Administrative burdens

706050403020100Reality check…Shipping has never been more supervised,inspected and certified than today- and has never issued more documents and reportsNo. of IMO-conventions194819511954195719601963196619691972197519781981198419871990199319961999200220052008201125000240002300022000210002000019000Paris-MoU number ofinspections2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Reality check…• Transport of a container from Poland toDanish Port– By truck: No hard copies required– By ship: 16 forms (hard copies)required• Ship on international voyages– Crewlists must be filled out usingtypewriter– No standards for electronic datatransfer

Reality check…• Belgian survey– Ship to report redundant information

Paper overload?

What did we do?Tailor-made approach to studying burdens in the maritime sector• 796 Danish seafarers took part –among them 181 shipmasters• 72 % of major Danish ship ownerscontributed• 95 % of gross tonnage in the Danishmerchant marine is covered

SeafarersLand offices20 % 9 %of working time spent on perceived administrative burdens

Seafarers burdensType of burdenPort- and pre-arrivaldocumentsInspections (incl.vetting)Evaluation areaAverageshareExtentofburdenVery time consuming 13,7% LowVery annoying 18,3% MediumVery timeconsuming35,6% HighVery annoying 35,0% HighDrills Very time consuming 11,2% LowInternal qualityassurance systemsHandling of ISPSrequirementsVery annoying 10,6% LowVery timeconsuming38,8% HighVery annoying 39,9% HighVery timeconsuming21,3% MediumVery annoying 39,9% HighJournals Very time consuming 15,0% LowVery annoying 10,1% Low

Control, control, control"I feel that 'control of control 'tends to evaluate mostly thequality of the control system""Maybe inspections could focusmore on quality andcompetences?""Sometimes I think paperworkis more important than theactual quality of the ship andcrew""… or on real-time control anddialogue?""Could we scale down thequantitative measures a little?"

"Many frustrations when we enter ports""There are too manyunnecessary and differentport documents""In other countries, allinspections need to have aminimum number of points""Some countries measure PSCperformance by the number ofships inspected""It would help if we couldharmonise more in the sector"

Seafarers feel they have no voiceFROM LANDTO SEATO LANDFROM SEA"Many of us feel that we are thelast link in the chain and cannotfeed enough back""Could we have more properand efficient channels to dealwith unfit procedures?""What if we had a system to suggestadaptations and removal ofinappropriate procedures?"

Shipowners also have some issues"We respect national maritimeauthorities – but they can also giveus a hard time""A more thorough digitalisation ofinteractions with authorities wouldhelp us""Too many flag state-specificrules are unnecessary ""Often, we have to submitdocumentation that is not useful –or requires too much time""Our world is complex – and we wishfor fast and solid assistance fromauthorities to always be available"

Three maritime conceptions of rulesPathologicSubstandard operatorsgoing for a quick catchBureaucraticCompliance with the rulesGenerativeCompliance with the purposeof the rules’Make it look right’’Doing the things right’’Doing the right things right’”What book?”Going by the bookEnsuring correctdocumentationPromoting self regulation andresponsibilityFree interpret. of Prof. Ron Westrum

Three maritime conceptions of rulesPathologicSubstandard operatorsgoing for a quick catchBureaucraticCompliance with the rulesGenerativeCompliance with the purposeof the rules’Make it look right’’Doing the things right’’Doing the right things right’”What book?”Going by the bookEnsuring correctdocumentationPromoting self regulation andresponsibilityFree interpret. of Prof. Ron Westrum

Change needed..?• Mechanisms (national, EU, IMO) to assessconsequences when putting forward newprocedures• Less manual working procedures– stamps, copies and ink signatures• More standardisation and digitalisation• Better coordination, exchange and sharing ofdata– one stop-shop (inspections, ports,authorities)

Thank you for your attention