Artificial Intelligence Definition: A Review (Unformated) - File

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Artificial Intelligence: Assignment‐GroupTITLE: DEFINE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE1. Follow the lecturer’s instructions and submit the answer in theclass (16 June 2012).2. Give the answer in the separate sheet of paper by group withyour name and student no.TASK:1. Go to searchable databases such as IEEE, Elsevier, DOAJ etc. tosearch related papers.2. Read ten (10) or more papers that you obtained.3. Look for the definition of artificial intelligence.4. Identify how the authors define "artificial intelligence" in thepaper.5. Re‐think again if the title or content without "artificialintelligence".6. State your conclusion.Page 1
Artificial Intelligence: Assignment‐GroupA. Definition of Artificial Intelligence1. An artificial agent 1 inhabits a digital world (a cellular automaton) in whichits cognitive abilities vary in three dimensions (size of symbol memory,percentage of symbols that are innate, planning depth), allowing us toposition it in a space that reflects degree of commitment to keyphilosophical standpoints. One plane of this space corresponds to puresymbol attachment, another plane corresponds to pure symbol grounding,and the origin of coordinates corresponds to pure enactivism. We find thatan enactivist (purely reactive) agent architecture can perform as well asone employing planning in this scenario, if properly designed. Planning hasstrengths when task/environment complexity make design difficult butweaknesses if an inappropriate world model is acquired (e.g. as a result ofmismatch between model and task/environment complexity). However,the main claim of the article is that empirical exploration of the kindpresented here could usefully form the initial phase of the design of manypractical AI systems, and forms a valuable alternative to simply declaring apriori adherence to a particular philosophical position.2. A substantial knowledgebase 2 is an important part of many A.I.applications as well as (arguably) in any system that is claimed toimplement broad‐range intelligence. Although this has been an acceptedview in our field since very long, little progress has been made towards theestablishment of large and sharable knowledgebases. Both basic researchprojects and applications projects have found it necessary to constructspecial‐purpose knowledgebases for their respective needs. This isobviously a problem: it would save work and speed up progress if theconstruction of a broadly sharable and broadly useful knowledgebasecould be a joint undertaking for the field.3. The Intelligence in Wikipedia 3 project at the University of Washington iscombining self‐supervised information extraction (IE) techniques with amixed initiative interface designed to encourage communal contentcreation (CCC). Since IE and CCC are each powerful ways to produce largeamounts of structured information, they have been studied extensively —but only in isolation. By combining the two methods in a virtuous feedbackcycle, we aim for substantial synergy.4. Artificial intelligence has an important role to play in research 4 , becauseartificial intelligence focuses on the mechanisms that generate intelligenceand cognition. Artificial intelligence can also benefit from studying thePage 2
Page 1: Teknik Komputasi: Ujian Akhir Semes
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