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Literacy - Benchmark Resources - Benchmark Education Company

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2<br />

Teacher’s Guide Grade 2 • Unit 1<br />

Week<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong><br />

<strong>Literacy</strong><br />

TM<br />

Ask Questions/Identify Main Idea<br />

and Supporting Details<br />

Unit 1/Week 2 at a Glance<br />

Day<br />

ONE<br />

TWO<br />

Mini-Lessons<br />

• Activate Prior Knowledge: Concept Web<br />

• Introduce the Book<br />

• Front-Load Academic Vocabulary<br />

• Read Pages 2–3: Ask Questions/Identify Main Idea<br />

and Supporting Details<br />

• Read Pages 4–9: Identify Main Idea and<br />

Supporting Details<br />

• Focus on Nonfiction Text Features: Maps<br />

THREE • Read Pages 10–13: Identify Main Idea and<br />

Supporting Details<br />

• Focus on Text Structure and Organization:<br />

Sequence of Events<br />

FOUR • Read Pages 14–17, 18–19: Identify Main Idea and<br />

Supporting Details<br />

• Summarize and Synthesize Information: Explore Concepts<br />

Using a Problem and Solution Chart<br />

FIVE<br />

• Shared Writing: Use Main Ideas and Details to Write a<br />

Personal Narrative<br />

®<br />

B<br />

e n c h m a r k E d u c a t i o n C o m p a n y


Day One<br />

Read-Aloud (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Select a favorite fiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library with<br />

which to model the metacognitive strategy “Ask Questions.” Use the sample<br />

read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> Overview.<br />

Mini-Lessons (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Activate Prior Knowledge: Concept Web<br />

Display a blank Endangered Animal Concept Web (BLM 1) like the one shown<br />

here.<br />

Nonfiction Big Book<br />

Lesson Objectives<br />

Students will:<br />

• Build academic vocabulary and<br />

concepts related to endangered<br />

whooping cranes.<br />

• Ask questions about a text.<br />

• Identify main ideas and supporting<br />

details using a graphic organizer.<br />

• Identify and discuss nonfiction<br />

text features (table of contents,<br />

glossary).<br />

• Build oral language and vocabulary<br />

through whole-group and partner<br />

discussion.<br />

Related <strong>Resources</strong><br />

• Endangered Animal Concept Web<br />

(BLM 1)<br />

• Vocabulary Notebook (BLM 2)<br />

• Identify Main Idea and Supporting<br />

Details (BLM 3)<br />

• Write the Details (BLM 4)<br />

Say: An endangered animal is an animal that is in danger of disappearing.<br />

• Why are some animals endangered?<br />

• How can you help endangered animals?<br />

Model sentence frames. Support ELLs by modeling how you use the<br />

following sentence frames:<br />

Some animals are endangered because .<br />

I can help endangered animals. I can .<br />

Open discussion. Record students’ responses on the Endangered Animal<br />

Concept Web. Ask why it is important to help save endangered animals.<br />

Make cultural connections. Invite students who have read about, lived in, or<br />

visited different countries or places to tell about endangered animals they have<br />

seen or learned about.<br />

Tell students that this week they will be reading a book about an endangered<br />

animal called the whooping crane and while they read the book they will<br />

return to the Concept Web to add more information.<br />

protect<br />

forests<br />

How to Help<br />

elephant<br />

whale<br />

Animals<br />

Endangered<br />

tiger<br />

cutting<br />

down trees<br />

Sample Endangered Animal Concept Web Annotations (BLM 1)<br />

Dangers<br />

pollution<br />

2<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day One<br />

Introduce the Book<br />

Display the book Bringing Back the Whooping Crane on an easel.<br />

Show students the book cover. Read aloud the title and the authors’<br />

names. Invite students to identify and discuss what they see in the cover<br />

photograph.<br />

Ask: • What do you predict this book will be about?<br />

• Is this book fiction or nonfiction?<br />

• How do you know? Allow responses.<br />

If necessary, point out that this is a nonfiction book. Explain that the<br />

photograph of a real whooping crane provides one clue that readers<br />

can use to predict the genre and topic of the book.<br />

Turn to the Table of Contents. Read the entries with students.<br />

Ask: Why do you think this book has a Table of Contents? Allow<br />

responses.<br />

Guide students to understand that the Table of Contents helps readers<br />

know how the information in a book is organized and what they can<br />

find out by reading the book.<br />

Ask: • What would I read about in “Cranes in Danger”?<br />

• Where would I read about how to save whooping cranes?<br />

Front-Load Academic Vocabulary<br />

Open to the Glossary on page 20. Point to each word, read the<br />

definition, and use the word in a sentence.<br />

If you have students whose first language is Spanish, ask: Does habitat<br />

sound like a word you know in Spanish? (Allow responses.) The English<br />

word habitat sounds like the Spanish word el hábitat. Habitat and<br />

el hábitat mean the same thing. Repeat for other cognates in the book:<br />

migrate/migrar; species/las especies.<br />

Ask students to predict what each word means and use each word in a<br />

sentence.<br />

Make Content Comprehensible<br />

for ELLs<br />

Beginning and Intermediate<br />

Use realia and images from the book to<br />

discuss whooping cranes. Point to the<br />

images on the cover and Table of Contents<br />

and say: This bird is a whooping crane. A<br />

whooping crane is . (white, big,<br />

tall) It has . (wings, a long neck,<br />

black legs) It can . (fly, stand)<br />

Have students repeat the sentences with<br />

you.<br />

All Levels<br />

If you have students whose first language<br />

is Spanish, use the English/Spanish<br />

cognates provided in the Front-Load<br />

Academic Vocabulary section on this page.<br />

Pair ELLs with fluent English speakers<br />

during partner discussions and activities.<br />

Model the use of academic sentence<br />

frames to support ELLs’ vocabulary and<br />

language development. (See suggested<br />

sentence frames provided.)<br />

Support Special Needs Learners<br />

Throughout the week, use the following<br />

strategies to help students who have<br />

learning disabilities access the content<br />

and focus on skills and strategies.<br />

Spend additional time previewing<br />

each chapter to build background and<br />

vocabulary.<br />

Read aloud the text more than once for<br />

students who would benefit from auditory<br />

input.<br />

Use the graphic organizer activities to build<br />

students’ schema related to the book’s<br />

content.<br />

Validate and support students’ efforts to<br />

participate in instructional conversations<br />

and activities.<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 3


Day One<br />

Gcaptivity<br />

endangered<br />

habitat<br />

lossary<br />

kept within bounds; birds in captivity<br />

are not free to fly where they want<br />

in danger of disappearing<br />

an area where plants, birds, or<br />

animals are able to live<br />

Display or print the Vocabulary Notebook page (BLM 2). Ask students to<br />

review the Glossary words. Encourage partners to share what they know about<br />

each word. Then have pairs share with the class. Write students’ ideas on the<br />

Vocabulary Notebook page, or have students write or draw independently.<br />

migrate<br />

species<br />

ultralight<br />

wingspan<br />

to travel from one part of the world to<br />

another and back again every year<br />

a group of animals, different from all<br />

other groups<br />

a type of small aircraft that does not<br />

weigh a lot<br />

the distance from the tip of one wing<br />

to the tip of the other<br />

Say: You will learn more about these words as we read the book.<br />

Read Pages 2–3<br />

Content Comprehension: Ask Questions/Identify Main Idea<br />

& Supporting Details<br />

20<br />

Glossary, page 20<br />

BLM 2<br />

Name<br />

Date<br />

Vocabulary Notebook<br />

My word to think about is ___________________________________________________.<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

Read aloud pages 2–3 to students.<br />

Display or print an Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details graphic organizer<br />

(BLM 3).<br />

Explain. Say: A nonfiction book provides information. How can you make<br />

sure that you understand the information? As you read, you can think about<br />

the important ideas. The most important ideas are called the main ideas.<br />

Sometimes main ideas are stated right in the text. You can usually tell what<br />

the main ideas are by thinking about details, or facts, that you read. The<br />

details tell about, or support, the main ideas.<br />

Activate metacognitive strategies. Say: Good readers ask themselves<br />

questions to help them understand main ideas and details. Asking questions<br />

helps them focus on what information is most important. Let’s read page 2<br />

again. I’ll ask myself questions that help me identify the main idea and<br />

supporting details.<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

________________________________________________________________________________<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2010 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC<br />

Vocabulary Notebook (BLM 2)<br />

Model. Say: The title of this chapter is “Now You See Them.” When I read<br />

the title, I ask myself, “What are the authors referring to?” The first sentence<br />

reads, “Have you ever seen a whooping crane?” I ask myself that question,<br />

and my answer is the same as the next sentence: “Probably not!” When I read<br />

on, I learn some facts, or details. I learn that there are only a few hundred<br />

whooping cranes left, and 60 years ago, there were only about 20. Why are<br />

the authors giving me these details? They must want me to understand why<br />

I have not seen a whooping crane. I think that this is the main idea: You<br />

probably have not seen a whooping crane. The details support that main<br />

idea. I will use a graphic organizer to show the main idea and supporting<br />

details.<br />

Write the main idea and details on the graphic organizer. Save your graphic<br />

organizer to add to later.<br />

4<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day One<br />

Pages 2–3<br />

Main Idea<br />

You probably have not<br />

seen a whooping crane.<br />

Details<br />

• only a few hundred<br />

now<br />

• 60 years ago, only 20<br />

Sample Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details Annotations (BLM 3)<br />

Say: On this page, you read about why you probably have not seen a<br />

whooping crane. Why haven’t many people seen one? Record students’<br />

responses on the Endangered Animal Concept Web (BLM 1).<br />

Connect and transfer. Say: When you read a nonfiction book on your own<br />

or during small-group reading, remember to ask yourself questions to help<br />

you focus on the important ideas.<br />

Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 m i n u t e s)<br />

Based on students’ instructional reading levels, select titles that provide<br />

opportunities for students to practice identifying main ideas and details. See<br />

the list provided on the Small-Group Reading Instructional Planner.<br />

Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the<br />

Teacher’s Guide for each text.<br />

Comprehension Quick-Check<br />

Observe whether students are able to<br />

articulate the main idea and details on<br />

the page. If they have difficulty, use the<br />

following additional explicit instruction.<br />

Say: The main idea is the big idea that the<br />

author wants you to know. On this page,<br />

the big idea is that you probably have not<br />

seen a whooping crane. The supporting<br />

details tell why. Find the details.<br />

Reread the page with students. Ask them<br />

to point to and read specific details on the<br />

page.<br />

Return to your graphic organizer. Say:<br />

We wrote the main idea and details on<br />

our graphic organizer. Let’s read them<br />

together.<br />

Home/School Connection<br />

Have students take home BLM 4 and work<br />

with family members to think of three<br />

details that support the main idea that<br />

trees are important. Tell students to write<br />

the supporting details on their graphic<br />

organizer.<br />

Individual Student Conferences (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Confer with individual students on their text selections and application of<br />

strategies. Use the Reading Conference Note-Taking Form to help guide your<br />

conferences.<br />

BLM 4<br />

Name<br />

Date<br />

Write the Details<br />

Directions: Write three details that support the main idea below.<br />

Main Idea<br />

A tree is important.<br />

Phonics Workshop (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Detail 1 Detail 2 Detail 3<br />

Use the Day 1 instruction provided in SpiralUp Phonics Skill Bag 2.<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2010 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC<br />

Write the Details (BLM 4)<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 5


Day Two<br />

Read-Aloud (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Select a favorite fiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library with<br />

which to model the metacognitive strategy “Ask Questions.” Use the sample<br />

read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> Overview.<br />

Mini-Lessons (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Read Pages 4–9<br />

Content Comprehension: Identify Main Idea &<br />

Supporting Details<br />

Nonfiction Big Book<br />

Lesson Objectives<br />

Students will:<br />

• Build academic vocabulary and<br />

concepts related to endangered<br />

whooping cranes.<br />

• Ask questions about a text.<br />

• Identify main ideas and supporting<br />

details using a graphic organizer.<br />

• Identify and discuss nonfiction text<br />

features (maps).<br />

• Build oral language and vocabulary<br />

through whole-group and partner<br />

discussion.<br />

Say: Yesterday we read about why you probably have not seen a whooping<br />

crane. Why haven’t you? What else did you learn about whooping cranes?<br />

Allow responses.<br />

Say: Today we’ll read more about whooping cranes. As we read, we’ll look<br />

for the main idea and supporting details. Remember to ask yourself questions<br />

as we read. Asking questions will help you clarify information and identify the<br />

main idea and supporting details.<br />

Read aloud pages 4–9.<br />

Invite students to turn and talk with partners to discuss the main idea of the<br />

pages and details that support the main idea. Students can use the following<br />

academic sentence frames:<br />

I think the main idea is .<br />

The supporting details are .<br />

Bring students together to share their ideas. As a group, record the main idea<br />

and details in the boxes on the graphic organizer.<br />

Related <strong>Resources</strong><br />

• Endangered Animal Concept Web<br />

(BLM 1)<br />

• Identify Main Idea and Supporting<br />

Details (BLM 3)<br />

Pages 4–9<br />

Main Idea<br />

The cranes disappeared<br />

for three main reasons.<br />

Details<br />

• loss of habitat<br />

• overhunting<br />

• egg collecting<br />

Sample Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details Annotations (BLM 3)<br />

Say: In this chapter, you read about why the whooping cranes were in<br />

danger. Let’s add what you learned to our Concept Web.<br />

6<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day Two<br />

Focus on Nonfiction Text Features: Maps<br />

Draw students’ attention to the map on page 8.<br />

Ask: What is a map? (Allow responses.) That’s right! Maps are drawings that<br />

show the whole world or different parts of the world. Mapmakers use symbols<br />

to help readers understand maps. This map shows where whooping cranes go<br />

when they migrate south.<br />

Ask: Why do you think the authors included this map in their book? How does<br />

it help you as a reader? Allow responses. Students should understand that the<br />

map helps them visualize where in the world the whooping cranes go when<br />

they migrate south. Explain that sometimes a map includes information that<br />

text alone does not provide.<br />

Ask: When you look at this map, how can you tell where the whooping cranes<br />

fly? Allow responses. If necessary, explain that the red line shows the migration<br />

route.<br />

Point to the compass rose and discuss the directions. Ask: Where do the birds<br />

begin? In what direction do they fly? Where do they end? What do you think<br />

the birds will do in the spring?<br />

Connect and transfer. Say: Pay attention to maps when you find them in<br />

books you are reading. Ask yourself, “What information are the maps giving<br />

me? How can the maps help me understand the main ideas and details I am<br />

reading about?”<br />

Make Content Comprehensible<br />

for ELLs<br />

Beginning and Intermediate<br />

Say sentences or sentence frames for the<br />

photos on pages 6–9: This is a habitat.<br />

This is water. This is grass. This is a marsh.<br />

Have students point and repeat.<br />

Advanced<br />

Have students tell about the photos on<br />

pages 6–7. Write the sentences on selfstick<br />

notes to make captions.<br />

All Levels<br />

If you have students whose first language<br />

is Spanish, share these English/Spanish<br />

cognates: habitat/el hábitat; disaster/<br />

el desastre; disappear/desaparecer;<br />

migrate/migrar.<br />

Pair ELLs with fluent English speakers<br />

during partner discussions and activities.<br />

Model the use of academic sentence<br />

frames to support ELLs’ discussion of<br />

main ideas and supporting details. (See<br />

suggested sentence frames provided.)<br />

Comprehension Quick-Check<br />

Take note of which students can or cannot<br />

contribute to the discussion of the main<br />

idea and supporting details for pages 4–9.<br />

Use the following activity to provide<br />

additional instruction.<br />

Write this main idea on a sentence strip:<br />

Many animals live outside. Then ask<br />

students to give supporting details: A<br />

lives outside. Write their details<br />

on separate sentence strips.<br />

Work together to use the sentence strips<br />

to create a main idea and details graphic<br />

organizer.<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 7


Day Two<br />

Oral Language Extension<br />

During independent workstation time, pair<br />

students to discuss details that support this<br />

main idea: Whooping cranes are big birds.<br />

Suggest they use photos and the facts<br />

on page 3 for ideas. Tell students to be<br />

prepared to report on their conversation<br />

during individual conference time.<br />

Home/School Connection<br />

Have students draw a simple main idea<br />

and supporting details graphic organizer<br />

on notebook paper. There should be one<br />

box for the main idea and three boxes<br />

for supporting details. Have them write<br />

the following sentence in the main idea<br />

box: Many animals are endangered. Ask<br />

students to work alone or with a family<br />

member at home to write three complete<br />

sentences that support the main idea.<br />

Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 m i n u t e s)<br />

Based on students’ instructional reading levels, select titles that provide<br />

opportunities for students to practice identifying main ideas and details. See<br />

the list provided on the Unit at a Glance chart.<br />

Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the<br />

Teacher’s Guide for each text.<br />

Individual Student Conferences (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Confer with individual students on their text selections and application of<br />

strategies. Use the Reading Conference Note-Taking Form to help guide your<br />

conferences.<br />

Phonics Workshop (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Use the Day 2 instruction provided in SpiralUp Phonics Skill Bag 2.<br />

8<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day Three<br />

Read-Aloud (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Select a favorite nonfiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library<br />

with which to model the metacognitive strategy “Ask Questions.” Use the<br />

sample read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong><br />

Overview.<br />

Mini-Lessons (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Read Pages 10–13<br />

Content Comprehension: Identify Main Idea &<br />

Supporting Details<br />

Say: Yesterday we read about why whooping cranes were in danger. What<br />

are three reasons that you learned about? Allow responses.<br />

Say: Today we’re going to read more about whooping cranes. As we read,<br />

we’ll look for a main idea and supporting details. Remember to ask yourself<br />

questions to help you understand what you read.<br />

Read aloud pages 10–13.<br />

Invite students to turn and talk with a partner to discuss the main idea of the<br />

pages and details that support the main idea. Students can use the following<br />

academic sentence frames:<br />

I think the main idea is .<br />

The supporting details are .<br />

Bring students together to share their ideas. As a group, record the main ideas<br />

and details in the boxes on the graphic organizer.<br />

Pages 10–13<br />

Main Idea<br />

People are trying to save<br />

whooping cranes.<br />

Details<br />

• declared them<br />

endangered species<br />

• made it illegal to hunt<br />

them or take eggs<br />

• started International<br />

Whooping Crane<br />

Recovery Team to bring<br />

back flocks<br />

Nonfiction Big Book<br />

Lesson Objectives<br />

Students will:<br />

• Ask questions about the text.<br />

• Identify main ideas and supporting<br />

details using a graphic organizer.<br />

• Learn about nonfiction text<br />

structures (sequence of events).<br />

• Build oral language and vocabulary<br />

through whole-group and partner<br />

discussion.<br />

Related <strong>Resources</strong><br />

• Endangered Animal Concept Web<br />

(BLM 1)<br />

• Vocabulary Notebook (BLM 2)<br />

• Identify Main Idea and Supporting<br />

Details (BLM 3)<br />

Sample Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details Annotations (BLM 3)<br />

Say: On these pages, you read about ways to save whooping cranes. Let’s add<br />

what you learned to our Concept Web.<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 9


Day Three<br />

Make Content Comprehensible<br />

for ELLs<br />

Beginning<br />

Point to and name things in the photos<br />

on page 13: eggs, chick, pens (showing<br />

captivity), in the wild. Have students<br />

repeat.<br />

Intermediate and Advanced<br />

Have students tell what happens first, next,<br />

then, and last in the photos on page 13.<br />

Say: First, the hatch. Next, the<br />

eats. Then, chicks<br />

outside. Last, a chick .<br />

All Levels<br />

If you have students whose first language<br />

is Spanish, share these English/Spanish<br />

cognates: species/las especies; illegal/<br />

ilegales; form/formar.<br />

Pair ELLs with fluent English speakers<br />

during partner discussions and activities.<br />

Support discussion of the main idea and<br />

supporting details by using the academic<br />

sentence frames provided.<br />

Comprehension Quick-Check<br />

As students turn and talk with a partner,<br />

monitor their conversations to identify<br />

which students can or cannot identify main<br />

ideas and details independently. Based on<br />

your observations, identify students who<br />

need additional explicit reinforcement of<br />

the strategy during small-group reading<br />

instruction.<br />

Home/School Connection<br />

Have students take home the Vocabulary<br />

Notebook page (BLM 2) and focus on one<br />

of these words: captivity, endangered,<br />

species, or flock. Encourage students to<br />

share with a family member how the word<br />

relates to whooping cranes.<br />

Focus on Text Structure and Organization:<br />

Sequence of Events<br />

Explain to students that authors organize nonfiction texts in different ways<br />

depending on the type of information they are communicating. For example,<br />

sometimes an author wants to describe something. Other times, an author<br />

wants to tell about a problem and how it is solved.<br />

Say: The authors of this book want us to understand how the number of<br />

whooping cranes has changed over time. To do this, they need to write about<br />

events in the correct order. They use a sequence-of-events text structure.<br />

Begin a time line with facts from page 4. Have students find other facts from<br />

pages 5–13 to add to the time line. Point out signal language, such as the use<br />

of dates (By 1940, in 1970, by the early 1980s). Then discuss the sequence-ofevents<br />

structure in the photo diagram on page 13.<br />

Connect and transfer. Say: Remember, many nonfiction books have a<br />

sequence-of-events text structure. Look for this as you read. Pay attention<br />

to the signal language the author gives. This will help you figure out the<br />

sequence of events.<br />

Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 m i n u t e s)<br />

Based on students’ instructional reading levels, select titles that provide<br />

opportunities for students to practice identifying main ideas and details. See<br />

the list provided on the Unit at a Glance chart.<br />

Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the<br />

Teacher’s Guide for each text.<br />

Individual Student Conferences (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Confer with individual students on their text selections and application of<br />

strategies. Use the Reading Conference Note-Taking Form to help guide your<br />

conferences.<br />

Phonics Workshop (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Use the Day 3 instruction provided in SpiralUp Phonics Skill Bag 2.<br />

10<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day Four<br />

Read-Aloud (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Select a favorite nonfiction read-aloud from your classroom or school library<br />

with which to model the metacognitive strategy “Ask Questions.” Use the<br />

sample read-aloud lessons and suggested titles in the <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong><br />

Overview.<br />

Mini-Lessons (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Read Pages 14–17, 18–19<br />

Content Comprehension: Identify Main Idea &<br />

Supporting Details<br />

Invite students to use the Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details graphic<br />

organizer to retell the main ideas and details that they have read about so far.<br />

Read pages 14–17 and pages 18–19 to students.<br />

Have students turn and talk to a partner to discuss the main idea of pages<br />

14–17 and the details that support the main idea. Remind them to focus on<br />

the author’s sequence-of-events text structure to help them find details that<br />

support the main idea.<br />

Invite pairs of students to share their ideas. As a group, compare different<br />

students’ ideas and develop a consensus on the best main idea for pages<br />

14–17. Record the group’s ideas on the graphic organizer.<br />

Pages 14–17<br />

Main Idea<br />

You need to teach<br />

cranes to migrate.<br />

Details<br />

• play sounds of<br />

ultralight and mother<br />

when chicks hatch<br />

• have young birds<br />

follow ultralight<br />

Nonfiction Big Book<br />

Lesson Objectives<br />

Students will:<br />

• Identify main ideas and supporting<br />

details using a graphic organizer.<br />

• Use academic sentence frames to<br />

summarize and synthesize content<br />

information.<br />

Related <strong>Resources</strong><br />

• Endangered Animal Concept Web<br />

(BLM 1)<br />

• Identify Main Idea and Supporting<br />

Details (BLM 3)<br />

• Problem and Solution Chart<br />

(BLM 5)<br />

Sample Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details Annotations (BLM 3)<br />

Say: On these pages, you read about teaching whooping cranes to migrate.<br />

What information can we add to our Concept Web?<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 11


Day Four<br />

Make Content Comprehensible<br />

for ELLs<br />

Beginning and Intermediate<br />

Have students point to the ultralight on<br />

page 15 and repeat: This is an ultralight.<br />

Have students point to the ultralight on<br />

page 17 and repeat: This ultralight can fly.<br />

The flock follows it.<br />

All Levels<br />

If you have students whose first language<br />

is Spanish, share these English/Spanish<br />

cognates: migrate/migrar; sounds/los<br />

sonidos; incredible/increíble; protect/<br />

proteger.<br />

Pair ELLs with fluent English speakers<br />

during partner discussions and activities.<br />

Provide academic sentence frames to<br />

help ELLs summarize and synthesize<br />

information from the big book. (See<br />

suggested sentence frames provided.)<br />

Comprehension Quick-Check<br />

During the Summarize and Synthesize<br />

activity, note which students are and<br />

are not able to identify and discuss the<br />

problems and solutions. Say: To identify<br />

problems and solutions, you need to<br />

focus on the main ideas and details that<br />

you read about whooping cranes. What<br />

problems do whooping cranes have?<br />

How have people helped to solve those<br />

problems? How does our Problem and<br />

Solution Chart help you identify main<br />

ideas and details?<br />

During independent student conferences,<br />

review the Problem and Solution Chart<br />

with students and review how it helps<br />

them understand main ideas and<br />

supporting details.<br />

Summarize and Synthesize Information: Explore Concepts<br />

Using a Problem and Solution Chart<br />

Display a Problem and Solution Chart (BLM 5) for Bringing Back the<br />

Whooping Crane.<br />

Lead a discussion to refine and synthesize students’ understanding of why<br />

whooping cranes were in danger and what was done to save them.<br />

Have students read each problem and discuss its solution. Write the solution<br />

on the chart.<br />

When the chart is complete, invite students to share their understanding of<br />

the problems and solutions. You can scaffold their responses by providing the<br />

following academic sentence frames:<br />

One problem that endangered whooping cranes was .<br />

One solution to that problem was to .<br />

Connect and transfer. Say: We focused on identifying main ideas about why<br />

whooping cranes became endangered and how to save them. We used details<br />

to help us figure out the main ideas. You can do this whenever you read<br />

nonfiction. Asking questions can help you identify main ideas and supporting<br />

details.<br />

Problem<br />

Hunters shot whooping<br />

cranes, and people took<br />

their eggs.<br />

Problem<br />

In the 1980s, there<br />

was only one flock of<br />

whooping cranes left.<br />

Problem<br />

Chicks did not know how<br />

to migrate.<br />

Solution<br />

Whooping cranes became<br />

an endangered species.<br />

People could not hunt<br />

them or take their eggs.<br />

Solution<br />

The International<br />

Whooping Crane<br />

Recovery Team started<br />

to hatch eggs to make<br />

more flocks.<br />

Solution<br />

People used ultralight<br />

aircraft to teach the chicks<br />

to migrate.<br />

Sample Problem and Solution Chart Annotations (BLM 5)<br />

12<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day Four<br />

Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 m i n u t e s)<br />

Based on students’ instructional reading levels, select titles that provide<br />

opportunities for students to practice identifying main ideas and details.<br />

See the list provided on the Unit at a Glance chart.<br />

Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the<br />

Teacher’s Guide for each text.<br />

Individual Student Conferences (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Confer with individual students on their text selections and application of<br />

strategies. Use the Reading Conference Note-Taking Form to help guide your<br />

conferences.<br />

Phonics Workshop (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Use the Day 4 instruction provided in SpiralUp Phonics Skill Bag 2.<br />

Oral Language Extension<br />

During independent workstation time,<br />

invite pairs of students to share the<br />

academic vocabulary words they explored<br />

at home. Ask them to use the following<br />

sentence frames as they discuss their<br />

words:<br />

Whooping cranes are an endangered<br />

species because .<br />

Whooping cranes are hatched in<br />

captivity so .<br />

A flock of whooping cranes follows the<br />

.<br />

Home/School Connection<br />

You may wish to have students take<br />

home a copy of the Endangered Animal<br />

Concept Web (BLM 1) and record or<br />

draw their own ideas about endangered<br />

animals based on their understanding of<br />

the big book concepts. Use this activity as<br />

an informal assessment of students’ text<br />

comprehension.<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 13


Day Five<br />

Read-Aloud (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Revisit the week’s read-alouds to make text-to-text connections and provide<br />

opportunities for reader response. Use the suggested activities in the<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> Overview, or implement ideas of your own.<br />

Mini-Lessons (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Shared Writing: Use Main Ideas and Supporting Details to<br />

Write a Personal Narrative<br />

Nonfiction Big Book<br />

Lesson Objectives<br />

Students will:<br />

• Use main ideas and supporting<br />

details to write about a whooping<br />

crane.<br />

Related <strong>Resources</strong><br />

• Endangered Animal Concept Web<br />

(BLM 1)<br />

• Identify Main Idea and Supporting<br />

Details (BLM 3)<br />

• Problem and Solution Chart<br />

(BLM 5)<br />

Say: Let’s look at our Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details graphic<br />

organizer and our Problem and Solution Chart. We learned many details<br />

about why whooping cranes became endangered and how we can help them.<br />

We can use this information to write a story.<br />

Say: Let’s pretend that we are whooping cranes. We want to write a story<br />

about something special that happened to us. We could write about the day<br />

we hatched from our eggs, or we could write about learning to migrate. What<br />

else could we write about?<br />

Work with students to decide on what experience to write about. As a group,<br />

decide on a title for your writing.<br />

Help students construct a strong opening sentence for their story. Ask: What<br />

could you write to get people to want to keep reading?<br />

Help students use details from the charts to create sentences describing the<br />

experience. Prompt students with questions like: What might happen to the<br />

whooping cranes? What would they see and hear? How would they feel?<br />

Write students’ sentences on chart paper.<br />

Reread the sentences with students, inviting them to think about the order<br />

of events in the story. Remind students that writers often use a sequence-ofevents<br />

text structure.<br />

Model how writers edit and revise their work by checking spelling,<br />

punctuation, and grammar.<br />

Display your class story on a classroom or corridor wall to share with others.<br />

Connect and transfer. Say: We have just used the sequence-of-events text<br />

structure to write a story about a whooping crane. Remember to use this text<br />

structure whenever you need to tell about events that happen in order.<br />

14<br />

<strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC


Day Five<br />

Pages 2–3<br />

Main Idea<br />

You probably have not<br />

seen a whooping crane.<br />

Pages 4–9<br />

Main Idea<br />

The cranes disappeared<br />

for three main reasons.<br />

Pages 10–13<br />

Main Idea<br />

People are trying to save<br />

whooping cranes.<br />

Pages 14–17<br />

Main Idea<br />

You need to teach<br />

cranes to migrate.<br />

Details<br />

a few hundred now;<br />

60 years ago, only 20<br />

Details<br />

loss of habitat,<br />

overhunting, egg<br />

collecting<br />

Details<br />

declared endangered<br />

and illegal to hunt;<br />

started recovery team<br />

Details<br />

teach young birds to<br />

follow ultralight<br />

Sample Identify Main Idea and Supporting Details Annotations (BLM 3)<br />

Small-Group Reading Instruction (60 m i n u t e s)<br />

Writing Model<br />

Flying Home!<br />

Hi! My name is Whoop.<br />

I’m a whooping crane.<br />

I was born in captivity.<br />

That means that I did<br />

not have a mom. When<br />

I hatched, though, I heard<br />

a mom. I heard another<br />

sound, too. It was an<br />

ultralight aircraft. You<br />

might wonder why I<br />

heard that sound! Well,<br />

in winter, I need to migrate<br />

south. Most birds follow<br />

their moms, but I don’t have<br />

a mom. So last winter, I<br />

followed the ultralight all<br />

the way to Florida. Now I’m<br />

here in the sunny, warm<br />

weather. Next spring, I<br />

will fly back home.<br />

Based on students’ instructional reading levels, select titles that provide<br />

opportunities for students to practice identifying main ideas and details. See<br />

the list provided on the Unit at a Glance chart.<br />

Use the before-, during-, and after-reading instruction provided in the<br />

Teacher’s Guide for each text.<br />

Individual Student Conferences (10 m i n u t e s)<br />

Confer with individual students on their text selections and application of<br />

strategies. Use the Reading Conference Note-Taking Form to help guide your<br />

conferences.<br />

Phonics Workshop (20 m i n u t e s)<br />

Use the Day 5 instruction provided in SpiralUp Phonics Skill Bag 2.<br />

©2011 <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Education</strong> <strong>Company</strong>, LLC <strong>Benchmark</strong> <strong>Literacy</strong> • Grade 2 • Unit 1/Week 2 15

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