Fiber-Optic Communication System
Fiber-Optic Communication System
Fiber-Optic Communication System
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Wavelength BandsOESCLU1260 - 1360 nm - original1360 - 1460 nm - extended1460 - 1530 nm - short1530 - 1565 nm - conventional1530.33 - 1564.68 nm 195.9 THz - 191.6 THz1565 - 1625 nm - long1625 - 1675 nm - ultra-longC and L bands are the most important todayDWDM (dense) used for long haul and ultra-long haul systems; channelspacings of 50 GHz and 100 GHzCWDM (coarse) used for metro systems; channel spacing of 200 GHz ormore (ITU G.964.2: 1530, 1550, 1570, 1590, 1610 nm)ELEC-863 Topics in <strong>Optic</strong>al <strong>Communication</strong>s
Characteristics of <strong>Fiber</strong>-<strong>Optic</strong> <strong>Communication</strong>s 1- Lasers emitting at optical frequencies from 196.4 THz (1526.44 nm) to191.7 THz (1563.86 nm) with a channel spacing of 50 or 100 GHz-multiple li l optical signals with ihdistinct i wavelengths (optical lfrequencies)combined onto a single-mode optical fiber (wavelength divisionmultiplexing)- C-band erbium doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs 1.530-1.565 1 565 μm), L-bandEDFAs (1.565-1.625 μm), Raman amplifiers- solitary and pre-amplified InGaAsP p-i-n photodiodes and avalanchephotodiodes- direct intensity modulation, external NRZ and RZ OOK modulation,external NRZ and RZ DPSK modulation- zero-dispersion wavelength of fiber is 1.31 μm, , dispersion at a wavelengthof 1.55 μm is ~17 ps/km/nm (NDSF), attenuation of ~ 0.2 dB/km- zero-dispersion wavelength of fiber is 1.47-1.51 μm, dispersion at awavelength of 1.55 μm is 2-4 ps/km/nm (NZDSF), attenuation of ~ 0.2 dB/kmELEC-863 Topics in <strong>Optic</strong>al <strong>Communication</strong>s
Characteristics of <strong>Fiber</strong>-<strong>Optic</strong> <strong>Communication</strong>s 2-dispersion compensating fiber (DCF) (dispersion at a wavelength of 1.55 μmis -80 ps/km/nm, attenuation is ~0.5 dB/km) or dispersion compensatinggratings compensate dispersion.- optical amplifiers compensate lossNZDSFEDFADCFEDFANet dispersion ≈ 0 ps/nmEDFA Gain ≈ <strong>Fiber</strong> LossN spans for long haul, ultra-long haul, and transoceanic systemsELEC-863 Topics in <strong>Optic</strong>al <strong>Communication</strong>s
WDM <strong>Fiber</strong>-<strong>Optic</strong> <strong>Communication</strong> <strong>System</strong>TX-1RX-1TX-2TX-3WDMMux<strong>Optic</strong>al<strong>Fiber</strong>EDFA….WDMDemuxRX-2RX-3TX-6464 channels with 100 GHz spacing…189.7-196.0 THz, 1580.35-1529.56 nmRX-64ELEC-863 Topics in <strong>Optic</strong>al <strong>Communication</strong>s
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