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The following States are Members of the International Atomic Energy Agency:AFGHANISTANALBANIAALGERIAANGOLAARGENTINAARMENIAAUSTRALIAAUSTRIAAZERBAIJANBAHRAINBANGLADESHBELARUSBELGIUMBELIZEBENINBOLIVIABOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINABOTSWANABRAZILBULGARIABURKINA FASOBURUNDICAMBODIACAMEROONCANADACENTRAL AFRICANREPUBLICCHADCHILECHINACOLOMBIACONGOCOSTA RICACÔTE DIVOIRECROATIACUBACYPRUSCZECH REPUBLICDEMOCRATIC REPUBLICOF THE CONGODENMARKDOMINICAN REPUBLICECUADOREGYPTEL SALVADORERITREAESTONIAETHIOPIAFINLANDFRANCEGABONGEORGIAGERMANYGHANAGREECEGUATEMALAHAITIHOLY SEEHONDURASHUNGARYICELANDINDIAINDONESIAIRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OFIRAQIRELANDISRAELITALYJAMAICAJAPANJORDANKAZAKHSTANKENYAKOREA, REPUBLIC OFKUWAITKYRGYZSTANLATVIALEBANONLESOTHOLIBERIALIBYAN ARAB JAMAHIRIYALIECHTENSTEINLITHUANIALUXEMBOURGMADAGASCARMALAWIMALAYSIAMALIMALTAMARSHALL ISLANDSMAURITANIAMAURITIUSMEXICOMONACOMONGOLIAMONTENEGROMOROCCOMOZAMBIQUEMYANMARNAMIBIANEPALNETHERLANDSNEW ZEALANDNICARAGUANIGERNIGERIANORWAYOMANPAKISTANPALAUPANAMAPARAGUAYPERUPHILIPPINESPOLANDPORTUGALQATARREPUBLIC OF MOLDOVAROMANIARUSSIAN FEDERATIONSAUDI ARABIASENEGALSERBIASEYCHELLESSIERRA LEONESINGAPORESLOVAKIASLOVENIASOUTH AFRICASPAINSRI LANKASUDANSWEDENSWITZERLANDSYRIAN ARAB REPUBLICTAJIKISTANTHAILANDTHE FORMER YUGOSLAVREPUBLIC OF MACEDONIATUNISIATURKEYUGANDAUKRAINEUNITED ARAB EMIRATESUNITED KINGDOM OFGREAT BRITAIN ANDNORTHERN IRELANDUNITED REPUBLICOF TANZANIAUNITED STATES OF AMERICAURUGUAYUZBEKISTANVENEZUELAVIETNAMYEMENZAMBIAZIMBABWEThe Agency’s Statute was approved on 23 October 1956 by the Conference on the Statute of the IAEA held atUnited Nations Headquarters, New York; it entered into force on 29 July 1957. The Headquarters of the Agency aresituated in Vienna. Its principal objective is “to accelerate and enlarge the contribution of atomic energy to peace,<strong>health</strong> and prosperity throughout the world’’.
IAEA HUMAN HEALTH SERIES No. 17QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMMEFOR DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHYINTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCYVIENNA, 2011
Page 1 and 2: X raysdel matrixCs scintillatorLine
Page 3: QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAMMEFOR DIGI
Page 7 and 8: FOREWORDThe application of radiatio
Page 14: An effective QA programme is necess
Page 17 and 18: The Integrating the Healthcare Ente
Page 21 and 22: technology. Systems containing othe
Page 23 and 24: X raysTop electrodea-Se layerCharge
Page 25 and 26: dose received by inhomogeneous real
Page 27 and 28: 2.3.8.1. Soft copy displayFlat pane
Page 29 and 30: 3. ELEMENTS OF HIGH QUALITY MAMMOGR
Page 31: — The ability to mask edges of ma
Page 34 and 35: Disposal orsaleNew facility(start h
Page 36 and 37: 4.2.3. Radiographer (mammography te
Page 38 and 39: 5.2.2. Electronic versus geometric
Page 40 and 41: To allow full utilization of the di
Page 42 and 43: 5.7. ARTEFACTSWhile the incidence o
Page 44 and 45: FIG. 10. Detector crystallization.
Page 46 and 47: FIG. 13. A more subtle example of a
Page 48 and 49: FIG. 16. An example of poor collima
Page 51 and 52: 7. RADIOGRAPHER’S QUALITY CONTROL
Page 53 and 54: 7.1. DAILY TESTS7.1.1. Monitor insp
Page 55 and 56:
7.1.3. Daily flat field phantom ima
Page 57 and 58:
7.1.4. Visual inspection for artefa
Page 59 and 60:
7.1.5. Laser printer sensitometry7.
Page 61 and 62:
7.1.6. Image plate erasure (CR syst
Page 63 and 64:
FIG. 19. Modified TG18-QC pattern w
Page 65 and 66:
FIG. 21. Radiologist workstation wi
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7.2.1.6. Time frame for corrective
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7.2.3. Weekly quality control test
Page 71 and 72:
Note: It is not necessary to view t
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TABLE 7. TOLERANCES FOR IMAGING WEE
Page 75 and 76:
7.2.4.4. Interpretation of results
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7.3.1.5. Recommendations and correc
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artefacts are typically best seen w
Page 81 and 82:
7.3.3.5. Recommendations and correc
Page 83 and 84:
7.4.1.3. Methodology(1) Annotate th
Page 85 and 86:
RECORD OF DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY REPEA
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(3) Including examinations of at le
Page 89 and 90:
7.5. SEMI-ANNUAL TESTS7.5.1. Comput
Page 91 and 92:
8. MEDICAL PHYSICIST’S QUALITY CO
Page 93 and 94:
8.1. NOTE ON IMAGE NAMING CONVENTIO
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(16) On any randomly selected patie
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FIG. 30. Positioning of bathroom sc
Page 99 and 100:
(6) The target, filter, kV, grid, d
Page 101 and 102:
(2) Stack the 20 and 25 mm PMMA sla
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TABLE 13. ACCEPTABLE AND ACHIEVABLE
Page 105 and 106:
8.5. DETECTOR PERFORMANCE8.5.1. Bas
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8.5.2. Detector response and noise8
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the service engineer responsible fo
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(13) Using the annotation tool on t
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Breast supportPMMA slabBreast suppo
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(10) Place the thinner test object
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8.6. EVALUATION OF SYSTEM RESOLUTIO
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TABLE 17. ACCEPTABLE FREQUENCIES AT
Page 121 and 122:
8.7. X RAY EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTIC
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8.7.2. Incident air kerma at the en
Page 125 and 126:
8.8. DOSIMETRY8.8.1. Mean glandular
Page 127 and 128:
TABLE 21. ACCEPTABLE AND ACHIEVABLE
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FIG. 34. Suggested layout for ruler
Page 131 and 132:
8.10. IMAGE DISPLAY QUALITYThe accu
Page 133 and 134:
FIG. 35. Modified TG18-QC test patt
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
8.10.2. Monitor luminance response
Page 139 and 140:
TABLE 22. MONITOR PERFORMANCE TOLER
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FIG. 38. Measurement of illuminatio
Page 143 and 144:
8.11. LASER PRINTER8.11.1. Laser pr
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8.11.1.5. Recommendations and corre
Page 147:
Page 150 and 151:
iopsies are performed, a sink is of
Page 152 and 153:
Appendix IISPECIFICATIONS OF TEST E
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TABLE 24. SPECIFICATIONS OF TEST EQ
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FIG. 40. Image acquired with a unif
Page 158 and 159:
FIG. 43. The left hand image is par
Page 160 and 161:
FIG. 45. A TG18-QC test pattern dis
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[29] ALSAGER, A., YOUNG, K.C., ODUK
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Annex IRADIOGRAPHER DATA COLLECTION
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Chart 2 — DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY (DM
Page 169 and 170:
Chart 4 LASER PRINTER SENSITOMETRY
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Chart 6 — WEEKLY DISPLAY MONITOR
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Chart 7(b) WEEKLY QC TEST OBJECT:
Page 175 and 176:
Chart 9 — SAFETY AND FUNCTION CHE
Page 177 and 178:
Chart 11 — LASER PRINTER ARTEFACT
Page 179 and 180:
Chart 13(a) — RECORD OF DIGITAL M
Page 181 and 182:
Chart 14 — CR PLATE SENSITIVITY M
Page 183 and 184:
Annex IIITHE MAMMOGRAPHY EXTRACTThe
Page 185 and 186:
GLOSSARYair kerma. The energy depos
Page 187 and 188:
image quality. The overall merit of
Page 189:
CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
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