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The Times of Malta www.timesofmalta.com The Times of Malta is the largest Maltese daily newspaper. It is owned by Allied Newspapers Limited and is considered to have a conservative political orientation and is strongly in favour of the EU. 5 It is not affiliated with a political party. Malta Today www.maltatoday.com.mt Malta Today is a newspaper circulated only on Wednesdays and Sundays. It was founded by a former member of the Green Democratic Alternative Party along with a former functionary of the Nationalist Party. It is currently owned by MediaToday Co. Ltd. It has a liberal political orientation, though it is not officially affiliated with a political party. 6 The Malta Independent www.independent.com.mt The Malta Independent is a daily newspaper owned by Standard Publications Ltd. The paper is not affiliated with a political party, though it appears to have a “liberal conservative” political orientation. 7 FINDINGS: The Eurozone Crisis - On 11 March 2011, Malta backed the Franco-German Competitiveness Pact because, as Prime Minister Gonzi stated, it represented a tool “to strengthen the financial foundation of the ESM” and is important for EU members to improve their economies. 8 - On 21 July 2011, at a Council of the EU Summit Meeting in Brussels, Malta agreed to contribute €400 million as part of a broad €159 billion Eurozone commitment to the 113
EFSF in order to “decisively improve the debt sustainability and refinancing profile of Greece.” Prime Minister Gonzi said that the summit underscored the importance of EU Member States’ ability to achieve the kind of “fiscal consolidation” that “sends a positive message to the financial markets [and] creates stability.” 9 - On 9 September 2011, the EC released its 2011 Public Finances Report, which offered several recommendations for Malta. It stated that Malta must adopt a “binding, rulebased” framework to push its deficit to below 3% of its GDP and reduce its growing debt. Also, the EC urged that Malta “take action” to ensure the sustainability of its pension system. 10 On 11 November 2011, the EC again warned Malta of an economic downturn, citing the fact that the country’s deficit and debt were projected to increase next year despite projected GDP growth. 11 - On 8 November 2011, Malta, together with Bulgaria, Cyprus, and the Czech Republic, backed Sweden and Britain’s opposition to the so-called ‘Tobin Tax’ proposal (placing excise tax on cross border currency transactions) supported, most notably, by France and Germany. 12 The states in opposition argued that the levy would negatively impact both business and consumers. The ruling Nationalist Party led by Prime Minister Gonzi was supported in their position by the Opposition Labour Party; however, the Green Party (Alternattiva Demokratika), expressed “disappointment”, calling for banks and financial institutions to “participate in responsibility sharing for the economic crisis.” 13 - On 10 December 2011, Malta, along with 25 other members of the EU reached a consensus on a new treaty (the European fiscal treaty) to be signed in March 2012. The treaty called for greater fiscal discipline and integration amongst members by reducing bloated deficits, mutually “approved” budgets, and progressing towards balanced budget legislation. 14 114
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to t
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CONTENTS GLOSSARY 6 INTRODUCTION 7
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GLOSSARY CEPS Centre for European P
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We sincerely hope that you find our
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BACKGROUND: Austria joined the EU i
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EU Enlargement Another prominent is
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fied EU asylum policy. Once again,
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24 Solana, Javier. "Die Türkei und
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BACKGROUND: Belgium is a constituti
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FINDINGS: Assessment of Belgium’s
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- 25 May 2011: The EU pledged an ex
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1 “EU facts.” Civitas. 21 July
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BULGARIA By Anjela Deyanska Ethnic
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media. 7 In 1997 the German press c
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so viewed, by foreign political sci
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Issue of reforms Since Bulgaria’s
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states, and the EU as a whole, indi
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1 "Bulgaria Country Profile." BBC N
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46 "Чехия: Блокиране
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86 "Калфин: Ако не см
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123 Гутсузян, Мишел. "
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BACKGROUND: Denmark became a member
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countries at the expense of small a
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controls despite backlash from Germ
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not agree with the Eurosceptics and
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1 "European Countries-Denmark." Eur
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FRANCE By Emily Barrette Ethnic com
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Libération www.liberation.fr The t
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o “Les divergences entre Paris et
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elationship explicitly questioned.
Page 63 and 64: 26 Semo, Marc. “Paris le lièvre,
Page 65 and 66: BACKGROUND: Germany has the largest
Page 67 and 68: EU; however, believe that each stat
Page 69 and 70: - Over the weekend of 22 October 20
Page 71 and 72: testing factory farming, the use of
Page 73 and 74: were opposed to the ECB´s plan to
Page 75 and 76: 1 “CIA - The World Factbook Germa
Page 77 and 78: 41 Brost, Marc, Matthias Krupa, and
Page 79 and 80: BACKGROUND In 1981, Greece became a
Page 81 and 82: other Eurozone countries to find a
Page 83 and 84: 1 "Corruption Perception Index 2011
Page 85 and 86: BACKGROUND: Hungary is a parliament
Page 87 and 88: tainment’ style. 16 Blikk is targ
Page 89 and 90: force in record time - one year - w
Page 91 and 92: first created with Orban at its hel
Page 93 and 94: 1 “The World Factbook: Hungary.
Page 95 and 96: IRELAND By Chris Granicolo Ethnic c
Page 97 and 98: The Irish Times www.irishtimes.com
Page 99 and 100: the urgency of the European situati
Page 101 and 102: 24 Beesley, Arthur. "All the Work R
Page 103 and 104: BACKGROUND: Italy was one of the si
Page 105 and 106: editions for the provinces of Lazio
Page 107 and 108: Italian economy was more stable and
Page 109 and 110: opean Commission applauded Italy fo
Page 111 and 112: 29 “Sostegno All'Italia Di Merkel
Page 113: BACKGROUND: Though only officially
Page 117 and 118: from Libya. It also reaffirmed its
Page 119 and 120: ther needed to “force” other me
Page 121 and 122: 22 Mercieca, Nikki Abela. “PM hop
Page 123 and 124: BACKGROUND: The Netherlands is a co
Page 125 and 126: Eurozone because of the credit rati
Page 127 and 128: illegal immigrants. The freedom of
Page 129 and 130: POLAND By Stanislaw Pelc Ethnic com
Page 131 and 132: Rzeczpospolita employs many of Gaze
Page 133 and 134: Eastern Partnership Finally, the ma
Page 135 and 136: ole of Poland in the EU. They divid
Page 137 and 138: PORTUGAL By Camilla Guiguer Ethnic
Page 139 and 140: Diario de Noticias www.dn.pt Diario
Page 141 and 142: Portuguese faith still exists in th
Page 143 and 144: 1 Advameg, Inc.. "Portugal Press, M
Page 145 and 146: ROMANIA By Alexandra Savilo Ethnic
Page 147 and 148: and the newspaper upholds a strong
Page 149 and 150: voted to it; even though it was onl
Page 151 and 152: Over the course of the year, most a
Page 153 and 154: 31 Voicu, Anca, Eva Galambos, and M
Page 155 and 156: 63 Toader, Flavius. "Germania şi A
Page 157 and 158: THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION By Amina Abd
Page 159 and 160: in total) in Russia in 2011. 7 Desp
Page 161 and 162: Arab Spring The operation in Libya
Page 163 and 164: - Finally, the question of energy h
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1 Speech by Peter Mandelson, “The
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37 “Russia And The EU Have Agreed
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BACKGROUND: Over the past decade, S
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status and the issues surrounding t
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forces after an attempt to staff th
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that many articles discussed whethe
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27 "Merkel: Srbija ne ispunjava usl
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BACKGROUND: After its 1986 entry in
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lief, Spain would not be requesting
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environment and foreign relations w
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SWITZERLAND By Rabiya Asad Ethnic c
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Swissinfo www.swissinfo.ch Swissinf
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available resources for Swiss natio
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1 "Switzerland Country Profile." BB
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BACKGROUND: Turkey’s relationship
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The unfair use of Cyprus as a barga
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1 “EU-Turkey Relations.” Europe
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UKRAINE By Tanya Branitska Ethnic m
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1+1 www.1plus1.ua 1+1 is the countr
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ecome a notable point in the relati
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1 Van Rompuy, Herman “Remarks of
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THE UNITED KINGDOM By Debbie Butts
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FINDINGS: In January, there were su
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into the public arena and being gra
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1 George, S. An Awkward Partner: Br
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44 "UK rejects EU call for city cen
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