evaluation of the european strategy on safety and health at work ...

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EVALUATION OF THE EUROPEAN STRATEGY ON SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK 2007-2012147increase <strong>of</strong> awareness and more importantly enforcement <strong>of</strong> OSH requirements onboard fishing vessels.Research: <strong>the</strong> 7 th Framework Programme, adopted in 2007 and running until end<strong>of</strong> 2013, includes several <strong>the</strong>mes that are relevant for occupational health andsafety, including “socio-economic sciences and <strong>the</strong> humanities”, with a strongfocus on employment, and “health” with a focus on <strong>the</strong> factors, including workrelatedones, for <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> diseases, <strong>the</strong> consequences <strong>of</strong> ageing andmental health promotion. It is interesting to note however that, despite a largenumber <strong>of</strong> projects related to OSH funded by FP7, occupational health and safety isnot highlighted as a priority in ei<strong>the</strong>r <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>se two <strong>the</strong>mes.Standardisation: <strong>the</strong> health and safety <strong>of</strong> workers is also influenced by legislationadopted with <strong>the</strong> objective <strong>of</strong> establishing <strong>the</strong> internal market, in particular <strong>the</strong>‘New Approach Directives’, which set essential requirements on <strong>the</strong> basis <strong>of</strong> whichstandards-setting bodies (i.e. <strong>the</strong> European Committee for Standardisation, <strong>the</strong>European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation and <strong>the</strong>Telecommunications Standards Institute) elaborate harmonised technicalstandards. Some stakeholders however have mentioned that more integrationbetween <strong>the</strong> standardisation process and OSH was needed and that synergies hadnot been sufficiently exploited.Agriculture: Agriculture is a key sector when it comes to occupational health andsafety, as <strong>the</strong> rates <strong>of</strong> fatal and non-fatal accidents are among <strong>the</strong> highest acrossindustries. 168 Despite this, no mention is made <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> health and safety and workingconditions <strong>of</strong> farm workers in <strong>the</strong> Community strategic guidelines for ruraldevelopment (programming period 2007 to 2013) 169 or in <strong>the</strong> 2006 Communicationon employment in rural areas 170 . More recently, <strong>the</strong> CAP Health check <strong>of</strong> 2008 didnot mention health and safety issues ei<strong>the</strong>r.Education and training: Apart from EU-OSHA activities on <strong>the</strong> health and safetyrisks, specific to educational establishments, and how <strong>the</strong>se can be managed,nei<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> policy fiches relating to <strong>the</strong> Multiannual Financial Framework 2014-2020 nor <strong>the</strong> 2010 communication on European cooperation in vocationaleducation and training mention health and safety as one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> area in whichlifelong vocational training could be needed. However, <strong>the</strong> overall agenda <strong>of</strong>promoting “up-skilling” and continuous learning is indirectly related to health andsafety as low qualified workers are particularly exposed to OSH risks 171 . Also, asalready noted in chapter 4.4 <strong>the</strong> European <strong>strategy</strong> did call for a wider use <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>168 http://osha.europa.eu/en/sector/agriculture169 Council Decision <strong>of</strong> 20 February 2006 on Community strategic guidelines for ruraldevelopment (programming period 2007 to 2013)170 European Commission, Communication, Employment in rural areas: closing <strong>the</strong> jobsgap, COM(2006) 857 final, Brussels, 21.12.2006171 Milieu Ltd & IOM, Occupational Health and Safety Risks for <strong>the</strong> most VulnerableWorkers, Study for <strong>the</strong> European Parliament, IP/A/EMPL/ST/2010-03, August 2011, pp99-108http://projects.cowiportal.com/ps/A019055/Documents/3 Project documents/Interim and final report/Final report October 2012/OSH <strong>evaluation</strong>-report_Final_submitted 14 March2013.docx
148 EVALUATION OF THE EUREVALUATION OF THE EUROPEAN STRATEGY ON SAFETY AND HEALTH AT WORK 2007-2012148Social Fund for developing training projects, however, this has only been <strong>the</strong> caseto a limited extent.Migration policies: Nei<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> Employer Sanctions Directive, which givesillegally employed workers <strong>the</strong> right to remuneration, nor <strong>the</strong> 2011 EuropeanAgenda for <strong>the</strong> Integration <strong>of</strong> Third-Country Nationals, 172 which providesrecommendations to address <strong>the</strong> new challenges related to <strong>the</strong> integration <strong>of</strong>migrants, include considerations on <strong>the</strong> health and safety conditions <strong>of</strong> migrantworkers.5.5.2 Integration <strong>of</strong> OSH considerations into relevantnational policiesThe desk study <strong>of</strong> national strategies shows that Member States have to a largeextent considered <strong>the</strong> need for coherence with o<strong>the</strong>r policies in <strong>the</strong>ir strategies (21out <strong>of</strong> 26 strategies focus specifically on this). The interviews with Member Statestakeholders indicate that <strong>the</strong> work on <strong>the</strong> national <strong>strategy</strong> and <strong>the</strong> European<strong>strategy</strong> has inspired <strong>the</strong>m to take a more holistic view on OSH than wouldo<strong>the</strong>rwise have been <strong>the</strong> case.This <strong>evaluation</strong> has not encompassed a review <strong>of</strong> individual policy documents fromo<strong>the</strong>r policy areas in <strong>the</strong> Member States to assess <strong>the</strong> specificities <strong>of</strong> policycoherence. There is concrete data to suggest that Member States are workingactively to mainstream OSH into education and training policies (see section 4.4).O<strong>the</strong>r policy areas mentioned during interviews with Member State stakeholdersare in particular employment policies and public health policies. However, whenasked to emphasise particularly successful areas <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> national strategies, MemberStates rarely put forward examples <strong>of</strong> successful results achieved due to coherencewith o<strong>the</strong>r policy areas. A few examples in <strong>the</strong> area <strong>of</strong> mainstreaming OSH intoeducation and training were provided, and also occupational medicine services andrelations to public health policies were mentioned on a few occasions.5.5.3 Summary <strong>of</strong> findingsSynergies with <strong>the</strong> four policy areas mentioned in <strong>the</strong> <strong>strategy</strong> have been developedto various degrees:› Coherence and synergies with public health policies are very strong andprogress has been made on <strong>the</strong> issues <strong>of</strong> tobacco smoke and mental health.However, more emphasis should have been put in <strong>the</strong> <strong>strategy</strong> on <strong>the</strong>promotion <strong>of</strong> a more global vision <strong>of</strong> health promotion at work.› The potential synergies with employment policies are naturally strong as OSHis a component <strong>of</strong> work-related policies and ultimately aims at ensuring <strong>the</strong>172 European Commission, Communication, European Agenda for <strong>the</strong> Integration <strong>of</strong> Third-Country Nationals, COM(2011) 455 final, Brussels, 20.7.2011http://projects.cowiportal.com/ps/A019055/Documents/3 Project documents/Interim and final report/Final report October 2012/OSH <strong>evaluation</strong>report_Final_submitted14 March 2013.docx
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