narva always trigger a response in Russia and in the Baltic states. In the 

medieval times Narva denoted the historic borderline dividing the two civilizations 

the Catholic European West and the Orthodox Slavic East. The waterway along the 

Narva River was made use of as early as in the times of the Vikings. Later on the surface 

road running through the town en route from Tallinn to Novgorod was used intensively. 

A trade settlement was founded on the road near the river crossing point in the 13 

century, and in 1345 it was granted the status of a town by the Danish King Voldemar IV 

Atterdag. This is how the town of Narva was established. 

Narva has been known as a conventional cosmopolitan trading centre throughout the 

European history. Medieval Narva played an important role in the Baltic trade system 

and was an intermediary in the Russian-European trade relations. Narva has always 

been not only a trading town, but also a military forepost on the border, an urban 

fortress. Throughout its history, Narva has been under the Danish, Swedish, German 

and Russian rule. 

th 

In the 18-19 centuries Narva turned into a powerful industrial centre of Estonia. Built 

near the well-known Narva waterfalls, the Krenholm Manufacture became the largest 

th 

textile mill in Europe at the beginning of the 20 century. During WWII Narva was 

almost completely destroyed, and the town was eventually rebuilt anew after the War. 

Today Narva is one of the most important industrial centres of Estonia. By tradition 

basics of Narva's economics are textile industry, electric power generation and metalworking 

industry. 

th 

May 1, 2004 witnessed a new reference point in the history of 

the town - Narva became a bordertown between the 

European Union and Russia. 


Narva is an important transit point between Russia, Estonia 

and the EU states. The European motorway E20 as well as the 

railway Tallinn - St. Petersburg run through Narva. Both 

routes are used for transportation of the majority of 

imported and exported goods. 

Narva has a railway station, a bus station, open and closed 

bonded warehouses, and a customs terminal for cargo 

vehicles. The closest international airports are located in 

Tallinn (Estonia) and St. Petersburg (Russia). 

Narva has all modern means of communication and a welldeveloped 

banking system. 

Church and religion 

Various religions coexist in modern Narva: Orthodox, 

Lutheran and Catholic. In addition, there are Baptist, 

Adventist, Methodist, Pentecostal confessions as well as 

Jewish Religious Community functioning in the town. 

Culture and leisure 

The advantage of housing a large number of creative and arts 

organizations positions Narva at the centre of the cultural 

life in Ida-Virumaa county. To mention just a few, there is an 

19 20 

Art School, a Music School, a Choir School and Ilmarine 

Theatre that stages plays both for children and adults by 

Russian and Estonian playwrights. 

Main cultural events in Narva 

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International competition of young pianists from the Baltic 

Sea countries dedicated to the work of F. Chopin 

International Festival of Children's Choirs " Crystal Bell" 

International Bikers' Festival " Bike Fest" 

International Jazz Festival " Jazz karr" 

Jevgeni Mravinski International Music Festival 

Theatrical holiday " Narva Days" 

Celebrations of Old Narva Days 

Tourism 


As in the past , Narva remains a melting pot for nations, 

periods and cultures, old and new. This is what makes the 

town so special. The 13th century castle, a beautiful baroque 

Town Hall, the best preserved system of historic defence 

building (bastions) in Europe, Krenholm Manufacture (once 

Europe's largest, and an excellent example of British 

industrial architecture), waterfalls, and much, much more. 

Narva is the easternmost point of the European Union and the 

only location in Estonia that offers an unobstructed view of 

Estonia's neighbour Russia. Narva Castle on one shore of the 

river, and Ivangorod fortress on the other, form a unique 

architectural ensemble. Visitor canchoose from a variety of 

concerts, festivals and open-air shows that take place both in 

the newly-built ice skating stadium and sports centre. 

The most frequently visited touristic places in Narva are 

th 

Narva Castle and Narva Art Gallery, situated in a 13 century 

building. 

Narva Museum, accommodated in the precincts of Narva 

Castle with its expositions and exhibitions, plays a significant 

role in the cultural life of the town. There are some 75 

thousand items stored in the reserves of the Museum. 

Narva Art Gallery is an integral part of the Museum. The 

works of both local artists and painters from Estonia, Russia 

and Western Europe are exhibited there. The Gallery owns a 

real treasure of Narva - a collection of paintings and artefacts 

of the Lavretsovs, a former family of wealthy merchants and 

patrons of art in Narva.

Ivangorod 

Main facts 

First mentioned: 

in 1492, 

at the beginning of 

the fortress construction 


1964 

Population: 

11 200 

Landscape: 

the town is located 

along the river Narova in 

immediate proximity to the 

frontier between Russia and 

Estonia 


14. 5 prs/ km² 

Symbols 


www.ivangorod.ru 


Ivangorod's history starts in 1492 when Tsar Ivan III decided to strengthen and build up 

the western boundary of the Russian state. Thus, a most powerful at that time 11turret 

fortress, covering the area of 45 000 sq. m. was erected on the right bank of the 

river Narova, on Devitchia Gora (Virgin Hill), opposite to Hermeysky (Herman) Castle. 

Under protection of the impressive walls there lived not only soldiers of the garrison, 

but also townspeople: smiths and tanners, potters and founders, merchants, 

fishermen and seamen. 

Military opposition and wars thread their way through the history of the town - the 

Livonian war and the Northern war began at the walls of Ivangorod, the Crimean war 

and the Civil war left their traces, and the Great Patriotic war did not pass by either. 

The boundary position of the town is marked not only by military opposition. At the 

beginning of the XVI century, long before the foundation of Saint-Petersburg, 

Ivangorod became the first Russian port on the Baltic Sea. The so-called " Hanseatic 

Line" - a trading route that connected Russia with Western European countries passed 

through Ivangorod and Narva. Going up by the Narova river it was possible to get to 

Lake Tchoudskoye, and further by the river to the ancient Russian cities of Gdov and 

Pskov; going down the waterway - to the Gulf of Finland, and further along Lake 

Ladoga and by river Volkhov - to Novgorod. 

Rapid industrial development of the town began in the middle of the XIX century - 

construction of water turbines on the Narova rapids and of a flax mill and a cloth 

factory with a dwelling complex for workers called "Parousinka", today a vivid example 

of the industrial and civil architecture of those times. The reason for setting up the 

factories was the energy of the European largest waterfalls on the Narova river that 

with the capacity of 1200 m³ of water from the height of 10 metres every second. 

The factory buildings of brick were erected on the northern outskirts of the town. A 

large park was also founded there by the proprietor of "Parousinka" Baron A. L. 

Shtiglits, the founder of the Russian State Bank and the Arts- 

Production Vocational School (today the school named after 

V.I. Moukhina), the builder of railways in the Russian Empire, 

and into the park he had built Sviato-Troitskaya (Holy Trinity) 

church that houses his family tomb. 

At the end of the XIX century and at the beginning of the XX 

century Ivangorod evolved mainly as an industrial and trading 

town. 

In connection with declaration of independence of Estonia 

and other Baltic states in 1991, Ivangorod became a border 

town again. 

One of the main sights of the historic-architectural complex, 

the heart of the town, is the Ivangorod fortress that 

represents a unique monument of the Russian strategic 

defence architecture in the XV - XVIII centuries. No complex 

similar to the Ivangorod complex (in terms of uniform plan, 

volume of construction, preservation degree) exists in 

Russia. 


There are about 400 registered enterprises in Ivangorod, 

about 100 of them active. There are about 700 self-employed 

businessmen and women. 

Main areas of activity are trade, industry, construction, 

transport, foreign trade. 

21 22 

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