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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET,<br />

WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD<br />

STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE<br />

SAFEGUARDS AGAINST<br />

POLLUTION)<br />

PFA Consulting<br />

Stratton Park House<br />

Wanborough Road<br />

Swindon<br />

SN3 4HG<br />

Telephone: 01793 828000<br />

Facsimile: 01793 835500<br />

E-mail: admin@pfaplc.com


VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

DOCUMENT CONTROL<br />

Job No. C582<br />

Name Date Initials<br />

Prepared by G EVES 09.02.2010<br />

Checked by G EVES 09.02.2010<br />

Issue Date Comments Approved<br />

1 09.02.2010 -<br />

This document has been prepared for the exclusive use of the client in connection with the project and unless otherwise agreed in<br />

writing by PFA Consulting, no other party may copy, reproduce, make use of or rely upon the contents of this report other than for<br />

the purposes for which it was originally prepared and provided.<br />

Opinions and information provided in this document have been provided using due care and diligence. It should be noted and is<br />

expressly stated that no independent verification of any information supplied to PFA Consulting has been made.<br />

Warning: This document may contain coloured images which may not print satisfactorily in black and white. It may also contain<br />

images originally created at a size greater than A4 which may not print satisfactorily on small printers. If copying is authorised but<br />

difficulty is incurred in reproducing a paper copy of this document, or a scaled copy is required, please contact PFA Consulting.<br />

Authorisation for reproducing plans based upon Ordnance Survey information cannot be given.<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

G:\Workfiles\C582\REPORTS\C582-DOC01.doc


VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

CONTENTS<br />

PAGE NO.<br />

1. INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................1<br />

2. METHODOLOGY...........................................................................................................2<br />

3. MITIGATION OF CONSTRUCTION EFFECTS.................................................................4<br />

APPENDICES<br />

APPENDIX 1 SITE LOCATION PLAN<br />

APPENDIX 2 POLLUTION PREVENTION GUIDANCE<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

1. INTRODUCTION<br />

Page 1 of 6<br />

1.1. This statement has been prepared by PFA Consulting on behalf of Mr Mather in<br />

support of a planning application for 3 dwellings within the curtilage of Vine<br />

Cottage, Wylye. The proposal includes the demolition of existing structures on<br />

the site and the infilling of a swimming pool. The purpose of this statement is to<br />

provide assurance that water resources will not be put at risk as a consequence<br />

of the construction works – it should therefore be noted that this is not a<br />

Construction <strong>Method</strong> <strong>Statement</strong> for CDM Regulation purposes or other Health<br />

and Safety issues more generally relating to the works.<br />

1.2. The site is located on the southern side of Fore Street in Wylye some 250m<br />

south of the River Wylye river system. A plan showing the location of the site is<br />

contained in Appendix 1.<br />

1.3. The site is identified by the Environment Agency as lying within a “Zone 1”<br />

groundwater protection zone where activities may represent a special risk to<br />

potable water supplies.<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

2. METHODOLOGY<br />

Page 2 of 6<br />

2.1. This <strong>Method</strong> <strong>Statement</strong> covers the effect of the proposed development on<br />

groundwater and nearby watercourses.<br />

2.2. The site is presently a domestic curtilage forming part of Vine Cottage.<br />

2.3. The nearest watercourse (part of the River Wylye System) is some 250m to the<br />

north. The site does not lie within the identified flood plain of this river system.<br />

2.4. The underlying stratum is upper chalk, which is a major aquifer and the<br />

Environment Agency’s groundwater vulnerability mapping indicates that the site<br />

lies at the edge of a “Zone 1” Source Protection Zone and thus may be<br />

particularly susceptible to pollution as a consequence of poor working practices<br />

on the site.<br />

2.5. It should be noted that the Environment Agency’s records indicate a pollution<br />

occurrence nearby in 2008. It is understood that this was the result of a domestic<br />

oil tank leakage and full remediation has now taken place and accordingly has<br />

no impact upon the methodology or recommendations set out in this statement.<br />

Potential Impacts During Demolition and Construction<br />

2.6. Potential construction impacts on surface and groundwater include fuel spills<br />

and spillage of other potentially polluting materials used for construction. Dust<br />

and the spreading of mud on roads by construction vehicles is also a potential<br />

source of pollution which may also affect the operation of any soakaways on the<br />

site serve existing roads and may pollute groundwater.<br />

2.7. Excavation works may create additional paths into the underlying ground which<br />

may allow polluting material to enter the groundwater regime.<br />

2.8. The process of demolition has the potential to release any pollutant fluids which<br />

may be stored within the buildings to be demolished to the ground and, in<br />

particular, the removal of any fuel tanks or heating systems which may contain<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

Page 3 of 6<br />

heating fuel or the removal of any historic (or existing) sewerage system has the<br />

potential to create pollution.<br />

2.9. There are no surface water sewers which discharge to the river system and there<br />

is no watercourse, or pathway, which would allow pollution to flow directly to<br />

the river system. There is therefore little potential pollution risk to discharges to<br />

surface waters, although pollution to groundwater, which may impact on both<br />

groundwater supplies and on watercourses, will require special consideration<br />

given the sensitivity of the area.<br />

2.10. During construction there is also the potential for surface water to run off the site<br />

and result in flooding of adjacent land, carrying pollutants from the site with it.<br />

2.11. There will be a requirement to accommodate the discharge of foul water from<br />

any temporary site accommodation during the construction phase which has the<br />

potential to cause pollution.<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

3. MITIGATION OF CONSTRUCTION EFFECTS<br />

Page 4 of 6<br />

3.1. A fundamental element of all mitigation measures in respect of construction<br />

effects will be both a proper level of supervision of the works, and effective<br />

contingency plans to deal with accidents and/or unforeseen circumstances.<br />

3.2. The principal contractor for the construction works will have overall<br />

responsibility for the supervision of works, and, under the Construction (Design<br />

and Management) Regulations 2007, is required to be competent and to ensure<br />

that all staff are competent.<br />

3.3. Such competency, combined with the specific measures identified below, will<br />

assist in minimising the risk of pollution during construction.<br />

3.4. Prior to any demolition taking place, any potential polluting liquids shall be<br />

drained to sealed containers and removed from the site to an appropriate place<br />

of disposal. In particular, the possibility of encountering central heating fuel and<br />

swimming pool chemicals are particularly identified. In addition, the possibility<br />

of uncovering an unidentified septic tank, cesspit or other foul drainage system<br />

within the curtilage of the property is identified. Any waste matter which is<br />

found within such structures shall be removed by an authorised contractor.<br />

3.5. During construction, temporary measures will be installed to ensure that no<br />

surface water runs off from the site, or gives rise to risk of pollution to<br />

groundwater or the aquifer from pollutants which may be present on the ground.<br />

Such measures may include temporary settlement ponds and cut off bunds.<br />

3.6. It will be necessary for the contractors to adopt the principles set out in the<br />

Environment Agency’s Pollution Prevention Guidelines Nos. 1 (General Guide<br />

to the Prevention of Pollution); 2 (Above Ground Oil Storage Tanks); 5 (Works<br />

and Maintenance in or near water); and 6 (Working at Construction and<br />

Demolition Sites). The principles set out in these documents include the<br />

measures to be adopted if fuel for vehicles and plant is to be stored on site and<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

Page 5 of 6<br />

refuelling facilities provided. Such measures will ensure that the risk of polluting<br />

material being carried into the groundwater or aquifer will be minimised.<br />

(Appendix 2)<br />

3.7. It may also be necessary for the contractor to provide street cleaning facilities to<br />

keep adjacent roads clear of mud, or other material, which may find its way onto<br />

the adjacent highway, and consequently then being carried into the groundwater<br />

or aquifer.<br />

3.8. In order to minimise the creation of additional pathways for surface water into<br />

the aquifer, close supervision of any excavation works should take place.<br />

3.9. Adherence to general Health and Safety legislation will ensure that all site<br />

personnel are adequately trained, that all plant and vehicles are maintained, and<br />

that adequate facilities are available on site so that the risk of accidents, or poor<br />

working practices, which may result in polluting material being deposited on the<br />

ground and thus giving rise to adverse impacts, is minimised.<br />

3.10. Construction control measures shall include contingency plans to deal with<br />

accidents and unforeseen circumstances. These measures will be continually<br />

reviewed and updated as necessary and, where necessary, will be approved by<br />

the Environmental Health Officer. Such plans will include notices with<br />

emergency contact numbers and the provision of basic spillage protection<br />

equipment.<br />

3.11. The Control of Pollution Act, and the penalties of non-compliance with the<br />

requirements of the Act, together with a commitment to the principles of ISO<br />

14001 will maximise the probability of appropriate measures, including those<br />

identified above, being implemented, and minimise the possibility of<br />

appropriate measures not being adopted. Compliance with the appropriate<br />

measures will provide a high degree of protection and minimise the potential for<br />

pollution of groundwater and any consequential impacts.<br />

3.12. Health and Safety requirements, and good site management, will require<br />

appropriate temporary mess and toilet facilities to be provided on site, and<br />

either temporary connections will be made to the existing public foul sewer<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

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VINE COTTAGE, FORE STREET, WYLYE<br />

CONSTRUCTION METHOD STATEMENT (TO DEMONSTRATE SAFEGUARDS AGAINST POLLUTION)<br />

Page 6 of 6<br />

adjacent to the site, or sealed, self contained units will be provided with a<br />

regular emptying schedule. This will ensure that any effects from foul water<br />

during construction will not be significant.<br />

3.13. Provided the above measures are put into practice, the risk of pollution during<br />

construction is considered to be negligible.<br />

FEBRUARY, 2010<br />

G:\Workfiles\C582\REPORTS\C582-DOC01.doc


Appendix 1


Appendix 2


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UPDATE TO PPG 2<br />

Oil Storage Regulations for Scotland, the Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland)<br />

Regulations 2006 1 , were introduced on 1 st April 2006. PPG2 Above ground oil storage is being<br />

updated to reflect the requirements of these Regulations. A revised PPG2 should be available<br />

by the end of November.<br />

Copies of the Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations 2006 can be<br />

downloaded at: http://www.opsi.gov.uk/legislation/scotland/ssi2006/20060133.htm<br />

For sites in England, the good practice guidance and references to the Control of Pollution (Oil<br />

Storage) (England) Regulations 2001, known as Oil Storage Regulations England, in PPG2 are<br />

still up to date.<br />

For sites in Scotland, you should check the specific requirements of the Scottish Regulations<br />

and how they apply to your oil storage. Visit SEPA s website at<br />

www.sepa.org.uk/regulation/oilstorage2006/index.htm or contact your local SEPA office.<br />

The following is a summary of the key requirements of the Scottish Regulations.<br />

Type of Oils<br />

The Regulations apply to any kind of oil including petrol, diesel, mineral oil, heating oil,<br />

lubricating oil, waste oil, vegetable and plant oil but does not include uncut bitumen as it was<br />

considered this material would solidify in the vicinity of any spillage. The storage of agricultural<br />

fuel oil in Scotland is now controlled by these Regulations.<br />

When do the regulations come into effect?<br />

The regulations come into force in 3 stages:<br />

1. New tanks installed after 1 April 2006 will have to comply by 1 October 2006.<br />

2. Existing tanks within 10 metres of surface water or 50 metres of a borehole or well will<br />

have to comply by 1 April 2008.<br />

3. Remaining existing tanks will have to comply by 1 April 2010.<br />

Key differences between Regulations in Scotland and England<br />

The requirements of the Regulations can differ with the following key differences:<br />

1. Regulations in Scotland apply to domestic storage above 2500 litres. The Oil Storage<br />

Regulations England apply to domestic oil storage with over 3500 litre capacity.<br />

2. Regulations in Scotland apply to storage of waste oil and oil stored on farms. The storage<br />

of waste mineral oils is exempt under the Oil Storage Regulations England as their storage<br />

is covered by the Waste Management Licensing regulations 1994.<br />

3. Regulations in Scotland apply to storage of oil in buildings. The Oil Storage Regulations<br />

England exempts the storage of oil within a building.<br />

4. Regulations in Scotland exempt oil stored in accordance with a Part A authorisation /<br />

permit under the Pollution Prevention and Control (PPC) Regulations 2000, or the<br />

Environmental Protection (Prescribed Processes and Substances) Regulations 1991and<br />

premises used as an oil distribution depot for the onward distribution of oil to other places.<br />

The Oil Storage Regulations England exempt storage of oil at premises used for refining oil<br />

or for the onward distribution of oil to other places.<br />

1 The storage of oil as specified in the Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations<br />

2006 is a controlled activity within the meaning detailed in the Water Environment (Controlled<br />

Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2005. The controlled activity of storage of oil is deemed to be<br />

authorised (under a general binding rule) if it is carried on is accordance with the appropriate<br />

provisions of the Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations 2006.


Environment Alliance - working together<br />

Pollution Prevention Guidelines<br />

Works and maintenance in or near water: PPG5<br />

PPG5<br />

October 2007<br />

These guidelines are produced jointly by the Environment Agency for England and Wales, the Environment and<br />

Heritage Service for Northern Ireland and the Scottish Environment Protection Agency, referred to here as we or us.<br />

These guidelines cover construction and maintenance works in, near or liable to affect surface waters and<br />

groundwaters.<br />

Surface waters include rivers, streams/burns, dry ditches, lakes/lochs, loughs, reservoirs, ponds, canals,<br />

estuaries and coastal waters.<br />

Groundwater is all water below the surface of the ground in the saturation zone and in direct contact with the<br />

ground or subsoil.<br />

You should consider these guidelines on a site by site basis, and we advise you to consult us for help. You can<br />

find contact details at the end of these guidelines.<br />

Pollution Prevention Guidelines (PPGs) are based on relevant legislation and good practice. They will help you<br />

manage your environmental responsibilities and protect the environment.<br />

Following these guidelines doesn t remove your responsibility to comply with the law and prevent pollution.<br />

If you cause or allow pollution you may be committing a criminal offence. It is in the operator s interest to<br />

follow the PPGs because they constitute current best practice and following them will minimise threat to the<br />

environment.<br />

1. Introduction<br />

1.1 Legal requirements<br />

Your construction and maintenance activities in or near water have the potential to cause serious pollution or<br />

impact on the bed and banks of a watercourse and on the quality and quantity of the water. Some activities with<br />

the potential for affecting watercourses or groundwater may require either consent in England and Wales under<br />

the Water Resources Act 1991 or an authorisation in Scotland under the Water Environment (Controlled Activities)<br />

(Scotland) Regulations 2005 (also referred to as CAR) - see reference 1. In Scotland depending on the nature of the<br />

activity there are three levels of authorisation.<br />

Types of activity that may impact upon the bed and banks of a watercourse or of a wetland include:<br />

repairs, maintenance or improvements to any structure in , over or above main river ( as defined in the Water<br />

Resources Act 1991 )<br />

erection or construction of any structure, either permanent or temporary, in, over or above main river<br />

diversion of flows<br />

works within the river channel or a lake/loch<br />

works within the vicinity of a river, or loch or wetland (in Scotland)<br />

any works likely to increase the risk of flooding<br />

works within 10.0metres of a Main River watercourse or flood defence (in England, Northern Ireland and Wales).<br />

There may be local variations in this distance e.g. in Environment Agency Midlands region it is 8.0 metres.<br />

Contact us at the planning stage of your project to confirm this.<br />

PPG 5 page 1


PPG 5 page 2<br />

Types of activity that have the potential to cause pollution of groundwater include:<br />

use of potentially polluting substances near groundwater abstraction boreholes (within Source Protection<br />

Zones in England and Wales, and within 50 metres in Scotland)<br />

use of potentially polluting substances near wells and springs<br />

use of potentially polluting substances in areas where groundwater is vulnerable, e.g. high groundwater table<br />

and thin covering soil<br />

sub-water table construction using materials containing potential pollutants (in Scotland)<br />

Types of activity that may remove water from sensitive parts of the water environment or affect other water users<br />

include:<br />

dewatering of excavations, particularly abstraction of large amounts of groundwater<br />

You should contact us early on in your project as the time-scale for obtaining consent or authorisation for these<br />

activities can take up to four months from receipt of the application. Check the NetRegs website - see web site<br />

list- for information on your legal environmental obligations; in Scotland, read also references 2 and 3.<br />

1.2 <strong>Planning</strong><br />

Most pollution incidents are avoidable. With careful planning you can reduce the risk of your work causing<br />

pollution. Most of the measures needed to prevent pollution cost very little, especially if they are included at<br />

the planning stage of any scheme or project. We suggest the following framework for managing environmental<br />

hazards on your site; some of the items may be legal requirements.<br />

Write and implement<br />

an environmental<br />

management<br />

plan reference 8<br />

to include waste<br />

management<br />

section 7 and<br />

incident response<br />

section 8<br />

reference 9<br />

Continually monitor<br />

and review the<br />

environmental<br />

impact of your work<br />

and update your<br />

management plan<br />

as necessary<br />

Use sustainable<br />

drainage systems<br />

(SUDs) as part of<br />

your design and<br />

construction control<br />

measures section<br />

2.2a and references<br />

6 & 7<br />

Identify all<br />

interested<br />

groups e.g.<br />

Regulators, Local<br />

Authorities, nature<br />

conservations<br />

bodies, sewerage<br />

providers<br />

Plan to protect your<br />

Environment<br />

Carry out a full<br />

Environmental<br />

Impact Assessment<br />

(** See reference<br />

below)<br />

* Some examples of site specific environmental hazards and sensitivities:<br />

oil or chemical pipelines<br />

mains water supply pipelines<br />

high voltage fluid filled cables<br />

downstream abstractors<br />

high amenity areas<br />

fish farms<br />

sensitive habitats e.g. wetlands<br />

Identify your legal<br />

obligation and what<br />

permissions/<br />

authorisations<br />

you need. These<br />

can take up to four<br />

months to issue<br />

Identify any special<br />

procedures or<br />

control measures<br />

to protect the<br />

environment<br />

Identify all<br />

site specific<br />

environmental<br />

hazards and<br />

sensitivities<br />

(*See list below)<br />

** Environmental impact assessments may be a legal requirement of your project as part of the planning process.<br />

You should contact your Local Authority planning department for advice on this part of your project. In England


see the Communities and Local Government web site and reference 4; in Scotland see reference 5 or it s<br />

update and Appendix 8 of reference 4<br />

Reference 8 covers many of the above points in detail.<br />

You can get information on local surface and groundwater water sensitivity from us before you start any work.<br />

In addition to preventing pollution of surface waters and groundwaters you should take precautions to prevent<br />

blocking of channels and culverts, and erosion of the riverbank or bed. This information should form part of the<br />

environmental impact assessment and site management plan.<br />

1.3 Pollution prevention<br />

If you cause pollution you will be responsible for the cost of the clean up. This can be expensive particularly if<br />

groundwater has become contaminated. There may be additional costs associated with our incident response<br />

and/or fines through the criminal courts or civil claims.<br />

Following these good practice guidelines will help you reduce the likelihood of an incident. If one does occur<br />

contact us immediately on our hotline number 0800 80 70 60. A rapid response to incidents will help to minimise<br />

the environmental impact and could reduce your overall costs - see section 8 and reference 9.<br />

Potential pollutants from your type of works could include:<br />

silt - section 2<br />

cement and concrete - section 3<br />

chemicals and solvents -section 4<br />

bridge cleaning debris - section 5<br />

herbicides - section 6<br />

waste materials (including hazardous waste or special waste in Scotland) - section 7<br />

Our PPG6 guidance document covers construction and demolition sites -reference 10. Also, the NetRegs website<br />

- web site list - has guidance, specific for the Construction sector, on environmental regulations and good practice.<br />

You should check these references to find the information that applies to your project.<br />

2. Silt<br />

Silt pollution is a major cause of environmental incidents. It can damage and kill aquatic life by smothering and<br />

suffocating and can cause flooding by blocking culverts and channels.<br />

2.1 Activities that can cause silt pollution<br />

Disturbance of river<br />

bed or bank<br />

De watering and<br />

pumping<br />

of excavations<br />

Silt and<br />

contaminated water<br />

can be caused by<br />

Run off from<br />

exposed ground<br />

Plant washing<br />

Roads and river<br />

crossings<br />

Section 2.1 a Section 2.1b Section 2.1c Section 2.1d<br />

If you can prevent water becoming contaminated in the first place, then it reduces the risk of pollution and the<br />

overall cost of your control measures. To avoid silt pollution you should, wherever possible, use methods of work<br />

that reduce or eliminate working in the channel and that do not contaminate surface water.<br />

PPG 5 page 3


PPG 5 page 4<br />

2.1a Disturbance of the river bed / working in the river channel<br />

When you have considered all other options and working in the channel is still necessary, such as in dredging<br />

operations, contact us as early as possible in your planning stages to discuss appropriate pollution control<br />

measures. Permission for this type of work may take up to four months to obtain. The risk of silt pollution causing<br />

an incident will depend on many factors including: -<br />

likelihood of silt being disturbed<br />

what the river bed is made of, e.g. silt or gravel<br />

the conditions in which the work is carried out, e.g. hot weather and low flows<br />

Silt pollution caused by working in surface waters can be minimised or prevented by keeping water out of the<br />

works area using appropriate isolation techniques, such as coffer dams and by-pass channels.<br />

2.1b Disposal of water from excavations, dewatering and pumping<br />

Problems with disposal of water from the above activities may be minimised or avoided by:<br />

preventing water from entering excavations, by using cut off ditches<br />

considering the impact on groundwater if you use well point dewatering or cut off walls<br />

using pump sumps in excavations<br />

supporting inlet hoses above the bed<br />

discharging on to hard surfaces (concrete slabs/gravel) in to surface waters<br />

use of appropriate pump rates to avoid disturbance of bed or bank the maximum rate should be set after<br />

consideration of the flow of the river, the location of the discharge and the risk of erosion<br />

protection of the pump inlet to avoid drawing in aquatic life and other debris<br />

minimising disturbance of standing water<br />

2.1c Exposed ground and stockpiles<br />

Soil stripping and vegetation removal at the start of a project can increase the volume of contaminated surface<br />

water run-off. It can also reduce the area of vegetated land available for disposal of silty water.<br />

You should:<br />

minimise the amount of exposed ground and soil stockpiles from which the water drains and the period of time<br />

such water drains this is also a legal requirement in Scotland (see General Binding Rules in reference 1)<br />

only remove vegetation from the area that needs to be exposed in the near future<br />

seed or cover stockpiles<br />

use silt fences at the toe of the slope, made from geotextiles, to reduce silt transport<br />

collect run-off in lagoons and allow suspended solids to settle before disposal - reference 3<br />

2.1d On-site working<br />

The movement and maintenance of plant on site can generate silt and oil contaminated water. Sources of silt such<br />

as plant and wheel washing and site roads and river crossings carry a high risk of causing pollution.<br />

Plant and wheel washing<br />

To reduce the pollution risk make sure that:<br />

plant and wheel washing is carried out in a designated area of hard standing at least 10 metres from any<br />

watercourse or surface water drain<br />

run-off is collected in a sump - recycle and reuse water where possible<br />

settled solids are removed regularly<br />

discharge of contained water goes to foul sewer (if possible) with prior permission from your local sewerage<br />

provider section 2.2e - or<br />

tanker off site for authorised disposal section 2.2f


Site roads and river crossings<br />

Run off from site roads and river crossings can contain high levels of silt. Reduce the pollution risk by:<br />

brushing or scraping roads to reduce dust and mud deposits<br />

putting small dams in artificial roadside ditches to retain silt<br />

using existing permanent bridges or pipe crossings for river crossing<br />

if necessary building temporary bridges - but not fording rivers<br />

working from the bank where possible not in the river<br />

2.2 Disposal of contaminated water - treatment and disposal methods<br />

Where run off water is contaminated with silt or other pollutants such as oil this water must not be pumped or<br />

allowed to flow directly or indirectly in to surface waters or groundwater without treatment.<br />

If a discharge to surface waters, groundwater, soakaways or surface water sewers is necessary it may require<br />

consent or authorisation from us. Contact us early in the planning stage of your project as a consent or<br />

authorisation could take up to four months to issue. If we issue a consent or authorisation it will limit volume,<br />

amount of silt and the presence of any oil in the discharge, and may have conditions for additional substances.<br />

The choice of method for the treatment and disposal of contaminated water will depend on:<br />

the volume of water<br />

the area of land available for storage, treatment or discharge<br />

the amount and type of silt<br />

the presence of other substances in the water<br />

the conditions of any consent or authorisation<br />

Treatment and disposal methods include:<br />

Tanker off site<br />

Section 2.2f<br />

Discharge to sewer<br />

Section 2.2e<br />

Sustainable<br />

Drainage Systems<br />

(SUDS) Section 2.2a<br />

Contaminated<br />

Water treatment and<br />

disposal<br />

Pump to grassland<br />

Section 2.2d<br />

Settlement Lagoons<br />

Section 2.2b<br />

Filtration<br />

Section 2.2c<br />

PPG 5 page 5


PPG 5 page 6<br />

2.2a Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS)<br />

Sustainable drainage is the practice of controlling surface water runoff as close to its origin as possible by<br />

slowing flows, allowing adequate settlement and biological action to take place before water is discharged to a<br />

watercourse or to ground. It uses softer engineering solutions to imitate natural drainage rather than traditional<br />

piped drainage solutions. Sustainable drainage methods used both in the construction phase and in the design<br />

of the project will:<br />

reduce flood risk from development within a river catchment<br />

minimise diffuse pollution arising from surface water runoff<br />

minimise the risk of pollution to groundwater<br />

minimise environmental damage, such as bank erosion and damage to habitats<br />

maintain or restore the natural flow regime of the receiving watercourse<br />

maintain recharge to groundwater<br />

achieve environmental enhancements, improvement to wildlife habitats, amenity and landscape quality<br />

Some examples of source control methods are shown in the following list:<br />

Examples of source control sustainable drainage systems<br />

Porous surface pavements water permeates through in to the soil or sub-surface reservoir which can then<br />

be allowed to discharge slowly rather than directly running off. This will minimise the volume of water that<br />

you might need to treat and can also recharge groundwater. Porous pavements need to be protected during<br />

installation from blocking by excessive silt contaminated water.<br />

Infiltration trenches a shallow excavated trench backfilled with stone to make an underground reservoir. Run<br />

off is diverted in to the trench and then filters in to the subsoil. The closer to the source the more effective this<br />

method will be.<br />

Infiltration basins a shallow surface impoundment where water is stored until it gradually infiltrates in to the<br />

soil of the basin floor. The performance of the basin depends largely on the permeability of the soil and the<br />

depth of the water table<br />

Filter drains or French drains - these are similar to infiltration trenches but also allow movement of run off<br />

slowly towards a watercourse allowing time for filtration, storage and some loss of water due to evaporation /<br />

infiltration.<br />

Swales grassed wide shallow depressions which lead water overland from a drained surface in to storage or<br />

discharge system. They provide temporary storage for run off reducing high flows. Solids are retained and oily<br />

residues and organic matter broken down in the top layer of the soil and vegetation.<br />

Filter strips vegetated sections of land designed to accept run off as an overland sheet flow. To be effective<br />

they should be 5 15 metres wide and are best employed on the upstream end of a drainage system. They are<br />

most effective at removing excess solids and pollutants before discharging to downstream system.<br />

Other SUDS can be considered including ponds, detention basins (dry ponds) and wetlands.<br />

At the planning stage of your project consider how your drainage can be managed by using SUDS. Pollution<br />

removal by these methods is achieved by sedimentation, adsorption, absorption, filtration and microbial action.<br />

In Scotland, discharges of water run-off from construction sites are required to be treated by either a Sustainable<br />

Urban Drainage System (SUDS) or an equivalent equipped to avoid pollution. However, the final SUD System<br />

cannot be an equivalent and must be a recognised SUD System (see General Binding Rule 10 in reference 1).<br />

For more information on SUDS see the CIRIA website in the websites list and references 6 and 7.


2.2b Settlement lagoons or tanks<br />

To be effective a settlement lagoon or tank should retain contaminated water long enough for silt to settle<br />

out. The length of time will depend on the type of silt, with finer clay solids taking longer to settle . If you use<br />

flocculants to aid settlement you must discuss this option with us before use. Flocculants can themselves be<br />

polluting and/or toxic and need careful use and monitoring to be effective. The checklist below gives guidance on<br />

lagoon/tank operation.<br />

Table 1 gives guidance on the volume of lagoon or tank needed for a three-hour settlement at a defined rate of<br />

inlet discharge.<br />

Typical dimension of a settlement lagoon / tank for a three hour settling time<br />

Pump Diameter Discharge rate in to the lagoon Length Width<br />

6 inch pump 3000 l/min 60m 20m<br />

6000 l/min 80m 27m<br />

4 inch pump 1000 l/min 30m 10m<br />

2500 l/min 50m 17m<br />

Assuming a tank / lagoon depth of 1 m , where length = three times the width<br />

Table 1: Settlement pond dimensions - the size of the tank/lagoon is determined by the rate of introduction of<br />

water .<br />

Settlement lagoon / tank a checklist<br />

maintain a constant pumped inlet rate<br />

minimise the inlet flow as much as possible by using energy dissipaters or rip rap<br />

position inlet pipe work vertically to dissipate energy<br />

provide lined inlet chamber to reduce velocity of flow<br />

line the inlet chamber and outlet weir with materials like geotextiles , brickwork ,polythene or timber<br />

have a long outlet weir to minimise disturbance<br />

two or three lagoons in series will increase silt retention<br />

clean inlet chamber regularly<br />

monitor discharge quality frequently<br />

See reference 8 for more detail.<br />

2.2c Filtration<br />

If you do not have the space for lagoons and the water is contaminated with course silt you may be able to use<br />

tanks filled with filter material. Single sized aggregates 5 10 mm, geotextiles or straw bales can be used as a<br />

filter. You must monitor carefully the inlet pump rate and discharge quality.<br />

2.2d Pump to grassland<br />

You must have our permission and the landowners before planning to use this method of disposal. The discharge<br />

rate must match the rate of infiltration in to the soil which will vary with the type soil, amount of vegetation cover<br />

and the gradient.<br />

2.2e Discharge to sewer<br />

If discharge to a foul sewer is possible you will require the permission of the local sewerage provider. You should<br />

approach them at an early stage in the project. They may issue a consent/authorisation limiting the volume and<br />

content of the discharge.<br />

PPG 5 page 7


PPG 5 page 8<br />

2.2f Tanker off site<br />

If no other disposal routes are available then contaminated water can be collected and disposed off site by tanker.<br />

This may be a costly option and must be discussed with us at the planning stage of your project.<br />

3. Concrete and cement<br />

Fresh concrete and cement are very alkaline and corrosive and can cause serious pollution. Concrete and cement<br />

mixing and washing areas should:<br />

be sited 10 metres from any watercourse or surface water drain to minimise the risk of run off entering a<br />

watercourse<br />

have settlement and re-circulation systems for water reuse, to minimise the risk of pollution and reduce water<br />

usage<br />

have a contained area for washing out and cleaning of concrete batching plant or ready mix lorries; see section<br />

2.1d above<br />

collect wash waters and, where necessary, discharge to the foul sewer (you must have permission from the<br />

local sewerage undertaker for this), or contain wash water for authorised disposal off site<br />

Wash waters from concrete and cement works should never be discharged in to the water environment.<br />

4. Oil and chemicals<br />

In England, oil storage containers (e.g. tanks, IBCs, drums and mobile bowsers) greater than 200 litres must<br />

comply with the Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England) Regulations 2001 - reference 11. Similar legislation is<br />

expected in Northern Ireland.<br />

In Scotland, storage must be compliant with the Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations 2006<br />

- reference 12 -; these regulations apply to the storage of any volume of any kind of oil, with more prescriptive<br />

requirements applying to industrial, commercial and institutional sites storing over 200 litres of oil.<br />

4.1 Storage - general<br />

Make sure fuel, oil and chemical storage on site is secure. Site the storage on an impervious base within a<br />

secondary containment system such as a bund. The base and bund walls should be impermeable to the material<br />

stored and able to contain at least 110% of the volume stored. Site the storage area above any flood water level<br />

and where possible away from high-risk locations (such as within 10 metres of a watercourse or 50 metres of<br />

a well, borehole or spring), to minimise the risk of a spill entering the water environment. Detailed guidelines<br />

concerning above ground oil storage tanks can found in our guidance PPG2 - reference 13 - and in PPG 26<br />

reference 14.<br />

Keep a spill kit with sand, earth or commercial products that are approved for your stored materials, close to your<br />

storage area. Train staff on how to use these correctly.<br />

Remove damaged leaking or empty drums from site immediately and dispose any drums via a registered waste<br />

disposal contractor


4.2 Security<br />

You should secure your site against theft and vandalism. Statistics show that damage from vandalism is a<br />

common cause of pollution. You can t use vandalism as a defence if you are taken to court because of a pollution<br />

incident<br />

Therefore take action to secure your site by<br />

fitting lockable valves and trigger guns on pipework from storage containers<br />

installing anti siphon valves in pipework between containers and pumps<br />

installing armoured hoses<br />

storing tanks drums and mobile bowsers in a locked container or compound when not in use<br />

considering lighting, alarm or CCTV systems for your site or compound<br />

installing lockable fencing around the site or employing security staff<br />

4.3 Refuelling<br />

The risk of spilling fuel is at its greatest during refuelling of plant. To minimise this risk:refuel<br />

mobile plant in a designated area, on an impermeable base away from drains or watercourses<br />

use a bunded bowser<br />

supervise all refuelling and bulk deliveries<br />

check the available capacity in the tank before refuelling<br />

don t jam open a delivery valve<br />

check hoses and valves regularly for signs of wear<br />

turn off valves after refuelling and lock them when not in use<br />

position drip trays under pumps to catch minor spills<br />

keep a spill kit with sand, earth or commercial products for containment of spillages<br />

provide incident response training to your staff and contractors<br />

4.4 Biodegradable oils<br />

If possible use biodegradable chainsaw chain bar lubricant and biodegradable hydraulic oil in plant when working<br />

in or near watercourses. The Environment Agency and its contractors use biodegradable oils for their own<br />

operations. Biodegradable oils are less toxic than most of the synthetic oil but should still be stored and used to<br />

the same standards as other oils.<br />

4.5 Trade materials<br />

Sealant, coatings, adhesives and glazings can be toxic to plants and animals if released in to the environment.<br />

Select, store and use these materials carefully to save resources and protect the environment. You must not use<br />

sealant and glazing compounds containing asbestos. You should<br />

use water based or low solvent products<br />

avoid products containing lead as a drying agent and those containing hazardous solvents (toluene or<br />

chlorinated hydrocarbons )<br />

provide safe and secure storage<br />

For guidance on general storage see our Pollution Prevention Pays. Getting your site right pack and DVD -<br />

reference 15.<br />

PPG 5 page 9


PPG 5 page 10<br />

5. Bridge maintenance and structures over water.<br />

Work to maintain bridges or other structures over or next to watercourses has a high risk of causing pollution. The<br />

maintenance work itself may require authorisation from us and you should contact us at an early stage in your<br />

plans to agree the most appropriate method of working and to agree an environmental management plan.<br />

You may need authorisations if the bridge crosses a main river. Contact us prior to starting your work to confirm<br />

this.<br />

5.1 Pollutant containment<br />

Dust, debris and wastewater are the most common pollutants produced by structure maintenance. You should<br />

choose a containment system designed to reduce the risk of pollution from your work. The system should take<br />

account of the sensitivity of the environment. The type of containment you need will depend on the sensitivity of<br />

the site.<br />

<strong>Method</strong>s of containment include:<br />

air or water impenetrable walls<br />

rigid or flexible framing lined as necessary<br />

fully sealed joints<br />

airlocks or resealable entryways<br />

negative air pressure (achieved by forced or natural air flow) and<br />

exhaust air filtration<br />

In sealed containment areas you should provide filtered ventilation to prevent the build-up of dust and minimise<br />

the possibility of air escaping through breaches of the containment.<br />

Use physical cleaning instead of liquid chemicals such as caustic and acid solutions. Contain wastewaters from<br />

surface washings and agree the disposal method with us as part of the environmental management plan before<br />

you start work. In some circumstances, you may be able to use a barge with a wastewater containment facility for<br />

working over water, or dispose to foul sewer with prior permission of the local sewerage undertaker. You should<br />

contact us early on in the planning stages of the project so we can advise on pollution prevention methods.<br />

The containment facility must be designed so that the structure does not obstruct the river flow beneath it to such<br />

an extent that it increases the risk of flooding to an unreasonable level.<br />

5.2 Paint removal<br />

Paint removal methods include:-<br />

abrasive blast cleaning<br />

blasting in a closed circuit<br />

preparation by various types of wet abrasive blasting or water jetting<br />

chemical stripping and<br />

hand or power tool cleaning<br />

Abrasive blasting produces the greatest level of dust and debris. The use of vacuum attachments on power tools<br />

can reduce dust generation. Water cleaning methods produce less debris, but generate run-off, which needs to be<br />

contained and treated. We can advise you on the best method of treatment.<br />

Sample existing coatings for hazardous materials (e.g. lead) before starting to remove them. This can help<br />

determine the level of containment you will need. The level of containment needed depends on:<br />

the amount of paint to be removed<br />

the type and concentration of the hazardous materials<br />

the sensitivity of the surrounding environment


5.3 Surface cleaning<br />

If you are using high-pressure water or steam cleaners see our guidance in PPG 13 - reference 16 - before starting<br />

work. You should avoid using grit blasting with slag-derived grit as they can contain significant levels of heavy<br />

metals such as copper. These can be toxic if they get in to the water environment. Reduce the potential for<br />

contamination by using garnet, low silica abrasive or recycled glass media with vacuum attachments.<br />

5.4 Painting<br />

Our advice for painting is much the same as for paint removal although the volume of waste and size of operations<br />

will be less. Remove dust and debris by sweeping or vacuum cleaning before painting. Paints can be applied onsite<br />

using brush, conventional spray or airless spray. Consider using electrostatic spray units to reduce the loss of<br />

product by over-spraying.<br />

Carefully consider the type of paint you use. Although water based solvent free paints have lower environmental<br />

impact they may require more frequent application. Solvent-based paints could have a higher environmental<br />

impact but will last longer and require less maintenance. The decision to use water or solvent-based paints<br />

should be based on the environmental sensitivity of the area/surrounding environment and ease of access to the<br />

structure.<br />

6. Herbicide use<br />

In England, Northern Ireland and Wales you must have our written approval to use herbicides in or near waters.<br />

This takes two weeks from the date we receive the application. Only approved herbicides may be used, and<br />

only by authorised contractors. If approval is given you, as the applicant, and the contractor are responsible for<br />

ensuring that the interests of other river users are not adversely affected.<br />

In Scotland, aerial application of herbicides in or near the water environment needs approval from us; also, you<br />

should consult with us on any other application of herbicide in or near the water environment, as pollution caused<br />

by such herbicide use will be deemed an unauthorised activity and enforcement action may be taken against the<br />

person responsible.<br />

PPG 5 page 11


PPG 5 page 12<br />

7. Waste management<br />

Legal waste storage and disposal are essential for effective pollution prevention.<br />

Under the Duty of Care - reference 17 - you have a legal duty to make sure any waste you produce does not escape<br />

from your control. Waste must be transferred to an authorised registered or exempt waste carrier or waste<br />

manager. It must be accompanied by a full description of the waste and a waste transfer note and be disposed of<br />

lawfully.<br />

Hazardous wastes, or special wastes in Scotland, such as oily wastes, acids, solvents and solvent-based products,<br />

have particular legal requirements and their movement must be accompanied by a consignment note - reference<br />

18. Everyone involved in the transfer of the waste, including us, must keep copies of the consignment notes for<br />

proof of legal disposal.<br />

If you are a hazardous waste producer located in England or Wales you must register with the Environment Agency<br />

as a Hazardous Waste Producer. For further advice contact us on 08708 502 858 or go to our web site. There is no<br />

such requirement in Northern Ireland or Scotland.<br />

Find out how these waste regulations affect your site. Check the Guidance by Environmental Topic section of the<br />

NetRegs website (in web site list) for information on waste legislation and how you can comply. In Scotland see<br />

also reference 19.<br />

Draw up a site waste management plan.<br />

Site waste management plan checklist<br />

Carry out a waste minimisation audit to identify where you can reduce the volume of waste you produce -<br />

contact Envirowise for free advice, on 0800 585794 or using its website (see websites list below)<br />

Reuse materials or use products that can be reused many times<br />

Substitute materials for less hazardous ones e.g biodegradable lubricants and water based paints<br />

Recycle waste where possible In England, Northern Ireland and Wales contact your local council or waste<br />

contractor for recycling facilities. In Scotland in the first instance check the Waste Awareness website (www.<br />

wasteawarebusiness.com) to identify waste recycling facilities in your area. Also contact your local council,<br />

waste contractor, or the Scottish Industrial Symbiosis Programme (www.nisp.org.uk/)<br />

Segregate different wastes for recycling, hazardous waste and general waste and label them. Do not mix or<br />

dilute hazardous wastes<br />

Store waste in suitable containers of sufficient capacity to avoid loss, overflow or spillage<br />

Store waste in designated areas, isolated completely from surface water drains and areas which discharge<br />

directly to the water environment.<br />

Cover or enclose skips unless they are stored undercover or within a building.<br />

Take waste off your site frequently; do not allow large quantities to accumulate.


8. Incident response<br />

You should immediately report to us any incidents that have had or that could have had an environmental impact.<br />

Use our hotline number 0800 80 70 60 to report all incidents.<br />

Incidents include spillages (oils and chemicals), contaminated run-off, flooding, riverbed disturbance, damage to<br />

underground services, damage to habitats, poor waste disposal and storage. If in doubt report it.<br />

You should produce an Incident Response Plan as part of the environmental impact management of your work.<br />

Include the following: -<br />

list of key external and internal contacts<br />

reporting procedures<br />

site plan including drainage and location of storage/refuelling areas<br />

list of stored materials<br />

details of local environmental sensitivities, e.g. abstractors, high amenity areas and fish farms<br />

location of spill equipment<br />

procedures for spill containment and remediation<br />

Train your staff and contractors in the use of spill equipment and how to manage and dispose of waste materials<br />

legally.<br />

If you are using oil and chemicals in close proximity to a watercourse, store a suitable spill kit or absorbent<br />

materials nearby. Provide appropriate temporary storage for any oils and chemicals. Contain all spillages using<br />

absorbents such as sand, soil or commercially available booms or pads and notify us immediately, using the<br />

emergency hotline number above.<br />

For full guidance on Incident Response planning use our PPG 21 - reference 9.<br />

PPG 5 page 13


PPG 5 page 14<br />

9. References<br />

All the Pollution Prevention Guidance notes (PPGs) are available at:<br />

- www.environment-agency.gov.uk/ppg<br />

- www.sepa.org.uk/guidance/ppg<br />

You can also order the Pollution Prevention Pays pack at the first of these sites.<br />

1. The Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2005 A Practical Guide. SEPA 2007<br />

in SEPA website and in print version obtainable from SEPA.<br />

2. Prevention of Pollution from Civil Engineering Contracts; Special Requirements (SG 31). SEPA 2006 - in<br />

SEPA website.<br />

3. Prevention of Pollution from Civil Engineering Contracts Guidelines for Special Requirements (SG-32).<br />

SEPA 2006.<br />

4. Environmental Impact Assessment: Guide to Procedures. Department for Communities and Local<br />

Government. ISBN 0 72 772960 8<br />

5. The Environmental Impact Assessment (Scotland) Regulations 1999, Circular 15/1999 in Scottish<br />

Government website.<br />

6. The SUDS Manual. CIRIA C697. ISBN 0 86017 697 5<br />

7. Site Handbook for the Construction of SUDS. CIRIA C698. ISBN 0 86017 698 3.<br />

8. Environmental Good Practice on Site . CIRIA C502 1999. ISBN 0 86017 502 2<br />

9. PPG21: Pollution Incident Response <strong>Planning</strong>.<br />

10. PPG 6: Working at Construction and Demolition sites.<br />

11. Guidance note for the Control of Pollution (Oil Storage) (England) Regulations 2001 in Defra website and<br />

in print.<br />

12. Guidance note for the Water Environment (Oil Storage) (Scotland) Regulations2006 Scottish Government<br />

in Scottish Government website and in print.<br />

13. PPG2: Above Ground Oil Storage Tanks.<br />

14. PPG26: Storage and Handling of Drums and Intermediate Bulk Containers.<br />

15. Pollution Prevention Pays. Getting your Site Right Industrial and Commercial Pollution Prevention. in<br />

Environment Agency website.<br />

16. PPG 13: Vehicle Washing and Cleaning.<br />

17 Waste Management, The Duty of Care, A Code of Practice (Revised 1996). The Stationary Office. ISBN 0<br />

11- 753210X.<br />

18. Hazardous Waste (England and Wales) Regulation 2005 Statutory<br />

Instrument 2005 No 894. ISBN 0 110726 855<br />

Hazardous Waste (Northern Ireland) Regulations 2005, SR 300. ISBN 0 33796 064 X<br />

Special Waste Regulations 1996, SI972. ISBN 0 11 054565 6<br />

Special Waste Amendment (Scotland) Regulations 2004, SSI 112. ISBN 0 11069 0303


19. The Small Environmental Guide for Construction Workers. SEPA and CIRIA 2006 in SEPA website and in<br />

paper version obtainable from SEPA<br />

Websites<br />

Environment Agency: www.environment-agency.gov.uk<br />

Environment and Heritage Service for Northern Ireland: www.ehsni.gov.uk<br />

Scottish Environment Protection Agency: www.sepa.org.uk<br />

Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs: www.defra.gov.uk<br />

Communities and Local Government (England and Wales): http://www.communities.gov.uk/<br />

Scottish Government: http://www.scotland.gov.uk/<br />

Envirowise: www.envirowise.gov.uk<br />

NetRegs: www.netregs.gov.uk<br />

Construction Industry Re<strong>search</strong> and Information Association : www.ciria.org.uk<br />

PPG 5 page 15


PPG 5 page 16<br />

Our contact details<br />

Environment Agency<br />

www.environment-agency.gov.uk<br />

HEAD OFFICE<br />

Rio House<br />

Waterside Drive<br />

Aztec West<br />

Almondsbury<br />

Bristol BS32 4UD<br />

Tel: 01454 624 400<br />

Fax: 01454 624 409<br />

Scottish Environment Protection Agency<br />

www.sepa.org.uk<br />

CORPORATE OFFICE<br />

Erskine Court<br />

The Castle Business Park<br />

Stirling FK9 4TR<br />

Tel: 01786 457 700<br />

Fax: 01786 446 885<br />

Environment and Heritage Service<br />

www.ehsni.gov.uk<br />

HEAD OFFICE<br />

17 Antrim Road<br />

Lisburn<br />

County Antrim BT28 3AL<br />

Tel: 028 9262 3100<br />

Fax: 028 9267 6054<br />

In England and Wales please contact your Local Development Control team through National Customer Contact<br />

Centre (NCCC) on 08708 506 506 or at enquires@environment-agency.gov.uk for details on any of the topics<br />

covered in this document.<br />

Environment first: This publication is printed on paper made<br />

from 100 per cent previously used waste. By-products from<br />

making the pulp and paper are used for composting and fertiliser,<br />

for making cement and for generating energy.<br />

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