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Safety_Series_025_1968 - gnssn - International Atomic Energy ...

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This publication is no longer validPlease see http://www.ns-iaea.org/standards/1.3.1.8. Other organsM odifications to the v ascu lar system after irradiation take theform of changed p erm eability of the v e s s e ls , and m orp h ologica lchanges in the walls with circu latory disturbances (n ecroses). Thesevascular changes are of particular significance for the skin.The lens of the eye is sensitive to irradiation. D oses of 15 - 30 radsX -r a y s and p o ssib ly 1 rad o f fast neutrons cau se m inim al lensopacity in the m ou se. S everal hundreds of rads initiate tem poraryconjunctivitis in man, but exposure to 2000 R destroys rods in retinaof monkeys and 30 000 R affects all retinal elem ents m orphologically.E ndocrine glands in adult anim als are con siderably radioresistan t(thyroid gland). H istological changes in dog thyroid w ere observedafter an exposure o f 10 000 R.R adiation can a lso prod u ce certa in n o n -s p e c ific e ffe cts w hichare m ediated through the adrenal gland and which are iden tical withthose produced by other stre sse s . This em phasizes the n on -sp ecificch a ra cter of som e effects o f radiation. E ffects of this type can beobtained with a few hundred rOntgens o f X -r a y s , and it is p o s s ib lethat other en docrin e p r o c e s s e s con cern ed with regulating functionsin the body can be affected by such exposu res.T A B L E V . D E C R E A SE IN L IF E -S P A N A F T E R P A R T IA L -AND W H O L E -B O D Y X -R A Y E X P O SU R E C O M P A R E D IN THEMOUSE aRegion exposedExposure(R)Mediansurvivaltim e(d)Significantlydifferentfrom control(P g 0 .0 5 )C o n t r o l 0 676 -Entire anim al 530 582 yesEntire chest 720 646 noO n e-h a lf chest 570 654 noand caudal 1140 591 yes2 cm o f trunk 1700 525 yesa Fem ale m ice, 170 days when irradiated; with the doses em ployed there, were no acutedeaths [10, p. 1 56].40

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