varieties creation and conservation of plant genetic resources
varieties creation and conservation of plant genetic resources
varieties creation and conservation of plant genetic resources
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ESTABLISHMENT OF<br />
A OF BIOLOGICAL<br />
WAKEFULNESS SYSTEM IN<br />
THE ORIENTAL<br />
The establishment <strong>of</strong> a biological<br />
wakefulness system in the «Hauts<br />
Plateaux» has become one <strong>of</strong> the major<br />
concerns <strong>of</strong> the national programs<br />
<strong>of</strong> arid <strong>and</strong> semi-arid environments<br />
management. The results show that<br />
the phenomenon <strong>of</strong> degradation<br />
threatens currently about 80% <strong>of</strong> this<br />
area. Grazing l<strong>and</strong>s are in deprivation<br />
<strong>of</strong> their <strong>plant</strong> cover <strong>and</strong> the cultivated<br />
area is in extension on fragile l<strong>and</strong>s.<br />
The main indicators <strong>of</strong> this degradation<br />
are the vegetation cover reduction,<br />
the appearance <strong>of</strong> degradation <strong>plant</strong>s<br />
indicator, <strong>and</strong> the high rate <strong>of</strong> silting<br />
areas <strong>and</strong> bare soil (Figure 26).<br />
Steppes dégradées mixtes<br />
Steppes alfatières<br />
Steppes désertiques<br />
Sol nu<br />
Zone d’ensablement<br />
Figure 26 : Importance <strong>of</strong> the different<br />
classes <strong>of</strong> l<strong>and</strong> in the Highl<strong>and</strong>s <strong>of</strong> the<br />
Oriental (%)<br />
13<br />
11<br />
8<br />
13<br />
3<br />
23<br />
29<br />
EFFECT OF FENCING<br />
ON REGENERATION AND<br />
PRODUCTION OF AN<br />
ENDANGERED SPECIES:<br />
MORICANDIA ARVENSIS<br />
The study showed a highly significant<br />
effect <strong>of</strong> the Moric<strong>and</strong>ia Arvensis<br />
protection on biomass, specific air<br />
recovery <strong>and</strong> the density <strong>of</strong> this species<br />
in Ain Béni Mathar Oujda (Photo 20,<br />
Figure 27).<br />
1200<br />
1000<br />
800<br />
600<br />
400<br />
200<br />
0<br />
Intérieur de la mise en défens<br />
223<br />
25 20<br />
Phytomasse (Kg MS/ha) Recouvrement aérien (%) Densité ( Plant/ha)<br />
Figure 27 : Effect <strong>of</strong> fencing on vegetation<br />
parameters <strong>of</strong> Moric<strong>and</strong>ia arvensis<br />
2<br />
Extérieur de la mise en défens<br />
1200<br />
90<br />
Photo 20 :<br />
Photos <strong>of</strong><br />
Moric<strong>and</strong>ia<br />
arvensis<br />
(Maatougui,<br />
2010)<br />
43 INRA 2010<br />
Environment <strong>and</strong> Natural Resources
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