Exam topics for the oral examination (2nd semester)

Medical Physics and Statistics II.Topics for the oral examination, academic year 201 2-2013, 2nd semesterOral examination is offered to students directly after the 3rd failed attempt. Following a shortpreparation, two randomly selected topics (one related to the lectures, one related to thelaboratory practicals) is to be presented in a concise and coherent manner.Lecture topics1. Origin of the membrane potential.2. Generation and propagation of action potential.3. Description of the quantum mechanical tunnelling effect, and applications in (bio-)medical sciences.4. A few selected experiments beyond the capacity of classical physics: quantum mechanics.5. Regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, corresponding spectroscopic methods.Relationships between wavelength, frequency and photon energy.6. Comparison of infrared and Raman spectroscopy.7. Principle and applications of absorption spectrophotometry.8. The phenomenon of fluorescence. Introducing the basic arrangement for fluorescencespectroscopy.9. Generation and properties of X-rays.10. Radioactive decay law. Effective half-life.11. Types of radioactive decays (nuclear reactions).12. Fundamental concepts of dosimetry.13. Production and diagnostic applications of radioactive isotopes.14. Biophysics of vision.15. Biophysics of hearing.16. Psychophysics (stimulus and sensation).17. Therapeutic use of lasers.18. Principles, types and medical applications of lasers.19. Resolution and magnification of a microscope.20. Special techniques in microscopy: fluorescence and polarisation microscopes. Specialarrangements: confocal and scanning microscopy.21. Principles of X-ray imaging. Tomography. Use of contrast materials.22. Principles of the MRI technique.23. Diagnostic use of ultrasound.24. Sedimentation techniques.25. Electrophoresis, blotting techniques.26. Applications of electrotherapy.27. Applications of thermotherapy and mechanotherapy.Laboratory practical topics1. Spirogram. Definition of lung volumes in static and forced manoeuvres.2. Measurement of lung volumes.3. Evaluation of spirometry manoeuvres: determination of static TV, VC, ERV values,FEV1/FVC-ratio. Physiological importance.4. Application of absorption and emission spectrophotometry during Medical Physicspracticals. Continuous and line spectra.

5. Transmission, absorbance, molar extinction coefficient. Determination of concentrationof dilute solutions using spectrophotometry.6. Spectral resolution of light, colours, colour perception. Connection between absorptionspectra and the colour of objects.7. Blood pressure measurement: origin of the Korotkoff sounds.8. Blood pressure measurement: oscillometric method9. Measurement of vision acuity, illustration through a numerical example.10. Accommodation ability: meaning, biophysical background, age-dependence,measurement.11. Eyeglass correction of myopia and hypermetropia, optical properties of the lenses.Estimation of the refractive power of the two types of optical lenses.12. Principle of operation of CT, building a sinogram.13. Demonstration of the backprojection method through a numerical example (use a 3x3numerical phantom with 3 projections).Szeged, 2013. 05. 30.Prof. Ferenc BariProfessor, Head of Institute