The Cluster Initiative Greenbook

that on average 15 objectives were important for their CIs. 66% of the CIs perform at
least one objective in at least five of the six segments in the Target Board.
Process
Who takes the lead?
The processes through which CIs are initiated and organised take on many different
forms. Although all CIs by definition are partnerships of industry and government
and/or universities, the relative importance of these parties may vary. In particular, it is
interesting to note who took the initiative to launch the CI and who finances it.
Setting
Objectives
Performance
Process
54%
Initiative
Financing
% of respondents
27%
18%
32%
5%
1% 0% 2%
By industry By government By university By international
organisations
35%
25%
Equally by two or
more
Figure 33
Initiating and financing CIs
This graph shows who primarily
took the initiative to set up the CI and
which part is primarily financing it.
Source: GCIS 2003
Taking the initiative to set up a CI is most often done jointly by two parties, usually
industry and government, or primarily by government. In 27% of the cases, however,
the initiative came primarily from industry. In terms of financing, government is even
more important. In most cases, government is the primary source of funding and only
18% of CIs are primarily funded by industry (by membership fees, for example).
A small number, 5%, of the CIs were initiated by the university sector, and university
funding of CIs is even more unusual. International organisations have initiated only
one of the researched CIs, but they do provide the main funding for four. (See Figure
33 above.)
Agree
Disagree
Companies are the most influential
70%
Local/regional gov't is not involved
Gov't initially decided which firms to involve
Int'l organisation provided strict rules
18%
10%
3%
Figure 34
Influence over the setup and
governance of the CI
Source: GCIS 2003
Most CIs are dominated by industry. 70% of respondents agree that companies are
the most influential parties in steering their CI. Local or regional government is usually
involved, which means that government involvement is typically not limited to the
national level. In a few cases, government initially decided which companies would be
involved, and the survey shows that in those cases companies remain less influential.
In rare cases, international organisations decided how the CI was set up (see Figure
34 above.)
The Cluster Initiative Greenbook • 39