MnrAq

Inventories of emissions of GHGs and other relevant substances 117
2.3.6 Bottom-up air pollutant inventories
Table 63 – Bottom-up SO x emissions estimates (thousand tonnes as SO 2 )
Fleet sector 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
International shipping 10,771 11,041 11,164 9,895 10,851 9,712
Domestic navigation 278 331 202 251 358 268
Fishing 533 521 280 405 423 261
Total bottom-up estimate 11,581 11,892 11,646 10,550 11,632 10,240
Table 64 – Bottom-up NO x emissions estimates (thousand tonnes as NO 2 )
Fleet sector 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
International shipping 19,943 20,759 19,104 16,708 18,047 16,997
Domestic navigation 1,564 1,639 930 1,114 1,323 1,171
Fishing 1,294 1,242 722 935 940 834
Total bottom-up estimate 22,801 23,639 20,756 18,756 20,310 19,002
Table 65 – Bottom-up PM emissions estimates (thousand tonnes)
Fleet sector 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
International shipping 1,493 1,545 1,500 1,332 1,446 1,317
Domestic navigation 51 58 33 41 56 44
Fishing 78 76 41 59 61 41
Total bottom-up estimate 1,622 1,679 1,574 1,432 1,563 1,402
Table 66 – Bottom-up CO emissions estimates (thousand tonnes)
Fleet sector 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
International shipping 823 864 816 763 834 806
Domestic navigation 99 103 60 72 82 76
Fishing 76 72 46 59 58 53
Total bottom-up estimate 998 1,039 921 893 975 936
Table 67 – Bottom-up NMVOC emissions estimates (thousand tonnes)
Fleet sector 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
International shipping 696 727 672 593 643 609
Domestic navigation 76 78 38 51 59 53
Fishing 55 52 28 39 39 35
Total bottom-up estimate 827 858 739 683 741 696
While these global totals differ from primary GHGs in terms of regional distribution, typical substance lifetimes
and air quality impacts, NO x and SO x play indirect roles in tropospheric ozone formation and indirect aerosol
warming at regional scales; moreover, ship emissions of NO x and SO x have been compared with global
anthropogenic emissions.
These totals are slightly greater than reported in the Second IMO GHG Study 2009. The Third IMO GHG Study
2014 estimates multi-year (2007–2012) average annual totals of 11.3 million tonnes and 20.9 million tonnes for
SO x (as SO 2 ) and NO x (as NO 2 ) from all shipping respectively (corresponding to 5.6 million tonnes and 6.3
million tonnes converted to elemental weights for nitrogen and sulphur respectively). A multi-year average
of international shipping results in an annual average estimate of some 10.6 million tonnes and 18.6 million
tonnes of SO x (as SO 2 ) and NO x (as NO 2 ) respectively; this converts to totals of 5.3 million tonnes and
5.6 million tonnes of SO x and NO x respectively (as elemental sulphur and nitrogen respectively). These totals
can be compared with totals reported in AR5 (IPCC, 2013). Global NO x and SO x emissions from all shipping
represent about 15% and 13% of global NO x and SO x from anthropogenic sources respectively; international