Socio Economic & Caste Census 2011 in Rural India - Ministry of ...

xzkeh.k Hkkjr esa lkekftdvkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjrtux.kuk 2011SOCIO ECONOMIC &CASTE CENSUS 2011IN RURAL INDIAxzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky;Hkkjr ljdkjMinistry of Rural DevelopmentGOVERNMENT OF INDIA

xzkeh.k Hkkjr esalkekftd vkfFkZd,oa tkfr vk/kkfjrtux.kuk 201125 tqykbZ 2011xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky;Hkkjr ljdkj1

izLrkoukns”k esa tkfrokj tula[;k ds vuqeku yxkus vkSj xjhch js[kk ls uhps jgus okysifjokjksa dk irk yxkus ds laca/k esa turk dh cgqr vf/kd :fp jgh gSA xjhch js[kkls uhps jgus okys ifjokjksa dk irk yxkus ds fy, fiNyh dk;Zokgh lu~ 2002 esa dh xbZ]ysfdu mldh dbZ lhek,a FkhAvc] xzkeh.k fodkl ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj] twu] 2011 vkSj fnlEcj] 2011 ds chplkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk ¼,l-bZ-lh-lh½ 2011 dk dk;Z dj jgkgSA igyh ckj Hkkjr ds xzkeh.k vkSj “kgjh nksuksa {ks=ksa ds fy, brus cM+s iSekus ij dk;ZokbZdh tk jgh gSA,l-bZ-lh-lh- 2011 ds fuEufyf[kr rhu mÌs”; gSa%&1. ?kj&?kj tkdj lkekftd&vkfFkZd x.kuk djuk ftlls ifjokjksa dhlkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij muds Lrj dk irk yx tk,xkArc jkT; ljdkjsa xjhch&js[kk ls uhps jgus okys ifjokjksa dh lwph rS;kj djldsaxhA2. izkekf.kd lwpuk miyC/k djkuk] ftlls ns”k dh tkfrokj tula[;k dh x.kuk gksldsA3. fofHkUu tkfr;ksa dh lkekftd&vkfFkZd fLFkfr vkSj fofHkUu tkfr;ksa vkSj tula[;k dsfofHkUu oxksZa dh “kS{kf.kd fLFkfr ds laca/k esa izkekf.kd lwpuk miyC/k djkukA2002 ds ch-ih-,y- losZ{k.k dh dfe;ksa ij ,l-bZ-lh-lh- 2011 esa foLr`r :i ls /;kufn;k tk jgk gSA ,l-bZ-lh-lh- 2011 esa%& lkjk dk;Z fcuk dkxt&i= ds gS.MgsYM bysDVªksfud fMokbt+¼VscysV ih-lh-½ ij fd;k tk,xkA blls vkadM+k izfof’V esa xyfr;k¡ vkSjizx.kd ds Lofu.kZ; esa cgqr vf/kd deh vk,xhA lkjh lwpuk iw.kZr% vk/kkj vkSj ,u-ih-vkj ds vuqdwy gksxhA2

;g lqfuf”pr~ djus ds fy, fd fdlh izdkj dh xyr lwpuk u nh tk,]x.kuk pj.k ls xzke lHkk ds Lrj ij turk }kjk tk¡p& lHkh Lrjksa ij tk¡piM+rky dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA vf/kdka”k tkudkjh lkoZtfud :i ls miyC/k djk;h tk,xhAbl iqfLrdk esa ,l-bZ-lh-lh- 2011 dks of.kZr fd;k x;k gSA pw¡fd] ;g xzkeh.k Hkkjr lslacaf/kr gS] vr% blesa lk/kkj.k Hkk’kk esa iwjh dk;Zokgh fufnZ’V dh xbZ gSAt;jke jes”k t;jke jes”kxzkeh.k fodkl ea=hHkkjr ljdkj3

izk;% iwNs tkus okys iz”u1. lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 D;k gS\Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk ns”k Hkj ds ifjokjksa ls lacaf/kr lkekftd vkfFkZd ladsrdksa dh fo”kkyla[;k ij tkudkjh ,d= djus ds fy, lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk2011 djkbZ tk jgh gSA blds rhu egRoiw.kZ ifj.kke gkasxs% igyk] lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 ifjokjksa dksmudh lkekftd vkfFkZd fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij jSad iznku djsxh ftllsjkT;@la?k jkT;{ks= ljdkjsa ;FkkFkZ :i ls xzkeh.k rFkk “kgjh {ks=ksa esa xjhch js[kk lsuhps jg jgs ifjokjksa dh ,d lwph rS;kj dj ldsxhA nwljk] blls ns”k esa tula[;k ds tkfrokj C;ksjksa dh izekf.kd tkudkjh miyC/k gksldsxhA rhljk] ;g fofHkUu tkfr;ksa dk lkekftd vkfFkZd fooj.k iznku djsxhAlkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 Hkkjr ljdkj ds rduhdh rFkk foRrh;lg;ksx ds lkFk jkT; ljdkj rFkk la?k jkT;{ks= iz”kklu }kjk xzkeh.k rFkk “kgjh {ks=ksa dsfy, ,d lkFk vk;ksftr dh tk jgh gSA2. lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 D;ksa djkbZ tk jghgS\ lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 ifjokjkas dks mudh lkekftdvkfFkZd fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij ;FkkFkZr% ls jSad iznku djsxh tks fd xjhch dh js[kk lsuhps jg jgs ifjokjksa dh igpku dk vk/kkj gksxkA4

lls ljdkjh ;kstukvksa dks lgh ykHkkFkhZ rd igq¡pkus esa lgk;rk feysxh vkSj ;glqfuf”pr gksxk fd lHkh lqik= ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks ykHk igq¡ps rFkk vik= ykHkkFkhZ budk ykHkugha ys ik,aA vR;f/kd oafpr ds :i esa igpkus x, ifjokjksa dks ljdkjh dY;k.k ;kstukvksa ds varxZrlokZf/kd izkFkfedrk ds lkFk “kkfey fd;k tk,xkA xjhch js[kk ls uhps jg jgs yksxksa dh igpku dk dk;Z fiNyh ckj lu~ 2002 esa fd;kx;k FkkA blls feyh lh[k ds vk/kkj ij dk;Z i)fr dks O;kid :i ls la”kksf/krfd;k x;k rkfd lEiw.kZ dojst] lqfuf”pr ikjnf”kZrk vkSj lkekftd vkfFkZd iSekuksa dsvk/kkj ij ifjokjksa dh igpku dk mÌs”; izkIr fd;k tk ldsA3. lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 dc izkjaHk gksxh\ lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk] twu] 2011 vkSj 31 fnlEcj] 2011ds e/; vk;ksftr dh tk jgh gSA bls 29 twu] 2011 dks if”peh f=iqjk ds gktheksjk [kaM esa “kq: fd;k x;k Fkk4. lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 vkSj ;kstuk vk;ksx}kjk yxk, x, xjhch vuqekuksa esa D;k vraj gS\;kstuk vk;ksx fofHkUu jkT;ksa@la?k jkT;{ks=ksa esa xjhch js[kk ls uhps jg jgh xzkeh.k rFkk “kgjhtula[;k dh izfr”krrk ds vuqeku miyC/k djkrk gSA vFkkZr~ ;g vuqeku yxkrk gS fdxjhch “fdruh” gSA nwljh vksj lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 ;gtkudkjh iznku djsxh fd “dkSu” lh tula[;k xjhch js[kk ls uhps jg jgh gSA bl izdkjmnkgj.k ds fy,] fdlh jkT; ds laca/k esa ;kstuk vk;ksx ds tula[;k ds xjhch dh js[kk lsuhps jg jgs vuqeku xzkeh.k tula[;k ds fy, 55% vkSj “kgjh tula[;k ds fy, 30% gksldrs gSaA lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 ;g igpku djus esa leFkZcuk;sxh fd fdlh fof”k’V jkT; esa dkSu ls ifjokj Øe”k% 55% vkSj 30% esa “kkfey gSaA5

ds nkSjku rS;kj ekufp= rFkk laf{kIr edkulwph dh izfr;ka miyC/k djkbZ tk,axhA blls{ks= dk lEiw.kZ dojst lqfuf”pr gksxkA lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011 ds fy, izx.kdksa dks izf”kf{krfd;k tk,xkA izR;sd izx.kd dks pkj x.kuk CykWd fn, tk,axs vkSj izR;sd 6 izx.kdksa ij ,d i;Zos{kdgksxkA izx.kd x.kuk CykWd esa vfHkKkr izR;sd ifjokj dk nkSjk djsxk vkSj iz”ukoyh dks HkjsxkAos cs?kj tula[;k ¼mnkgj.kkFkZ jsyos LVs”ku] lM+d ds fdukjs] vkfn LFkkuksa ij jg jgsyksx½ ds ikl Hkh tk,axsA izR;sd izx.kd ds lkFk ,d MkVk ,UVªh vkWijsVj jgsxkA ;g MkVk ,d bysDVªkfud gSUM gsYM fMokbl ¼,d VscysV ihlh½ esalh/ks fy;k tk,xkA gSUM gsYM fMokbl esa jk’Vªh; tula[;k jftLVj gsrq Hkjs x, QkeksZadh LdSu best izfo’V gksaxhA blls Hkh lEiw.kZ rFkk ;Fks’V dojst lqfuf”pr~ gksxhA tkudkjh ¼VscysV ihlh esa lekfo’V½ mÙkjnkrk dks i

7. ;g izfØ;k xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa fdl izdkj vH;kl esa ykbZ tk,sxh\izx.kd x.kuk CykWd ds izR;sd ifjokj ls iz”u iwNukx.kuk CykWd ds vkadM+kas dks ,d= djuklkekftd vkfFkZd ekudksa ds vk/kkj ij Lor% gh lwph ls gVk, tkus okys ifjokjksa dhigpku dh tk ldsxhlkekftd vkfFkZd ekudksa ds vk/kkj ij Lor% gh lwph esa “kkfey fd, tkus okys ifjokjksadh igpku dh tk ldsxh“ks’k ifjokjksa ds oapu dk ewY;kadu djukLor% “kkfey gksus vkSj oapd dkjdksa ds vk/kkj ij ifjokjksa dks jSad nsukjkT; Lrjh; jSafdx rS;kj djukjSafdx fyLV dks jkT; ljdkjksa dks lkSaiukN=d ds :i esa jkT; ljdkjksa }kjk ;kstuk vk;ksx ds xjhch ds vuqekuksa dk mi;ksx8

8. xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa ifjokjksa dks fdl izdkj jSad fn;k tk,xk\ifjokjksa dks rhu Lrjh; izfØ;k }kjk jSad fn;k tk,xka. ifjokjksa dk ,d lewg Lor% vyx gks tk,xkfuEufyf[kr esa ls cus fdlh Hkh ,d ds /kkjd ifjokj Lor% vyx gks tk;saxsa%eksVj pkfyr nksifg;k@frifg;k@pkj ifg;ksa okys okgu@eNyh idM+us dh ukoAe”khu pkfyr rhu@pkj ifg;ksa okys —f’k midj.kA50 gtkj vkSj blls vf/kd dh ekud lhek ds fdlku ØsfMV dkMZAljdkjh lsod okys fdlh lnL; ds ifjokjAljdkj esa iath—r xSj&—f’k m|ksx okys ifjokjAifjokj dk dksbZ lnL; 10,000 :i, izfr ekl ls vf/kd dekrk gSAvk;dj vnk djrs gSaAO;kolkf;d dj vnk djrs gSAlHkh dejksa esa iDdh nhokjsa vkSj Nr ds lkFk rhu vFkok vf/kd dejsAjsfQztjsVj gSAySaMykbu Qksu gSAde ls de 1 flapkbZ midj.k ds lkFk 2.5 ,dM+ vFkok blls vf/kd flafpr Hkwfe gSAnks vFkok mlls vf/kd Qly ds ekSle ds fy, 5 ,dM+ vFkok blls vf/kd flafpr Hkwfe gSAde ls de ,d flapkbZ midj.k ds lkFk de ls de 7.5 ,dM+ vFkok blls vf/kd Hkwfe gSAb. ifjokjksa dk ,d lewg Lor% 'kkfey gks tk,xkfuEufyf[kr fLFkfr okyk ifjokj Lor% 'kkfey gks tk;sxk%cs?kj ifjokjfujkfJr@fHk{kqdeSyk

c- ckdh cps ifjokjksa dks lkr oapu lwpdkadks dk iz;ksx djrs gq, jSad fn;k tk,xkAlcls vf/kd oapu Ldksj okys ifjokj dks xjhch js[kk ls uhps okys ifjokjksa dh lwphesa 'kkfey djus ds fy, lcls mPp izkFkfedrk nh tk,xhAfuEufyf[kr oapu lwpdkad gSa% dPph nhokjksa vkSj dPph Nr ds lkFk dsoy ,d dejs esa jgus okys ifjokjA ifjokj esa 16 ls 59 o’kZ ds chp dh vk;q dk dksbZ o;Ld lnL; ugha gSA efgyk eqf[k;k okys ifjokj ftlesa 16 ls 59 o’kZ ds chp dh vk;q dk dksbZ o;Ld iq:’klnL; ugha gSA fu%”kDr lnL; okys vkSj fdlh l{ke “kjhj okys o;Ld lnL; ls jfgr ifjokjA vuq-tk-@vuq-t-tk- ifjokj ,sls ifjokj tgka 25 o’kZ ls vf/kd vk;q dk dksbZ o;Ld lk{kj ugha gSA Hkwfeghu ifjokj tks viuh T;knkrj dekbZ fngkM+h etnwjh ls izkIr djrs gSaA9. xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa tkudkjh dkSu ,df=r djsxk\ izR;sd x.kuk CykWd esa jkT; ljdkj }kjk fu;qDr izx.kd ;g dk;Z djsxkA mlds lkFk,d MkVk ,aVªh vkijsVj gksxkA izx.kd vius lkFk jkT; izkf/kdkjh }kjk tkjh viuk fu;qfDr izek.k&i= vkSj igpkui= ysdj vk,xkA blds vykok] O;fDrxr foosdkf/kdkj dh dksbZ laHkkouk u NksM+rs gq,izx.kd ds lkFk xzke iapk;r] xzke lHkk dk izfrfuf/k vkSj dksbZ vU; ukxfjd gks ldrkgS rkfd vkadM+s fu’i{k vkSj ikjn”khZ rjhds ls ,df=r fd;s tkus lqfuf”pr~ gksaA ;g /;ku nsa fd f”k{kk dk vf/kdkj vf/kfu;e] 2009 }kjk izfrca/k yxk;s tkus ds dkj.kbl iz;kstu ds fy, izkFkfed fo|ky; f”k{kdksa dh lsok;sa izkIr ugha dh tk ldrh gSaA10

10. tkudkjh fdl izdkj ,df=r dh tk,xh\ izx.kd vius ikl j[kh iz”ukoyh esa ls mÙkjnkrk ls iz”u iwNsxkA MkVk ,aVªh vkijsVjmu mÙkjksa dks gLrpkfyr bySDVªkfud midj.k ¼VscysV ih-lh-½ esa ntZ djsxkA mÙkjnkrk dks vius }kjk nh tk jgh tkudkjh ds leFkZu esa dksbZ nLrkost+h lk{; ughafn[kkuk gSA rFkkfi] mÙkjnkrk ls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd og lgh vkSj izekf.kdtkudkjh ns ftldk izx.kd }kjk lR;kiu fd;k tk ldrk gSA vkadM+s ,d=.k dk dk;Z iwjk gks tkus ds ckn izx.kd vius vkSj MkVk ,UVªh vkijsVj}kjk gLrk{kfjr ikorh jlhn mÙkjnkrk dks nsxkA izx.kd mÙkjnkrk ds edku dh ckgjh nhokj ij LVhdj fpidk;sxkA11. xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa fdl rjg dh tkudkjh ,df=r dh tk,xh\tkudkjh O;fDr vkSj ifjokj ds lanHkZ esa ,df=r dh tk,xh ftlesa fuEufyf[kr “kkfeygS%& O;olk; f”k{kk fu%”kDrrk /keZ vuq-tk-@vuq-t-tk- fLFkfr tkfr@tutkfr dk uke jkst+xkj vk; vkSj vk; dk lk/ku ifjlEifÙk;k¡ edku fVdkÅ vkSj xSj&fVdkÅ miHkksDrk lkeku Hkwfe11

12. xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa dkSu ls vkadM+s miyC/k djk;s tk;saxs vkSj dgk¡ ij\elkSnk izdk”ku lwph dk eqnz.k djus ds i”pkr~ ifjokj }kjk vius /keZ vkSj tkfr ds ukeds ckjs esa nh xbZ tkudkjh dks NksM+dj vU; lHkh vkadM+s] xzkelHkk vkSj iapk;r esa i

EklkSnk lwph ds izdk”ku ds ,d lIrkg ds Hkhrj xzke lHkk dh cSBd dh tk,xhA xzkelHkk dh cSBd esa izR;sd ifjokj ds uke vkSj mÙkj Ik

lkekftd vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk ¼,l-bZ-lh-lh-½ 2011] ] ch-ih-,y tux.kuk 2002 ls fdl izdkj csgrj gS\1. mi;ksx esa yk,x, ekin.M2. vkdM+ks dklR;kiu vkSj turk}kjk tkapch-ih-,y- 2002 ,l-bZ-lh-lh- 2011 ch-ih-,y- 2002 ds lUnHkZ esyk, x, uokpkj13 lkekftd&vkfFkZdlwpdkadks ds lkFk igpkuhxbZ ch-ih-,y- tula[;kds ifj.kkeksa esa =qfV;ksa dkcgqr vf/kd lfEeyu vkSjviotZu jgkAtkudkjh dks turk lslR;kfir ugha djk;k x;kA3. Ldksj i)fr 52 fcUnqvksa dh tfVyi)fr4. eSuqvy cukebySDVªksfud5. ,df=r vkadM+ksdh mi;ksfxrk6. tux.kuk dkizdkjvkdM+ksa dh izfof’V NisQkeksZa ls gkFk ls dh xbZdk;ZØe dh e/;LFkrk gsrqfofHkUu ea=ky;ksa dks vkadM+smiyC/k ugha djk, x,2002 dk ch- ih- ,y-,dy :Ik esa fd;k x;kch-ih-,y- tula[;k dksigpkuus okys ds fy,mi;ksx esa yk;s tk jgsekun.M ds 3 ?kVd gS%Lor% viotZuLor% lfEeyu vkSj lkroapu lwpdkadksa ds vk/kkjij jSfdaxAx.kuk Lrj ij i;Zos{kd]xzke lHkk vkSj jkT;ljdkj ds vU; dk;kZy;ksa}kjk lR;kiuvklku i)fr ds lkFkoxhZdj.k ds 4 rjhdsgSaMgsYM bysDVªksfud fMokbZl¼VscysV ih-lh-½ ls vkdM+ksadh lh/kh izfof’VvkadM+ks dk ,e- vkbZ-,l- esa izn”kZu] vk/kkj ,oa,u- ih- vkj- ds lkFkiwjh rjg vuqdqy] fofHkUuea=ky;ksa] jkT;ksa] ih- vkjvkbZ-,oa ukxfjdksa dsmi;ksx ds fy, lqyHk,l- bZ- lh- lh- 2011xzkeh.k ,oa uxjh; {ks=ksa dsfy, la;qDr :i ls tkfrdh x.kuk ds lkaFk fd;k tkjgk gSAlfEeyu@viotZu dh lhek js[kkdks dkQh gn rd de dj fn;kx;k gS% Lor% viotZu dk ekun.Mvik= ifjokjksa ds ch-ih-,y- lwph esa izos”k ikus dhlEHkkouk dks de djrk gSA Lor% lfEeyu dk ekun.Mlcls ik= ifjokjksa ds ch-ih-,y- lwph esa “kkfey gksus dhlEHkkouk dks cldrs gS%vklkuh ls dk;kZfUor fd;k tkldrk gS vklkuh ls lR;kiu]izx.kd dh viuh le> dk debLrseky] ch-ih-,ytux.kuk2002 esa iz;ksx esa yk,x, fof”k’Vlqfo/kkvksa ¼tSls “kkSpky; bR;kfn ½vk/kkfjr ekun.M dk mi;ksx ughafd;k tkrkAdkxt&eqDr i)fr n{krk c

lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa tkfr vk/kkfjr tux.kuk 2011ds fy, Hkkjr bySDVªkWfuDl fyfeVsM}kjk fodflr y?kq gLrpkfyr midj.k ¼ih-lh-½eq[; fo”ks’krk,¡ izHkkoh x.kuk dk lk/ku rFkk miyC/k midj.k bldk otu 1 fd-xzk- gS rFkk bls gLrpkfyr midj.k ds :i esa dgha Hkhys tk;k tk ldrk gS 7 bap ,y-lh-Mh- jaxhu fMLIys Vp LØhu] usfoxs”ku&dh rFkk dh&cksMZ bZFkjusV ds ek/;e ls baVjusV laidZrk] 2 ;w-,l-ch- iksVZ blds fofo/k dk;ksZa esa lksyj cSVjh dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA15

SOCIOECONOMIC &CASTE CENSUS2011IN RURAL INDIA25 th July 2011Ministry of Rural DevelopmentGOVERNMENT OF INDIA17

ForewordThere has been extensive public interest in estimating caste-wisepopulation in the country, and on identifying households livingbelow the poverty line. The last exercise to identify people living inpoverty was conducted in 2002, but had several limitations.The Ministry of Rural Development Government of India, is nowcarrying out the Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC) 2011,between June 2011 and December 2011, through a comprehensivedoor to door enumeration across the country. This is the first timesuch a comprehensive exercise is being carried out for both ruraland urban India.The SECC, 2011 has the following three objectives:1. To enable households to be ranked based on their socioeconomicstatus. State Governments can then prepare a list offamilies living below the poverty line2. To make available authentic information that will enable castewisepopulation enumeration of the country3. To make available authentic information regarding the socioeconomiccondition, and education status of various castes andsections of the populationThe shortcomings of the 2002 BPL survey are being addressedcomprehensively in the SECC, 2011: The entire exercise will be paperless, done on a handheldelectronic device (tablet PC). This will drastically reduce dataentry errors and enumerator discretion18

Checks and balances at several levels - from the enumerationstage, to public scrutiny at the Gram Sabha level – will ensurethat there is no misreportingAlmost all of the information will be made available in the publicdomainThis booklet explains the SECC,2011, as it relates to rural India,and details the entire process in simple languageJairam RameshMinister of Rural DevelopmentGovernment of India19

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQs)1. What is the Socio Economic and Caste Census(SECC) 2011?The Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC), 2011 is being carriedout by the Government of India to generate information on a largenumber of social and economic indicators relating to householdsacross the country. It will have three important outcomes: Firstly, the SECC, 2011 will rank households based on their socioeconomicstatus, so that State/Union Territory Governmentscan objectively prepare a list of families living below the povertyline in rural and urban areas Secondly, it will make available authentic information on thecaste-wise breakup of population in the country Thirdly, it will provide the socio-economic profile of variouscastesThe SECC, 2011 is being conducted simultaneously for ruraland urban areas, by the respective State Government and UnionTerritory Administration, with technical and financial support fromthe Government of India.2. Why is the SECC, 2011 being carried out? The SECC, 2011 will objectively rank households based ontheir socio-economic status, which would be the basis foridentification of households living below the poverty line20

This exercise will help to better target government schemes tothe right beneficiaries, and ensure that all eligible beneficiariesare covered, while all ineligible beneficiaries are excluded Households identified as highly deprived will have the highestinclusion priority under Government welfare schemes The last exercise to identify people living below the poverty linewas conducted in 2002. Based on the learning from this exercisethe methodology has been comprehensively revised to ensurecomplete coverage, transparency and objective identification ofhouseholds based on socio economic parameters.3. When will the SECC, 2011 take place? The SECC, 2011 is being conducted between June 2011 and 31 stDecember 2011 It was launched on 29 th June 2011 in Hazemora Block in WestTripura4. What is the difference between SECC, 2011 and thePlanning Commission estimates of poverty?The Planning Commission provides estimates of the percentageof the rural and urban population living below the poverty line indifferent States/UTs. That is, it estimates the “how much” of poverty.The SECC, 2011 on the other hand, will provide information on the“who” of the population living below the poverty line. Thus, forexample, the Planning Commission estimate for a State couldbe that say 55% of the rural population and say 30% of the urbanpopulation is living below the poverty line. SECC, 2011 will enablethat particular State to identify the households who comprise this55% and 30% respectively.21

5. Has the SECC, 2011 methodology been pilottested?Rural areas: The methodology for rural areas has beenfinalized after field testing several methodologies; and using therecommendations of the Saxena Expert Group as the referencepoint. The field testing was carried out in two stages. First, asocio-economic census of 254 villages was conducted using astructured questionnaire. Second, a participatory rural appraisal(PRA) technique was used to rank households in the same villageaccording to several well-being criteria. The results of 161 villagesspread over 29 states, covering 43,000 rural households have beenused to finalize the criteria used in the SECC, 2011 for rural areas.Urban areas: The Planning Commission appointed the HashimCommittee Expert Group to identify the methodology to conductthe SECC in urban areas. The data generated will be analyzed, andon the basis of this, the Committee will determine the methodologyfor identification of poor households in urban areas.6. What is the process of conducting the SECC, 2011in rural areas?The SECC, 2011 will be conducted through a comprehensiveprogramme involving the Ministry of Rural Development, Ministryof Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, The Office of theRegistrar General and Census Commissioner, India and the StateGovernments. The process is as follows: Each Collector/District Magistrate will formulate a District/Town Plan and a Communication Plan 24 lakh Enumeration Blocks (EB) will be used for the SECC, 2011- each Enumeration Block has roughly 125 households. Theseare the same Enumeration Blocks that were formed during theCensus 2011. The enumerators will be provided copies of thelayout maps and Abridged House List prepared during Census22

2011. This will ensure complete coverage of the area. Enumerators will be trained to conduct the SECC, 2011 Each Enumerator will be assigned 4 Enumeration Blocks, andevery 6 Enumerators will be assigned to one Supervisor Enumerators will visit every household identified in theEnumeration Block and canvas the questionnaire. They will alsoreach out to homeless populations (eg. people living in railwaystations, roadsides etc) A data entry operator will accompany each Enumerator The data will be captured directly on an electronic handhelddevice (a tablet PC). The hand held device will have the scannedimages of the forms filled up for National Population Register(NPR). This will also ensure complete and accurate coverage The information (held in the tablet PC) will be read out to therespondent, who will verify it. A printed acknowledgement slip,signed by the Enumerator and Data Entry Operator will be givento the respondent Collected data will be verified in the Panchayat After all the information is collected from an EnumerationBlock, a draft publication list will be prepared for verification Within a week of publication of the draft list, the list will be readout at the Gram Sabha in all rural areas Any person can file claims/objections and information furnishedbefore designated officers for this purpose. The draft list willbe made available at the Gram Panchayat, Block DevelopmentOffice, Charge Centre and District Collector’s Offices The list will also be uploaded on the NIC/State Government/MoRD/MoHUPA websites. This will aid transparency andincrease accountability23

7. How will the process work in practice?Enumerator will canvass questions in each household in anEnumeration BlockAggregation of Enumeration Block dataBased on the socio economic parameters, households that will beautomatically excluded will be identifiedBased on the socio economic parameters, households that will beautomatically included will be identifiedAssess deprivation of remaining householdsRank households on the basis of automatic inclusion anddeprivation indicatorsPreparation of State Level RankingRanking list to be handed over to State GovernmentsState Governments to use Planning Commission poverty estimatesas a cap24

8. How will the households be ranked in ruralareas?Households will be ranked through a three-step process.a. A set of households will be automatically EXCLUDEDA household with any of the following will be excludedautomatically: Motorized two/three/four wheeler/ fishing boat/Mechanized three/four wheeler agricultural equipmentKisan Credit Card with credit limit of Rs. 50,000 and aboveHousehold with any member as a Government employeeHouseholds with non-agricultural enterprises registered with theGovernmentAny member of the family earning more than Rs. 10,000 per monthPaying income taxPaying professional taxThree or more rooms with all rooms having pucca walls and roofOwn a refrigeratorOwn Landline phoneOwn 2.5 acres or more of irrigated land with at least 1 irrigationequipment5 acres or more of irrigated land for two or more crop seasonsOwning at least 7.5 acres of land or more with at least one irrigationequipmentb. A set of households will be automatically INCLUDEDA household with any of the following will be includedautomatically: Households without shelter Destitute/ living on alms Manual scavengers Primitive tribal groups Legally released bonded labourers25

c. The remaining households will be ranked using 7Deprivation Indicators. Households with the highestdeprivation score will have the highest priority forinclusion in the list of households below the povertylevel.The following are the deprivation indicators: Households with only one room, kucha walls and kucha roof No adult member between the ages of 16 and 59 Female headed households with no adult male member between 16and 59 Households with disabled member and no able bodied adult member SC/ST households Households with no literate adult above 25 years Landless households deriving a major part of their income frommanual casual labour9. Who will collect the information in rural areas? Enumerators appointed by the State Government will carryout the exercise in each Enumeration Block. They will beaccompanied by a Data Entry OperatorEnumerators will carry with them their appointment letters,and identity card issued by the State authority In addition, Enumerators may be accompanied byrepresentatives of the Gram Panchayat, Gram Sabha and othercitizens to ensure that data collection is done in a fair andtransparent manner, with no scope for individual discretionIt must be noted that the services of primary school teacherscannot be utilized for this purpose due to the ban imposed bythe Right to Education Act, 200926

10. How will the information be collected?Enumerators will ask respondents questions from thequestionnaire they have with them. The data entry operatorwill enter the responses into the electronic handheld device(Tablet PC) Respondents need not show document proof in support of theinformation they are providing. However, respondents will beexpected to provide correct and authentic information, whichcan be verified by the Enumerator After the data collection is complete, the Enumerator will givethe respondent an acknowledgement slip duly signed by theEnumerator and the Data Entry Operator The Enumerator will paste a sticker on the outside wall of therespondent’s house11. What information will be collected in ruralareas?Information will be collected at the level of the individual andhousehold, including: Occupation Education Disability Religion SC/ST Status Name of Caste/Tribe Employment Income and source of income Assets Housing Consumer Durables and Non-Durables Land27

12. In rural areas, what data will be made availableand where?All data will be read out in the Gram Sabha and Panchayat followingthe draft publication list being printed. Subsequently, individualinformation except for religion, caste and tribe data will be madeavailable in the public domain.13. What checks and balances will ensure that thereis no misreporting or errors? What mechanismsare being put in place for public scrutiny?A series of measures are being put in place to ensure that there is nomisreporting, and to build transparency:All data will be entered into a hand-held device – reducing thechances of data entry errors, and no possibility of interpolation orfalsification of information. It will also greatly reduce the time andresources required for such an exercise. Enumerators will read out the information entered after therespondent has answered all questions Enumerators may be accompanied by representatives of theGram Panchayat, Gram Sabha and other citizens to ensure thatdata collection is done in a fair and transparent manner, withno scope for individual discretion After the questionnaire is filled in, the Enumerator willread out the information, and give the respondent a signedacknowledgement slip. If the respondent disagrees, he will havethe opportunity to plead his case. The Enumerator will conducta summary enquiry, verify the facts and change the data iffound correct. The Enumerator will also report the same to theSupervisor, who will visit the household where such differencesare arising28

The draft list will be made available at the Gram Panchayat,Block Development Office, Charge Centre and DistrictCollector’s Offices. The list will also be uploaded on the NIC/State Government/MoRD/MoHUPA websites Within a week of publication of the draft list, a Gram Sabhawill be convened. At the Gram Sabha meeting, the names andanswers of each household will be read out. All claims andobjections raised in this meeting will be recorded and dealtwith Data will be uploaded directly from the Electronic HandheldDevices to the database, removing the possibility of errors andmanipulation that can creep in through a manual data entryprocess A list of supervisory bodies (institutions of high standing) isbeing empanelled to provide overall guidance and supervisionto ensure that the data is collected accurately and fairly14. Why wasn’t the SECC, 2011 conducted under theCensus Act, 1948?Individual particulars conducted under the Census Act, 1948, arekept confidential. The SECC, 2011 requires putting such statistics(except for caste-related data) in the public domain. However,the SECC, 2011 is being conducted using the same administrativeapparatus as used in the decennial population census.29

HOW IS THE 2011 SECC CENSUS BETTER THAN THE 2002 BPLCENSUS?1. Parametersused2. Dataverificationand publicscrutiny3. ScoringMethod4. Manual vs.Electronic5. Utility ofdata collected6. Type ofCensusBPL 2002 SECC 2011 Innovations over BPL 2002BPL populationidentified with 13socio-economicindicators resultedin large-scaleinclusion andexclusion errorsNo publicverification ofinformationComplex 52-PointmethodData enteredmanually fromprinted formsData not madeavailable todifferent Ministriesfor programmeintervention2002 BPL done ona stand-alone basis3 sets of parametersbeing used toidentify BPLpopulation:automaticexclusion,automatic inclusionand ranking basedon 7 deprivationindicatorsVerification atEnumeration stage;by Supervisor,Gram Sabhaand other StateGovernment Offices4-fold classificationwith simplifiedmethodDirect data entryusing a ElectronicHandheld Device(Tablet PC)Data displayedin MIS, fullycompatible withAADHAR and NPR.Available for use bydifferent Ministries,States, PRIs,citizensSECC 2011 beingdone jointly forrural and urbanareas along withCaste CensusMargin for inclusion/exclusionsignificantly reduced:·Automatic Exclusion criteriareduces the possibility oftrespass of ineligible householdsinto the BPL list· AutomaticInclusion criteria increases thepossibility of the most eligiblepeople being included into theBPL listMultiple layers of publicscrutiny; information can beverified; increased transparencyVillagers can easily comprehend;simpler to administer; easierto verify; reduced scopeof discretion on part ofenumerator; does away withdisincentive criteria used inBPL Census 2002 (like sanitarylatrines etc)Paperless exercise increasesefficiency; increased accuracy;no possibility of interpolationand falsification of dataTransparency; data can be usedfor scheme targeting acrossgovernment departments;facilitate research and analysis;public scrutinyComprehensive database allowsfor greater usage. Linking castewith the level of economicdevelopment while maintainingprivacy of caste data allows forbetter understanding of castedynamics30

Portable Handheld Device (Tablet PC)Developed byBharat Electronics LtdFor the Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011Key FeaturesEffective computing platform and access deviceWeighs 1 kg and can be carried as hand held device7 inch LCD Colour DisplayTouch screen, navigation keys and keyboardInternet connectivity through Ethernet; 2 USB portsSolar-backed battery supports usage in diverse areas ofdeployment