Which varieties performed best? - Grains Research & Development ...

What varieties Willyou groW in 2011?Check out the NVT website with integratedgoogle map searching for independent trialresults on how new varieties have performed.Go towww.nvtonline.com.auPresents data on 10 crops and approximately300 varieties with more than 630 trials conductedannually across all states.Simply use the crop, sub-crop and postcode filtersto find specific trial information, or use the zoomand scroll functions to see a broader range of trials.Click on a trial marker to reveal and access allinformation for that trial including regional long termyield reports and individual trial data.To compare yields of varieties in a specific region select LongTerm Results from the trial options balloon. This example is forMain Season Wheat in N/W NSW. By scrolling through the reportyou can view the number of trials conducted for each varietyto gain confidence in the result.Click on the Current Trial Result button for a full reportfor the particular trial, or use the Statewide Tables ofYield & Grain Quality button to produce a MicrosoftExcel table comparing all varieties in all trials in aparticular state for both yield and grain quality.www.nvtonline.com.au10 CroPS, 300 VariETiES,630 TrialS aNNually

Crop Harvest Report 2011WheatSA Wheat Variety Yield Performance (2010 and long term, 2004-2010, expressed as a t/ha and % of site average yield)Variety Mid North South East Mid and Lower Eyre Peninsula Yorke Peninsula2010 (% site average) Long Term averageacross sites(04-10)BoolerooMintaroSpaldingTurretfieldt/ha as %site av.#trials2010 (% site average) Long Term averageacross sites(04-10)t/ha as %site av.#trials2010 (% site average) Long Term averageacross sites(04-10)t/ha as %site av.#trials2010 (% site average) Long Term averageacross sites(04-10)Keith SherwoodWolseleyCumminsRudallUngarraPaskevilleUrania Wokurnat/ha as %site av.AGT Katana 97 100 95 103 3.40 104 12 100 108 3.94 104 10 98 113 110 3.11 106 11 101 103 107 3.41 105 12Axe 99 98 89 107 3.40 104 24 90 109 3.84 101 16 96 92 91 3.00 102 20 93 87 90 3.29 101 21Barham 97 90 105 79 3.23 99 16 92 76 3.70 97 13Catalina 89 92 94 99 3.27 100 20 94 93 3.80 100 11 91 93 92 2.94 100 14 93 98 90 3.24 100 15Clearfield Jnz 91 99 100 90 3.17 97 10 103 102 3.69 97 8 98 96 102 2.83 97 8 102 100 95 3.17 97 9Correll 101 89 99 88 3.35 103 20 99 91 3.89 103 13 94 100 103 3.04 104 17 104 99 99 3.40 104 18Derrimut 94 100 99 107 3.39 104 20 99 108 3.93 104 13 101 90 106 3.06 104 17 104 97 88 3.38 104 18Espada 105 98 96 106 3.39 104 16 95 101 3.95 104 11 98 108 102 3.09 105 14 98 105 103 3.44 106 15Estoc 106 102 102 100 3.39 104 8 105 107 3.91 103 8 100 109 110 3.04 104 8 110 103 103 3.42 105 9Frame 96 81 101 78 3.17 97 24 93 79 3.70 97 16 - 99 99 2.86 98 19 101 87 96 3.22 99 21Gladius 94 102 91 102 3.46 106 20 86 95 3.95 104 13 96 99 98 3.09 105 17 99 93 101 3.47 107 18Guardian 89 103 100 99 3.39 104 20 104 108 4.01 106 11 100 - 98 3.07 105 12 94 100 98 3.37 104 15Justica CL PLUS 95 98 96 95 108 106 96 100 104 97 94 98Kord CL PLUS 98 99 82 95 83 88 98 92 76 93 84 96# trialsVARIABLE - NO VALID RESULTLincoln 92 99 98 94 3.31 101 16 100 93 3.89 102 10 100 95 101 3.00 103 11 101 97 105 3.35 103 15Mace 106 110 97 115 3.51 108 6 111 119 4.10 108 5 107 108 102 3.17 108 5 95 106 103 3.47 107 6Magenta 96 94 107 93 3.31 101 20 96 96 3.86 102 11 101 103 105 3.04 104 17 107 104 105 3.38 104 18Peake 98 98 94 102 3.40 104 20 99 101 3.93 103 13 97 86 94 3.04 104 17 97 88 85 3.34 103 18Pugsley 106 93 110 94 3.43 105 24 105 89 3.93 104 16 98 109 93 3.06 104 20 111 100 109 3.49 107 21Scout 115 110 108 106 3.56 109 8 114 109 4.09 108 5 104 104 115 3.25 111 5 112 112 103 3.56 109 9Wyalkatchem 99 108 105 112 3.45 106 24 109 122 3.99 105 16 107 102 104 3.10 106 20 98 106 101 3.46 106 21Yitpi 103 92 105 86 3.35 103 24 100 96 3.89 103 16 96 99 103 3.01 103 20 109 100 98 3.40 105 21Young 86 100 97 108 3.37 103 24 102 101 3.87 102 16 100 92 95 3.05 104 20 99 96 98 3.32 102 21Site av. yield t/ha 3.2 7.17 5.74 4.33 3.26 5.91 4.58 3.79 6.11 4.67 6.37 2.93 5.16 5.29 5.01 3.26LSD (%) 8 4 6 7 7 7 4 5 7 5 5 5DurumsCaparoi 105 83 100 3.02 98 17 91 100 95 3.00 99 15Hyperno 101 119 97 3.31 108 17 111 111 111 3.19 106 15Kalka 98 93 98 3.00 98 21 95 100 107 2.95 98 18Saintly 97 94 111 3.24 106 17 92 94 100 3.06 101 15Tamaroi 97 82 93 3.00 98 21 96 96 94 2.96 98 18Tjilkuri 104 95 105 3.20 104 9 104 105 107 3.20 106 9Site av. yield t/ha 6.18 5.56 4.24 3.06 4.42 4.2 4.53 3.02LSD (%) 6 6 8 4 10 7Date sown 26 May 4 June 6 May 14 June 31 May 17 May 17 May 31 May 1 June 26 May 27 May 26 May 18 MaySoil Type SCL/CL SC/ZC CL/ZC SCL/LiC L delved S C CL SL CLS LZCL SCL S/LSA-O Rain (2010) 281 501 439 398 339 365 357 377 317 325 357 380 286pHwater 8.1 6.7 7.9 6.2 8.2 7.2 8.3 8.1 8.5 6.0 8.1 7.9 8.1Site stresses e lr wg yls yellow yls,yellows ylsAbbreviationsSoil type: S=sand, L=loam, C=clay, Li=light, M=medium, H=heavy, Z=fineRain recorded in mm, / = separates top soil from sub soilSite stress factors: e=emergence(eg. mice), lr=leaf rust, r=rhizoctonia, wg=grassy weeds,yls=yellow leaf spot, yr=stripe rust, yellow=”frame yellows”Data source: NVT & SARDI/GRDC (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites, 2004-2010) *Durum varieties trialed separately and not completely valid to compare against bread wheatsData analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics Group2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 5

Crop Harvest Report 2011but dropped back within Yorke Peninsulatrials. Wyalkatchem is now well outclassedby newer varieties with improved diseaseresistance but it may remain an optionfor growers in drier districts and otherless rust prone areas while seed of newervarieties is multiplied.Commercially released by AGT duringspring last year, Estoc ranked fourthacross all sites and just one percentbelow Mace and Wyalkatchem. Estoc wasexpected to perform well in the longer2010 season, having a maturity just oneto two days earlier than Yitpi and beingrelated to Yitpi.Estoc yielded well across all districtsand now across three seasons of NVTevaluation has averaged similar toYitpi’s yield. Estoc is eligible for APWclassification and has produced goodphysical grain quality combined withgood sprouting tolerance, like Yitpi,during the past two seasons in SA. It hasgood resistance to all rusts and CCN andis slightly less susceptible to yellow leafspot than Yitpi. These characteristics willprovide SA growers with a widely adaptedlonger season variety option relative tothe many early to mid season varietiesreleased in recent years.Averaging five and two percent aboveYitpi in 2009 and 2010 respectively,another recent release, AGT Katana,closely followed the leaders, performingwell in most districts but falling away inthe Mid North and Mallee trials. Katanais a premium quality variety developedfor specific export markets. Katana isderived from Kukri and Tammin, hasgood physical grain quality similar toYitpi albeit with some susceptibility tosprouting.With modest disease resistance, Katanais rated as moderately susceptible to stemrust and leaf rust, susceptible to CCNbut moderately resistant to moderatelysusceptible to both yellow leaf spot andstripe rust.Perhaps not surprisingly, the mid seasonand early flowering varieties, Gladius andAxe, which have both dominated NVTresults during drier seasons, performedmodestly in 2010. Gladius widely divergedfrom it’s related sister-line Espadathroughout 2010 Eyre Peninsula NVTsites and averaged 3 percent below Yitpiacross all sites while Espada was onepercent above. Yellow leaf symptomssimilar to ‘Frame yellows’, was seen onGladius at many sites and may havecontributed to the lower performancenot seen in drier seasons. Over sixyears trialling, the differences betweenEspada and Gladius are mainly inrecieval classification, leaf rust resistanceand black point resistance with Gladiusperhaps more dominant in drier seasonsand Espada in longer and wetter seasons.Both varieties are moderately susceptibleto CCN and susceptible to ver ysusceptible to sprouting. Consequentlygrowers in districts at risk of pre-harvestrains are advised to avoid delaying harvestof these varieties.Many other early and mid seasonmaturing varieties which had generallyequalled or outperformed Yitpi in drierseasons were understandably lowerperforming on average in 2010. Theseincluded Lincoln, Correll, Derrimut,Peake and Catalina but in each casetheir yield rankings correlated well withprevious seasons. Lincoln and Correllagain demonstrated a high susceptibilityto sprouting at several sites with Correllalso downgraded due to test weightbelow 74 kg/hl at 6 from 23 sites. Thiswill have greater implication in thenear future when the wheat receival testweight standards are raised to 76 kg/hlminimum.Of high interest within the 2010 NVTtrials will be the performance of the twonew imidazolinone tolerant varieties justrecently released by AGT, namely KordCL Plus and Justica CL Plus. Releasedas alternatives to Clearfield JNZ andClearfield STL, their yields averagedfrom 4 percent below to 3 percentabove Clear field JNZ respectively.Possessing two genes for imadazolinonetolerance (rather than one, as is thecase for Clearfield JNZ and STL) bothof these lines have a much higher levelof herbicide tolerance. Kord CL Plusis derived from Gladius with similarmaturity and disease profile but featuringCCN resistance equal to Yitpi. This varietyis visually very similar to Gladius, andis expected to perform very similarly.Justica CL Plus on the other hand hasslightly later maturity being derived fromboth Spear and Gladius families and ismoderately susceptible to CCN and striperust. Later maturity favoured JusticaCL Plus in the 2010 season while in thelonger term both varieties are expectedto perform alike. Physical grain qualityof Kord CL Plus was generally similar toGladius within 2010 trials and sproutingtolerance is also expected to be similar.Based on 2010 NVT data, Justica CL Plushad slightly lower average test weights buthas a higher level of sprouting tolerance.The quality classification of both varietieswill be finalised in coming months, butthis aside, these varieties offer manyimprovements over existing Clearfieldwheat types.Durum wheat performanceThe 2010 seasonal conditions weregenerally ideal for durum wheat in NVTsites with few occurrences of the frost orheat stress to which they can be sensitive.Among the durums tested in 6 trialsthroughout Yorke Peninsula and theMid North, Hyperno produced thehighest average yield across sites andwas 15 percent above the widely growncommercial variety, Tamaroi. Like theearly flowering and maturing wheats,Saintly was not well suited to the longand wet spring of 2010, allowing the laterflowering Hyperno, to excel.The recently released, new varietyTjilkuri ranked second, 5 percent belowHyperno, with no major differences inreceival quality noted between them.The longer term performance data hasthese varieties ranked similarly for yield,with Tjilkuri offering slightly improvedcrown rot resistance and Hyperno slightlyimproved stem rust and Septoria triticiiblotch resistance. Both varieties are moresusceptible to yellow leaf spot than otherdurum variety options.Caparoi, continued to more closelyalign to Kalka in yield, and exhibit thebest grain recieval quality among allvarieties tested.More information:Rob Wheeler (08) 8303 9480Rob.Wheeler@sa.gov.au6 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Wheat2010 Wheat variety performance for test weight (kg/hl) across NVT sitesLower Eyre Peninsula Mid North South East Yorke PeninsulaVarietyMeanAGT Katana 77.4 77.2 77.7 77.4 78.8 83.4 77.9 78.7 79.7 79.1 79.0 79.1 78.6 79.7 78.8 79.0Axe 75.0 72.8 74.0 73.9 77.3 79.6 74.4 73.1 76.1 75.8 76.4 76.1 75.0 75.1 73.4 74.5MeanBarham 74.4 78.4 74.4 68.5 73.9 74.0 72.4 73.2Catalina 77.0 77.1 77.4 77.2 79.0 83.4 78.2 76.9 79.4 78.4 77.9 78.2 78.8 79.6 78.5 79.0Clearfield Jnz 75.8 76.1 76.6 76.2 77.8 82.7 76.7 74.8 78.0 76.5 76.7 76.6 76.5 77.2 75.8 76.5Correll 73.6 73.5 74.8 74.0 76.1 77.6 75.7 71.9 75.3 74.6 74.4 74.5 76.1 75.6 74.4 75.4Derrimut 75.6 75.7 76.7 76.0 78.4 82.0 77.6 76.2 78.6 77.1 77.8 77.5 77.2 77.8 76.6 77.2Espada 73.4 75.1 74.6 74.4 77.0 80.2 75.0 72.8 76.3 75.2 75.6 75.4 76.7 76.4 74.8 76.0Estoc 76.5 77.5 77.4 77.1 79.5 82.1 78.0 77.1 79.2 78.5 79.0 78.8 79.0 79.0 78.2 78.7Frame 77.1 76.8 77.0 79.3 82.7 76.7 75.0 78.4 77.4 77.8 77.6 78.1 77.9 77.6Gladius 75.5 75.0 74.8 75.1 76.4 80.2 75.9 71.9 76.1 75.4 75.1 75.3 76.3 76.9 74.4 75.9Guardian 77.4 78.2 77.8 79.1 82.5 77.5 77.7 79.2 77.8 77.8 77.8 77.7 78.1 77.1Lincoln 76.7 74.9 76.8 76.1 76.6 81.6 76.8 75.4 77.6 76.9 76.1 76.5 77.3 78.4 77.2 77.6Mace 75.4 76.6 77.4 76.5 78.6 80.7 76.8 76.3 78.1 77.9 77.5 77.7 77.8 78.0 77.2 77.7Magenta 75.2 75.8 76.8 75.9 77.6 78.4 76.7 74.3 76.8 76.8 76.2 76.5 77.6 78.3 77.6 77.8Peake 73.5 76.0 77.6 75.7 76.6 80.0 76.7 74.8 77.0 76.1 76.0 76.1 76.9 76.6 75.8 76.4Pugsley 75.2 76.4 75.7 75.8 77.6 81.3 76.2 76.0 77.8 77.1 78.1 77.6 77.2 77.2 76.6 77.0Kord CL Plus 75.4 74.1 75.2 74.9 76.9 80.7 76.0 73.4 76.8 76.0 75.7 75.9 76.5 77.0 75.1 76.2Justica CL Plus 73.7 75.0 75.1 74.6 76.1 78.7 76.0 72.0 75.7 75.4 74.9 75.2 76.8 75.8 74.6 75.7Scout 77.6 78.1 78.7 78.1 80.5 83.6 79.1 77.7 80.2 79.7 79.2 79.5 79.1 80.5 80.0 79.9Wyalkatchem 76.3 76.8 77.9 77.0 77.9 81.0 77.8 74.2 77.7 77.9 77.7 77.8 78.3 78.4 77.6 78.1Yitpi 75.3 76.3 75.7 75.8 79.0 80.2 77.1 74.9 77.8 77.0 77.2 77.1 77.3 77.4 77.2 77.3Young 76.1 76.5 78.1 76.9 78.0 82.4 77.7 76.1 78.6 76.8 76.6 76.7 78.0 77.8 76.6 77.5MeanMeanVarietyMurray MalleeWanbiMeanUpper Eyre PeninsulaAGT Katana 79.0 82.0 77.4 76.6 76.7 78.3 84.6 77.5 84.4 80.1 79.1 77.0 80.5 79.2Axe 76.1 78.9 75.1 73.9 79.6 76.7 82.2 73.5 82.9 79.4 76.4 73.0 77.9 76.2Catalina 78.4 81.4 79.0 77.8 75.4 78.4 85.4 77.2 85.3 80.2 78.8 75.0 80.3 79.0Clearfield Jnz 76.4 79.4 76.9 75.9 76.8 77.1 82.2 75.8 83.2 77.9 76.1 74.0 78.2 77.3Correll 75.0 77.9 74.2 73.0 77.6 75.5 80.1 72.0 82.3 74.1 75.7 71.5 76.0 75.3Derrimut 76.0 80.4 77.2 77.1 78.1 77.8 83.1 76.4 84.2 78.0 77.1 73.1 78.7 77.8Espada 75.6 79.4 75.3 74.8 80.4 77.1 81.4 74.2 82.0 77.4 76.8 73.0 77.5 76.4Estoc 78.2 82.1 78.2 76.8 78.1 78.7 83.6 77.6 85.0 79.6 79.4 75.6 80.1 79.0StreakyBayFrame 76.8 82.0 77.1 76.0 74.9 77.4 84.5 75.1 84.3 80.7 79.4 74.7 79.8Gladius 75.4 79.4 74.9 75.0 76.1 76.2 82.0 74.6 82.7 77.2 77.6 72.8 77.8 76.3Lincoln 77.0 80.1 75.2 75.1 75.0 76.5 79.7 76.0 81.7 77.0 77.0 73.5 77.5 77.0Mace 76.1 81.3 77.5 76.2 75.7 77.4 82.1 76.5 83.6 80.6 78.8 76.2 79.6 78.0Magenta 76.1 80.6 76.7 75.4 76.0 77.0 80.8 75.2 83.1 76.5 78.0 72.1 77.6 77.0Peake 75.8 79.5 76.4 75.8 78.6 77.2 81.5 76.6 83.1 78.1 77.0 73.4 78.3 77.1Pugsley 75.9 79.8 76.8 75.6 77.2 77.1 81.6 75.4 83.4 77.2 78.4 73.6 78.3 77.4Kord CL Plus 75.7 79.7 75.2 74.8 76.5 76.4 81.2 75.2 83.2 77.6 77.7 72.3 77.9 76.6Justica CL Plus 74.4 79.2 75.4 74.5 75.9 75.9 79.4 74.7 81.8 76.0 77.0 71.2 76.7 75.8Scout 79.2 82.1 79.0 77.5 78.6 79.3 84.2 77.7 85.4 80.1 80.3 77.8 80.9 79.8Wyalkatchem 76.7 80.3 77.2 76.1 78.0 77.7 80.4 75.8 83.4 78.5 78.4 74.3 78.5 77.9Yitpi 76.7 80.9 77.0 75.7 77.4 77.5 83.0 75.3 83.8 80.5 78.5 73.5 79.1 77.7Young 76.9 79.9 76.9 76.4 77.8 77.6 83.0 76.4 84.5 78.4 76.5 74.8 78.9 77.9CumminsRudallUngarraBoolerooMintaroSpaldingTurretfieldSherwoodWolseleyPaskevilleUraniaWokurnaGeraniumNangariPinnarooWunkarMinnipaMitchelvilleNunjikompitaPenongWarrambooMeanall sitesmean2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 9

Crop Harvest Report 2011Wheat2010 Wheat variety performance for screenings (% < 2mm) across NVT sitesLower Eyre Peninsula Mid North South East Yorke PeninsulaMeanAGT Katana 2.7 4.9 6.6 4.7 0.8 1.7 0.7 2.8 1.5 1.2 1.9 1.6 1.0 2.0 1.1 1.4Axe 0.9 3.5 2.6 2.3 0.6 1.3 0.4 1.7 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.8MeanBarham 0.7 1.7 0.5 5.0 2.0 0.8 2.3 1.6Catalina 0.7 2.0 3.2 2.0 0.4 1.4 0.4 2.4 1.2 0.7 1.5 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.7Clearfield Jnz 0.4 1.8 1.7 1.3 0.3 1.4 0.6 3.4 1.4 0.9 1.5 1.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.6Correll 1.2 5.8 3.3 3.4 1.6 3.6 0.7 3.8 2.4 1.5 2.0 1.7 1.0 1.5 0.9 1.1Derrimut 1.3 3.6 2.8 2.6 0.6 2.8 0.4 4.7 2.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 1.6 1.0 1.2Espada 0.7 4.1 2.6 2.5 0.8 1.2 0.5 2.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.8Estoc 1.2 5.4 3.1 3.2 0.8 1.9 0.7 3.8 1.8 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.6 1.2Frame 5.0 4.8 4.9 0.6 2.4 1.0 3.0 1.7 1.6 1.9 1.7 0.6 0.9 1.0Gladius 0.6 3.4 3.1 2.4 0.8 1.6 0.4 2.5 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.8Guardian 1.8 4.3 3.1 1.2 2.9 1.0 2.9 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.6 0.9 1.8 2.2Lincoln 1.7 7.3 5.0 4.7 2.2 2.8 0.9 4.3 2.6 1.3 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5Mace 1.5 5.5 3.9 3.6 0.2 1.6 0.6 1.9 1.1 0.6 1.3 0.9 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9Magenta 1.6 3.0 4.7 3.1 0.9 3.1 0.8 3.2 2.0 1.1 2.0 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.0Peake 0.9 3.8 3.8 2.8 0.9 3.6 0.7 5.2 2.6 1.0 1.9 1.4 0.9 1.9 1.2 1.3Pugsley 1.1 4.4 4.1 3.2 0.4 2.1 0.9 2.7 1.5 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.4 0.9 1.2 0.8Kord CL Plus 0.9 6.1 6.3 4.4 0.8 1.9 1.1 2.0 1.5 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.0Justica CL Plus 0.6 3.2 2.3 2.1 0.5 1.2 0.3 3.3 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.7Scout 1.3 3.1 2.6 2.3 0.6 2.1 0.3 4.2 1.8 0.6 1.2 0.9 0.7 1.5 0.7 1.0Wyalkatchem 1.1 2.8 2.9 2.3 0.4 0.9 0.4 1.8 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.6Yitpi 2.3 5.6 3.2 3.7 1.1 2.9 0.9 3.9 2.2 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.5 2.0 1.6Young 0.9 2.1 3.2 2.1 0.5 1.4 0.5 3.8 1.6 0.6 1.9 1.3 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.8MeanMeanNang-ariMurray Mallee Upper Eyre Peninsula all sitesMeanStreakyBayCumminsRudallUngarraBoolerooMintaroSpaldingTurretfieldSherwoodWolseleyPaskevilleUraniaWokurnaGeraniumPinnarooWanbiWunkarMinnipaMitchelvilleNunjikompitaPenongWarrambooAGT Katana 1.9 0.3 2.4 3.5 1.8 2.0 2.4 4.3 0.8 1.9 1.8 3.2 2.4 2.2Axe 1.9 0.0 2.5 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.0 4.0 0.4 0.5 2.3 5.2 2.2 1.6Catalina 1.8 0.1 1.3 1.4 0.7 1.0 1.9 4.6 0.5 1.4 1.9 3.6 2.3 1.5Clearfield Jnz 1.5 0.2 1.3 1.2 3.2 1.5 3.7 3.6 0.4 1.4 1.3 2.7 2.2 1.5Correll 4.2 0.3 2.9 4.2 2.4 2.8 2.0 6.8 0.7 2.6 3.3 4.8 3.4 2.6Derrimut 2.9 0.1 2.0 1.8 2.7 1.9 3.0 3.0 0.6 3.9 2.0 5.5 3.0 2.1Espada 2.6 0.1 2.0 3.0 3.7 2.3 1.4 4.9 0.6 1.0 1.5 5.5 2.5 1.8Estoc 3.0 0.0 2.8 3.0 0.5 1.9 2.3 5.4 0.6 3.0 1.9 6.3 3.3 2.3Frame 3.7 0.1 2.5 2.9 2.0 2.2 1.0 9.5 0.6 0.5 2.1 5.0 3.1Gladius 2.2 0.2 1.9 2.4 2.6 1.8 0.9 5.3 0.6 1.4 2.1 4.2 2.4 1.7Lincoln 3.2 0.2 3.7 3.4 2.8 2.6 4.0 4.5 0.9 2.5 3.3 5.9 3.5 2.9Mace 2.8 0.0 2.0 3.3 1.2 1.8 1.7 3.8 0.5 0.8 1.7 4.2 2.1 1.8Magenta 3.1 0.3 2.2 2.5 3.3 2.3 2.2 6.2 0.6 1.4 2.5 4.6 2.9 2.3Peake 0.4 0.0 2.0 2.9 1.0 1.3 3.0 6.1 0.8 2.4 2.4 4.8 3.2 2.2Pugsley 3.0 0.1 2.3 2.6 1.5 1.9 2.2 4.8 0.6 1.9 2.1 3.9 2.6 2.0Kord CL Plus 4.0 0.1 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.0 8.8 0.5 1.5 2.8 4.8 3.4 2.4Justica CL Plus 1.6 0.0 2.0 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.9 4.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 2.8 1.8 1.4Scout 2.2 0.0 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.4 5.8 0.9 2.1 1.7 4.1 2.7 1.8Wyalkatchem 2.0 0.1 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.7 4.4 0.5 1.0 1.3 3.8 2.1 1.4Yitpi 3.7 0.1 3.1 3.6 1.2 2.3 2.2 7.4 1.0 1.1 3.1 4.8 3.3 2.6Young 2.0 0.2 1.4 2.7 1.6 1.6 3.4 4.2 0.6 3.2 1.6 4.1 2.9 1.8Meanmean10 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Wheat2010 Durum variety performance for grain protein (% at 11% moisture) across NVT sitesMid North Yorke Peninsula All sitesMintaro Spalding Turretfield mean Paskeville Urania Wokurna mean meanCaparoi 12.5 11.0 15.2 12.9 10.7 10.5 10.9 10.7 11.8Hyperno 11.9 8.4 15.8 12.0 10.0 9.0 9.2 9.4 10.7Kalka 12.2 9.8 13.5 11.8 10.6 9.6 10.0 10.1 10.9Saintly 12.1 9.6 14.2 12.0 10.4 10.1 10.4 10.3 11.1Tamaroi 13.3 11.2 14.4 13.0 10.9 10.2 11.3 10.8 11.9Tjilkuri 12.1 10.1 14.2 12.1 10.1 8.9 9.3 9.5 10.82010 Durum variety performance for screenings (%

Crop Harvest Report 2011Long season favourslate barley varietiesBy Rob Wheeler, Leader, New VarietyAgronomy, SARDIFollowing a similar performancein 2009, the new barley variety,O x f o r d , d o m i n a t e d S o u t hAustralian National Variety trials (NVT)in 2010. The long season and mild andwet spring conditions throughout muchof SA last year, were ideal for the verylate maturing variety Oxford to show itspotential.Oxford triumphed amid 22 commercialvarieties tested at 20, SARDI managed,NVT sites across South Australia in 2010.The trials, funded by GRDC, also testeda further 20 advanced lines from barleybreeding programs operating throughoutAustralia.Trailing Oxford across all sites wereVlamingh, Commander, Fleet andHindmarsh each with similar averageyields overall.Together with the older late seasonvariety, Capstan, these varietiescontended for top rankings within eachdistrict.Among the trials, two located at CookePlains and Keith, were consideredunacceptable due to variability stemmingfrom grassy weeds and establishmentissues.However the remaining trials producedan average yield of 3.86 t/ha, more than10 percent above the average 3.63 t/haproduced in 2009, with yields rangingfrom 2.01 t/ha at Lameroo to 5.39 t/haat Cummins.Barley grain yields benefited from thewet spring conditions but grain qualitywas more variable, particularly influencedby time of harvest in relation to rainfallevents.Across all NVT sites, averageFleet in most districts exceptgrain protein declined frombehind in the Murray Mallee11.6 percent in 2009 to 10.4and Central to Upper Eyrepercent in 2010.Peninsula.Average test weights alsoWith late maturity, Oxforddeclined from 68 to 66.4 kg/may be an option for areas likehl while grain size improved,the South East and districtswith screenings declining fromwhere Gairdner was successful,5.5 percent to 4.2 percent andalthough further evaluation isretentions rising, from 77.2 toRob Wheelerneeded.81.2 percent.Released as a feed variety, Oxford isWhile the relatively cool and mild undergoing malting quality evaluationwinter and spring conditions limited with final results due in 2012.disease development, fungal diseases Vlamingh, another later maturingwere still recorded at many sites.variety, was the second ranked varietyHigh levels of leaf rust were present across all NVT sites in 2010.throughout Yorke Peninsula and other Vlamingh has malting accreditation,sites while the spot and net forms of was developed by DAFWA for Westernnet blotch together with leaf scald were Australian and is commercialised inobserved at several sites albeit at less Eastern Australia by Viterra.damaging levels.Lacking CCN resistance and withOxford, produced remarkable yields intermediate levels of foliar diseasewhen compared to older established resistance, in long term comparisonsvarieties such as Keel, SloopSA and Vlamingh has averaged more than 5Schooner with more than a 25 percent percent below other malt options likeoverall advantage, but only led other Commander and Buloke in SA.newly released varieties, Vlamingh, Vlamingh is unlikely to have aCommander, Fleet and Hindmarsh by 11 significant role in South Australia.to 12 percent.Only just behind Vlamingh inOxford, developed by Nickersons and overall yield rankings were the group,PlantTech is late maturing, has good Commander, Fleet and Hindmarshresistance to leaf rust and powdery with less than one percent separatingmildew, but lacks CCN resistance and is each. 2010 cemented the position ofsusceptible to spot form net blotch. Commander in SA, as a high yieldingIts combination of maturity and disease malting quality option with the seasonalresistance was an advantage in many conditions well suited to its mid maturity.regions in 2010, particularly the Yorke Commander averaged more than 13Peninsula where many sites were affected percent above Schooner and SloopSAby leaf rust.and 2 percent above Buloke performingDespite these results, growers should consistently in most districts except theconsider the long term predicted Mid North where its susceptibility to leafperformance of Oxford which is more scald could be implicated.modest and aligns with Commander and In previous seasons, Commander has12 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011BarleySA Barley Variety Yield Performance (2010 and long term, 2004-2010, expressed as a t/ha and % of site average yield)Variety LOWER EYRE PENINSULA UPPER EYRE PENINSULA MURRAY MALLEE2010 (% siteaverage)Long Term average acrosssites(04-10)2010 (% site average) Long Term average acrosssites(04-10)2010 (% site average) Long Term average acrosssites(04-10)t/ha as %sitesaverage#trialsDarkePeakStreakyBayt/ha as %sitesaverage#trialsCookePlainsCumminsWanillaEllistonMinnipaWharmindaLamerooParuna t/ha as % sitesaverage#trialsBarque 97 88 3.15 102 18 108 94 97 104 92 2.26 108 24 106 93 1.60 109 20Baudin 89 90 3.08 99 20 92 102 93 107 113 2.09 100 20 96 109 1.47 101 20Buloke 101 91 3.28 106 20 106 101 97 99 85 2.22 106 24 99 109 1.62 111 20Capstan 108 98 3.28 106 11 - - - - - 2.25 107 3 - - 1.52 104 4Commander 103 95 3.32 107 20 99 103 104 109 94 2.23 107 24 111 114 1.62 111 20Finniss 96 84 2.86 92 16 91 91 99 98 81 2.00 95 7 GRASS 76 89 1.36 93 10Flagship 91 95 3.11 100 20 101 96 93 102 87 2.15 103 24 WEEDS 101 92 1.59 108 20Fleet 100 106 3.36 108 20 102 105 98 120 70 2.39 114 24 NO 101 102 1.66 113 20Gairdner 85 84 3.00 97 18 - - - - - 2.06 98 12 VALID - - 1.47 101 17Hindmarsh 105 104 3.44 111 14 94 105 108 104 87 2.38 114 17 RESULT 101 101 1.71 117 13Keel 80 81 3.27 105 20 - 96 118 98 78 2.40 115 23 93 92 1.61 110 20Maritime 90 87 3.20 103 20 80 90 94 111 108 2.17 104 24 108 96 1.53 105 20Oxford 115 112 3.42 110 7 109 114 98 107 159 2.16 103 8 114 123 1.47 101 6Schooner 83 93 2.97 96 20 91 93 87 90 66 2.06 98 24 92 87 1.48 101 20Scope 101 92 3.13 101 5 103 94 99 90 83 2.15 103 8 108 100 1.54 105 6Sloop SA 88 85 3.05 98 20 96 94 94 107 75 2.11 101 24 104 91 1.56 106 20Vlamingh 104 110 3.16 102 20 108 105 100 99 115 2.11 100 24 102 105 1.50 103 20Yarra 101 112 3.32 107 20 110 111 99 108 135 2.28 109 24 - - 1.53 105 17Site av. yield t/ha 5.39 5 3.10 2.66 3.8 4.38 2.9 2.89 2.10 2.01 3.46 1.46LSD (%) 9 12 10 8 5 14 16 10 10Date Sown 31 May 26 May 31 May 26 May 7 June 10 June 2 June 1 June 26 MaySoil Type CL S CL S L SL NWS LS/SL LS/CL LS/CLA-O Rain (2010)mm377 380 270 409 345 377 341 299 306 236PHw 8.1 6.7 8.4 8.0 8.4 8.2 6.8 6.1 6.7 7.3Site Stress factors lr lr,nn,ns ns,nn r,ls,ns lr,ns,nn wgAbbreviationsSoil type: S=sand, L=loam, C=clay, Li=light, M=medium, H=heavy, F=fine, NW=non wetting / = separates top soil from sub soilSite stress factors: ,ls=late sown, lr=leaf rust, r=rhizoctonia, nn= net form net blotch, ns= spot form net blotch, r=rhizoctonia, wg=grass wedsData source: SARDI/GRDC & NVT (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites)Data analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics Group2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 13

Crop Harvest Report 2011been less impressive under tight finishingconditions but this was not experiencedin 2010.Commander has CCN resistance andonly modest foliar disease resistance andtherefore should not be grown on barleystubble.However it has excellent grainplumpness, low screenings and highretentions albeit with slightly lower testweights and grain protein which wereagain seen in 2010 trials.These yield and grain characteristicswill ensure that Commander is one ofthe most profitable varieties to grow inmany districts, with a greater likelihoodof achieving malt grain quality.Just trailing Commander was thefeed quality variety, Fleet, which hasdemonstrated wide adaptation byperformed well over many seasons.D e v e l o p e d b y t h e S A B a r l e yImprovement Program, Fleet is similar toBarque in maturity, performs well acrossa range of soils including light sandy soilsand has an excellent spectrum of diseaseresistances including CCN resistance.Fleet is a good option for all districts,and across several years of NVT, hasproduced a similar average test weightto Keel with less than half the amount ofscreenings.Fleet is also suitable for stubblesituations and deeper sowing, by virtue ofis long coleoptile.Having been evaluated over three dryseasons, with outstanding results, thefood grade variety, Hindmarsh, has beenless impressive under the longer seasonconditions experienced in 2009 and 2010.Despite this, the recent resultsfrom both Hindmarsh and Fleet havebeen relatively good considering theirearly maturities, with their long termadvantages of 15 to 17 percent overSchooner and Sloop types, maintained in2010. Some variation in the performanceof Hindmash at NVT sites in 2010could be attributed either to its usefulresistance to leaf scald, or its moderatesusceptibility to leaf rust and spot formnet blotch, which were present at severalsites.G r o w e r s a r e r e m i n d e d t h a tHindmarsh has a short coleoptile andits establishment and yield can becompromised by deep sowing, fungicideamended seed treatments and preemergentherbicides that affect coleoptilelength.With its recently announced food gradeclassification, which will allow marketersto potentially extract premiums overfeed grades, Hindmarsh remains a goodfeed variety option for most districtsalthough its short height and lower yieldmay preclude it from drier areas such asCentral and Upper Eyre Peninsula.While the yield gap between the maltingvarieties, Buloke and Flagship widened in2010 presumably in part due to the midto late maturity of Buloke, both maintaina clear yield advantage over Schoonerand Sloop types.Over the longer term, there is littleseparating these varieties with Flagshipoffering CCN resistance and much betterspot form net blotch resistance, whileBuloke lacks CCN resistance but hasbetter leaf scald resistance and slightlyhigher yield potential.Both varieties have excellent maltingquality suited to export markets withFlagship generally higher in screeningsand Buloke lower in test weight thanSchooner.Greater boron toxicity symptoms, leafnecrosis and susceptibility to sproutinghave curbed interest in Flagship onfarm, but market demand is strong andrewards are high for those who persistwith Flagship.Notwithstanding, Flagship should beharvested without delay once the crop ismature and and while enabling earlierharvest, windrowing may exacerbate thesprouting risk with this variety.The recently released imidazolinonetolerant feed variety, Scope performedvery similarly to Buloke, across all districtsin 2010.These varieties are agronomicallysimilar in all respects and despite thelimited evaluation of Scope within NVT,current results confirm it to have a similaradaptation to Buloke in SA.Marketed by AWB Seeds, grower interestin Scope will be high, since it offers anoption for troublesome grass controlusing an appropriate BASF Clearfieldherbicide.Herbicide use registration is currentlybeing sought with an outcome expectedprior to 2011 seeding.Keel and Maritime, with their relativelyearly maturity were not expected toperform well in 2010.However Maritime produced goodresults, despite the presence and itssusceptibility to net form net blotch,while Keel was well down, averaging12 percent below Hindmarsh, excepton Central Eyre Peninsula, where theabsence of leaf rust enabled it to yield topotential.More information:Rob Wheeler (08) 8303 9480Rob.Wheeler@sa.gov.au14 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Barley2010 Barley variety performance for screenings (% < 2.2mm) across NVT sitesLower Eyre Peninsula Mid North Murray Mallee South East Central and Upper Eyre Peninsula Yorke Peninsula all sitesmean CrystalBrookSaltersSpringsCumminsWanillaTurretfieldmean LamerooParunamean DarkePeakStreakyBaymean BordertownEllistonMinnipaWharmindaBarque 0.8 7.3 4.0 5.9 2.3 5.4 4.5 1.0 0.2 0.6 3.6 2.6 18.1 1.7 2.4 5.7 0.6 3.5 2.5 1.7 2.1Baudin 1.1 20.2 10.7 1.3 2.2 29.1 10.9 1.0 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.2 24.1 2.4 52.6 1.1 3.6 16.7 0.5 9.1 30.4 2.0 10.5 10.7Buloke 1.1 9.9 5.5 2.9 2.6 11.5 5.6 1.1 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 3.1 2.8 34.9 3.0 1.7 9.1 0.9 10.8 8.5 3.9 6.0 5.8Capstan 3.0 30.1 16.6 4.5 3.5 18.6 8.9 1.8 1.8 2.1 13.5 15.8 5.9 9.3Commander 1.5 8.5 5.0 4.3 0.8 11.8 5.6 1.6 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.1 7.1 5.6 26.8 3.8 2.0 9.1 0.8 2.5 6.5 1.8 2.9 5.2Finniss 1.2 12.7 7.0 3.8 3.4 25.0 10.7 5.7 1.7 3.7 3.0 3.0 10.7 4.3 40.9 3.0 4.6 12.7 1.8 3.3 9.7 2.7 4.4 8.1Flagship 0.5 7.8 4.2 4.9 1.8 5.6 4.1 1.5 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.7 5.5 3.2 33.8 1.3 1.8 9.1 0.6 3.8 10.4 3.7 4.6 5.2Fleet 0.2 4.1 2.1 1.9 0.8 9.0 3.9 1.4 0.4 0.9 0.3 0.3 3.9 1.7 15.6 1.8 0.3 4.7 0.2 1.7 0.7 0.5 0.8 2.6Gairdner 3.4 19.9 11.7 1.3 4.8 24.8 10.3 2.9 2.9 0.6 7.4 19.5 5.4 8.2Hindmarsh 0.2 6.8 3.5 1.8 1.5 8.8 4.0 2.0 0.5 1.3 2.6 2.6 2.9 3.7 11.5 2.2 4.5 4.9 0.8 4.4 4.3 1.8 2.8 3.5Keel 1.0 12.3 6.6 2.8 2.5 9.0 4.8 1.7 0.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.6 9.0 6.6 3.2 5.1 0.9 6.9 4.2 3.4 3.8 4.2Maritime 0.5 6.5 3.5 2.0 1.2 5.4 2.9 0.8 0.1 0.4 1.4 1.6 6.5 1.0 1.0 2.3 0.3 5.3 2.0 1.1 2.2Oxford 0.3 7.5 3.9 2.0 1.9 13.1 5.7 1.5 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.1 9.3 4.7 15.1 2.0 1.3 6.5 0.5 1.6 4.0 0.7 1.7 4.0Schooner 0.9 5.0 2.9 1.8 1.5 6.7 3.3 1.6 0.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 5.5 2.6 17.6 3.4 1.7 6.2 0.6 4.3 5.8 2.8 3.3 3.7Scope 0.5 6.0 3.3 2.3 2.0 11.5 5.3 1.5 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.5 3.6 2.4 27.5 3.4 1.3 7.6 0.4 12.6 5.0 5.9 6.0 5.1Sloop SA 1.4 5.3 3.3 1.8 1.3 8.9 4.0 1.9 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.3 3.7 3.3 10.5 1.4 2.5 4.3 0.6 4.4 7.5 3.9 4.1 3.5Vlamingh 0.2 2.4 1.3 0.9 0.5 10.8 4.1 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 6.1 1.4 15.1 0.5 1.1 4.8 0.1 1.0 5.4 2.5 2.3 2.9Yarra 0.6 4.1 2.3 2.2 1.2 16.8 6.7 0.9 0.9 4.0 0.7 34.6 1.2 0.7 8.3PortClintonmeanmean2010 Barley variety performance for retention (% > 2.5mm) across NVT sitesLower Eyre Peninsula Mid North Murray Mallee South East Central and Upper Eyre Peninsula Yorke Peninsula all sitesmean CrystalBrookSaltersSpringsmean ArthurtonBrentwoodWarookaCumminsWanillaTurretfieldmean LamerooParunamean DarkePeakStreakyBaymean BordertownEllistonMinnipaWharmindaBarque 95.9 69.2 82.6 70.7 91.7 72.3 78.2 95.1 95.7 95.4 74.5 80.3 26.6 89.5 86.7 71.5 96.5 78.9 81.3 86.9 85.9Baudin 90.2 36.1 63.2 92.8 88.5 21.0 67.4 97.3 97.6 97.5 92.9 92.9 29.8 80.0 10.5 93.2 78.4 58.4 97.0 54.7 21.0 83.9 64.1 68.5Buloke 92.9 51.6 72.2 79.8 88.6 34.7 67.7 94.2 98.2 96.2 94.8 94.8 67.0 72.1 9.8 85.9 84.6 63.9 94.0 47.5 44.0 74.9 65.1 71.4Capstan 85.3 29.4 57.3 77.8 79.7 45.4 67.6 90.0 90.0 86.5 46.8 35.9 64.9 58.5Commander 94.5 65.2 79.8 82.7 96.7 58.8 79.4 94.7 97.1 95.9 91.7 91.7 64.7 73.6 25.0 87.4 89.9 68.1 97.3 84.9 65.4 90.3 84.5 80.0Finniss 79.8 50.6 65.2 71.6 74.9 23.3 56.6 71.2 68.1 69.7 80.2 80.2 48.1 70.4 18.7 80.7 65.7 56.7 77.7 69.9 44.2 77.8 67.4 63.1Flagship 98.0 67.1 82.5 76.9 93.1 73.8 81.2 93.5 96.7 95.1 97.0 97.0 66.3 84.5 15.2 91.0 89.7 69.3 95.3 80.0 50.2 74.4 75.0 79.0Fleet 99.0 73.5 86.2 85.7 93.4 65.1 81.4 94.0 97.3 95.7 97.6 97.6 67.8 85.3 21.2 88.8 96.8 72.0 98.1 82.9 90.8 93.8 91.4 84.2Gairdner 75.2 32.1 53.7 90.1 72.6 21.8 61.5 80.7 80.7 93.4 57.1 24.1 68.3 60.7Hindmarsh 98.5 69.0 83.7 89.9 93.1 64.3 82.4 92.4 96.0 94.2 89.3 89.3 81.6 82.5 36.7 90.0 79.9 74.1 94.2 80.4 77.1 90.0 85.4 82.6Keel 95.3 51.5 73.4 88.9 93.6 63.4 81.9 95.7 98.2 96.9 96.4 96.4 91.9 53.1 87.4 83.8 79.0 95.8 65.8 73.4 74.3 77.3 81.8Maritime 96.7 70.9 83.8 91.0 93.7 75.7 86.8 97.6 99.2 98.4 91.5 89.7 54.9 94.9 93.3 84.8 97.9 78.8 84.7 90.4 88.0Oxford 97.6 66.9 82.2 85.7 87.1 46.0 72.9 89.7 94.8 92.2 91.1 91.1 38.6 67.7 32.2 84.9 91.6 63.0 94.2 89.3 65.2 93.3 85.5 77.4Schooner 95.8 76.8 86.3 88.9 93.0 65.8 82.6 92.5 97.8 95.2 95.8 95.8 67.9 85.7 25.1 88.9 89.6 71.4 95.9 69.5 59.4 78.4 75.8 80.4Scope 95.5 57.3 76.4 80.8 89.6 37.3 69.2 93.7 98.4 96.0 96.1 96.1 63.1 74.0 14.7 84.7 85.5 64.4 95.6 43.7 55.7 66.3 65.3 72.5Sloop SA 96.3 77.4 86.8 90.5 95.0 62.5 82.6 95.6 97.9 96.8 96.5 96.5 82.6 83.2 34.8 92.7 87.8 76.2 96.9 76.8 66.8 73.7 78.5 82.8Vlamingh 99.0 79.7 89.4 95.9 97.3 40.4 77.9 97.9 99.2 98.6 97.7 97.7 66.5 91.1 25.5 96.9 91.3 74.3 98.8 92.8 66.7 75.4 83.4 83.1Yarra 96.7 77.9 87.3 87.7 94.4 40.6 74.2 94.0 94.0 76.3 93.9 17.0 94.8 96.0 75.6PortClintonmean ArthurtonBrentwoodWarookameanmean16 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Barley2010 Barley variety performance for test weight (kg/hl) across NVT sitesLower Eyre Peninsula Mid North Murray Mallee South East Central and Upper Eyre Peninsula Yorke Peninsula all sitesmean CrystalBrookSaltersSpringsCumminsWanillaTurretfieldmean LamerooParunamean DarkePeakStreakyBaymean BordertownEllistonMinnipaWharmindaBarque 65.2 64.0 64.6 65.6 64.0 60.5 63.4 67.4 63.5 65.5 68.9 68.4 64.7 68.8 64.5 67.1 67.6 66.0 68.3 64.5 66.6Baudin 65.2 62.9 64.1 69.1 65.0 58.9 64.3 71.0 65.1 68.1 67.5 67.5 63.1 66.4 61.1 68.9 63.2 64.5 67.9 62.0 60.0 65.5 63.9 64.9Buloke 66.5 65.1 65.8 68.5 64.9 62.0 65.1 69.4 65.5 67.5 67.0 67.0 68.7 68.6 64.9 68.0 65.4 67.1 68.1 63.6 67.0 64.5 65.8 66.3Capstan 65.0 62.6 63.8 67.6 63.9 59.0 63.5 64.4 64.4 66.5 63.0 63.4 61.6 63.6Commander 66.9 66.9 66.9 66.8 65.1 58.5 63.5 67.5 63.4 65.5 65.6 65.6 66.5 66.0 63.9 67.8 65.2 65.9 67.0 66.8 67.7 63.8 66.3 65.6Finniss 71.4 66.4 68.9 72.6 70.1 61.2 68.0 68.6 62.5 65.6 73.6 73.6 67.1 67.0 60.0 64.1 66.5 64.9 72.1 64.9 74.3 77.1 72.1 68.2Flagship 63.0 68.1 65.6 68.1 64.4 59.5 64.0 69.6 64.4 67.0 62.2 62.2 69.9 70.4 66.4 72.6 66.0 69.1 69.0 68.8 70.3 66.5 68.7 67.0Fleet 66.1 66.4 66.3 66.6 64.0 58.1 62.9 68.2 62.0 65.1 65.0 65.0 65.4 67.4 63.4 67.5 64.5 65.6 67.4 66.3 70.1 68.1 68.0 65.7Gairdner 65.1 64.4 64.8 70.9 64.4 60.6 65.3 66.1 66.1 68.1 64.2 65.2 63.4 65.2Hindmarsh 68.7 68.2 68.5 68.3 67.4 62.5 66.1 67.6 65.4 66.5 66.4 66.4 71.8 69.4 68.7 69.8 64.0 68.7 68.2 68.4 70.4 67.5 68.6 67.8Keel 65.4 64.1 64.8 67.6 65.0 68.2 66.9 67.0 64.6 65.8 65.6 65.6 68.6 67.4 67.5 63.6 66.8 67.8 65.6 67.0 66.4 66.7 66.3Maritime 65.6 64.2 64.9 67.4 64.2 61.5 64.4 67.1 63.7 65.4 70.5 66.6 66.6 68.0 64.9 67.3 66.9 64.4 68.3 65.2 66.2Oxford 66.9 67.4 67.2 69.8 65.7 64.7 66.7 66.5 64.1 65.3 66.9 66.9 65.4 66.6 68.6 67.4 65.7 66.7 66.4 67.4 69.1 66.6 67.4 66.8Schooner 66.7 68.4 67.6 68.8 65.6 63.4 65.9 69.7 64.4 67.1 67.0 67.0 70.4 68.4 68.3 69.2 65.9 68.4 68.6 67.4 70.1 66.5 68.2 67.6Scope 67.0 66.6 66.8 68.1 65.3 61.7 65.0 69.0 66.0 67.5 67.7 67.7 68.9 68.1 65.1 68.4 64.6 67.0 68.6 63.2 67.0 64.4 65.8 66.5Sloop SA 65.6 66.1 65.9 68.1 65.3 63.4 65.6 67.2 63.1 65.2 64.9 64.9 69.8 66.7 67.0 68.7 64.6 67.4 67.2 66.1 68.2 64.1 66.4 66.2Vlamingh 68.7 68.4 68.6 69.5 67.8 63.0 66.8 70.4 67.0 68.7 68.4 68.4 68.4 69.8 67.2 70.6 67.5 68.7 70.1 69.8 68.2 65.0 68.3 68.2Yarra 65.9 69.0 67.5 67.1 65.1 59.5 63.9 66.2 66.2 69.4 69.0 63.1 68.9 67.8 67.6PortClintonmeanmean2010 Barley variety performance for grain protein (% at 0% moisture) across NVT sitesLower Eyre Peninsula Mid North Murray Mallee South East Central and Upper Eyre Peninsula Yorke Peninsula all sitesmean CrystalBrookSaltersSpringsmean ArthurtonBrentwoodWarookaCumminsWanillaTurretfieldmean LamerooParunamean DarkePeakStreakyBaymean BordertownEllistonMinnipaWharmindaBarque 10.7 12.2 11.5 10.1 10.6 14.2 11.6 8.0 8.6 8.3 10.6 11.3 15.7 11.0 11.5 12.0 9.3 10.4 13.0 9.6 10.6Baudin 9.7 11.3 10.5 8.4 9.2 14.2 10.6 8.3 9.0 8.7 10.0 10.0 10.7 10.2 13.7 10.3 10.8 11.1 8.1 10.2 12.8 9.3 10.1 10.4Buloke 10.1 11.9 11.0 8.1 9.6 13.1 10.3 7.6 8.7 8.2 9.6 9.6 8.8 10.1 13.2 10.4 10.5 10.6 8.1 9.7 11.3 7.9 9.3 9.9Capstan 9.9 11.9 10.9 8.2 9.4 15.1 10.9 9.8 9.8 7.4 11.1 13.0 9.2 10.2Commander 9.9 10.7 10.3 8.2 9.6 13.3 10.4 7.2 9.1 8.2 10.0 10.0 9.2 10.4 13.3 10.1 10.4 10.7 8.3 9.6 11.2 8.7 9.5 10.0Finniss 11.2 11.9 11.6 9.6 10.0 16.0 11.9 9.1 8.9 9.0 11.4 11.4 11.2 11.3 15.4 11.6 12.9 12.5 8.9 11.7 13.4 11.3 11.3 11.5Flagship 9.9 12.3 11.1 9.1 10.5 14.4 11.3 8.2 9.0 8.6 10.5 10.5 10.0 10.2 15.0 11.0 11.6 11.6 8.7 10.1 13.4 9.8 10.5 10.8Fleet 10.2 11.6 10.9 8.6 10.5 14.4 11.2 7.6 8.9 8.3 10.1 10.1 9.9 10.5 14.6 10.9 11.7 11.5 8.7 10.5 11.7 9.8 10.2 10.6Gairdner 9.8 11.6 10.7 8.8 9.8 15.2 11.3 9.6 9.6 7.7 10.6 12.2 8.6 9.8Hindmarsh 10.5 11.6 11.1 9.5 10.5 13.7 11.2 8.0 9.4 8.7 10.7 10.7 10.4 10.4 13.8 10.6 10.0 11.0 9.0 10.2 11.9 8.9 10.0 10.5Keel 10.0 11.9 11.0 9.8 10.2 12.9 11.0 8.4 9.3 8.9 10.4 10.4 10.2 13.3 11.1 10.6 11.3 8.7 9.9 11.3 8.9 9.7 10.4Maritime 10.5 11.2 10.9 9.0 10.1 14.0 11.0 8.1 9.8 9.0 11.6 10.5 14.7 11.0 11.0 11.8 8.6 10.6 12.9 9.0 10.3Oxford 9.1 12.0 10.6 8.0 8.7 14.3 10.3 6.6 8.2 7.4 9.6 9.6 10.1 9.8 14.7 9.7 10.8 11.0 6.6 9.6 11.7 7.9 9.0 9.8Schooner 10.1 10.5 10.3 8.8 10.2 13.7 10.9 8.4 9.1 8.8 10.0 10.0 10.1 10.1 14.8 11.0 11.9 11.6 8.8 9.0 11.7 9.5 9.8 10.5Scope 9.6 11.1 10.4 8.6 10.2 13.9 10.9 7.7 8.7 8.2 9.9 9.9 9.3 10.6 13.2 10.4 10.8 10.9 8.0 9.5 11.3 8.9 9.4 10.1Sloop SA 10.1 11.5 10.8 9.2 10.3 14.4 11.3 8.3 9.0 8.7 10.1 10.1 9.9 11.1 14.3 10.7 10.6 11.3 8.9 9.9 12.0 9.4 10.1 10.6Vlamingh 9.9 12.2 11.1 8.9 10.3 15.6 11.6 8.4 9.4 8.9 10.8 10.8 10.9 10.3 15.6 10.7 11.5 11.8 9.1 9.6 12.5 9.2 10.1 10.9Yarra 9.3 10.5 9.9 8.6 9.7 12.9 10.4 9.6 9.6 9.4 10.4 14.0 10.5 11.8 11.2PortClintonmean ArthurtonBrentwoodWarookameanmean2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 17

Crop Harvest Report 2011High yields and blacklegfeature in 2010 canolaBy Trent Potter,Research Scientist, SARDI, StruanThe season in 2010 started with avariable break with most canolatrials sown in late April to midMay except for Tooligie, Minlaton andArthurton which were not sown until rainin late May.Mouse damage affected emergence atArthurton and Turretfield. Good winterand spring rains and particularly mildspring temperatures resulted in goodgrowth and generally high grain yields.The level of blackleg that we detectedat all sites was higher than for the pastfew years, particularly for the sylvestrisderived resistance. Worst affected siteswere at Bordertown, Frances and Boollagoon where very high April rainfalloccurred.As NVT trials are sown with untreatedseed some varieties with good blacklegresistance (MR) showed significantblackleg at some trial sites. However, ina trial conducted at Struan, data showedthat these higher levels of blacklegresulted in less yield loss in 2010 thanwhen we had a hotter drier spring in2008.The extreme rainfall that began in lateNovember affected many canola cropsand trials with delayed harvest. Lodgingwas noted at several sites especially in theClearfield varieties. Generally oil contentswere high.Most trials were successfully harvested.However, no significant differencebetween the conventional varietiesat Mount Hope and Turretfield meantthat NVT did not release the results.Clearfield and triazine tolerant trialsat Frances were waterlogged whileClearfield and triazine tolerant trialsat Turretfield suffered from pooremergence.All of the early maturity sites (exceptLameroo) produced high grainyields with Keith and Minlatonaveraging over 2.1 t/ha forthe conventional varieties. Alltrials averaged over 2.5 t/ha forthe mid season conventionalvarieties except Riverton,Spalding and Bordertown.The choice of most suitablecanola variety for any situation willoften follow a consideration of maturity,herbicide tolerance, blackleg resistanceand early vigour together with relativeyield and oil content. In relation to someof these issues the following points can bemade:• The weed species expected maydictate the need for a herbicide tolerantproduction system (e.g., triazine tolerantor Clearfield). Remember that a triazinetolerant variety will incur a yield and oilpenalty when grown in situations wherethey are not warranted.• Varietal blackleg resistance and/orfungicide use should be considered,particularly when rotations are close.Due to the high levels of blackleg inmany areas in SA, it is very importantthat canola crops are grown at least500 metres away from last years canolapaddock.As well, if you have used the samevariety for three years or more there isan increased chance of blackleg that canattack that variety. Therefore it is evenmore important to keep the same varietyat least 500 metres away from stubble ofthat variety.There has been a wide range of newvarieties available for 2011 sowings. Manyof these varieties are hybrids and thelikelihood is that in future many morehybrids will be released.When you make your choice about newvarieties you should rely on NVT datafrom the NVT website and any of yourown ideas from observing trials in 2010.Trent PotterThe new blackleg ratings will bereleased in early March and willbe available on the AustralianOilseeds Federation website:www.australianoilseeds.comConventional varietiesIn the early maturity sites,B r a s s i c a j u n c e a v a r i e t i e sproduced lower yields than canola evenat the lower yield level of Lameroo.Generally trials in 2010 produced grainyields, above the yield level where Junceacanola would be expected to excel. Highgrain yields were produced by AV Garnet,Hyola 433 and Hyola 50.The new variety CB Agamax yieldedabove the site mean at all early sites,however only produced over the sitemean at Spalding in the mid season sites.Clearfield varietiesIn many of the mid season Clearfieldtrials lodging occurred to a high degree.In particular, several of the PioneerHi-Bred varieties lodged.The best yielding newer Pioneerhybrids were 44Y84 which is an early-midmaturing variety that produced goodyields at Mount Hope, Riverton andSpalding, and 46Y83 which is a mid-latehybrid that performed well at all sitesexcept Bool Lagoon in the South East.Long term yield data shows that therewas little difference in yield between44Y84 and the Pacific Seeds hybrids in allregions except the South East. Long termdata showed 46Y83 produced similaryields to the better Clearfield varietiesbut was even higher yielding in the midnorth.Pacific Seeds have released two newClearfield hybrids although seed is inshort supply.Hyola 575CL is to replace Hyola 571CLand yielded similarly at most sites butbetter at Riverton and Bordertown.18 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011CanolaEarly season maturity canola trials 2010 and long term2010 % site mean Long term 2004-2010Entry Spalding Keith Tooligie Minlaton Lameroo Mid North Yorke P Upper EP South East% % % % % t/ha # trials t/ha # trials t/ha # trials t/ha # trialsConventionalAV Garnet 120 124 125 107 129 1.87 3 1.51 3 2.12 3CB Agamax 121 121 105 106 117Hyola 433 136 118 120 102 122Hyola 50 113 125 117 121 108 1.81 5 1.91 6 1.48 4 2.13 5Oasis CL 88 69 75 86 68SaharaCL 71 60 70 80 59Tarcoola 71 71 94 86 102 1.50 5 1.59 6 1.25 4 1.69 5Site mean (t/ha) 1.51 2.65 1.50 2.43 1.11 1.44 1.49 1.17 1.66LSD (%) 15 11 9 14 8Triazine tolerantATR Cobbler 87 101 100 89 110 1.40 5 1.63 5 1.38 3 1.51 4ATR Snapper 97 112 110 92 107ATR Stingray 98 107 119 104 110CB Jardee HT 94 104 105 105CB Junee HT 145 114 114CB Mallee HT 88 92 83 96 98CB Scaddan 87 98 93 102 88 1.36 3 1.62 3 1.33 3 1.54 3CB Tanami 62 86 86 84 105 1.33 5 1.54 5 1.30 3 1.46 4CB Telfer 66 88 88 73 108 1.22 3 1.35 3 1.22 3 1.32 3CB Tumby HT 105 98 108 95Fighter TT 101 102 103 111 85Tawriffic TT 92 109 105 95 97 1.39 4 1.62 4 1.39 3 1.60 4CrusherTT 106Hyola 444TT 102 93Hyola 555TT 128Site mean (t/ha) 1.02 2.15 1.48 2.80 1.18 1.46 1.67 1.42 1.65LSD (%) 24 10 9 10 8Date sown 29-Apr 4-May 26-May 25-May 13-MaySoil Type CLS/ZCL S/C SL SCL LA-O Rain (2010) 384 339 304 396 231pHwater 5.4 6.5 8.4 8.1 8Site stresses pe, wBlackleg 20, 17 10, 39 36, 40AbbreviationsSoil type: S=sand, L=loam, C=clay, Li=light, M=medium, H=heavy, F=fine,Site stress factors: lo = lodging, bl = blackleg, f = frost, h = hail, htg = high temp at grain fill, wa = waterloggingBlackleg data: Polygenic variety: TawrifficTT, Sylvestris variety: Surpass 501TT% average blackleg infectionData source: NVT & SARDI/GRDC (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites, 2004-2010)Data analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics Group2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 19

Crop Harvest Report 2011The later maturing Hyola 676CLproduced lower grain yields than Hyola575CL at Yeelanna, Riverton, BoolLagoon and Arthurton but similarlyelsewhere.Where we had enough sites for thelong term analysis both Hyola 575CL andHyola 676CL were slightly higher yieldingthan Hyola 571CL.To manage blackleg well we recommendthat farmers change varieties frequentlyand we now have a range of Clearfieldoptions to allow this to happen.Triazine tolerant varietiesThe herbicide group with the greatestvariation in yield was the triazine tolerantcanola with blackleg susceptible varietiesbeing severely affected and varietieswith good resistance producing yieldswell over the site mean at Mount Hope,Bordertown and Bool Lagoon whereblackleg was very severe.Ten new varieties are available for 2011although seed will be in short supply forseveral of these.In the early to early-mid category CBJunee HT produced good grain yieldsin the early maturity trials at Spalding,Tooligie and Minlaton.ATR-Stingray (tested as NT0045), anearly maturing, short variety fromNuseed, produced high grain yields at allearly sites except Spalding.It also yielded well at Mount Hope,Yeelanna and Bool Lagoon in the midseason trials. ATR-Snapper (tested asNT0049) is an early-mid variety fromNuseed with good yields at Keith,Tooligie and Lameroo.Hyola 444TT (tested as T98002) is anearly maturing hybrid from Pacific Seedsbut was only included at Minlaton andLameroo as seed was late. At Minlatonit yielded similarly to CB Scaddan butwas relatively poorer at Lameroo. Itneeds further testing. FighterTT (testedas T2181) is an early-mid variety fromPacific Seeds. It yielded above the sitemean at all early sites except Lamerooand all mid season sites except Yeelannaand Arthurton.A range of mid season varieties has alsobeen released. CrusherTT from PacificSeeds produced high grain yields at allsites.ThumperTT (tested as T2214) is a midlateopen pollinated variety from PacificSeeds. It yielded at or near the top of alltrials except Arthurton.A similar long season hybrid TT is Hyola751TT which, although released for 2010,was only tested at a few sites in 2009. Inthe 2010 mid season sites Hyola 751TTproduced well above the site mean atmost sites, especially those sites whereblackleg was severe.Hyola 555TT (tested as T2522) is a midearlyhybrid TT. As with several othervarieties it yielded above the site mean atall mid season sites in 2010.Monola 603TT (mid season, tested asNL0110) and Monola 704TT (mid-lateseason, tested as NL0120) are two newspecialty varieties released by Nuseed.Yields were similar to Monola 76TT andMonola 77TT and performance of oneor other of them tended to be best in theSouth East and on Yorke Peninsula.To manage blackleg well we recommendthat farmers change varieties frequentlyand we now have a range of mid seasontriazine tolerant options to allow this tohappen.More information:Trent Potter (08) 8762 9132Trent.Potter@sa.gov.auOil content (at 6% moisture) for mid season canola trials 2010Entry Arthurton Minlaton Spalding Riverton Turretfield Mount Hope Yeelanna Bordertown Frances Bool Lagoon Mean% % % % % % % % % % %ConventionalAV Garnet 47.2 50.2 50 52.2 43.3 49.6 50.8 48 46 44.9 48.2CB Agamax 45.1 47.6 47.6 48.6 43.4 48 48.8 46.1 44.5 44.8 46.5Hyola 433 46.6 48.4 48.6 49.1 43.9 49.1 49.2 47.6 47 46.7 47.6Hyola 50 47.6 49.6 49.8 50.6 43.7 49.1 49.8 47.9 46.6 46.2 48.1Victory V3001 44.3 45.8 48 47.6 41.5 46.3 46.4 47.1 44.8 44 45.6ClearfieldHyola 571CL 44.6 45.8 46.9 47.3 43.6 46.2 48.1 46.5 45.8 44.9 46.0Hyola 575CL 46.2 48.2 47.3 49.5 44.3 48.5 47.6 47.7 45.4 46.1 47.1Hyola 676CL 48 48.6 48.1 51.2 45.8 49.8 50.3 48 46.8 46 48.3Pioneer 44Y84 46.2 48 48.1 49.2 44.2 48.2 47.3 47.4 43.2 44.3 46.6Pioneer 45Y82 44.5 46.9 45.3 48.4 43.8 45.4 46.7 45.9 44.2 44.6 45.6Pioneer 46Y78 45.9 48.7 47.1 49.8 45.2 48.5 48.3 47.5 44.8 43.9 47.0Pioneer 46Y83 46 48.8 48.5 49.6 44.5 48.4 48.5 47.7 45 44.8 47.2Triazine tolerantATR Cobbler 45 43.4 47.8 49.4 42.2 46.5 48.5 44.9 41.7 43.7 45.3CB Argyle 46.2 47.9 50.8 44.5 46.7 50.8 46.5 43 44.9CB Jardee HT 44.1 43.1 46.4 48 40.8 46.6 46.9 45.5 42.5 41.4 44.5CB Mallee HT 43.2 42.6 45.3 47.3 40 45 46.8 44.1 41.4 42 43.8CB Scaddan 44 44.1 45.8 46.7 40 45.5 47.1 44.5 43.4 41.8 44.3CB Tumby HT 44.8 44.5 46.6 48 41.7 46.5 47.4 45.8 43.5 41.2 45.0CrusherTT 44.5 44.4 48.2 49.5 41.7 47.1 49.2 46 43.2 44.1 45.8Fighter TT 43.6 44 46.6 48.1 40.2 45.2 47.5 44.1 44.3 42.6 44.6Hyola 555TT 45.9 44.4 47.4 48.5 43.1 46.7 48.7 46.7 44.4 44.5 46.0Hyola 751TT 43.8 45.5 48 48.5 41.8 46.1 48.2 45.4 43.9Monola 76TT 46.6 47.1 48.8 50.4 44.4 48.1 51.3 47.6 43.9 44.9 47.3Monola 77TT 47.2 46.5 49.9 50.7 43.6 49.1 51.8 46.9 43.9 45.5 47.5Monola 603TT 46.2 47.4 49.9 50.9 45.2 49.2 51.4 48.9 45.8 45.4 48.0Monola 704TT 47.1 49.1 50.3 50.9 45.3 48.8 52.3 49.1 46.1 45.4 48.4ATR-Stingray 46.3 45.3 47.9 50.1 43.6 49.5 50.3 47.2 47.1 46.2 47.4ATR-Snapper 47.8 47.6 49.7 50.7 44.8 49.2 51.5 47.9 45.7 44.5 47.9Tawriffic TT 45.4 47.4 48.9 50.5 44.5 48.7 50.1 48.1 45.4 45 47.4Thumper TT 45.8 46.1 49.3 51.5 42.2 50.4 50.5 46.5 45.9 45 47.320 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011CanolaMid season maturity canola trials 2010 and long term.2010 % site mean Long term 2004-2010Entry Mt Hope YeelanntodintowcesRiver-Spal-Border-Fran-Bool Arthur-Minl-Mid North Yorke P Lower EP South EastLagoon ton aton% % % % % % % % % t/ha # trials t/ha # trials t/ha # t/ha # trialstrialsConventionalAV Garnet 98 No 107 113 115 91 110 104 98 2.37 15 2.28 10 2.01 10 2.31 14CB Agamax 98 difference 94 103 68 95 72 98 98 2.26 3 2.14 3Hyola 433 106 between 97 99 99 112 118 100 104 2.44 6 2.30 4 1.98 4 2.35 6Hyola 50 109 varieties 103 108 119 117 100 107 114 2.41 15 2.37 10 2.02 10 2.38 14Victory V3001 82 90 90 86 93 94 86 91 2.19 3 2.08 12Site mean (t/ha) 2.86 2.88 1.94 1.51 1.64 2.70 2.58 3.64 2.85 1.90 1.82 1.55 1.83LSD (%) 9 ns 8 17 23 20 17 11 7ClearfieldHyola 571CL 105 103 96 87 105 131 99 106 1.97 8 2.56 6 1.86 6 2.09 9Hyola 575CL 106 105 106 88 121 128 101 106 2.15 3Hyola 676CL 100 96 98 105 124 109 97 104 2.12 3Pioneer 44Y84 107 97 105 113 95 80 98 97 1.99 8 2.51 6 1.85 6 1.99 9Pioneer 45Y82 97 98 91 104 100 109 97 91 1.98 5 2.48 4 1.81 4 2.02 6Pioneer 46Y78 100 98 99 72 98 88 99 101 1.92 11 2.48 8 1.79 8 2.01 12Pioneer 46Y83 113 106 113 113 101 94 105 111 2.04 5 2.56 4 1.90 4 2.07 6Site mean (t/ha) 2.67 2.67 1.83 1.89 1.81 2.60 3.37 3.00 1.74 2.20 1.62 1.80LSD (%) 6 8 9 8 20 11 9 8Triazine tolerantATR Cobbler 97 97 87 89 74 69 94 81 1.91 11 1.88 8 1.56 8 1.65 11ATR Snapper 93 105 96 107 93 62 99 89 1.80 3ATR Stingray 121 113 91 104 97 115 104 96 1.91 3CB Argyle 78 99 82 81 77 64 85 75 1.89 11 1.77 8 1.52 8 1.65 11CB Jardee HT 107 105 113 83 94 118 110 103 2.13 5 2.06 4 1.69 5 1.92 6CB Junee HT 107 72 109CB Mallee HT 78 93 104 90 88 68 93 102 2.05 4 1.59 3 1.79 5CB Scaddan 100 89 87 77 82 94 101 97 1.91 8 1.89 6 1.50 6 1.70 8CB Tanami 58 84 81 81 75 1.77 7 1.72 4 1.39 4 1.57 5CB Telfer 87 94 87 73 88 1.63 7 1.54 4 1.39 4 1.44 5CB Tumby HT 98 96 96 101 87 56 109 102 2.04 5 1.99 4 1.60 4 1.78 5CrusherTT 122 114 131 109 150 136 105 116 2.14 3Fighter TT 114 98 102 113 114 117 92 106 1.84 3Hyola 555TT 125 112 104 117 120 169 112 115 2.16 3Hyola 751TT 124 101 125 126 147 152 112 119 2.14 3 2.05 3 2.03 3Monola 603TT 97 96 97 93 113 88 96 101 1.75 3Monola 704TT 87 94 95 87 99 103 104 102 1.74 3Monola 76TT 87 98 103 94 96 92 110 101 1.99 8 1.94 6 1.54 6 1.80 8Monola 77TT 90 95 99 98 103 90 105 107 1.99 8 1.95 6 1.55 6 1.79 8Tawriffic TT 92 103 104 105 105 87 102 96 1.98 11 1.91 8 1.59 8 1.79 11Thumper TT 156 114 119 130 130 159 80 105 2.06 3HurricaneTT 1.95 6 1.86 4 1.57 4 1.72 5Site mean (t/ha) 2.00 2.52 1.76 1.16 1.94 1.76 2.95 3.01 2.04 1.95 1.63 1.83LSD (%) 11 8 10 14 19 21 13 10Date sown 1-May 30-Apr 30-Apr 29-Apr 14-May 12-May 14-May 26-May 25-MaySoil Type SL CL LC/MC CLS/ZCL CL CL C SL/SCL SCLA-O Rain (2010) 440 379 483 384 357 398 430 384 396pHwater 5.5 8.2 8.1 5.4 6.9 6.9 7.5 8 8.1Site stresses bl pe, w bl, wa, bl bl mdBlackleg 37, 56 10, 21 29, 62 20, 17 55, 70 60, 92 72, 79 14, 28 36, 40AbbreviationsSoil type: S=sand, L=loam, C=clay, Li=light, M=medium, H=heavy, F=fine,Site stress factors: lo = lodging, bl = blackleg, f = frost, h = hail, htg = high temp at grain fill, wa = waterlogging, md=mouse damageBlackleg data: Polygenic variety: TawrifficTT, Sylvestris variety: Surpass 501TT% average blackleg infectionData source: NVT & SARDI/GRDC (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites, 2004-2010)Data analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics GroupWaterloggedWaterlogged2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 21

Crop Harvest Report 2011Cereal varietydisease guide 2011By Hugh Wallwork, Principal CerealPathologist and Pamela Zwer, Oat BreederThe cool wet and humid conditionsexperienced across most ofSA during the growing seasonfavoured higher than normal levels ofyellow leaf spot and powdery mildew inwheat and scald in barley.The net form of net blotch was muchless damaging than expected and this isthought to be due to later sowing in someareas, cooler conditions and effectivemanagement of early sown crops withfungicides.Stem and leaf rust in wheat and oatsbecame widespread after several quietyears and this poses a threat for crops in2011 should volunteers allow carryover ofinfection to autumn.At the end of the season white grainswere observed and caused downgradingof some wheat, particularly on theEastern Eyre Peninsula and Upper Northregions.The white grain was caused by a fungus,Botryosphaeria zeae, previously notrecorded in south-eastern Australia. Thisnew pathogen which is favoured by wetconditions can also infect barley andsurvives on wheat and barley stubbles.Stripe rustStripe rust developed later than normaland was mostly well controlled with earlyapplication of fungicides.The most common strain identifiedwas the WA “Jackie” strain (134E16A+J+)a l t h o u g h t h e WA Y r 1 7 s t r a i n(134E16A+17+) was also widespread andcommon.A n o t h e r n e w s t r a i n t h e“ To b r u k ” s t r a i n w a s a l s oidentified from samples collectedfrom Mambray Creek, CrystalBrook, Paskeville and Wolseley.This strain is more virulent onTobruk triticale but is otherwisenot thought to be different fromthe Jackie strain.Stem rustStem rust was observed on volunteers atJabuk in the Mallee and at Kapinnie onthe Eyre Peninsula in autumn but widedispersal of stem rust in spring is thoughtto have originated from a very early sowncrop of Kite wheat at Baroota in the MidNorth.Kite was released with the stem rustresistance gene Sr26 which is effectiveagainst all strains of stem rust.After 34 years of growing Kite at Barootait appears that the Sr26 gene, which hasa yield reducing effect, has been selectedout of the seed rendering these particularcrops of “Kite” susceptible to stem rust.Similar selection along with seed mixinghas led to nearby crops of Blade, alsoreleased with Sr26, similarly susceptible tostem rust.The stem rust spread widely throughthe Mid North and Mallee and also to theeastern part of the Eyre Peninsula duringlate September and October.Cool weather would have sloweddevelopment of the epidemic especiallyin varieties with at least partial resistance.Many crops, mainly Yitpi, were sprayedand little crop damage was reported.Leaf rustLeaf rust was observed on the Eyre andHugh WallworkYorke Peninsulas from Augustonwards.Although somewhat cool, theconditions were more favourablefor leaf rust than stem rustand had susceptible varietiesbeen grown then a significantepidemic is likely to haveoccurred.Because almost all crops grown inSA are now at least only moderatelysusceptible (MS) the development of leafrust was effectively suppressed.Growers are therefore encouraged tomaintain this level of resistance and avoidadopting varieties more susceptible thanGladius and Yitpi.Yellow leaf spotThe higher than usual levels of stubblesfrom 2009 and late rain in that year ledto increased inoculum of yellow leaf spotin wheat stubbles and increased infectionin 2010.The wet winter and spring will have alsohelped to increase the levels of infectionand it is to be expected that even higherlevels of yellow leaf spot infection will beobserved in 2011.Pink blotches can be seen on manymature wheat stems where they havebeen exposed to high moisture levels.This is one sign of the yellow leaf spotfungus colonising stubbles.Growers should therefore takeparticular care to select more resistantvarieties if they plan to sow wheat intowheat stubbles in 2011.Powdery mildewPowdery mildew developed moreseverely on Wyalkatchem crops on the22 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Cereal Disease GuideWHEAT Rust CCN Septoriatritici blotchYellowleaf spotPowderymildewRoot lesion nematodes CrownP. neglectus P. thorneirotStem Stripe# Leaf Resistance Tolerance Resistance ResistanceAGT Katana MS MR/MS MS MS – MS MS MR/MS S S S MS S MS/S SpecialtyAxe MS R/MR MR S – S/VS S MR MS MS S MS/S S S AHBarham MR #MS/S MR/MS MS – MS/S MS/S S MR MS S MS/S MR/MS MS SoftBolac MR R/MR MS S – MS MS/S – – – S – R/MR MS/S AHBowie S #S MS MR/MS MT MS S S/VS MR MS S S – MR/MS SoftBrennan MS R/MR R/MR – – – – – – – – – – MS/S FeedCatalina R/MR MS R/MR R – MS MS/S MS/S MS MS S MR/MS R/MR S AHChara MR/MS MS/S MR/MS R MI MS MS/S – MS/S MR/MS S S MR MS AHCorrell MR/MS MR/MS MS/S MR – MR/MS S/VS MR/MS S MS S MS R MS/S AHDerrimut MR #MS/S^ R R – MS/S S MS S MS/S S S R MS/S AHEspada R/MR # MR/MS R MS – S MS MS/S MS MS/S S MS/S MR/MS MS/S APWEstoc MR MR/MS MR/MS MR – S S MS S-VS MS S MS MR/MS MR/MS APWFrame MS MS MS/S MR MT MR/MS S/VS MS MS/S S S S MR MS APWGladius MR^ #MR/MS MS MS – MS/S MS S MS/S MS/S S MS R/MR MS AHGuardian R/MR MS MS R – MS/S S MR/MS MS/S MS S MS S MS APWCLF Janz R/MR MS/S MR/MS S I MR/MS MS/S MS MS/S S S MS/S R S AHKukri MR/MS MR/MS^ MSx S I MR/MS MS – S MS MS S MS MS AHLincoln MR R MR S – S MS – S S S MS R/MR MR AHMace MR/MS^ #S/VS R MR/MS – MR/MS MR/MS MS/S MR/MS – S MS/S S MS AHMackellar MR R/MR S – – – – – – – – – – MS-S Red FeedMagenta R/MR MS MR/MS MS/S – MR/MS MR/MS MR/MS MS S S S/VS S/VS MS/S ASWPeake MR/MS^ MR/MS^ R^ R – S S MS S MS S S MR/MS MS/S AHPreston S/VS R R S – MR MS/S – S MR/MS S MS S/VS MR-MS APW (Prelim)Pugsley S #S^ MS MS MI MS S MS/S S – S MS MR MS APWSQP Revenue R R R – – MR MS R MS MS – S-VS S MS/S FeedScout MR MS R R – MS S/VS MS/S MS MS/S S – R/MR MS/S APWSentinel R/MR R/MR R S – MS/S MR/MS R S MS MS/S S MS/S MR/MS ASWWyalkatchem MS S§ R S MI MR MR/MS S/VS MR/MS – S S S/VS MS/S APWYitpi S MR/MS MS MR MT MR/MS S/VS MR/MS MS/S – S MS MR MS AHRAC1669R R/MR MR/MS – MR – MS/S MS/S MS/S – – S – – – –RAC1671R R/MR MS – MS – MS/S MS/S S – – S – – – –RAC1683 R/MR MR-MS MS/S MS – S S S – – S – – – –DURUM †Caparoi R/MR MR R – – R/MR MR – – – VS MS R MS/S DurumHyperno R MR R MS – R/MR MS/S – MR/MS – VS MR/MS R MS DurumKalka R/MR MR R/MR MS MT MR/MS MR – MR/MS R VS MS R/MR S DurumSaintly R/MR MR MR/MS MS – MR/MS MR – MR/MS – VS MS R MS DurumTamaroi R/MR MR R/MR MS – S MR – MR/MS R VS MS R MS DurumTjilkuri MR/MS MR MR – – MR/MS MS – – – S/VS MS R MS/S DurumTRITICALEBogong R MS R – – R – – – – – – – – TriticaleChopper R MR R R MR R – – – – – – – – TriticaleHawkeye R/MR MR^ R R – R – – – – – – – – TriticaleJaywick R/MR MR^ R R – R – – – – – – – – TriticaleRufus R/MR MR/MS R R T R – – R/MR R/MR – – – – TriticaleTahara R/MR MS R R T R R – R/MR R S MS R – TriticaleTreat R MR MR x MS T R R – MR/MS – S MS R – Triticale# - The wheat stripe rust ratings are for the WA Yr17 strain. Varieties with a # have the Yr17 (VPM) seedling resistance and so will be resistant to the WA Jackie strain.^ - Some susceptible plants in mix§ - Wyalkatchem shows stronger stripe rust resistance at higher temperaturesx - Kukri and Treat have a resistance gene (Lr13) which is not effective to a leaf rust (Mackellar) strain found in NSWThe stripe rust ratings for the triticales are for the WA Jackie strain common in SA in 2009 and 2010† Tolerance levels are lower for durum receivals. Black point is not a disease but a response to certain humid conditionsR = Resistant, MR = Moderately Resistant, MS = Moderately Susceptible, S = Susceptible, VS = Very Susceptible, T = Tolerant, MT = Moderately Tolerant, MI = Moderately Intolerant, I = Intolerant, VI = Very Intolerant, – = UncertainCommonroot rotFlagsmutBlackpoint †Qualityin SA2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 23

Crop Harvest Report 2011Eyre Peninsula than previously observed.Some Gladius crops were also affectedbut not as severely.The late damp conditions caused severehead infection and led to widespreaduse of fungicides on the Lower EyrePeninsula in particular.Given the ideal conditions for powderymildew, the fact that barley mostlyescaped infection despite large areassown to susceptible varieties demonstratesthe effectiveness of seed treatments whenalmost all crops are treated.Where a few crops are not treated theseprovide a breeding ground for the fungusand can lead to severe epidemics whenthe effects of seed treatments have wornoff.Continuing widespread use of seedtreatments will also greatly reduce therisk of fungicide resistance emerging ashas happened in Europe and WesternAustralia.Net form net blotchSeedlings of early sown crops on thewestern and south-eastern coasts of theEyre Peninsula were infected early withNFNB and fungicide spraying beganat the tillering stage and repeated upto 3 times to keep crops protected,particularly Maritime.Less infection occurred where cropswere sown later and the cool winterand spring conditions appear to haveeffectively suppressed the disease.Virulence on Keel and Maritime werewidespread whilst virulence on Fleet,observed in one paddock in 2009, was notevident in 2010.Leaf yellowing and deathin wheat and oats“Frame yellows” which is not a diseasebut is often confused for one wasparticularly noticeable in many crops ofYitpi, Correll and Axe during August.The yellows symptoms are moreprevalent in wet winters and the causeremains elusive.In October a similar but differentyellows condition became apparent inGladius crops. Again no cause is known.Another different but widespreadyellowing and death of wheat leavesoccurred in the Keith-Bordertown regionand into Victoria during October.The symptoms were observed in allwheat varieties and were similar to barleyyellow dwarf virus (BYDV) but this is notthought to be the cause owing to a lack ofaphids and negative antibody testsOatsStem and leaf rust of oats becamecommon and widespread after a few yearsof low recordings.A strain of oat stem rust not previouslyobserved in South Australia and virulenton a resistance gene Pga caused severeinfection and significant damage in manyMitika oat crops in the South-East and inwestern Victoria.Mitika and Yallara are now rated as Sto stem rust but will be more resistant inother areas of SA until this strain reachesthese areas.Glider and Tungoo are also thoughtto carry Pga and so may also be moresusceptible where this strain occursalthough no data on the resistance ofthese varieties to the new strain isavailable.Red leather leaf, a fungal diseasecaused by Spermospora avenae, hasbecome more common in recent years,particularly in the South-East, and wasfavoured by the wet spring in 2010.General leaf death was observedin many crops in the South-East andalthough red leather leaf and BYDV mayhave had a role, other unknown causesare also likely to have been involved.Explanation for ResistanceClassificationR The disease will not multiply orcause any damage on this variety. Thisrating is only used where the variety alsohas seedling resistance.MR The disease may be visible andmultiply but no significant economiclosses will occur.This rating signifies strong adult plantresistance.MS T h e d i s e a s e m a y c a u s edamage but this is unlikely to be morethan around 15% except in very severesituations.S The disease can be severe onthis variety and losses of 15-50% canoccur.VS Where a disease is a problemthis variety should not be grown. Lossesgreater than 50% are possible and thevariety may create significant problems toother growers.This classification based on yield loss isonly a general guide and is less applicablefor the minor diseases such as commonroot rot, or for the leaf diseases in lowerrainfall areas, where losses are rarelysevere.Other informationThis fact sheet supplements otherinformation available including theSARDI Sowing Guide 2011 and Crop Watchnewsletters.Cereal Leaf and Stem Diseases and CerealRoot and Crown Diseases books (2000editions) are also available from GroundCover Direct or from Hugh Wallwork inSARDI.Disease identificationA diagnostic service is available tofarmers and industry for diseased plantspecimens.Samples of all leaf and aerial plant partsshould be kept free of moisture andwrapped in paper not a plastic bag.Roots should be dug up carefully,preserving as much of the root systemas possible and preferably kept damp.Samples should be sent to the followingaddress:SARDI Diagnostic CentrePlant Research CentreHartley GroveUrrbrae SA 5064More information:Hugh Wallwork,hugh.wallwork@sa.gov.au24 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Cereal Disease GuideBARLEY Leaf rust* Net formnet blotchSpot formnet blotchScaldCCNResistancePowderymildewBarleygrassstripe rustCoveredsmutCommonroot rotRoot lesion nematodesP. neglectus P. thorneiBarque MS-S/VS MS/S R/MR S/VS R MR MR MS/S S R/MR MR SBuloke MS-S/VS MR MS MS S MR R MR MS – – MS/SCommander MR/MS-S MS MS S R MR R R S – – S/VSFinniss MR-MR/MS MS MS-S R# R VS – S/VS S/VS – – SFlagship MR/MS-S/VS MR MR/MS MS R MR/MS MR MR/MS S MS MR/MS SFleet MR/MS-S MR R/MR MR/MS R MR/MS MR MR MS/S – – MS/SGairdner MS-S MR/MS S R# S MR R – MS/S MR MR/MS MR/MSHenley R MR S S/VS – – – MR MS – – MS/SHindmarsh MS-S MR S R# R MS R MR/MS S – – –Keel VS MS R/MR MS R MR/MS MS R S MR MR S/VSMaritime MS-S VS MR/MS MS/S R S S MS S MR – SOxford R MR MS/S MS# S R – MR/MS – – – MRSchooner S/VS MR MS MS/S S S R MR S MR/MS R MS/SScope MS-S/VS MR MS MS/S S MR R MR/MS MS – – SSloop SA S/VS MR S/VS S R S R R S MS R MS/SVlamingh MS-S/VS MR MS MR/MS S VS – R S – – SYarra R MS MS S/VS R S R MS S/VS – – S/VSWI4262 VS MR MR R# R – MR MS S – – MS/SKey to symbols used* Due to multiple strains of leaf rust, the table provides a range of reactions that may be observed. Different ratings are separated by a -# These varieties may be more susceptible in some regions with different strains.R = Resistant, MR = Moderately Resistant, MS = Moderately Susceptible, S = Susceptible, VS = Very Susceptible,T = Tolerant, – = UncertainBlackpointOATS Rust CCN Stem nematode Bacterial Red leather BYDV Septoria P. neglectusstem leaf Resistance Tolerance Resistance Tolerance blight leafavenae ResistanceBrusher MS/S MS R MI MS I MR/MS MS MS MS MR/MSEchidna S S S I MS MT S MS MS S MREuro VS S R I S I MS MS S MS MRGlider MR-MS R MS I R T R R S/MR* MR –Kangaroo MR/MS MS R MI S MI MR/MS MR/MS S/MR* MR/MS –Marloo S S R MT MS MI S VS MR/MS S –Mitika MR-S MR/MS VS I S I MR S MS/S S –Mulgara MS MR R MT R MT MR MS MS MS –Numbat MS R S I S I S MS S MR MRPotoroo S S R T S MI S VS MS S MRPossum MS/S MS VS I S I S S S MS MRQuoll MS-S MR S I R MT MS MS MS MR MR/MSSwan VS S MR I S I S S MS MS MR/MSTammar MR MR MR MT R T MR R MS MR -Tungoo MS R R MT R T MR R MR/MS MR –Wallaroo S S R MT MS MI S MS MS S MRWintaroo S S R MT R MT MR/MS MR/MS MR/MS MR/MS MR/MSYallara MS-S R R I S I MR/MS MS MS MS – See text on oats2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 25

Crop Harvest Report 2011Late peas favoured in 2010By Mick Lines, Research Officer, SARDI, LarnMcMurray, Research Scientist, SARDI & TonyLeonforte PBA Field Pea Breeder, DPI VictoriaEarlier maturing, recent releasesPBA Gunyah and PBA Twilightperformed slightly below stateaverage, but still out-yielded Parafield by11 and 6 percent, respectively, in a seasonwhich favoured later maturing varieties.Yarrum was the highest yielding variety,but only 2 percent higher than Kaspa in2010, which outperformed PBA Gunyahand PBA Twilight by 8 percent and 13percent, respectively.High growing season rainfall and mildtemperatures across the state favouredpulse production in 2010, and yields weregenerally higher than in 2009.Grain yield of field pea averaged 3.0 t/ha across all NVT and Pulse BreedingAustralia (PBA) sites last year, rangingfrom 2.0 t/ha at Yeelanna and Lamerooto 4.5 t/ha at Riverton.Diseases were generally not as severein 2010 as in previous years. Blackspotinfections were lower than forecast earlyin 2010 based on 2009 stubble sporeloads.This was most likely due to acombination of high summer andearly autumn rainfall, prompting sporereleases prior to sowing, followedby a dry start to May, whichdelayed sowing and thereforereduced blackspot risk.A wetter than average springin 2010 meant conditions wereconducive for powdery mildew,but in most cases its onset wastoo late to cause significant yieldloss.The substantial late rain in earlyDecember was responsible for a numberof issues at harvest.Pod decay and shattering was increasedby the rain on mature pods, and causeddegradation of pods even in the ‘sugarpod’ types like Kaspa.While this may not have contributed tosignificant yield loss in these types, as issometimes observed in the conventionalpod types, it may have resulted in seedstaining from sunlight or moisture andsubsequent downgrading at delivery.Some late harvested crops also showedincreased lodging and degradation ofthe pea vine, making mechanical pickupdifficult and resulting in some harvestloss and potentially downgrading frommould.Yield limiting factors at the various NVTsites were minimal in 2010. Biomass washigh in 2010, due to the long and wetMick Linesgrowing season. However, thewet season was also responsiblefor reduced growth due towaterlogging at Yeelanna andMundulla, and to a lesser extentat Balaklava, all of which yielded2.5t/ha or less.M o d e r a t e b l a c k s p o t w a sobserved at Balaklava andSnowtown, and low levels of late powderymildew infection were observed atBalaklava and Turretfield.The wet season and late finish to 2010did not favour early maturing recentreleases PBA Gunyah and PBA Twilightto the same extent as later floweringvarieties.However they managed to performsimilarly to Kaspa at 8 and 5 of 11 sites,respectively, and outperformed Parafieldat 4 and 3 sites, respectively.Long term data shows both varietiesyield similarly to Kaspa, howeverPBA Gunyah and PBA Twilight haveperformed up to 17 and 22 percenthigher than Kaspa, respectively, inprevious seasons.Both provide a more reliable alternativeto Kaspa in the medium and low rainfallareas across seasons due to their earlierand longer flowering pattern, enablingthem to capitalise on short, sharp finishes26 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011Field peasSA Field Pea Variety Trial Yield Performance: 2010 (as % of site mean) and Long term (2004-2010) Average Across Sites (as % of site mean).Variety/line MID NORTH YORKE PENINSULA SOUTH EAST MALLEE LOWER EYRE PEN. UPPER EYRE PEN.2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010TrialTrialTrialTrialTrialTrial#% SitemeanMinnipa#% SitemeanRudall Yeelanna#% SitemeanLameroo#% SitemeanKeith MundullaBoolLagoon#% SitemeanWillamulkaMinlaton#% SitemeanTurretfieldSnowtown*Laura RivertonBalaklavaKaspa 101 102 98 100 105 109 44 96 104 112 26 102 107 26 110 104 7 98 106 19 101 108 9Parafield 95 80 68 97 90 101 44 84 87 101 26 82 102 26 82 104 7 78 103 19 95 104 9PBA Gunyah 89 90 92 94 106 108 24 89 97 107 15 91 107 11 100 107 3 84 108 9 100 107 4PBA Twilight 82 92 92 95 103 106 22 82 90 104 13 86 105 11 86 101 3 72 105 8 101 107 4Sturt 108 111 76 107 38 106 20 107 21 114 5 108 13 107 109 9Yarrum 105 101 107 102 96 113 34 104 93 113 20 112 117 17 106 115 5 115 110 13 103 110 7OZP0703 103 95 91 105 86 110 25 101 93 108 14 97 111 11 98 113 3 115 111 8 102 110 5Site mean 2.52 3.12 4.49 2.71 3.26 2.32 3.89 2.58 2.31 2.51 2.78 1.98 1.44 1.97 1.98 2.90 1.61yield (t/ha)% LSD (0.05) 12 7 6 10 13 6 9 16 23 19 7Date sown 1/6 7/6 8/6 21/5 14/6 25/5 17/5 18/6 13/5 18/6 1/6 27/5 7/6 31/5Soil type SL / L / CLS / SCL / SCL /SCL SL /C LC L SL /LS SCL SCLLiMC CL LiMC CL LiCSCLLCA-O rainfall 326 367 483 311 398 396 318 430 339 327 235 317 379 345(mm)pH (H 2O) 7.3 6.6 7.7 8.3 6.2 8.1 8.3 6.9 8.2 6.6 8.1 6.6 8.1 8.4bs, wl bs pm bs w, pe hd wl, w pe wl bsNo result – high variability in trialsNo result – high variability in trialsNo result – high variability in trialsbs,pm,wlSite stressfactorsSoil type: S = sand, C = clay, L = loam, H = heavy, M = medium, Li = light, F = fine, / = overSite Stress Factors: de = pre flowering moisture stress, dl = post flowering moisture stress, fr = reproductive frost damage, hd = herbicide damage, w = weeds, pe = poor establishment, wl = waterlogging, ht = high temperaturesduring flowering/pod fill, pm = powdery mildew, bs = black spot, hd = hail damage during early pod fillData source: SARDI/GRDC, PBA & NVT (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites)but still perform well in long growingseasons.This also makes them better suited todelayed sowing for disease managementand crop-topping, showing less relativeyield loss than other varieties from bothpractices. These varieties also offerthe same agronomic benefits as Kaspa(eg semi-leafless plant type, improvedlodging and pod shattering resistance)and marketing benefits (round shape,improved milling quality).Of the two, PBA Gunyah generally offersthe most reliability across current fieldpea growing areas in South Australia, andwas 5 percent higher yielding than PBATwilight in 2010.Adoption of these varieties will alsoprovide the opportunity to eliminateParafield contamination in Kaspa crops.Yarrum equal topped the NVT and PBAtrials for the fourth year in a row.Yarrum is a late flowering, high yielding,powdery mildew resistant dun type pea,with improved resistance to virus.Long term yields show Yarrum hasconsistently performed well across thestate, and provides an alternative to Kaspain areas where powdery mildew andviruses are regular problems.However Yarrum does not have thesame round seed and shatter resistancequalities as Kaspa, PBA Gunyah and PBATwilight.Kaspa performed relatively well in 2010,performing similarly to the site mean atall sites. It yielded higher than Parafieldat 8 of the 11 NVT and PBA sites.Kaspa remains the preferred variety inhigh rainfall areas not prone to bacterialblight, however alternative varietiesshould be considered if they provideregional advantages.OZP0703 is a high yielding earlyflowering dun variety with greatertolerance to bacterial blight (pv syringae)than current pea varieties.It averaged 99 percent of site meanyield across all sites in 2010. OZP0703performed 10 percent higher than Kaspain 2009 and 17 percent higher in 2008across all sites, and shows a three percentyield advantage over Kaspa long term.This demonstrates its suitability acrosssites and seasons, not necessarily affectedby bacterial blight. OZP0703 is expectedto be released by AWB Seeds for 2012sowings.More information:Mick Lines, (08) 8842 6264michael.lines@sa.gov.au2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 27

Crop Harvest Report 2011Lentil yields – Jumbo sizedBy Matt Dare Research Officer SARDI, LarnMcMurray Research Scientist SARDI, &Michael Materne, Pulse Breeding AustraliaLentils.The newly released lentil varietyPBA Jumbo performed well inSouth Australian trials last year,topping the variety yields at three of theseven Pulse Breeding Australia (PBA) andNVT evaluation sites.A favourable growing season acrosssouthern Australia allowed high lentilyields at the majority of sites, averaging3.8 tonnes per hectare across all sitesharvested. Maitland, Minlaton andRiverton sites averaged over 4 tonnesper hectare which were historically highlevels.The wet winter and spring also meantincreased crop biomass and disease levels.Ascochyta Blight (AB) infected lentilcrops and trials on Yorke Peninsula athigher levels than previously observed.High regional cropping intensity, tightlentil rotation and the absence of seeddressings contributed to the severity ofthis disease outbreak.PBA Flash had higher levels of infectionthan other varieties in a number ofthese trials (Melton, Maitland, andWillamulka), but yields were still equal toNugget.However PBA Flash is now ratedmoderately susceptible to AB and is likelyto require both foliar and podding spraysin disease prone areas.Botrytis Grey Mould (BGM) alsodeveloped in spring as moist conditionsand large crop canopies were prevalent.This disease has resulted in large yieldpenalties in previous seasons conduciveto its development however improvedvigilance with fungicide application in2010 prevented it establishing in manycrops.Northfield’s yield was 34% lowerthan the site average at Melton in thepresence of BGM and with no fungicideprotection. It will be important to ensureseed saved for 2011 is tested to ensure itis free from seed-borne diseases that cancarryover disease into this year’s crops.Seed can still be infected despite havingno visible sign of disease.High prices and demand for lentilsleading into the 2010 cropping seasonled to an increase in area sown to lentils.In some instances lentil crops were sownon soil types that were not necessarilywell suited to lentil production andconsequently suffered from issues suchas water logging and associated soilproblems.Yeelanna and Mundulla trialsites suffered transient waterlogging, Rudall trial was on asandy soil type with a low pHresulting in poor establishmentwhile the Lameroo site wasaffected by weather damage priorto harvest.High variability at these sites meantresults have not been included in thestate data set.Many commercial lentil crops hadhigh levels of weeds that became moreapparent later in the season.Sowing lentil crops into paddocks withhigh weed seed-banks, a favourable andwet growing season and post sowing preemergentherbicides running out ofefficacy and not controlling later weedgerminations contributed to high weedpopulations.Unfortunately some crops sufferedweather damage from multiple rainevents prior to harvest resulting in seeddiscolouration, wrinkled seed coat and insome instances mould.This created problems for receival at thesilo and also affects marketability of theend product. Timely harvest and on-farmstorage helped to reduce these issues in2010.PBA Blitz and PBA Jumbo were releasedMatt Darein 2010. PBA Blitz is a new mediumsized red lentil, and is currently theearliest maturing commercial variety.It is particularly suited to short seasongrowing environments, and more suitedto the practice of crop-topping for endseason weed control than later maturingvarieties.In long term trials (2004-10) PBA Blitzhas averaged 6% greater than Nuggetacross all SA sites and in 2009 was 28%higher yielding. It performed similarlyto Nugget and PBA Flash in 2010, a goodresult given the season favoured latermaturing varieties.P B A J u m b o i s a l a r g eseeded red lentil and a directreplacement for Aldinga. In2010 it averaged over 4 tonnesper hectare across all sites andwas the highest yielding varietyat Minlaton, Willamulka andat Maitland. It was 20% higheryielding than the site averageat Maitland, yielding at an astonishing5.4 tonnes per hectare, and was 12 and14 percent above the site mean yields atMinlaton and Willamulka, respectively.PBA Jumbo due to its shorter plantheight, mid maturity and large seedsize is most suited to medium to higherrainfall lentil growing areas where it hasconsistently yielded around 15% higherthan Aldinga over long term averageshowever BGM will need to be controlled.PBA Flash and PBA Bounty weregrown commercially for the first time in2010. Yields of PBA Flash were similarto Nugget across all sites in 2010. Longterm data shows PBA Flash has yielded 8percent higher than Nugget on averageand in 2009 was 23% higher yielding.Its earlier maturity has been bettersuited to shorter seasons and medium/low rainfall environments although it stillperformed well in 2010 relative to Nuggetdespite higher disease levels at a numberof sites.28 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011LentilsSA Lentil Variety Trial Yield Performance: 2010 (as a % of site mean) and Long term (2004-2010) Average Across Sites (as a % of site mean).MID NORTH YORKE PENINSULA SOUTH EAST MALLEE LOWER EYRE PENINSULA2010 2004-10 2010 2004-10 2010 2004-10 2010 2004-10 2010 2004-10Variety Laura RivertofieldTurret-% site Trial Mait-Mel-Min-Willa-% site Trial Mun-% site Trial Lam-% site Trial Rudall Yee-% site Trialmean # land ton laton mulka mean # dulla mean # eroo mean # lanna mean #Aldinga 96 87Boomer 111 100 90 99 20 92 99 102 104 100 24 102 7 100 3 100 7Nipper 90 93 97 95 22 102 106 100 91 94 26 95 7 95 3 95 9Northfield 88 87 20 66 88 23 89 6 87 2* 86 9Nugget 96 104 95 95 22 100 95 100 101 96 26 98 7 98 3 96 9PBA Blitz 100 90 97 101 13 96 107 100 99 101 17 101 4 104 2* 102 5PBA Bounty 94 89 99 98 22 99 104 98 105 99 26 99 7 100 3 99 9PBA Flash 96 103 105 103 22 106 94 101 99 103 26 104 7 106 3 104 9PBA Jumbo 98 103 97 105 16 120 104 112 114 107 20 107 4 106 2* 104 6CIPAL702 79 91 90 93 7 88 106 87 91 94 9 95 3Site mean 2.82 4.16 3.94 4.51 3.43 4.19 3.57yield (t/ha)% LSD 5.3 7.5 9.4 7.1 10.5 5.7 7.0(0.05)Date sown 7/6 8/6 14/6 26/5 3/6 25/5 17/5 18/6 1/6 27/5 7/6Soil type L / CLS / SCL /SCL / SCL / SCL SL /L SL /LS SCLCL LiMC LiCCLS L SCLLiCA-O rainfall 367 483 398 403 338 396 318 327 235 317 379(mm)pH (H2O) 6.6 7.7 6.2 8 7.7 8.1 8.3 6.6 8.1 6.6 8.1Site stressfactorswl ab(L)wbgmL ab(M) ab(H)bgmMabLwlwphwd pe wlwSoil type: S = sand, C = clay, L = loam, H = heavy, M = medium, Li = light, F = fine, Z = silt, / = overSite Stress Factors: de = pre flowering moisture stress, fr = reproductive frost damage, dl = post flowering moisture stress, ht = high temperatures during flowering/pod fill,bgmL = botrytis grey mould (low), bgmM = botrytis grey mould (moderate), bgmS = botrytis grey mould (severe), ab = ascochyta blight (low), w = weed competition, wl =temporary waterlogging, phwd = preharvest weather damage, pe = poor establishment* Varieties have only had limited evaluation at these sites, treat results with cautionData source: SARDI/GRDC, PBA & NVT (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites)NO VALID RESULT - HIGH VARAIBILITY IN TRIALNO VALID RESULT - HIGH VARAIBILITY IN TRIALNO VALID RESULT - HIGH VARAIBILITY IN TRIALNO VALID RESULT - HIGH VARAIBILITY IN TRIALPBA Bounty yielded similarly to Nuggetin 2010 across all sites except Rivertonwhere it was lower yielding by 15 percent.In long term trials in SA PBA Bounty hasout yielded Nugget by 3 percent acrosssites.PBA Bounty is a broadly adapted smallseeded red lentil with higher yields thanNipper and Northfield. PBA Bounty doesnot have the equivalent level of foliardisease resistance of Nipper but averagesapproximately 8% higher yields longterm in SA than this variety.Nipper did not have the previouslyseen high yield increases over othervarieties at disease infected sites in 2010,and was lower yielding than Nugget atWillamulka, Laura and Riverton.In 2010 NVT sites had strategicapplications of fungicide to minimise theimpact of disease. Fungicide applicationswould have benefited varieties with lowerlevels of disease resistance relative toNipper. Nipper was the highest yieldingvariety at the Melton PBA site (106%of site average) where no fungicide wasapplied.Boomer had a mixed performance in2010. It was significantly lower yieldingthan the site averages at Maitland (8%)and Turretfield (10%) where it producedvery high levels of biomass but was thehighest yielding variety (11%) at Laura,which was characterised by lower biomasslevels.The PBA lentil breeding team isworking with BASF and Pulse Australiato obtain an imidazolinone productregistration for use on CIPAL702 (namepending). Commercial seed quantities ofCIPAL0702 have been produced throughPB seeds and will be made available tofarmers when progress toward herbicideregistration is confirmed. CIPAL0702is a small seeded red lentil with goodresistance to foliar and seed AB. It is alsomoderately resistant to BGM. CIPAL702is later flowering than Nugget and bestsuited to more favorable areas. In 2010CIPAL702 was generally ten percentlower yielding than Nugget across sites.More information:Matt Dare (08) 8842 6264,matt.dare@sa.gov.au2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 29

Crop Harvest Report 2011PBA Slasher a cut above the restBy Larn McMurray, Research Scientist, SARDI,Clare & Kristy Hobson PBA Chickpeas, DPIVictoriaThe newly released desi chickpea,PBA Slasher was the highestyielding variety across SouthAustralian National Variety (NVT) andPulse Breeding Australia (PBA) trialsin 2010. PBA Slasher averaged 12%higher than the current recommendedascochyta blight (AB) resistant desivariety, Genesis 509 across all 6 trials.Compared with the small kabuli typesit was 6% higher than Genesis 090 (4trials) and 2% higher than Genesis 079(5 trials).Seasonal conditions were generally idealfor chickpea production in most areas in2010 with high yields, and even recordyields achieved. Rainfall was generallyabove average and fell at the right timethroughout the growing season, althoughin some areas waterlogging was an issue.Temperatures were also favourable forpulse production however for the secondyear in a row chickpea crops experiencedcool conditions during the flowering/pod set period. These conditions werenot as limiting on grain yield as seen in2009 due to the absence of a ‘Novemberheat wave’ event last year. In fact few orno major heat or frost events occurredin 2010. Despite these favourableconditions the Cockaleechie trial wasabandoned due to water logging andweed competition and results from theRudal trial were considered too variableto use due to poor establishment. TheMundulla trial was affected by waterlogging and patchy establishmentand was the lowest yielding desi trialharvested, at 1.4 t/ha. Of the remainingdesi trials, average site yields rangedfrom 2.2 t/ha at Balaklava, where highand uncontrolled AB disease pressureoccurred, to a SA and potentiallyAustralian record of 4.0 t/ha at Riverton.The highest yielding breeding line at thissite recorded a staggering 4.7 t/ha.AB disease infection affected varietyp e r f o r m a n c e a t M e l t o n ,although a podding spray wasapplied here unlike at Balaklavawhere no sprays were appliedand yield loss occurred in allvarieties. Apart from cooltemperatures during floweringand early pod fill there were veryfew other factors influencingvariety performance at the remainingsites. Establishment issues occurred inall PBA kabuli chickpea trials in 2010due to seed of some lines being sourcedfrom sites affected by the ‘November heatwave’ in 2009. Results from these siteshave not been included in the data set.The Cockaleechie kabuli trial, like thedesi trial at this site was also abandonedand the Mundulla trial was low yielding(1.0 t/ha) due to waterlogging and poorestablishment. Average site yields at theremaining two NVT sites were 2.9 t/haat Minlaton and 4.1 t/ha at Rivertonand variety performance was onlyinfluenced by cold temperatures duringthe reproductive phase. The importanceof retaining good quality seed, testingfor germination, vigour and diseasestatus and early crop monitoring werehighlighted not only in the kabuli trialslast year but also in commercial crops asa number needed to be re-sown due topoor establishment.PBA Slasher is an AB blight resistantdesi line from PBA Chickpeas, licensed toAWB Seeds and now widely available. Ithas long term yields in this state similarto the small seeded kabuli variety Genesis079 and substantially superior to allother varieties. Along with high yields,PBA Slasher has improved seed qualitycompared to the desi type Genesis 509,with larger seed size and superior seedcolour. It provides a high yielding desialternative marketing option to the smallseeded kabuli varieties.Genesis 079 like in 2009 was similaryielding to PBA Slasher in SA last year.It surprisingly was also higher yieldingthan Genesis 090 in last years longand favourable conditions with yieldadvantages ranging from 5-10%across all desi trials. Genesis079 offers high yields in SAparticularly in short growingseasons or environments. Itis less suited to high rainfalland/or long growing seasonLarn McMurray districts due to its early andmore determinate maturitypattern and its increased susceptibility tobotrytis grey mould over other varieties.Genesis 079 produces small 6-7mm sizedgrain compared with Genesis 090 whichproduces seed sized 7-8mm. Indicationsof grain price for Genesis 079 are that itwill be at the lower end of the Genesis090 price range.Genesis 090, like in 2009 was loweryielding than PBA Slasher and 079 lastyear however it was slightly higher thanGenesis 509 at most sites.In the kabuli chickpea trials (where allvarieties are sown at 35 plants per sq.m unlike 50 in the desi trials) Genesis090 was the highest yielding varietyaveraging 2% higher than Genesis 079and 6 and 7% higher than the medium tolarge sized varieties, Almaz and Genesis114 respectively. The large seededselection from Genesis 114, Genesis 115was generally 5% lower yielding thanits parent variety. The medium to largeseeded varieties have generally been15-25% lower yielding than Genesis 090in SA and their improved performancelast year highlights their need forfavourable growing conditions to obtaingood yield and seed size in this state.The lower relative yields of the largerseeded kabuli types compared with desiand small seeded kabulis needs to beconsidered along with the chances ofobtaining large seed size before decidingto grow these higher valued types in SA.More information:Larn McMurray (08) 8842 6265,larn.mcmurray@sa.gov.au30 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011ChickpeasSA Desi & Kabuli Chickpea Variety Trial Yield Performance: 2010 (as % of site mean) and Long term (2004-2010) Average Across Sites (as % of site mean).Variety MID NORTH YORKE PENINSULA SOUTH EAST LOWER EYRE PENINSULA2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010 2010 2004-2010% SitemeanTrial#% SitemeanDesi trialsGenesis 509 105 87 103 101 23 106 88 99 16 89 99 10 97 6Genesis 079# 108 97 111 11 102 102 112 8 105 110 6 111 3Genesis 090# 103 100 17 92 95 100 14 97 101 10 101 6Howzat 42 102 100 22 89 100 15 102 9 105 6PBA HatTrick 98 87 98 97 17 90 87 98 12 112 99 8 98 4PBA Slasher 124 101 113 113 19 107 104 112 13 99 111 8 112 5Sonali 58 103 98 17 94 100 12 100 7 101 5Site mean 2.23 3.95 2.87 1.72 3.58 3.38 1.64 1.35 2.26 1.53yield (t/ha)% LSD (0.05) 14.3 6.5 12.5 13 7.9 17.0Kabuli trialsAlmaz 97 91 17 96 95 12 109 96 10 96 6Genesis 079# 99 124 17 112 124 12 88 115 10 128 6Genesis 090# 106 117 17 105 113 12 98 114 10 116 6Genesis 114 95 97 17 97 101 12 111 99 10 94 6Genesis 115 95 96 6 94 98 4 91 99 3*Site meanyield (t/ha)4.08 1.4 2.86 1.45 0.96 1.99 1.18Variable results poor germinationVariable results poor germinationVariable results poor germination% LSD (0.05) 6.9 7.0 16.7Date sown 2/6 8/6 14/6 4/6 25/5 18/6 27/5 27/5Soil type SL/ CLS/ SCL/SCL/L SCL L CLS LSLiMC LiMC LiCA-O rainfall 326 483 398 338 396 327 407 317(mm)pH (H 2O) 7.3 7.7 6.2 7.7 8.1 6.6 6.5 6.6Site stressfactorsabh, ct ct ct abm, ctbgmctwl, wctwl, wctpect# Small kabuli type** = Low and variable yield due yield due to water logging and variable establishment, use caution.Soil type: S = sand, C = clay, L = loam, H = heavy, M = medium, Li = light, / = overSite Stress Factors: dl = post flowering moisture stress, abm = ascochyta blight (moderate), ht = high temperature during flowering/pod fill, w = weed competition, abh =ascochyta blight (high), bgm = botrytis grey mould, vi = virus, ct = low temperatures during flowering, pe = poor establishment, wl = waterloggingData source: SARDI/GRDC, PBA & NVT (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites and courtesy National Statistics Program).* Limited data at these sites, treat with caution.Trial#% SitemeanTrial#BalaklavaRivertonTurretfieldMeltonMinlatonMundulla**CockaleechieNo valid result water logging & weedsNo valid result water logging& weedsRudallNo valid result poor establishment% SitemeanTrial#2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 31

Crop Harvest Report 2011Jenabillup lupins shine in 2010By Andrew Ware, SARDI New VarietyAgronomy, Port LincolnJenabillup enjoyed the seasonalconditions in 2010, performingexceptionally well at all breeding andNVT sites in South Australia, eclipsingMandelup yields by 7%, averaged acrossall SA sites.Jenabillup is available to growers ineastern Australia for the first time in 2011with seed available through Viterra Seeds.Five named varieties and 13 advancedbreeding lines were evaluated at ninebreeding and NVT sites in SA in 2010.The mean site grain yields ranged from1.4 t/ha at Mundulla, to 3.9 t/ha at Field,both in the South East.The majority of the NVT lupin siteswere planted as close to the break of theseason as possible.Starting in late April/early May atSpalding and Keith, through to lateMay on Eyre Peninsula and into June atMundulla.Establishment was good atall sites, except the later sownMundulla site.Excellent rainfall at all sites,coupled with cool temperaturesduring grain fill gave lupinsat the majority of sites anopportunity to grow uncheckedthrough out the season.As with many commercial crops,water logging, and bulky growth, whichreturned a poor pod set, arose as issues in2010 lupin trials.This coupled with field mould on grainand the risk of lupinosis to sock grazinglupin stubbles resulted in a frustratingyear for lupin producers in some areas.The issue of bulky growth returningpoor yields is the subject of on going trialwork in SA.Results so far have not provided clearsolutions, but will continue in 2011.Unseasonal rainfalls, humiditycombined with below average summertemperatures, are ideal conditions forAndrew Wareextremely high lupinosis causingtoxin levels to develop in lupinstubbles.Care must be taken whengrazing lupin stubbles or whenfeeding affected grain to stock.M a n d e l u p c o n t i n u e d t operform well at most sites butwith a shorter flowering windowit wasn’t able to take full advantage of thelong growing season, and yielded lowerthan Jenabillup at most sites.The growing season in 2010 wasthought to be ideal for late floweringvariety Jindalee, but harvest resultsproved otherwise.Jindalee averaged only 81% of thesite mean across all SA sites and wasconsistently was the poorest performer ofall lines evaluated.Wonga still provides the best level ofanthracnose resistance available of thecurrent commercial varieties but yieldswere well below Jenabillup and Mandelupat all sites in 2010 and 9% below32 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011LupinsSA Lupin Variety Trial Yield Performance (2010 and predicted regional performance, expressed as % of site average yield)LOWER EYRE PENINSULA UPPER EYRE PENINSULA MID NORTH MURRAY MALLEE SOUTH EAST2010 Long term averageacross sites2010 Long term averageacross sites2010 Long term averageacross sites2010 Long term averageacross sites2010 Long term averageacross sitesNo.Field t/ha % ofNo.t/ha % ofNo.t/ha % ofNo.t/ha % ofNo.t/ha % ofTrialsKeith MundullaKybyboliteSpaldingLamerooTrialsUngarraTooligieTrialsTrialsWanillaSiteMeanTrialsSiteMeanSiteMeanSiteMeanSiteMeanVarietyCoromup 84 81 1.91 102 11 87 2.05 100 4 104 1.76 103 6 89 1.25 100 6 101 110 96 101 1.89 102 18Jenabillup 116 106 2.03 108 9 107 2.17 106 3 109 1.83 107 5 100 1.33 106 5 99 116 107 106 2.01 108 14Jindalee 72 93 1.68 89 12 84 1.92 94 4 85 1.62 95 6 94 1.20 96 6 78 79 73 84 1.73 93 19Mandelup 94 99 1.99 106 12 102 2.13 104 4 88 1.81 106 6 109 1.36 108 6 100 108 108 107 1.99 107 19Wonga 86 98 1.82 97 11 98 2.03 99 4 83 1.59 93 6 93 1.22 97 6 76 94 87 84 1.76 95 18Site Av. Yield (t/ha) 2.13 2.33 1.88 3.38 2.05 2.89 1.71 1.90 1.26 2.99 1.35 1.71 3.85 1.86LSD (%) 16 10 15 17 16 8 16 15 10Date sown 18-May 26-May 25-May 29-Apr 10-May 4-May 21-Jun 26-May 28-MaySoil type S S S LFS/ZL S/LS S S CL SpH (water) 6.3 5.6 6.5 5.8 6.3 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.4Apr-Oct rain (mm) 380 325 314 385 238 356 428 431 362Site stress factors w, wa em w, waAbbreviationsSoil type: S=sand, C=clay, L=loam, NW=non-wetting / =divides topsoil from subsoilSite stress factors: w = weeds, wa = waterlogging, es = establishmentData source: SARDI/GRDC & NVT. 2004-2010 MET data analysis by National Statistics Program.Mandelup long term.Coromup hasn’t been commerciallyreleased in eastern Australia, and wasdeveloped for specially markets.With long term yields 5% lower thanMandelup its future role in SouthAustralia is uncertain.Long term averages (2004-2010) showthat there is only 1% yield differencebetween Jenabillup and Mandelup acrossall SA regions.For growers looking to upgrade varietiesin 2011 and beyond Jenabillup shouldprovide a consistent yield advantage overMandelup in environments where annualrainfall is 450mm or higher.For growers in the low to mediumrainfall zones Mandelup remains themost consistent performer.Notes on newly released varietyJenabillup has been extensively trailedin SA for five years with a long termaverage 1% higher than Mandelup acrossall South Australian sites.It has a typically has an advantage overMandelup at the longer growing seasonsites such as Wanilla on Lower EP and theSouth East sites.Jenabillup flowers slightly later and for alonger period than Mandelup, making itless suitable to crop topping.Jenabillup does have resistance to blackpod syndrome, although rarely seen inSouth Australia.Jenabillup does not have toleranceto metribuzin herbicide. It has a lowanthracnose rating (MS), similar toMerrit. Seed is available through ViterraSeeds.More information:Andrew Ware (08) 8688 3417,andrew.ware@sa.gov.au2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 33

Crop Harvest Report 2011Fiesta top faba bean in 2010By Andrew Ware, SARDI New VarietyAgronomy, Port LincolnFiesta VF narrowly topped NVTand PBA faba bean trials in SouthAustralia in 2010. Nura followedclosely behind, averaging 1% less thanFiesta across all trials in SA, with 2009 topvariety, Farah, 3% behind Fiesta.The majority of faba bean trials weresown in mid - late May, and establishedwell.Where there was a lack of disease,conditions for faba bean growth in 2010were excellent. faba beans proved betterthan other pulse crops in being able tosurvive waterlogged soils.Average site yields ranged from the2.3 t/ ha at chocolate spot affectedCockaleechie, on Lower Eyre Peninsulato 5.4t/ha at Bool Lagoon, in the SouthEast.Frequent rain events during spring,meant that Chocolate Spot (CS) was thebiggest disease challenge in faba beans in2010. High disease pressure was observedin field trials located at Saddleworth,Tarlee, and Cockaleechie. Most NVT andbreeding trials had foliar fungicide(s)applied to control CS and were veryeffective when applied during earlyflowering.Disease assessments showed many highyielding well-adapted lines developedby the Australian faba bean BreedingProgram, based at the University ofAdelaide, exhibit improved resistance toCS.These lines rated 3.0 compared tocurrent cultivars rated at 5.5 in a highdisease pressure field trial at Saddleworthi n 2 0 1 0 ( r e c e i v e d o n eapplication of fungicide).Severity of cercospora leafspot, ascochtya and chocolateobserved in field trials wasvariable and reflected theinfluence of paddock history,proximity to infested residues,t h e t i m i n g o f f u n g i c i d eapplications and their interactions withlocal weather conditions.Lodging was an issue at several siteswhere excellent growth had occurred(Tarlee, Maitland, and Bool Lagoon).Nura had slightly better standing abilityat these sites compared to Farah andFiesta.Trials that were harvested afterthe significant rainfall events inlate November and early Decemberexperienced high levels of seed stainingand discolouration.At the Tarlee site Fiesta experienced thehighest levels of seed staining, followedby Doza and Farah, with Nura having thelowest levels.Fiesta was the top per formingcommercial variety at six of the 14 fababean evaluation sites in SA in 2010, andwas highest yielding at all three sites inthe South East.Nura performed the best at five sites,including on the Upper Eyre Peninsula,the Mallee, and three sites in the Mid-North/ Central district. Farah performedwell at both sites on Yorke Peninsula.Long term averages show that Farahand Fiesta are the most consistentperformers in terms of grain yieldover a number of years across SouthAustralia, with Nura only 1% behind.Andrew WareNotes on newly releasedbroad bean varietyPBA Kareema was selectedAfrom Aquadulce with similaradaptation to this variety butwith larger and more uniformseed, and no “evergreens”.It is well adapted to the veryhigh rainfall, broad bean districts in thelower south-east of SA.It has significantly improved resistanceto ascochyta blight (MR-R) and betterrust resistance (MR) than Aquadulce andis slightly less susceptible to chocolatespot than other faba beans.The yield of PBA Kareema has beensimilar to, or slightly greater than,Aquadulce in trials in the South East ofSA over the past 9 years.It is licensed to PGG Wrightson Seedsand an end point royalty applies.Refer to PBA Kareema variety brochurewww.grdc.com.au/director/events/grdcpublications/pba or www.pulseaus.com.au/pdf/PBA%20Kareema%20Website%20Final.pdfThe contribution of data andinformation for this report fromthe Pulse Breeding Australia fababean Breeding Program by Dr JeffPaull, University of Adelaide, andRohan Kimber, SARDI, is gratefullyacknowledged.More information:Andrew Ware (08) 8688 3417,andrew.ware@sa.gov.au34 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011SA Faba Bean Variety Trial Yield Performance (2010 and predicted regional performance, expressed as % of site average yield)Variety LOWER EP UPPER EP YORKE PENINSULA MID NORTH / CENTRAL MALLEE SOUTH EAST2010 Long termaverage acrosssitest/ha % ofSiteMeanNo.Trials2010 Long termaverage acrosssitesRudall t/ha % ofSiteMeanNo.Trials2010 Long term averageacross sitesCockaleechieMaitlandMinlatont/ha % ofSiteMeanNo.Trials2010 Long termaverage acrosssitest/ha % ofSiteMeanNo.Trials2010 Long termaverage acrosssitest/ha % ofSiteMeanNo.Trials2010 Long termaverage acrosssitesDoza 116 1.82 90 7 92 - - - 91 86 2.78 90 8 77 93 83 95 94 101 2.08 88 18 87 1.30 91 3 94 102 - 2.44 92 17Farah 94 1.96 97 10 91 1.03 102 4 99 103 3.07 100 12 102 94 100 92 95 92 2.33 99 33 99 1.48 104 5 94 85 81 2.61 98 32Fiesta 96 2.00 99 10 93 0.99 101 4 95 100 3.03 99 12 109 97 95 93 102 91 2.33 99 34 92 1.49 104 5 104 112 98 2.64 99 32Fiord 83 1.97 98 9 - 0.93 94 4 - - 2.95 96 10 - 88 77 - 88 91 2.19 93 32 - 1.40 100 4 - 99 - 2.48 93 24Nura 62 1.99 99 10 104 0.98 99 4 95 99 3.04 99 12 106 99 115 79 95 109 2.27 97 34 101 1.46 100 5 100 98 62 2.57 97 32Site avyield (t/ha)2.25 2.02 2.54 0.99 4.89 4.54 3.08 3.75 2.40 3.39 2.90 3.87 4.40 2.35 2.63 1.43 4.22 5.41 2.60 2.66LSD (%) 24 17 7 10 10 13 11 8 11 8 13 11 17 22Date sown 27-May 27-May 26-May 25-May 26-May 14-May 12-May 3-May 27-May 7-Jun 10-May 13-May 20-May 1-JunSoil type SCL LS SCL/CLS SCL L/CL CL HC ZCL/ SCMC LiMC SL/LC C C PpH (water) 6.5 6.6 8.0 8.1 6.6 7.8 8.1 8.3 7.5 7.9Apr-Oct 407 317 403 396 367 462 235 357 430 483rain (mm)Site stressfactorscs, wa cs as, csAbbreviations:Soil type: S=sand, C=clay, L=loam, P=Peat, F=fine, K=coarse, M=medium, Li=light, H=heavy, Z=silt, / =divides topsoil from subsoil.Site stress factors:, cs= chocolate spot , wa = waterlogging, as = ascochytaKieth NVT Faba Bean site: not releasedData source: SARDI/GRDC, NVT and PBA - Australian Faba Bean Breeding Program. 2004-2010 MET data analysis by National Statistics Program.BoolLagoonLaura Pinery SaddleworthTarleeTurretfieldCharlickLamerooBordertownMillicentt/ha % ofSiteMeanNo.Trials2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 35

Crop Harvest Report 2011Mitika oats weather the stormBy Sue Hoppo, Scientific Officer, andPamela Zwer, Principal Oat Breeder, SARDIUnpredictable and unfavourableweather conditions, foliardiseases, mice and locust plagueswhich varied by location set the scene fora very different yield performance profilefor all oat varieties in 2010.Not any one variety dominated.However, Potoroo was the highestyielding at four of the 10 locations inSouth Australia.Mitika and Possum were the secondmost stable yielding varieties across trialsites.Large yield differences occurred at alltrial sites and the highest of these wasat Riverton where Possum more thandoubled the yield of Wandering.Grain quality in the milling varietieswas excellent at all trial locations exceptGreenpatch and Kybybolite where testweights were relatively low.M i t i k a w a s t h e o v e r a l l s t a n do u t f o r g r a i n q u a l i t y i n 2 0 1 0 .Yallara, Mitika and Euro had thehighest test weight with Carrolupperforming well in the South East.Mitika also averaged the lowestscreenings % across all sites followedclosely by Possum and then Yallara.Grain size was largest for Euro andMitika and protein highest for Mitika.Good rains in April had many hopingfor a good start to the year but dryconditions in May combined with somewarm weather caused a delay in seedingwith many crops being sown dry.Problems with mice particularly throughthe mid North and Yorke Peninsulaalso caused delays to seeding with somehaving to re-sow paddocks due to thedamage sustained.The trial site at Pinery was not harvesteddue to extensive mouse damage. Locustsand lucerne flea also caused problems forsome.Rain in late May was the opening breakwith greater than 75 mmrecorded widely across the midNorth of the state.Growing season rainfall wasclose to average or even belowaverage in some districts for thefirst half of the growing seasonbut August was very wet withspraying days hard to find.By the end of August reportsof stem rust and red leather leaf in oatsstarted coming in.September was also wet and the haycutting season was delayed and extended.In some cases crops were left for grainrather than cut for hay due to the wetconditions. Hay yields were good but raindamaged hay was widespread.The start of grain harvest was alsodelayed and a very wet December limitedharvesting days and saw many stillreaping into the New Year.Severe lodging and shattering occurredin crops not harvested before the stormshit in mid December.Stem rust, leaf rust, barley yellow dwarfvirus (BYDV) and red leather leaf diseasesall took their toll on both yield andquality in affected areas.Care should still be taken to monitorrust levels in paddocks of all oat varietiesas rust races can change from year toyear. With weather damaged grain alsobeing prevalent, germination testing willbe imperative for seed being used forsowing in 2011.Following is a summary of how eachvariety performed in the National OatBreeding Program trials and the SouthAustralian National Variety Trials (NVT)conducted by the SARDI New VarietyAgronomy Group in 2010.Factors such as grain quality, diseaseresistance and maturity as well asgrain yield should be consideredbefore selecting the variety best suitedto your district and end use. Thesowing guide published each year inOctober/November or on the SARDIwebsite (www.sardi.sa.gov.au) providesSue Hoppocomprehensive notes on eachvariety and is your best guide tochoosing oat varieties for bothgrain and hay production.The new milling variety Yallara Ais a backcross line from a NorthDakota breeder’s line combiningEuro’s yield and premium millinggrain quality with stem and leafrust resistance.Changes in rust races occurred in 2010and in some areas Yallara had susceptiblereactions to stem rust. Yallara has brightgrain and high grain digestibility makingit suitable for the horse racing industry.It is slightly taller and earlier than Euro.Like Euro it is resistant to cereal eelwormbut intolerant. It is also susceptible andintolerant of stem nematode. Yallaraaveraged 20% below its long term averageacross 10 locations in 2010.Tall varieties are more prone tolodging and shattering and this wouldhave contributed to Yallara’s poorperformance.Despite its yield, Yallara maintainedits premium grain quality across alllocations. Seed of Yallara is available fromViterra.The dwarf milling quality variety Mitika Ais an early maturing variety suited to allrainfall districts due to its improved foliardisease resistance spectrum1.However, it is intolerant and susceptibleto cereal eelworm and is not suitable forareas where this is a problem. Mitika haslow husk lignin and good grain proteinand digestibility making it also anexcellent option for feed.Mitika yielded 6% below its long termaverage in 2010 across all locations butwas the equal second highest yieldingvariety. It yielded above the site average atRiverton, Turretfield and Frances.Mitika also averaged the second highesttest weight, the lowest screenings, highestgrain weight and highest protein of allthe varieties tested. Stem rust infectionvaried for Mitika depending on location.Mitika was rated as anything from36 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

OatsCrop Harvest Report 2011SA Oat Variety Yield Performance: 2010 and long term (2004-2010), expressed as a % of site average and as t/ha2010Lower Eyre Upper Eyre Yorke Pen. Mid North South East MurrayMalleeGreen Patch Nunjikompita Paskeville Crystal Pinery Riverton Turretfield Bordertown Frances Kybybolite LowbankVarietyBrookCarrolup - - - - mice 74 58 110 131 122 -Euro 98 112 88 103 damage - - 101 54 - 89Mitika 98 97 97 93 117 118 89 116 94 95Mortlock - - - - 63 52 86 73 71 -Numbat 81 75 83 78 36 36 78 92 47 92Possum 97 92 102 94 121 123 98 108 84 92Potoroo 86 111 115 115 114 84 - - 128 122Wandering - - - - 55 83 118 76 92 -Yallara 99 100 79 90 63 70 59 63 87 91Site av. yield t/ha 4.03 2.10 3.70 5.08 2.67 1.84 2.40 2.05 2.81 2.21LSD (%) 8 6 11 5 28 23 24 27 26 14Date sown 2 Jun 5 Jun 27 May 5 May 2 Jun 15 Jun 7 Jul 21 May 12 May 31 May 27 MaySoil type LS SL L/ZCL SL/SCL CL CL CL LC CL SL LS/LSpH (water) 5.6 8.2 8.1 6.9 8.2 5.9 7.0 6.5 6.8 8.4A-O rain mm 494 249 357 320 462 398 357 398 424 252Stress factors l l,s,r,w r r,wSA Oat Variety Yield Performance: Long Term average across sites within region (2004-2010) as % site average and number of trialsLower Eyre Upper Eyre Yorke Peninsula Mid North South East Murray MalleeVariety% sites av. # trials % sites av. # trials % sites av. # trials % sites av. # trials % sites av. # trials % sites av. # trialsCarrolup - - 100 2 - - 97 9 99 10 99 5Echidna 107 5 106 10 109 7 109 13 110 26 109 10Euro 103 6 100 12 100 8 103 16 101 31 101 12Mitika 108 6 105 12 108 8 109 18 107 32 106 12Mortlock 93 4 90 8 87 6 89 17 88 26 89 9Numbat - - 72 6 71 2 68 10 70 16 72 8Possum 107 6 106 12 105 8 107 18 107 32 105 12Potoroo 105 6 108 12 113 8 107 18 108 30 110 12Wandering - - 112 2 - - 110 11 110 11 114 6Yallara 103 6 101 12 98 8 101 18 98 32 101 12Site av. yield t/ha 3.42 1.50 1.93 2.99 3.43 1.76AbbreviationsSoil types: S=sand, C=clay, L=loam, F=fine, K=coarse, M=medium, Li=light, H=heavy, / =divides topsoil from subsoilStress factors: l=lodging, s=shattering, r=rust, w=wet at harvestData source: NVT, GRDC and SARDI Crop Evaluation and Oat Breeding Programs (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites)Data analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics Groupmoderately resistant to susceptible.Care is required to monitor rust levelsespecially in years with favourableconditions for the multiplication ofrust. Seed of Mitika is available fromSeedmark.Like Mitika, Possum A is a milling qualitydwarf oat susceptible and intolerant tocereal eelworm. In 2010, Possum yieldedslightly below its long term averageacross all locations and was equal secondhighest yielding with Mitika.It yielded above the site average atPaskeville, Riverton, Turretfield andFrances. In 2010 Possum had a lowertest and grain weight than other millingvarieties but the second lowest screeningspercent.This is probably due to Possum’sinferior stem and leaf rust resistancecompared to Mitika. However, Possum’searly-mid season maturity makes it moresuitable than Mitika to medium to highrainfall areas where cereal eelworm is nota constraint. Seed of Possum is availablefrom AWB Seeds.Euro, is a short tall milling qualityvariety with resistance but intolerance tocereal eelworm.It is also very susceptible to stem rustand requires monitoring and applicationsof fungicides in years when stem rust islikely to be a problem.Like most varieties, Euro did notperform as well as its long term averagein 2010. Across all locations it was 9%lower yielding that would be expected.Grain quality was excellent.Potoroo is an early maturing dwarffeed variety with resistance and toleranceto cereal eelworm. It is the only varietytested in these trials suited to areas wherecereal eelworm is a problem.Potoroo was the only variety to performsimilar to its long term yield average in2010.Indicative of its feed status, Potoroo hadthe second lowest average test weight ofall varieties in 2010 but grain weight andscreenings were better than expected.Numbat is a naked oat suitable forfeeding mono-gastric animals. Adviceshould be sought before growing thisvariety. Wandering, Car rolup andMortlock are varieties bred in WesternAustralia and included in NVT andbreeding trials.They are not recommended in SouthAustralia due to their susceptibility tonematodes and foliar diseases in thisstate.Advice should be sought beforegrowing these varieties in SouthAustralia. Watch out for new dwarfvarieties soon to be released by theSARDI Oat Breeding Program whichcombine eelworm resistance andtolerance with improved grain quality.1Refer to the Oat Sowing Guide published inOctober/November each year, SARDI website orvariety brochures for a more comprehensive listingof the foliar disease resistances for each variety.More information:Sue Hoppo (08) 8303 9386sue.hoppo@sa.gov.au2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 37

Crop Harvest Report 2011Bogong takes trifectain SA triticale trialsBy Kenton Porker, SARDI,and Rob Wheeler, SARDIFor the third successive year Bogonghas taken out overall honours forthe highest average yield across all8 triticale National Variety Trial (NVT)sites in SA. The new variety Berkshirecame in a distant second but jostled fortop spot with Bogong across some sites.Mild and wet spring conditionsthroughout much of SA provided forenvironments that favoured the mediumto later maturing varieties in reachingtheir yield potential. Yields across thetriticale sites on a whole were aboveaverage.Across all sites in 2010, yields averaged3.39t/ha, 14% lower than 2009; largelydue to the lower than average yieldsachieved at the higher yielding sites.Yields ranged from 1.81 t/ha at Buteon the Yorke Peninsula to 4.37 t/ha atTurretfield in the Mid North. Conmurrain the South East suffered lower thanaverage yields due to significant pressurefrom stripe rust and the Bute siteendured weed pressure from BromeGrass. The lower rainfall sites such asPinnaroo proved to benefit most fromthe favourable spring conditions.Amongst the triticale yields for 2010, therelatively new grain releases continued tooutclass the older foundation varieties ofTahara and Tickit across all districts ofSA. Bogong was the overall top yieldingvariety across the SA trials topping fiveof the eight trial sites with Berkshire7% further back taking out top spot inthe remaining three sites. A respectivethird place went to Hawkeye 10% behindBogong, followed by Canobolas (12%).Tahara and Tickit yielded a further 22%below Bogong.Due to seasonal differences inperformance of varieties, it is importantto consider long term averages andwhether the variety has beenwidely evaluated across seasonsand sites when comparing yieldsof varieties. Rust classificationsalso change regularly due to newrust pathotypes arising. Pleaserefer to the latest disease guidesfor updated information.Bogong released by the University ofNew England in 2008, has now beenevaluated for four seasons across all sitesin SA. Bogong has all but proven itsbroad adaptation through topping theNVT trials for the third year running.Long term yield results position Bogongaround 20% above average across allenvironments in SA. Bogong was thehighest yielding variety in 2008 whenthe season shut off with dry conditionsexperienced in spring; explained by itsearly to mid season maturing. Bogongwas therefore tipped to come back to thepack in longer seasons and under morefavourable spring conditions. However,against the odds, Bogong has continuedto excel in both the more favourableseasons of 2009, and 2010; still yieldingabove all other varieties. Bogong offersgood resistance to all common forms ofrust, but is not resistant to CCN.Berkshire is a relatively new varietywhich performed particularly well in 2010at the higher rainfall sites and heavier soiltype sites, but fell well below average inthe lower rainfall and more sandier sites.Longer term, Berkshire is behind Bogongand about on par with Canobolas at 10%above average. Berkshire was purposebred for its feed quality traits for pigs bythe University of Sydney and the PorkCRC. It is of mid season maturity, but isnow moderately susceptible to stripe rust.Hawkeye was the respectably thirdranked variety in SA for 2010 provingit also is well adapted after being aconsistent high performer across seasonsand sites in SA (6% above average) butKenton Porkerdown on Bogong and Berkshire.Hawkeye released by AGT in2007, is broadly adapted, midmaturing, resistant to CCN andrust, and offers excellent grainquality.Compared to long term yields,Canobolas and Jaywick did notperform as well in 2010 as in previousseasons but still continued to outclassolder varieties. Both varieties are slightlyearlier maturing than their counterpartsBogong and Hawkeye; partly explainingthe disparity in yield observed in 2010between the varieties. Canobolas releasedby the UNE in 2008 has performed wellover seasons; however, is now moderatelysusceptible – susceptible to stripe rustas verified by its low yield at Conmurrain 2010. Jaywick was released in 2007by AGT as a broadly adapted variety,offering CCN resistance and good to fairresistance to all rusts with excellent grainquality.Rufus yields remained inferior to thenewer grain varieties in 2010 but itsperformance remained aligned withlong term averages. Rufus is a reducedawn variety, resistant to rusts and CCN,making it a very valuable dual purposevariety for hay, grazing and grainproduction.2010 saw the release of new grain varietyChopper from AGT. Chopper is a semidwarf very early maturing variety withCCN and good rust resistance, offeringan alternative for the CCN susceptibleand now rust susceptible Speedee.Chopper is more likely to performwell in short seasons and in low yieldpotential environments. The long seasonof 2010 did not favour early maturingvarieties such as Chopper; even so, it hasperformed as well as later varieties Taharaand Tickit. Chopper’s performance ismore likely to fluctuate with differencesin seasonal conditions.38 > SARDI Crop Harvest Report 2 0 1 1

Crop Harvest Report 2011TriticaleSA Triticale Variety Yield Performance (2010 and long term, 2001-2010, expressed as % of site average yield and as t/ha)Variety 2010 Yields Long Term average across sites within region (2000-2010) as % site average and No of trialsLower Eyre Upper Eyre Yorke Pen. Mid North Murray Mallee South East# trials# trials %sitesav.# trials %sitesav.# trials %sitesav.# trials %sitesav.%sites av. # trials %sitesav.TurretfieldWharmindaPinnarooStreakyBayMinnipaGreenpatchBute ConmurraAbacus - 58 - - - - - - 91 4Berkshire 91 134 113 111 87 98 110 104 112 4 109 4 109 2 113 2 108 2 112 3Bogong 107 119 126 106 114 106 110 112 122 8 121 7 120 4 117 4 118 4 119 4Canobolas 102 89 101 106 105 107 98 100 112 8 112 7 113 4 112 4 108 4 109 4Chopper 96 80 106 100 93 87 101 96 103 6 103 6 102 3 103 3 103 3 100 3Crackerjack - 67 - - - - - - 102 2Endeavour - 90 60 - - - - 102Hawkeye 101 115 107 101 95 102 101 101 107 10 106 9 103 5 106 5 108 5 107 5Jaywick 97 111 100 98 105 93 90 101 106 10 105 9 104 5 105 5 108 5 108 5Rufus 96 78 98 95 96 101 90 96 100 8 100 8 101 4 99 4 101 4 97 5Tahara 78 61 96 98 96 106 88 101 98 12 103 11 98 6 98 6 101 6 96 6Tickit - - 95 95 101 101 - 103 99 12 101 11 99 4 98 4 103 6 98 5Tobruk - 148 - - - - - - 101 6 105 3 103 3 105 3 103 2 111 6Tuckerbox 105 76 87 - - - 84 88 92 4 94 2 91 2 88 2Yowie 99 105 91 89 87 95 96 104Yukuri - 91 79 - - - - 90 100 4 99 31.81 2.77 4.25 3.97 3.28 2.32 4.37 4.32 2.88 1.98 2.21 3.29 1.54 4.32Site av Yield(t/ha)Date Sown 18-May 27-May 2-Jun 7-Jun 12-May 10-Jun 14-Jun 2-JunSoil type FS/S C LS L SL/LiC LSCL SCL/LiC NWSpH (water) 6.7 6.2 5.6 8.4 8.3 8.2 6.2 6.8A-O rain mm 299 484 494 345 252 323 398 341wg yrStressfactorsAbbreviationsSoil types: S=sand, C=clay, L=loam, F=fine, K=coarse, M=medium, Li=light, H=heavy, NWS= non wettting sand, / =divides topsoil from subsoilYLF’s: yr= stripe rust, wg=grass weedsData source: SARDI/GRDC & NVT (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites)Data analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics GroupFor the second year running Tobruktopped the rust affected high rainfallsite in the South East despite beingsusceptible to stripe rust. Being a wintertype variety, Tobruk is suited to longerseason wetter environments. Tobrukappears to have a fit in SA offering agenuine dual purpose and longer seasonfully awned grain only variety.Abacus, a very long season varietyis now susceptible to stripe rust andconsequently suffered the most in theSouth East trial.Yukuri is a later maturing, reducedawn, rust resistant, CCN susceptible,dual purpose variety, commonly valuedfor forage production, and also forproducing milling quality grain of wheatlikeappearance. Yukuri’s performancein 2010 was below average; down onits performances in previous years,surprising given the season favoured suchvarieties. Yukuri’s long term yield places itin on par with the grain variety Tickit.Other new releases in 2010 includedTuckerbox from Seed Distributors in itssecond year of NVT; and Yowie, bred byKath Cooper, in NVT for the first timein 2010. Tuckerbox is a reduced awn,late – medium season variety which maybe grown for forage or grain with goodresistance to rust and CCN. Yowie is aslightly later maturing, medium season,fully-awned variety with resistance to rustsand CCN.Crackerjack (fully awned) andEndeavour (reduced awned) are bothwinter type varieties used predominantlyfor forage production in long season highrainfall environments. All four varietiesyielded well below average in 2010 buthave not yet been widely evaluated acrossseasons within SA NVT and furtherevaluation is needed.2010 highlighted varietal differencesin lodging. Lodging can be a significantproblem for triticale in wetter areas orin higher yielding situations. Chopperbeing shorter than all other varieties(approximately 15% shorter than Tahara)did not lodge to the same degree,showing its superior standing ability andstraw strength. 2010 also showed Tobrukand Bogong to stand up much betterthan older varieties Tahara and Rufusand newer releases Berkshire, Hawkeye,Jaywick, and Yowie.Acknowledgements: Contributions from DrKath CooperMore information:Kenton Porker (08) 8303 9475,kenton.porker@sa.gov.au2 0 1 1 SARDI Crop Harvest Report < 39

GRAIN INDUSTRYR E S E A R C H U P D A T ETArGeTedreSeArchThe SA Grain Industry Trust invests more than $1.2 million a year in supportingresearch crucial to the advancement of the SA grain industry with funds comingfrom a 25c a tonne contribution on all grain delivered by SA grain growers.In 2009 – 2010 SAGIT IS SupporTInG34 projecTS IncludInG:CereAlS• Improving the heat stresstolerance of wheat– AustralianGrain Technologies• Improved wheat and oat doubledhaploids – SARDI• Improved noodle quality inwheats for SA – University ofAdelaide• Barley germplasm development– SARDI• Barley agronomy and grasscontrol in changing farmsystems – SARDI• Identification and use of CCNmarkers in oat breeding –SARDI• Control of net blotch in barley –YPASG• Rhizoctonia control using variousapproaches (3 projects) –SARDI• Durum agronomy – DurumGrowers Association• Publication of the Sowing Guideand Harvest Reports – SARDI• Pre harvest sprouting riskassessment in wheat – RuralSolutionsPulSeS, OIlSeedS AndPASTureS• Novel tools for control of pulsepathogens– SARDI• New vetch species for lowrainfall regions– SARDI• Increasing lentil productionthrough better weed control –SARDI• Improving pea managementpractices – SARDI• Angel Strand medic, increasingbenefits to SA farmers – SARDI• Use of mapping for targetedweed control - SARDIOTher PrIOrITIeS• Value of Feed Grains –Productive Nutrition• Benefits of free living nitrogenfixing organisms - CSIRO• Development of improved strandmedic lines - SARDI• Increasing economic returnsfrom Precision Agriculture -SPAA• Developing farming systems byunderstanding the impact onsoil carbon– SARDI• Updating root disease manualand training courses– SARDI• DNA assays for stubblepathogens - SARDI• Impact of drought on fertiliseruse efficiency – University ofAdelaide• Farm Gross Margins Guide forcrops and livestock in SA –Rural Solutions• Improving trial effectivenessusing rain out shelters –University of AdelaideTruSTeeS Of TheSA GrAIn InduSTry TruSTPeter Kuhlmann (Mudamuckla) –Chair, Jim Heaslip (Appila),Simon Ballinger (Wolseley) andLinda Eldredge (Clare).The trustees are assisted inproject allocation decisions bySAFF nominees Peter McCormack(Adelaide) and Tanya Morgan(Jabuk), and Scientific Adviser DrAlan Dube.Secretariat – Thomas ProjectServices - Geoff Thomas(Phone 0409 781 469)www.sagit.com.auSouth Australian Grain Industry Trust