PRILHE - Promoting <strong>Reflective</strong> Independent Learning in HE Student Handbook5.6. Self-evaluation / InvolvementAnother specific method of evaluation that can be developed in university education and is very useful for non-traditional studentsis self-evaluation. This methodology implies the involvement of students in the evaluation process, and that signifies taking intoaccount their opinion about their learning progress. During an academic year non-traditional students and adult learners have to beaware of the aims and learning outcomes of the subjects and then analyse if they have attained them. This self-evaluation iscarried out in a dialogue with lecturers or teachers.L’Escola de Verneda Sant Martí is a Spanish adult education school where the process of self-evaluation is based on the dialoguebetween students and teachers. In La Verneda Sant Martí the exam is not used as a method because the priority is that studentsdecide their progress through an egalitarian dialogue with teachers. In this sense, both students and teachers try to arrive at aconsensus about their further studies in order to ensure what is best for them. This kind of evaluation is possible thanks to theschool organisation which is based on democratic participation. Each contribution of any person who attends the school (teachers,volunteers and students) is taken into account in the decision making process (Sanchez 1999).Questions for Discussion / Reflection•••Do you think you would find it easy / difficult to do this? Why?What kind of skills would you need in order to undertake self-evaluation?What do you think about self-evaluation as a form of assessment?See more information at webpage: http://www.edaverneda.org38<strong>Becoming</strong> A <strong>More</strong> <strong>Critical</strong>, <strong>Autonomous</strong>, <strong>Reflective</strong> <strong>Learner</strong>
PRILHE - Promoting <strong>Reflective</strong> Independent Learning in HE Student Handbook6. References and links to the websitesChapter 1Commission of theEuropeanCommunities(2005).Dewey, J. (1938,1998)Engeström, Y.(1987)Communication to the Spring European Council - Working together forgrowth and jobs - A new start for the Lisbon Strategy.Experience and education: The 60th anniversary edition.Learning by Expanding: An Activity-Theoretical Approach toDevelopmental Research.Available at :http://ec.europa.eu/growthandjobs/reports/index_en.htm[Accessed 2 November 2006]West Lafayette, India: Kappa Delta PI.Helsinki: Orienta-konsultit Oy.Habermas, J (1984) The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol I, II, and III. Boston: Beacon Press.Mead, G. H. (1938) The Philosophy of the Act. Chicago: University Press.Chapter 3Interaction in learning processesBruner, J. (1996) The Culture of Education. Boston: Harvard University Press.Rogoff, B. (1994)Rogoff, B. et al.(2001)Scribner, S. (1988)Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners.Mind, Culture and Activity,Learning Together: Children and Adults in a School Community.Head and Hand: An Action Approach to Thinking.1(4), 209-229. San Diego: University of California.New York: Oxford University Press.Teachers College, Columbia University. National Center onEducation and Employment (ERIC Document ReproductionService Nª CE 049897).Vygotsky, L.S.(1986)DialogueCREA (2006)Thought and Language. Cambridge: MIT Press. (Original published in 1934).Spanish National Report. Analysis of the Interviews.PRILHE Project. Promoting <strong>Reflective</strong> and Independentlearning in Higher Education. Socrates Programme. Brussels:European Commission.CREA (2005)Elboj, C. et al.(2002)Spanish National report. Analysis of the Questionnaires.Comunidades de Aprendizaje. Transformar la educaciónPRILHE Project. Promoting <strong>Reflective</strong> and Independentlearning in Higher Education. Socrates Programme. Brussels:European Commission.Barcelona: Graó.Flecha, R. (2000) Sharing Words. Theory and Practice of Dialogic Learning. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. (p.o. 1997).Freire, P. (1997) Pedagogy of the Heart. New York: Continuum Pub Group.Habermas, J. (1984) The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol I, II, and III. Boston: Beacon Press.Emotional experience of critical reflectionBrookfield, S. (1994)Chapter 4Interactive groupsElboj, C. et al.(2002)Peer group supervisionTales from the dark side: a phenomenography of adult criticalreflection. International Journal of Lifelong EducationComunidades de Aprendizaje. Transformar la educación.13(3), 203-216.Barcelona: Graó.Tietze, K.-O. (2003) Kollegiale Beratung. Problemlösungen gemeinsam entwickeln. Hamburg: Friedemann Schulz von Thun.Tietze, K.-O. (2006)Peer Group Supervision [online]Available at: http://www.peer-supervision.com/index.html[Accessed 15 September 2006].<strong>Becoming</strong> A <strong>More</strong> <strong>Critical</strong>, <strong>Autonomous</strong>, <strong>Reflective</strong> <strong>Learner</strong> 39