The SAA Archaeological Record - Society for American Archaeology

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SAA COMMITTEESReferences CitedBarbour, Warren T. D.1994 Musings on a Dream Deferred. Federal Archeology Report 7,no. 1. U.S. Department of Interior: National Park ServiceArcheologist/ Archeological Assistance Division (Spring1994), Washington, D.C.The College Board2011 Trends in College Pricing 2011. College Board Advocacy andPolicy Center, Princeton, New Jersey.Fairlie, Robert W.2008 Race and Entrepreneurial Success: Black-, Asian-, and White-Owned Businesses in the United States. MIT Press, Boston.Groves, Robert, Marc Perry, and Nicholas Jones2011 Operational Press Briefing, National Press Club. U.S. Departmentof Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration,U.S. Census Bureau. Electronic document, http://2010.census.gov/news/pdf/transcript_3-24-11.pdf,accessed September17, 2012.Humes, Karen R., Nicholas A. Jones, and Roberto R Ramirez2011 Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin. U.S. Department ofCommerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S.Census Bureau. Electronic document, http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-02.pdf, accessed September 17,2012.Leone, Mark P., and Robert W. Preucel1992 Archaeology in a Democratic Society: A Critical Theory Perspective.In Quandries and Quests: Visions of Archaeology’sFuture, edited by L. Wandsnider, pp. 115-135. Southern IllinoisUniversity at Carbondale, Center for ArchaeologicalInvestigations, Carbondale.National Center for Education Statistics2005 First-Generation Students in Postsecondary Education: ALook at Their College Transcripts. Executive Summary. U. S.Department of Education Institute of Education. Washington,D.C. Electronic, document, http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2005171 accessed 9/17/2012.Ortman, Jennifer M., Christine E. Guarneri2009 United States Population Projections: 2000 to 2050. AnalyticalPapers, 19. U.S. Census Bureau, Washington D.C. Electronicdocument, http://www.census.gov/population/www/.../analytical-document09.pdf.Rogers, J, Daniel, J. Anna S. Agbe-Davies, Frances M. Hayashida, LisaJ. Lucero, and Desirée Renée Martinez2011 Diversity Initiatives Task Force Final Report. Submitted to theBoard of the Society for American Archaeology, April 6, 2011.Society for American Archaeology2003 2003 Needs Assessment Survey. Association Research Inc.,Rockville MD. https://ecommerce.saa.org/saa/staticcontent/staticpages/survey/index.cfm2011 2010 Needs Assessment Survey. Association Research Inc.,Rockville MD. https://ecommerce.saa.org/saa/staticcontent/staticpages/survey10/index.cfmStatistics Canada2008 2006 Census: Ethnic origin, visible minorities, place of workand mode of transportation. Statistics Canada. Electronic document,http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/080402/dq080402a-eng.htm, accessed September 17, 2012.Zeder, Melinda1997 The American Archaeologist: A Profile. Altamira Press, WalnutCreek, California.Notes1. The US Census Bureau continues to use the term “race” todescribe geographic variations in ancestry and culture that mostanthropologists would be happier terming “ethnicity,” and it reservesthe latter term only to make the Hispanic/Latino vs. non-Hispanic/Latino distinction. Our citation of 2010 Census categories inno way diminishes our anthropologically informed view of “race” as asocially constructed category rather than a biological reality.2. In 2011, NSF Archaeology declined to fund a MSC grant applicationparalleling the one which it had funded for the NASC.Book IndexingProfessional archaeologist with 30 years ofexperience in indexing scholarly books.Turn-around time about 3 weeks, sometimes less.Fee depends upon book length, text density, etc.More information at: myweb.cableone.net/alchristensonAndrew L. Christensonalchristenson@cableone.net928-308-575816 The SAA Archaeological Record • November 2012
ARTICLEMANAGING THE UNEXPECTEDTHE EAST ST. LOUIS MOUND GROUPAND THE NEW MISSISSIPPI RIVER BRIDGEThomas E. Emerson and Brad H. KoldehoffThomas E. Emerson is director of the Illinois State Archaeological Survey (ISAS) and Principal Investigator of the Mississippi River Bridge Mitigation Project.Brad Koldehoff is Chief Archaeologist with Illinois Department of Transportation and responsible for the management of the agency’stransportation archaeology program.Archaeology, of course, is all about the unknown— that ispart of its mystique. So, we should not be disconcertedwhen we encounter the unexpected, but we often are. Asmuch as we try to plan for every contingency, and after all thatis what the entire Section 106 process is about, we occasionallyget surprised. During the over half-century that the Illinois StateArchaeological Survey (ISAS, formerly the Illinois TransportationArchaeology Research Program, University of Illinois) andthe Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) have cooperativelycarried out archaeological investigations under an intergovernmentalagreement (http://www.isas.illinois.edu/), wehave seldom encountered truly unexpected discoveries. IDOTand ISAS put an inordinate amount of effort into the preliminarysurvey and testing stages of projects to ensure that they arenot caught unawares. But, there are those instances when thetraditional approach is not possible, and the new MississippiRiver Bridge is one of those projects. As it turned out, thisbridge project has posed all sorts of new and unexpected challengesthat are being favorably resolved with flexible thinkingand good old fashion communication— not only between highwayengineers and archaeologists but also among archaeologists,agencies, and federally recognized American IndianTribes. As a consequence, an abundance of new data about theearly historic city (late nineteenth century) and the late pre-Columbian city (eleventh to thirteenth centuries) of East St.Louis are being revealed in advance of construction.The Tale of Two CitiesThe new bridge, which is now under construction, will link EastSt. Louis with St. Louis, the famed “Gateway to the West” (Figure1). The St. Louis area has been a commercial and transportationhub since ancient times, owing in large part to its locationat the intersection of major river and overland routes.Today, interstate highways retrace old wagon roads that in turnfollowed footpaths blazed by earlier native populations. On anaverage day, well over a hundred thousand vehicles cross theMississippi River on the Poplar Street Bridge, which is one ofonly two bridges in the nation that carries three interstates highways.In 2007–2008 the States of Illinois and Missouri, with federalsupport, agreed to construct a new I–70 bridge. This $640million suspension bridge is a crucial link in facilitating localand interstate traffic flow and in providing a kick-start to localeconomic redevelopment.Since the second half of the twentieth century, East St. Louishas suffered, along with much of the Midwest and Northeast,from the loss of local heavy industry and associated railroadinfrastructure. The resulting economic decline has been coupledwith a lack of new development—a situation the newbridge will likely change. Along the 144-acre alignment thatwill carry the highway through East St. Louis are the hiddenremnants of an ancient aboriginal city. Beneath the present-daypost-industrial landscape, ISAS crews are unearthing the firstcity of East St. Louis— a Mississippian culture mound and towncomplex linked to and likely an extension of the World Heritagesite of Cahokia Mounds located just a few miles inland. To date,within the alignment we have excavated nearly 6,000 habitationfeatures.The rise and fall of historic East St. Louis, the second city, parallelsevents that occurred in this same location nearly 1,000years earlier. Based on what we know from early antiquarianaccounts, at about A.D. 1050 this location was the home of anative “East St. Louis” that with its ~50 mounds was the secondlargest Mississippian mound complex in North America— animportant elite ceremonial precinct within Cahokia’s 14.5 km 2central political-administrative complex (Pauketat 1994, 2004).East St. Louis’ prehistoric ruins were still visible when visited byHenry M. Brackenridge in the early 1800s, but by the mid to late1800s its observable traces were obliterated by industrial andcommercial expansion.November 2012 • The SAA Archaeological Record17
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Page 5 and 6: FROM THE PRESIDENTFROM THE PRESIDEN
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Page 41 and 42: IN MEMORIAMDAVID A. FREDRICKSON1927
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