GOLD Report I - UCLG

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91Annex 1CountryMajor Local Government Legislation in Selected Asia-Pacific Countries (Cont.)YearVietnam 1958 Law on Local Governments1994 Law on Organization of the People's Council and the Administrative Committees at All Levels of government1996 Ordinance on Concrete Tasks1998 Budget Law2004 Revised State Budget LawSource: <strong>UCLG</strong> Country Profiles (2007) and Brillantes 2006; CLGF 2005; World Bank 2005.
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Decentralizationand local democracy
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UCLG wishes to acknowledge the Supp
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© 2008 United Cities and Local Gov
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FOREWORD8 United Cities and Local G
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PREFACE10 United Cities and Local G
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EDITORIAL PROJECT12 United Cities a
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS14 United Cities and
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS16 United Cities and
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INTRODUCTION18 United Cities and Lo
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INTRODUCTION20 United Cities and Lo
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AFRI C AMUSTAPHA BEN LETAIEFCHARLES
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23I. IntroductionAfrica encompasses
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25CCountry Political Type of state
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27and local governments are defined
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29torical context from which they e
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31aid. In some cases, central gover
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33suffrage. Metropolitan councillor
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35Table 3 Responsibilities of local
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37taxation. VAT has been establishe
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39disbursements to local government
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Page 130 and 131: EUROPEGÉRARD MAR COUHELLMUT WOLLMA
Page 132 and 133: 129I. IntroductionThe Europe under
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141same year, public sector investm
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143growth in Austria and Germany 13
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145ferent weighting given to their
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147government’s behalf. This wide
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149dic countries it is the responsi
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151Table 2Typology of European coun
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153zing and monitoring tasks. The i
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155executive branch from the assemb
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157has sometimes usefully turned to
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159under many different conditions
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161be made among four categories of
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163V. ConclusionThis panoramic pres
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165whatever the differences in lega
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LATIN AMERICA166 United Cities and
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LATIN AMERICA168 United Cities and
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LATIN AMERICA170United Cities and L
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MIDDLE E AST / WESTERN A SIAMUSTAPH
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203I. IntroductionThe geographical
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205Table 1Administrative organizati
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207The need for economic restructur
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209head of the executive committee
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211far from negligible in those sta
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213lopment of metropolises has take
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215Until recently, 90% of local inv
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217palities’ areas of responsibil
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219planning is dependent on an outs
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221one year, is steadily increasing
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223Syria, where the municipal counc
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225me the reluctance of party manag
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227V. ConclusionWhat emerges from t
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229Annex 2 Local democracyMunicipal
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NORTH AMERICA232 United Cities and
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NORTH AMERICA234United Cities and L
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NORTH AMERICA240 United Cities and
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METROPOLITAN GOVERNANCEJEFFERE Y SE
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255I. IntroductionWorldwide, metrop
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257Even beyond the boundaries of me
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259work of built-up urban areas - h
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261former colonies, structures of c
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263ferent ethnicity or race, the in
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265may be found in a flexible solut
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267Table 1Dimensions of governance
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269number. Advisory councils with t
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271regions increasingly poses what
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273degree of socio-economic and pol
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275zed and fragmented here. Primary
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277tal relations between cities and
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279Annex 1Examples of Metropolitan
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281CONCLUSIONDecentralization and D
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283evolution of decentralization. T
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285• In Eurasia, particularly in
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287A companion principle in the int
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289Box 2Subsidiarity - an issue at
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291ciency). Allocation efficiency i
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293nonexistent, with very low level
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295stepping stone to higher politic
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297Table 2:Local Government Personn
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299drawn from side-by-side comparis
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301of Africa, a Pan-African local g
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303agenda not only to articulate th
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305POSTFACEEssay on the clarificati
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307This approach is not really all
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309from election, just as decentral
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311envisages their “subordination
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313without being based on democrati
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Decentralization and local democrac
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