Traffic restrictions, but no for NGVs - Vehicles

38 June 2006 Gas Vehicles ReportWorldwide fuel pricesCountryPremium RegularGasoline Gasoline(Euro/litre)(Euro/litre)Diesel(Euro/litre)CNG(Euro/m3)CNG priceequivalent perlitre gasolineCNG priceequivalent perlitre dieselArgentina 0.51 0.46 0.39 0.18 0.16 0.18Armenia 0.67 0.62 0.53 0.24 0.22 0.25Austria (a,c) 1.19 1.17 1.10 0.77 0.69 0.79Bangladesh 0.52 0.49 0.34 0.10 0.09 0.10Belarus 0.51 0.41 0.25 0.22 0.26Belgium 1.40 1.30 1.00 0.50 0.45 0.51Bolivia 0.55 0.41 0.18 0.16 0.18Bosnia & Herzegovina (d) 0.81 0.64 0.74 0.25 0.22 0.26Brazil (b,e) 0.97 0.61 0.46 0.41 0.47Bulgaria (a, f) 0.90 0.83 0.80 0.35 0.33 0.37Canada 0.41 0.32 0.21 0.19 0.22Chile (g) 0.58 0.56 0.36 0.23 0.21 0.24China 0.48 0.43 0.40 0.26 0.23 0.27Colombia 0.53 0.40 0.27 0.22 0.20 0.23Croatia (a, h) 1.08 1.13 1.00 0.33 0.30 0.34Czech Republic (i) 0.93 0.81 0.90 0.57 0.51 0.58Egypt (b) 0.19 0.13 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.06Finland (j) 1.23 1.20 0.97 0.66 0.59 0.68France 1.08 1.08 0.79 0.69 0.62 0.71Germany (a) 1.25 1.22 1.10 0.70 0.54 0.72Iceland (k) 1.65 1.50 1.46 1.19 1.07 1.22India 0.72 0.69 0.49 0.24 0.22 0.25Indonesia 0.47 0.37 0.40 0.15 0.13 0.15Iran (l) 0.10 0.07 0.016 0.018 0.016 0.017Italy (m) 1.29 1.26 1.17 0.50 0.47 0.52Japan (n) 0.98 0.89 0.67 0.52 0.40 0.44Korea (b) 1.26 0.98 0.44 0.39 0.45Latvia 0.76 0.70 0.62 0.23 0.21 0.24Liechtenstein 0.95 0.93 0.95 0.80 0.72 0.82Luxembourg 1.09 1.07 0.88 0.58 0.52 0.60Malaysia (o) 0.37 0.35 0.29 0.15 0.13 0.15Mexico 0.49 0.43 0.36 0.21 0.19 0.22Moldova 0.50 0.43 0.18 0.16 0.18Netherlands (a) 1.45 1.40 1.12 0.43 0.39 0.44New Zealand (p) 0.68 0.65 0.42 0.37 0.33 0.38Norway 1.24 1.20 1.03 0.46 0.41 0.47Pakistan (a) 0.88 0.79 0.52 0.30 0.27 0.31Philippines 0.62 0.57 0.53 0.24 0.22 0.25Poland (q) 0.95 0.91 0.85 0.29 0.26 0.30Portugal (r) 1.13 1.07 0.78 0.55 0.49 0.56Russia 0.56 0.50 0.45 0.18 0.16 0.18Serbia & Montenegro (a, s) 1.08 0.96 0.83 0.22 0.20 0.23Singapore (a, t) 0.77 0.86 0.53 0.33 0.30 0.34Slovakia (u) 0.97 1.05 1.03 0.43 0.39 0.44Spain (v) 1.12 1.02 0.96 0.56 0.44 0.49Sweden (w) 1.20 1.18 1.04 0.83 0.93Switzerland (a, x) 1.13 1.04 1.11 0.79 0.67 0.75Tajikistan 0.55 0.45 0.21 0.19 0.22Thailand (a, y) 0.59 0.57 0.55 0.18 0.16 0.18Trinidad & Tobago 0.39 0.35 0.19 0.14 0.13 0.14Turkey (z) 1.61 1.60 1.26 0.75 0.65 0.73Ukraine 0.44 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.13 0.15United Kingdom (a1) 1.40 1.37 1.31 0.64 0.57 0.66U.S.A. (b1) 0.59 0.60 0.45 0.40 0.46Venezuela 0.10 0.046 0.06 0.002 0.002 0.002Ratio price differential of NG to other fuelsCountryCNG / Premium CNG / Regular CNGGasoline Gasoline DieselArgentina 31.6% 40.1% 47.4%Armenia 32.1% 34.7% 46.5%Austria 58.0% 59.0% 71.8%Bangladesh 17.2% 18.3% 30.2%Belarus 43.9% 62.6%Belgium 32.0% 34.5% 51.3%Bolivia 29.3% 45.0%Bosnia & Herzegovina 27.6% 35.0% 34.7%Brazil 42.5% 77.4%Bulgaria 36.8% 39.9% 46.2%Canada 45.9% 67.3%Chile 35.5% 36.8% 65.6%China 48.5% 54.2% 66.7%Colombia 37.2% 49.3% 83.6%Croatia 27.4% 26.2% 33.9%Czech Republic 54.9% 63.0% 65.0%Egypt 28.3% 41.3% 77.0%Finland 48.1% 49.3% 69.8%France 57.2% 57.2% 89.6%Germany 43.2% 44.3% 65.3%Iceland 64.6% 71.1% 83.6%India 29.9% 31.2% 50.3%Indonesia 28.6% 36.3% 38.5%Iran 16.3% 23.4% 109.0%Italy 36.3% 37.1% 44.6%Japan 40.8% 44.9% 65.8%Korea 31.3% 46.1%Latvia 27.1% 29.4% 38.1%Liechtenstein 75.4% 77.1% 86.4%Luxembourg 47.7% 48.6% 67.6%Malaysia 36.3% 38.4% 53.1%Mexico 38.4% 43.8% 59.9%Moldova 32.3% 43.0%Netherlands 26.6% 27.5% 39.4%New Zealand 48.7% 51.0% 90.4%Norway 33.2% 34.3% 45.8%Pakistan 30.5% 34.0% 59.2%Philippines 34.7% 37.7% 46.5%Poland 27.3% 28.5% 35.0%Portugal 43.6% 46.0% 72.3%Russia 28.8% 32.3% 41.0%Serbia & Montenegro 18.2% 20.5% 27.2%Singapore 38.4% 34.4% 63.9%Slovakia 39.7% 36.7% 42.8%Spain 39.2% 43.1% 50.8%Sweden 69.0% 78.7%Switzerland 59.7% 64.8% 67.9%Tajikistan 34.2% 47.9%Thailand 27.3% 28.3% 33.4%Trinidad & Tobago 32.2% 35.8% 75.6%Turkey 40.6% 40.9% 57.8%Ukraine 30.5% 33.6% 38.5%United Kingdom 41.0% 41.8% 50.1%U.S.A. 68.1% 76.7%Venezuela 1.8% 3.9% 3.4%Notes: (a): In these countries the local gauge unit isEuro/kg, the conversion factor depends on the normaldensity of gaseous natural gas in each country. (b): InBrasil, Korea and Egypt diesel is only allowed in heavyduty engines, buses and trucks. (c): In Austria, the fueltaxes since 1-1-2004 are 0.066 Euro/m3 for CNG,0.302 Euro/lt for diesel (containing max. 10mg/kgsulphur) and 0.417 Euro/litre for unleaded gasoline.(d): VAT and additional fuel taxes are included in premiumand regular gasoline price. For CNG price, VAT isalready included; there is no additional tax for CNG. (e):Premium and regular gasoline contain 25% alcohol.The price of aditive gasoline is 0.67 Euro/litre. Alcoholfor vehicles cost is 0.33 Euro/litre. (f): Bulgarian CNGprice is 0,45 Euro/kg. The normal density of CNG inBulgaria is 0.71 kg/Nm3, the energy content is 9.3kWH/Nm3. Gasoline energy conten is 8.79 kWH/litreand 9.83kWH/litre for diesel. (g): Exclusive annual taxi'spatent fee. Private owners = 786 US$/year (647Euro/year).Commercial fleet= 360 US$/year (296 Euro/year).,(h):Normal density of CNG in Croatia is0.753 kg/m3. CNG price in October 2005 is 0.43 Euro/kg.(i): The excise tax for premium gasoline is not yetincorporated. The excise taxes for regular gasoline,diesel and CNG are included. Also, 22% VAT is includedin the CNG price. (j): In May 2005, CNG price isfirst made public in Finland. Before, CNG is only sold toprivate fleets. (k): Diesel retail price is inclusive VAT butno other taxes. Owners of diesel vehicles must pay anextra tax, which depends on the vehicle weight and themileage. For trucks, total fuel price for diesel ends uplower than CNG. In July 2005, diesel tax will be incorporatedin the retail price. Service fee is already includedin all fuels except in the premium gasoline price. (l):Iranian fuel energy contents: CNG= 13.9kWH/kg =10.78kWH/m3; diesel = 10.44 kWH/litre; gasoline =9.79kWH/litre. The normal density of CNG is0.775kg/Nm3. (m): Italian CNG's normal density is 0.72kg/Nm3. CNG price is 0.70 Euro/kg. The energy contentsare: CNG=9.3kWh/m3 and 13 kEh/kg; diesel=9.7kWh/lt; gasoline=8.7 kWh/lt. (n): The 5% VAT is not yetincluded. Normally, CNG price depends on the consumptionvolume of the customers. (o): In Malaysia, CNG ismeasured/sold in a litre equivalent gasoline. (p): CNGprices in New Zealand are between 0.89-0.98 NZ$/kg(0.35-0.38 Euro/m3) (q): There is no excise duty onCNG consumption. VAT is included in the CNG price. (r):The market was liberalised on January 1st, 2004. CNGprice increased from 0.45 Euro/m3 to 0.55 Euro/m3(s): The normal density of 1 Nm3 CNG is 0,76 kg in Serbiaand Montenegro. (t): The normal density of 1 Nm3CNG in Singapore is 0.76 kg (u): Slovak's fuel retail pricesinclude 19% VAT (v): The normal density of 1 Nm3CNG in Spain is 0.796 kg; fuel energy content (pcs) ofCNG is 11.77kWh/Nm3=14.79kWh/kg; for diesel is10.26kWh/litre and for gasoline is 9.23kWh/litre. CNGprice in Sept. 05 was 0.756 Euro/kg. LNG price was3.47 Euro/kg without transport (0.234 Euro/kWH). (w): The annual road tax in Sweden is about 500Euro higher for diesel cars (varies by vehicle weight) thanfor gasoline cars. This higher road tax compensates lowerfuel taxes on diesel. CNG cars have the same annualroad tax as gasoline cars. CNG energy content is 11,05kWh/Nm3, gasoline = 8.8 kWh/litre, diesel = 9.87 kWh-/litre, biogas = 9.77 kWh/litre. (x):The normal density ofSwiss biogas and CNG is 0.79 kg/m3. Energy content ofCNG is 10.3kWH/Nm3 and 13.04kWh/kg, 1 litre dieselis 9.83kWh/litre and 1 litre gasoline is 8.79kWh/litre.Biogas price in January 2006 was 0.89 (Euro/kg) =0.70 Euro/Nm^3 = 0.61 Euro/litre equivalent gasoline =0.66 Euro/litre equivalent diesel. (y): Thai's CNG normaldensity is 0.73 kg/Nm3. (z): All taxes included. Fuelenergy content in Turkey: CNG = 10.24 kWH/Nm3; diesel= 9.95kWH/litre; gasoline = 8.93 kWH/litre; LPG =Notes: This calculation in this table was made based on the ratiobetween CNG and the respective oil prices. Also, the energy contentof each fuels in each country was taken into consideration.Assumption made for fuel price calculationCH4 content in natural gas is 97%CNG energy content is 9.6 kWh/Nm3Gasoline energy content is 8.6 kWh/litreDiesel energy content is 9.85 kWH/litreThese conversion units are used in CNG price equivalent to gasolineand diesel, except the exact units of each countries are notifiedin the foot notes.Fuel price fluctuation in 2005In Germany, market leader oil Company Aral increased 106 timesand decreased 93 times gasoline price.Shell increased fuel prices 63 times and decreased the prices54 times in the Netherlands.The highest advice price for gasoline was 1.46 Euro in Germany,and 1.55 Euro for The Netherlands.7.15kWH/litre. LPG price is 0.75 Euro/litre in November 2005. Normaldensity of CNG is 0.7172 kg/Nm3. (a1): VAT inclusive. The taxes are0.69 Euro/litre for ultralow sulphur unleaded petrol/diesel, 0.75 Euro-/litre for conventional unleaded petrol, 0.77 Euro/litre for diesel, 0.39Euro/litre for bio-diesl and bio-ethanol, and 0.09 Euro/Nm3 for CNG.The normal density of British CNG is 0.73 kg/Nm3 (b1): The local gaugesin the US are gallon (diesel and gasoline) and GGE (gallon equivalentgasoline for CNG). The conversion factor is 1 US gallon = 3.79 litre.