Tuolumne River Report - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ viiLIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ xiTABLE OF CONTENTSACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................... xiiiLIST OF AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS .............................................................. xiiiPREFACE ....................................................................................................................... xvEXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................. xviiChapter 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 11.1. GEOGRAPHICAL SETTING .........................................................................................11.2. PRECURSORS TO THIS RESTORATION PLAN ..........................................................21.3. CLARIFICATION OF TERMINOLOGY ..........................................................................51.3.1. Restoration vs. Rehabilitation ............................................................................................... 51.3.2. Historical salmonid populations ............................................................................................ 51.3.3. Ecosystem-based approach to restroation ........................................................................... 61.4. SCOPE OF THE RESTORATION PLAN .......................................................................71.4.1. Corridor versus watershed boundaries ............................................................................. 71.4.2. Focus on natural chinook salmon production ................................................................... 71.5. OBJECTIVES ..............................................................................................................8Chapter 2. LINKING PHYSICAL PROCESSES AND SALMON LIFE HISTORY ..... 112.1. HYDROLOGY ............................................................................................................ 122.1.1. The unimpaired flow regime ............................................................................................ 122.1.2. Regulated flow regime .....................................................................................................232.2. FLUVIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY .................................................................................. 272.2.1. Fluvial geomorphic process ............................................................................................. 272.2.2. Geomorphic reach delineation ........................................................................................ 292.2.3. Channel morphology (cross section and planform) ....................................................... 312.3. ATTRIBUTES OF ALLUVIAL RIVER ECOSYSTEM INTEGRITY ................................. 382.4. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ...................................................................................... 452.4.1. Riparian resources .......................................................................................................... 452.4.2. Chinook salmon ............................................................................................................... 562.4.3. Fish and wildlife resources .............................................................................................. 732.5. SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ 73Chapter 3. GEOMORPHIC AND RIPARIAN INVESTIGATIONS ............................... 773.1. FLUVIAL PROCESSES .............................................................................................783.1.1. Bedload impedance reaches (Attribute #5) ......................................................................... 783.1.2. Bed mobility thresholds (Attribute #3) ................................................................................. 793.1.3. Bedload transport (Attribute #5) .......................................................................................... 843.1.4. Fine sediment sources (Attribute #5) .................................................................................. 873.1.5. M.J. Ruddy 4-Pumps restoration project evaluation ............................................................ 913.1.6. Channel design considerations .......................................................................................... 93iii