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Regardless of the level of fertilizer, the plants grown in coconut husk shells gave the best results interms of the number of spikes per plant, blooms per spike, spike length . Coconut husk shells alsoresulted in higher percentage of premium grade and export quality blooms. Increasing fertilizerlevels resulted in overall better production, spike quality and in greater percentages of high pricedand export quality blooms. Overall best performance was obtained from the plants growing incoconut husk shells at the highest levels of fertilizer used, i.e. 544Kg N ha-1 yr -1 . The performanceof the plants in coconut husk shells was associated with significantly higher percentages of tissue N,P and K. The beneficial economic implications of the results to the farmers and the country will bediscussed.O-19 CYANOBACTERIAL BIOFERTILISERS FOR RICEIN JAMAICABoyd, Frederick A.H. and Devi Prasad, P.V.Department of Life Sciences, MonaThe wetland cultivation of Oryza sativa provides a particularly suitable environment for thedevelopment and utilization of non-symbiotic nitrogen-fixing autotrophic cyanobacteria [blue greenalgae] as well as other diazotrophic ecotypes. While extensive work has been carried out in Asiaand Africa on the suitablitiy of using cyanobacteria as biofertilisers, very little , if any, work hasbeen carried out in the Caribbean and Latin America. The present work has been undertaken toassess the suitability of cyanobacterial biofertilisers for rice under Caribbean conditions. Anabaenavariabilis , collected and isolated locally, was chosen based on its superior nitrogen fixing cpacityand shorter generation time over other local strains. The cyanobacteriaum was used in solitaryapplication as well as in combined application with the chemical fertilizer at the recommendeddosage [80kg N ha -1 ] and the reduced dosage [40 kg N hā 1 ].Ther fertilizer regimen were tested in greenhouse trials initially, using two types of soils and finallyin two field crops. Analysis of yield parameters including grain and straw yields, 100-grain wt.,carbohydrate and protein content of the grain and straw were carried out in addition to growth anddevelopment parameters including tiller production and panicle emergence period in order todetermine any effects of the biological nitrogen fixation.The results of this study indicate that the solitary application of the cyanobacterium resulted toenhancement in the yield parameters of grain yield [23%] and straw yield [28%], 100-grainyield[26%], carbohydrate levels in the grain [10%] and straw [17%] . Protein content of the grain[22%] and the straw[19%] over the respective controls. In most cases this appreciation due to thecyanobacterium was equivalent to those of the reduced fertilizer dosage. Their combinedapplication resulted in improvements in grain yield [83%] and straw yield [20%], protein content ofthe grain [45%] and straw [28%] over the respective controls. With the exception of the grain andstraw yields, the combined application at the reduced fertilizer dosage had a greater stimulatoryeffect on the crop parameters than did the recommended fertilizer dosage applied alone. Theincrease in tiller production due to the cyanobacterium [27%] was less than that due to the reducedfertilizer dosage [53%] but their combined application [55%] was not significantly different fromthat due to the solitary application of the recommended fertilizer dosage [59%]. Panicle emergenceperiod was found to be directly dependent on the available nitrogen present, regardless of its source.40
These results indicate that cyanobacteria when used as biofertilizers in the wetland cultivation of riceoffers the potential supplimenting its chemical nitrogen fertilizer requirements of up to 40kg N -1 ha.This is particularly sutitable for small farmers of rice as this technolgoy offers the prospect ofdecreased input costs while facilitating increased quantity as well as quality of yields.O-20 DIVERSITY AMONG POPULATIONS OF XANTHOMONASCAMPESTRIS PV. VESICATORIA FROM FIVE EASTERNCARIBBEAN ISLANDS WITH RESPECT TO SECRETION OFEXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES, POLYSACCHARIDE PRODUCTIONAND PATHOGENICITYHenry A.M. 1 , Hamilton M.A.E. 1 , and O’ Garro L.W. 21 Biochemistry Section, Department of Basic Medical Sciences,Mona;2Department of Biology, Cave HillXanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria (proposed: Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria) isthe causative agent of bacterial spot disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and pepper(Capsicum annum L.) plants. 851 strains from five Eastern Caribbean islands (Antigua, Barbados,Grenada, St.Kitts, and St. Lucia) were screened for the production of amylase, glucanase, pectinaseand protease. All the isolates were negative for the excretion of the glucanases and pectinasesindicating that these enzymes were not important in the pathogenicity of these strains. 85% of thestrains produced amylases and 77% produced proteases. Overall, 69% of the strains showed bothamylolytic and proteolytic activity. The quality of xanthan produced by the isolates was determinedby the flow rate of the gum, as this is directly proportional to viscosity. Bacterial strains thatproduced high viscosity xanthan showed higher cfu/11.5cm 2leaf area and faster symptomsdevelopment over a 10 – 15 day period, than strains of low viscosity gum production. The resultssuggest a possible relationship between enzyme profile and pathogenicity as all the strains producinghigh viscosity gum produced both amylases and proteases.O-21 PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF SALT STRESS ONTHE AXILLARY BUD CULTURES OF CASSAVAPotlrui, Sasikala D.P. and Devi Prasad, P.V.Department of Life Sciences, MonaTwo local varieties of Cassava named UWI-1 and UWI-2 were brought in to tissue culture throughnodal cuttings and apical meristem cultures. Axillary bud cultures of these were used to study thephysiology and biochemistry of salinity stress, as tissue culture techniques offer unique advantage insuch studies. The cultures were grown on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with micronutrientsand vitamins . Various concentrations of salt in the medium were obtained by using crudesea salt ranging from 0 to 1.0%. Crude sea salt was used as it would provide salinities close tonaturally occurring salinities in providing not only sodium chloride but other salts as well.41
Page 1 and 2: _________________________PROCEEDING
Page 4 and 5: Monday January 11 th 1999__________
Page 6 and 7: FREE ORAL PRESENTATIONSChemistry Le
Page 8 and 9: Wednesday January 13 th , 1999_____
Page 10 and 11: GEOLOGY____________________________
Page 12 and 13: POSTER PRESENTATIONSDisplayed in De
Page 14 and 15: P-20 The compatibility of a thiodan
Page 16 and 17: P-37 Genetic diversity in dasheens
Page 18 and 19: P-55 Trinidad clays as a potential
Page 20 and 21: B. Bark beetles (3 species). The ba
Page 22 and 23: Figure:Population of adult weevils,
Page 24 and 25: O-4 CONDITIONAL ESTIMATION IN AN EX
Page 26 and 27: Six growth forms were observed, all
Page 28 and 29: The difference in coral cover among
Page 30 and 31: Examination of whole and sectioned
Page 32 and 33: Ultimately one of the aims of many
Page 34 and 35: Table:Concentrations of chlorpyrifo
Page 36 and 37: Table: Half life of Miral 500CS on
Page 38 and 39: Nucleotide sequence analysis of the
Page 42 and 43: Various morphological, physiologica
Page 44 and 45: O-25 HAIMEA ALTA AND HAIMEA OVUMSER
Page 46 and 47: A complete thermodynamic descriptio
Page 48 and 49: One of the promising methods of det
Page 50 and 51: We aim at producing a model which c
Page 52 and 53: in comparison to the function f giv
Page 54 and 55: The scripting language described he
Page 56 and 57: O-36 CRYPTOGRAPHY AND THE INFORMATI
Page 58 and 59: ABSTRACTS OF POSTER PRESENTATIONS__
Page 60 and 61: The varied range of effects to the
Page 62 and 63: P-5 THE USE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Page 64 and 65: The present maximum phytoplankton a
Page 66 and 67: P-9 INDIVIDUAL ZOOPLANKTON SPECIES
Page 68 and 69: The most abundant crustacean captur
Page 70 and 71: Potamic characteristics include slu
Page 72 and 73: Preliminary results have indicated
Page 74 and 75: M. tuberculata was found only at tw
Page 76 and 77: Thiara granifera is gregarious, pro
Page 78 and 79: The population of the CLM in Jamaic
Page 80 and 81: The present studies were undertaken
Page 82 and 83: P-21 ANTIFEEDANT PROPERTIES OF VARI
Page 84 and 85: ReferencesClarke-Harris, D.O. (1998
Page 86 and 87: Mansingh, A., Robinson, D.E. and Da
Page 88 and 89: P-24 THE NEW JAMAICA SEISMOGRAPH NE
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P-26 JUPITER LANDSLIDE, RIO GRANDE
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P-27 BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION
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P-28 EVALUATION OF MEDIA, METHODS O
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P-31 PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY OF TEN P
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2. Stavely, J.R., Steadman, J.R. 19
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P-36 IDENTIFICATION, DISTRIBUTION,
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Todd G. A., Daniels M. J. and Callo
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P-42 QUANTIFICATION AND IDENTIFICAT
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P-46 A STUDY OF VIBRIO SPECIES IN R
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P-49 INDOOR LEVELS OF NO2 MEASURED
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Qualitative assessment of these sig
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P-55 TRINIDAD CLAYS AS A POTENTIAL
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The procedure was applied to the Pi
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