part 1 - EuroAfrica-ICT

PROJECT SYNOPSESwith Africa in FP6EUR 23617

Interested in European research?Research*eu is our monthly magazine keeping you in touch with the main developments (results, programmes, events, etc.). It isavailanle in English, French, German and Spanish. Afree sample copy or free subscription can be obtained from:European CommissionDirectorate-General for ResearchCommunication UnitB-1049 BrusselsFax (32-2)29-58220E-mail: research-eu.europa.eu/research/research-euInternet: http://ec.europa.eu/research/research-euEUROPEAN COMMISSIONDirectorate-General for ResearchDirectorate D - International CooperationUnit D/1 - International Dimension of the Framework ProgrammeUnit D/3 - Specific International Cooperation ActivitiesE-mail: rtd-publications@ec.europa.eu

EUROPEAN COMMISSIONInternational Cooperationwith Africa in FP6Project SynopsesDirectorate-General for Research2009 International CooperationEUR 23617

Europe Direct is a service to help you find answersto your questions about the European UnionFreephone number(*):00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11(*)Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billedLEGAL NOTICENeither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsiblefor the use which might be made of the following information.The views expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views ofthe European Commission.Disclaimer: The content of this catalogue is based on the information available at the signature of the contractsA great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet.It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://europa.eu).Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication.Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 2009ISBN-13 978-92-79-10408-4ISSN Collection 1018-5593doi 10.2777/32177© European Communities, 2009Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.Printed in BelgiumPRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPERPictures © Shutterstock, 2009

In 2005, the African Union adopted Africa’s Science and Technology Consolidated Plan of Action (CPA) following extensivecontinent-wide consultations. The CPA emphasises the development of Africa’s research and technological innovationthrough Networks of Excellence Centres and capacity building programmes.Improvements of human well-being today depend crucially on knowledge — its production, distribution, ownership andwise application. Research carried out domestically and internationally is vitally important for the generation of knowledgethat a country can use for its development. International scientific and technological cooperation is a cornerstone for thetransition to sustainability in today’s context of accelerating technological development and global interdependence.The 8th Partnership on Science, Information Society and Space agreed at the EU-Africa Summit in Lisbon in December2007 is, therefore, a very important milestone for both sides. We realise that much can and must be done, requiringstrong political commitment among African countries to build up their science and technology (S&T) capacities and usethe results already available. This must be supported by strong international cooperation.Fortunately, we have a long and positive track record of scientific cooperation with African teams from across the continentmobilising local scientists and helping to strengthen the local RTD potential, thus promoting excellence from both regions.Since the early times of European Community research, collaboration with Africa has been a centrepiece for internationalS&T cooperation and has grown steadily in scope and financial resources.This catalogue documents the part of recent achievements under the Specific International S&T Cooperation Programme(INCO) of the 6th Research Framework Programme (2002–2006). Europe’s present strategic partnership with Africa inS&T can draw on the competence and knowledge mobilised during this and earlier programmes. We need to ensure thatthe investment into these forms of international cooperation bear fruit for the sustainable development of both sides.José Manuel Silva RodríguezDirector General for ResearchFOREWORD

Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................................................19A. Developing CountriesA1. Health and Public Health1. Reproductive health2. Health care systems3. Knowledge and technologies to improve control of neglected communicable diseases003660 / PROMISE COMPONENT 2................................................................................................................................................25Promoting infant health and nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa: Safety and efficacy of exclusive breastfeeding promotion in the era of HIV015379 / TRYLEIDIAG..............................................................................................................................................................................27Simplified rapid molecular diagnosis and characterisation of Leishmaniasis and Human African Trypanosomiasis015476 / BURULICO..................................................................................................................................................................................29Buruli ulcer: multidisciplinary research for improvement of control in Africa31620 / HATCAP.........................................................................................................................................................................................31Support for clinical trial capacity platform for sleeping sickness in Africa031650 / SODISWATER...........................................................................................................................................................................33Solar disinfection as an appropriate Household Water Treatment and Storage (HWTS) intervention against childhood diarrhoeal diseasein developing countries or emergency situations031849 / TFCASS........................................................................................................................................................................................37Tsetse flies and the control of African sleeping sickness031863 / ARVMAC....................................................................................................................................................................................39Effects of Antiretrovirals for HIV on African health systems, Maternal and Child health (ARVMAC)031939 / Support.......................................................................................................................................................................................41The support collaboration: supporting policy relevant reviews and trails032180 / VHF Diagnostics....................................................................................................................................................................43Development of rapid field diagnostics for identification, control and management of haemorrhagic fever outbreaks032203 / CONTRAST................................................................................................................................................................................45A multidisciplinary alliance to optimize schistosomiasis control and transmission surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa

032289 / SHIELD.........................................................................................................................................................................................47Strategies for health insurance mechanisms to address health system inequities in Ghana, South Africa and Tanzania032321 / SCOOTT......................................................................................................................................................................................49Sustainable Control of Onchocerciasis Today and Tomorrow032324 / NEUROTRYP.............................................................................................................................................................................51Biology and clinical staging of trypanosome neuroinvasion in sleeping sickness032336 / AUDOBEM-AFRO..................................................................................................................................................................53Effectiveness of facility-based audits to improve the responsiveness of West African district hospitals to obstetric emergencies:A three-country cluster randomised controlled trial032371 / GHIs in Africa..........................................................................................................................................................................55Experience of African countries with global health initiatives032405 / SCHISTOINIR............................................................................................................................................................................57Innate Immune Responses and Immunoregulation in Schistosomiasis: Novel mechanisms in the control of infection and disease032436 / TRANCHI.....................................................................................................................................................................................59T cell Regulation and the Control of Helminth Infections510956 / PILDU............................................................................................................................................................................................61Emergency contraception: a means to improve reproductive health in West Africa?515947 / FAHOPHS...................................................................................................................................................................................63Addressing the health of children in urban poor areas through improved home-based care, personal hygiene and environmental sanitation andhealthcare services517709 / REACT..........................................................................................................................................................................................65Strengthening fairness and accountability in priority setting for improving equity and access to quality health care at district level inTanzania, Kenya and Zambia.517733 / MUSTSCHISTUKEMA..........................................................................................................................................................67Multi-disciplinary studies of human schistosomiasis in Uganda, Kenya and Mali: New perspectives on morbidity, immunity, treatment and controlA2. Rational Use of Natural Resources1. Managing humid and semi-humid ecosystems2. Reconciling multiple demands on coastal zones3. Managing arid and semi-arid ecosystems031685 / SUN..............................................................................................................................................................................................71Tools for Management and sustainable use of natural vegetation in West Africa003711 / ECOST..........................................................................................................................................................................................73Ecosystems, Societies, Consilience, Precautionary principle: Development of an assessment method of the societal cost for best fishing practices andefficient public policies

003717 / LoGoWater..............................................................................................................................................................................77Towards effective involvement of local government in Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)in river basins of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region003739 / INCOFISH..................................................................................................................................................................................79Integrating Multiple Demands on Coastal Zones with Emphasis on Aquatic Ecosystems and Fisheries003729 / AfricaNUANCES....................................................................................................................................................................83Exploring tradeoffs around farming livelihoods and the environment: the AfricaNUANCES framework012054 / PASARELAS.............................................................................................................................................................................85Discovery Modelling Mediation DeliberationInterfaceTools for Multistakeholder Knowledge Partnerships for the Sustainable Management of Marine Resources and Coastal Zones015099 / EO-LANDEG.............................................................................................................................................................................87Earth Observation Initiative in former homeland of South Africa in support of EU activitieson land degradation and integrated catchment management –026180 / MUGIL.........................................................................................................................................................................................89Main uses of the Grey mullet as indicator of litoral environmental changes -026271 / MITMIOMBO..........................................................................................................................................................................91Management of indigenous tree species for ecosystem restoration and wood production in semi-arid Miombo woodlands in East Africa031694 / WATERMAN............................................................................................................................................................................93Dissemination of research results in semi-arid and arid ecosystems with a focus on sustainable water resource management in Ethiopia032037 / INNOVKAR...............................................................................................................................................................................95Innovative tools and techniques for sustainable use of the shea tree in Sudano-Sahelian zone.032233 / ACACIAGUM...........................................................................................................................................................................97Innovative management of Acacia senegal trees to improve resource productivity and gum-arabic production in sub-Saharan Africa043602 / VGT-WORK...............................................................................................................................................................................99VGT Work How space helps to manage ecosystems043784 / INTREPID..................................................................................................................................................................................101Integrated trans-boundary river management policy development043982 / CROSGOG.................................................................................................................................................................................103Cross sectoral commons governance in Southern Africa510745 / BORASSUS...............................................................................................................................................................................105The Environmental and Socio-economic Contribution of Palm Geotextiles to Sustainable Development and Soil Conservation510706 / SPEAR..........................................................................................................................................................................................107Sustainable options for People, Catchment and Aquatic resources

510790 / FOREAIM.................................................................................................................................................................................111Bridging restoration and multifunctionality in degraded forest landscape of Eastern Africa and Indian Ocean Islands510862 / TRANSMAP.............................................................................................................................................................................103Transboundery networks of marine protected areas for integrated conservation and sustainable development: biophysical,socio-economic and governance assessment in East Africa510863 / PUMPSEA................................................................................................................................................................................115Peri-urban mangrove forests as filters and potential phytoremediators of domestic sewage in East AfricaA3. Food security1. Health of livestock populations2. Bio-diverse, bio-safe and value-added crops3. Aquatic farming systems003670 / RP/PPRMARKVAC................................................................................................................................................................119Develoment of marker vaccines, companion diagnostic tests and improvement of epidemiologicalknowledge to facilitate control of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants viruses003713 / Epigenevac...........................................................................................................................................................................121Epidemiology and new generation vaccines for Ehrlichia and anaplasma infections of ruminants003716 / TRYPADVAC2.......................................................................................................................................................................123Development of an “anti-disease” vaccine and diagnostic tests for African trypanosomosis015101 / IndigenoVeg........................................................................................................................................................................125Networking to promote the sustainable production and marketing of indigenous vegetablesthrough urban and per-urban agriculture in sub-saharan Africa015403 / FONIO......................................................................................................................................................................................127Upgrading quality and competitiveness of fonio for improved livelihoods in West Africa015465 / SAFRUIT..................................................................................................................................................................................129Sahelian Fruit Trees015459 / BAMLINK...............................................................................................................................................................................131Molecular, Environmental and Nutritional Evaluation of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.Verdc.)for Food Production in Semi-Arid Africa and India032217 / DADOBAT..............................................................................................................................................................................133Domestication and development of baobab and tamarind.032059 / MARAMAII...........................................................................................................................................................................135Development of innovative and healthful maramabean (Tylosema esculentum) products targetting niche markets032103 / BOMOSA................................................................................................................................................................................137Integrating BOMOSA cage fish farming systems in reservoirs, ponds and temporary water bodies in Eastern Africa

032448 / COMPETE...............................................................................................................................................................................139Competence Platform on Energy Crop and Agroforestry Systems for Arid and Semi-arid Ecosystems - Africa043863 / AIDA.........................................................................................................................................................................................143Unlocking the Potentialities of Agriculture in Africa s Drylands for fighting hunger510561 / ICTTD........................................................................................................................................................................................145Integrated consortium on ticks and tick-borne diseasesB. Mediterranean Partner CountriesB1. Environment1. Comprehensive water policy and integrated planning2. Consumption efficiency and effectiveness, including plant breeding forefficient crop water and nutrient use3. Advanced water treatment, re-une and energy implications4. Environmental risks5. Renewable energies for Mediterranean specific needs011948 / RESYSproDESAL................................................................................................................................................................151Systems Analysis Environment for the Integration of Renewable Energy with De-central Water andPower Production in Mediterranean Partner Countries015031 / QUALIWATER......................................................................................................................................................................153Diagnosis and Control of Salinity and Nitrate Pollution in Mediterranean Irrigated Agriculture015226 / WADI........................................................................................................................................................................................155Sustainable management of Mediterranean coastal fresh and transitional water bodies: a socio-economic and environmental analysis of changes andtrends to enhance and sustain stakeholders benefits015286 / CRESMED...............................................................................................................................................................................157Cost efficient and reliable rural electrification schemes for South Mediterranean countries basedon multi user Solar Hybrid grids015410 / ELMAA.....................................................................................................................................................................................159Integrated water management of Mediterranean phosphate mining and local agricultural systems015434 / REACt.......................................................................................................................................................................................161Self-sufficient Renewable Energy Air-Conditioning system for Mediterranean countries015449 / PuraTreat................................................................................................................................................................................163New energy efficient approach to the operation of membrane bioreactors for decentralised wastewater treatment015453 / CIBEWU...................................................................................................................................................................................165Citrus breeding for efficient water and nutrient use.

015460 / OPTIWHEAT..........................................................................................................................................................................167Improving the yield stability of durum wheat under mediterranean conditions015468 / CEDROME..............................................................................................................................................................................169Developing drought-resistant cereals to support efficient water use in the Mediterranean area026426 / SOLARBUILD........................................................................................................................................................................171Integration of solar technologies into buildings in Mediterranean communities031569 / DISTRES...................................................................................................................................................................................173Promotion and consolidation of all RTD activities for renewable distributed generation technologiesin the Mediterranean region031697 / CYCLER-SUPPORT..............................................................................................................................................................177Supporting the implementation of FP6 research activities related to waste water use and recycling by using new generation greenhouse systems,adapted to the requirements of the MED Partner Countries031773 / PROMEMBRANE................................................................................................................................................................179Promotion and focussing of current research activities of membrane technology in water treatment in the Mediterranean Region031794 / STEELWATER........................................................................................................................................................................181Effective use of water in coal and steel industry031880 / TERMISOL..............................................................................................................................................................................183New low-emissivity and long lasting paints for cost-effective solar collectors031994 / HYRESS...................................................................................................................................................................................185Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Supplying of Services in Rural Settlements of Mediterranean Partner Countries032020 / MEDRES..................................................................................................................................................................................187Cost-effective renewable energy for rural and peri urban areas in the Mediterranean region032227 / MEDITERANEAN-AIRCON...........................................................................................................................................189An advanced solar-driven air-conditioning system for Mediterranean climate032319 / SOLATERM............................................................................................................................................................................191Promotion of a New Generation of Solar Thermal Systems in the MPC032344 / POWERSOL...........................................................................................................................................................................193Mechanical Power Generation Based on Solar Thermodynamic Engines032447 / RAMSES..................................................................................................................................................................................195Renewable energy agricultural multipurpose for farmers032535O / OPEN-GAIN.......................................................................................................................................................................197Optimal Engineering Design for Dependable Water and Power Generation in Remote Areas Using Renewable Energies and Intelligent Automation032559 / MEDISCO...............................................................................................................................................................................199MEDIterranean food and agro industry applications of Solar COling technologies

043536 / SWAP.......................................................................................................................................................................................201Mediterranean dialogue on framing sustainability in water policy evaluation043613 / SOWAMED...........................................................................................................................................................................203Network for the exchange of methodologies and expertise on sustainable water management and land husbandry in the Mediterranean509087 / DIMAS.....................................................................................................................................................................................205Network for the exchange of methodologies and expertise on sustainable water management and land husbandry in the Mediterranean509091 / OPTIMA..................................................................................................................................................................................207Deficit Irrigation for Mediterranean Agricultural Systems509093 / ADU-RES................................................................................................................................................................................209Optimisation for Sustainable Water Management509107 / WatNitMED..........................................................................................................................................................................211Co-ordination Action for Autonomous Desalination Units Based on Renewable Energy Systems509115 / AQUARHIZ............................................................................................................................................................................213Management Improvements of WUE and NUE of Mediterranean Strtegic Crops (Wheat and Barley)509136 / TRITIMED................................................................................................................................................................................215Exploiting the wheat genome to optimise water use in Mediterranean ecosystems509140 / PERMED..................................................................................................................................................................................217Native perennial forage plants for sustainability of farming systems in the western mediterranean509153 / IRRISEASOIL.........................................................................................................................................................................219A cheap easy-to-handle desalination approach for crop irrigation under Mediterranean conditions509158 / NOSTRUM-DSS...................................................................................................................................................................221Network on Governance, Science and Technology for Sustainable Water Resource management in the Mediterranean509159 / MedIndus...............................................................................................................................................................................225Advanced technologies for treatment of industrial and coastal waters of the Mediterranean region510669 / INGEDI......................................................................................................................................................................................227Integration of gender dimension in water management in the Mediterranean515940 / RESOURCENET....................................................................................................................................................................229Coordination of actions granted by the EU and other international organisms to rationalise the use ofnatural resources in arid and semi-arid areas515951 / HY-PA........................................................................................................................................................................................231Euro-Mediterranean renewable energy partnership517260 / WEMED...................................................................................................................................................................................233Evaluation of water use efficiency indicators in the Mediterranean region

517612 / MELIA.......................................................................................................................................................................................235Mediterranean dialogue on integrated water management517673 / INECO.......................................................................................................................................................................................239Institutional and Economic Instruments for Sustainable Water Management in the Mediterranean Region517696 / GEWAMED............................................................................................................................................................................241Mainstreaming gender dimensions into water resources development and management in the Mediterranean region517728 / INNOVAMED........................................................................................................................................................................243Innovative processes and practices for wastewater treatment and re-use in the Mediterranean regionB2. Protection and Conservation of Cultural Heritage1. Materials, artefacts, monuments and sites: new technologies and characterisation2. Simulation, re-creation, comparative preservation methodology3. Risk assessment and preventive conservation015245 / MEDISTONE..........................................................................................................................................................................247Preservation of ancient MEDIterranean sites in terms of their ornamental and building STONE: from determining stone provenance toproposing conservation/restoration techniques015338 / InfrArtSonic..........................................................................................................................................................................249Development of a novel and integrated portable non destructive analysis system for the documentation of artworks.015406 / MED-COLOUR-TECH........................................................................................................................................................251Investigation, Revival and Optimisation of Traditional Mediterranean Colouring Technology for the Conservation of the Cultural Heritage015416 / QUARRYSCAPES................................................................................................................................................................253Conservation of Ancient Stone Quarry Landscapes in the Eastern Mediterranean026352 / INFOMAN..............................................................................................................................................................................255Toward a Euro-Mediterranean memory: Expert workshop on information systems for Arab manuscripts031724 / C.H.E.R.M...............................................................................................................................................................................257Cultural Heritage Enhancement in the Region of Maghreb. Integrated approach to the Mediterranean prehistoric cultural heritage: the case of Maghreb043849 / MEDAL....................................................................................................................................................................................259Mediterranean Conservation Alliance502266 / C.H.E.R.K................................................................................................................................................................................261Cultural Heritage Enhancement in the Region of Kènitra (Morocco)509085 / WIND-CHIME.......................................................................................................................................................................263Wide-range Non-intrusive Devices toward Conservation of Historical Monuments in the Mediterranean Area509095 / PAPERTECH...........................................................................................................................................................................265Innovative materials and technologies for the conservation of paper of historical, artistic and archaeological value

509100 / PATINE DU DESERT..........................................................................................................................................................267Recréation de la patine des gres sahariens porteurs d’œuvres gravées ou peintes, témoins de 15000 ans de changements climatiques509110 / SHADUF..................................................................................................................................................................................269Traditional water techniques: cultural heritage for a sustainable future.509119 / PROHITECH...........................................................................................................................................................................271Seismic Protection of Historical Buildings by Reversible Mixed Technologies509126 / PROMET.................................................................................................................................................................................273Developing new analytical techniques and materials for monitoring and protecting metal artefacts and monuments from the mediterranean regionAdvanced scientific approaches for the restoration and conservation of precious metals objects from ancient Medi509145 / NOESIS....................................................................................................................................................................................277NOn-dEStructive Image-based manuscript analysis System517704 / HAMMAM............................................................................................................................................................................279Hammam, Aspects and Multidisciplinary Methods of Analysis for the Mediterranean Region517765 / OPERHA..................................................................................................................................................................................283Open and fully compatible next generation of strengthening system for the ReHAbilitation of Mediterranean cultural heritage518697 / TRAINMONHER..................................................................................................................................................................285Valorisation of Monumental Heritage through Higher Education and Professional Training. Socio-economic study and analysis of National Policies onEU-MED-DEV countries and EC DirectivesB3. Health031968 / MedGeNet............................................................................................................................................................................289Euro-Mediterranean Network for Genetic Services043757 / IMMIGRHIVTBMED..........................................................................................................................................................296Impact of immigration on HIV and Tuberculosis epidemiology on the Mediterranean Area509082 / CHILD TRAUMA NETWORK........................................................................................................................................295Psychological network support to violence traumatized children: disasters, conflicts509086 / Leish-MED.............................................................................................................................................................................297Monitoring risk factors of spreading of leishmaniasis around the mediterranean basin.509102 / ECHINONET...........................................................................................................................................................................301From country level to a pan-European perspective: A co-ordinated approach to controlling cystic echinococcosis510667 / GENO MED-HEALTH........................................................................................................................................................303Health of populations in the Mediterranean in the post-genomic era517727 / RABMEDCONTROL...........................................................................................................................................................305Identifying ecological and epidemiological key factors for rabies dynamics and control in North Africa and implicationsfor rabies status in South West Europe.

E. Multilateral coordination of national RTD Policies and activitiesInstitutional and Policy Support and Definition of S&T Cooperation Priorities*031634 / PROMEDAccess..................................................................................................................................................................309Promotion of the participation of researchers from Mediterranean Partner Countries in European research and mobility programmes043588 / ERA-MED................................................................................................................................................................................311Strengthening the European Research Area in Mediterranean Countries043821 / ST-EAP......................................................................................................................................................................................313Science and Technology - Europe Africa Project502257 / AIDA..........................................................................................................................................................................................315Renewable energy partnerships for poverty eradication and sustainable development in Africa510666 / EURO-MEDANET2.............................................................................................................................................................317Opening up the European Research Area to the Mediterranean Countries502267 / EURO-MEDANET................................................................................................................................................................319Opening up the European Research Area to the Mediterranean Countries517614 / MED7........................................................................................................................................................................................321Thematic workshps for the definition of the science and technology Euro-Mediterranean policy within FP7517967 / STREN.......................................................................................................................................................................................323Technological results exchange network518102 / ESASTAP.................................................................................................................................................................................325European - South Africa Science and Technology Advancement Programme*Numbering of sections corresponds to the Work Programme

IndexesIndex by Acronym...............................................................................................................................................................................327Index of Institutions by Country................................................................................................................................................333Sub-regional organisations in Africa........................................................................................................................................345

In keeping with the increasingly international nature ofknowledge creation and use the European Research Area(ERA) 1 is to be open internationally 2 . The Sixth ResearchFramework Programme (FP6: 2002-2006) was the keyinstrument for the development of this research policy andimplementation in the first phase of ERA.The FP6 offered three major routes for internationalscientific cooperation:a ) An international cooperation dimension integratedin the activities of each of the thematic priorityfields of the specific programme “Integrating andstrengthening the European Research Area” aswell as in the “Specific activities covering a widerfield of research”.b ) Dedicated international cooperation activities(henceforth referred to as INCO) which arerelevant to some groups of countries or regionsand which are not addressed by the otherthematic activities of the programme “Integratingand strengthening the European Research Area”.c ) A coherent set of actions to support theinternational mobility of researchers in theframework of the specific programme “Structuringthe European Research Area”.Across all of FP6, 3 888 applications were registered fromresearch teams in 51 African countries in response to thedifferent open calls for proposals leading to the funding ofa total of 873 participations in 319 projects.The present catalogue covers participation of Africanteams under the second route: Specific measures insupport of international cooperation (INCO). INCO focusedon mutually beneficial efforts and promoted equitableresearch partnerships between the Community and itsMember States on the one hand and the INCO targetcountries and other third countries on the other.For INCO-FP6, there were 2 365 applications from 49countries respectively, leading to 486 participations. Onehundred thirty one (131) projects involving teams from 33African countries, together with their peers from Europeand other regions, were successful and received funding.The African and European teams succeeded in a verycompetitive environment, where not all proposals meetingthe quality thresholds could be financially supportedbecause of funding limitations of the INCO Programme.The value of these collaborations is thus not just measuredin the financial contribution from the INCO Programme toAfrican teams. A significant part of the value lies in EU-Africanetworking, which also mobilised other societal groupsbeyond academia and the usefulness of the knowledgefor all parties involved and its contribution to overallsustainable development. More than EUR 94 million wasdirectly transferred to African teams, while total funding ofthe projects was significantly higher due to contributions toother teams and participants’ own resources.This catalogue is structured into seven sections in linewith the structure of the relevant parts of the INCO workprogramme. Within each section, projects are listed insequence of contract numbers. Each project sheet containsinformation about the project title, acronym, the coordinator(including contact details), duration, EC funding, thewebsite (where appropriate), a short project description andinformation about the partners involved. Indexes by country,sub-region and sector facilitate its use as a reference toolfor scientific cooperation between the EU and Africa.The implementation of Africa’s Science and TechnologyConsolidated Plan of Action (CPA) will make use, amongothers, of the research partnerships developed under thesuccessive international scientific cooperation programmes,but will also seize the additional opportunities arising fromthe 8th Partnership on Science, Information Technologyand Space which was agreed at the EU-Africa Summitin Lisbon, in December 2007, using a wide range ofimplementation mechanisms.1COM(2000)6, Towards a European Research Area 2 COM(2001)346, The internationaldimension of the ERA 3 Africa’s Science and Technology Consolidated Planof Action (CPA) was adopted by the Extra-Ordinary Conference of the African MinisterialCouncil on Science and Technology, in Cairo, Egypt, in November 2006.Introduction

Country / TerritoryLand area [km2]Population (2004)[‘000]Participation in INCO[applications/funded]Participation in other parts of FP6[applications/funded]*Life expect-ancy at birth(2005)Adult literacy rate© [15 years & older]Total gross enrolment ratio(primary, secondary & tertiary)2004 gross enrolment(female as % of male)2005 Ranking for humandevelopment indicator (out of 177)GDP per capita [US$] PPP2004 Total emission Mt CO22004 per capita emission t CO2Djibouti 23,200 804 1/0 2/0 53.9 - 25.3 75.3 149 2,178 0.4 0.5Egypt 1,001,449 72,850 286/56 182/35 70.7 71.4 76.9 - 112 4,337 158.1 2.3Republic ofEquatorial Guinea 28,051 484 2/0 1/0 50.4 87.0 58.1 81.7 127 7,874 5.4 10.5Eritrea 117,600 4,527 3/0 3/0 56.6 - 35.3 71.0 157 1,109 0.8 0.2Ethiopia 1,104,300 78,986 74/8 30/8 51.8 35.9 42.1 76.4 169 1,055 8.0 0.1Gabon 267,668 1,291 6/2 12/5 56.2 84.0 72.4 94.0 119 6,954 1.4 1.0Gambia 10,380 1,617 10/4 4/2 58.8 - 50.1 96.8 155 1,921 0.3 0.2Ghana 238,534 22,535 77/10 47/9 59.1 57.9 50.7 90.8 135 2,480 7.2 0.3Republicof Guinea 245,857 9,003 20/4 3/3 54.8 29.5 45.1 73.9 160 2,316 1.3 0.1Guinea Bissau 36,125 1,597 7/1 5/1 45.8 - 36.7 64.7 175 827 0.3 0.2Kenya 580,367 35,599 172/27 86/19 52.1 73.6 60.6 95.2 148 1,240 10.6 0.3Lesotho 30,355 1,981 4/0 42.6 82.2 66.0 102.8 138 3,335 - -Liberia 111,369 3,442 - - - - - - - - - -Libyan ArabJamahiriya 1,759,540 5,918 3/0 4/0 73.4 84.2 94.1 105.9 56 10,335 59.9 9.3Madagascar 587,041 18,643 8/2 4/0 58.4 70.7 59.7 95.4 143 923 2.7 0.1Malawi 118,484 13,226 37/5 4/2 46.3 64.1 63.1 97.9 164 667 1.0 0.1Mali 1,240,192 11,611 48/10 14/8 53.1 24.0 36.7 74.7 173 1,033 0.6 0.0Mauritania 1,030,700 2,963 11/0 5/2 63.2 51.2 45.6 95.8 137 2,234 2.6 0.8Mauritius 2,040 1,241 2/0 3/2 72.4 84.3 75.3 98.3 65 12,715 3.2 2.6Morocco 446,550 30,495 319/74 209/52 70.4 52.3 58.5 87.5 126 4,555 41.1 1.4

Land area [km2]Land area [km2]Population (2004)[‘000]Population (2004)[‘000]Participation in INCO[applications/funded]Participation in INCO[applications/funded]Participation in other parts of FP6[applications/funded]*Country / TerritoryAfrica is the second largest and second most-populous continent after Asia it represents about 6% of the Earth’s surface, 20% of the land area.It is recognised as the cradle of the human species and possiblyof mathematics, illustrated by the Ishango Bone dated 20 000 years back andfound near the source of the Nile.Mozambique 801,590 20,533 42/7 22/4 42.8 38.77 52.9 82.9 172 1,242 2.2 0.1Participation in other parts of FP6[applications/funded]*Life expect-ancy at birth(2005)Namibia 825,418 2,020 22/4 13/3 51.6 85.0 64.7 104.3 125 7,586 2.5 1.2Life expect-ancy at birth(2005)Niger 1,267,000 13,264 26/8 18/7 55.8 28.7 22.7 72.2 174 781 1.2 0.1Nigeria 923,768 141,356 30/0 18/4 46.5 69.1 56.2 83.4 158 1,128 114.0 0.9Country / TerritoryRwanda 26,798 9,234 3/0 2/1 45.2 64.9 50.9 99.1 161 1,206 0.6 0.1São ToméAlgeria e Príncipe 2,381,740 964 32,854 153 121/40 - 56/16 3/0 64.9 71.7 84.9 69.9 65.2 73.7 102.4 99.1 123 104 2,178 7,602 193.9 0.1 0.5 5.5Adult literacy rate© [15 years & older]Adult literacy rate© [15 years & older]Total gross enrolment ratio(primary, secondary & tertiary)Total gross enrolment ratio(primary, secondary & tertiary)2004 gross enrolment(female as % of male)2004 gross enrolment(female as % of male)2005 Ranking for humandevelopment indicator (out of 177)2005 Ranking for humandevelopment indicator (out of 177)GDP per capita [US$] PPPGDP per capita [US$] PPP2004 Total emission Mt CO22004 Total emission Mt CO22004 per capita emission t CO22004 per capita emission t CO2Angola Senegal 1,246,700 196,723 11,770 16,095 67/19 8/2 40/18 3/0 62.3 41.7 39.3 67.4 39.6 25.6 88.7 85.0 156 162 1,792 2,335 5.0 7.9 0.4 0.7Benin Seychelles 112,622 451 8,490 86 25/6 3/0 12/5 2/1 72.7 55.4 91.8 34.7 82.2 50.7 72.5 - 163 50 16,106 1,141 0.5 2.4 6.7 0.3Botswana Sierra Leone 581,726 71,740 1,836 - 32/6 3/0 15/2 5/0 41.8 48.1 34.8 81.2 44.6 69.5 101.6 72.6 177 124 12,387 806 1.0 4.3 0.2 2.4Burkina Somalia Faso 637,661 274,000 13,933 8,196 63/15 - 27/6 1/0 47.1 51.4 23.6 - 29.3 - 76.8 - 176 - 1,213 - 1.1 - 0.1-Burundi South Africa 1,221,037 27,830 47,939 7,859 164/36 4/0 384/99 - 50.8 48.5 82.4 59.3 77.0 37.9 101.0 82.8 121 167 11,110 699 436.8 0.2 9.8 0.0Cameroon Sudan 2,505,813 475,442 36,900 17,795 21/3 32/5 18/6 3/2 57.4 49.8 60.9 67.9 37.3 62.3 89.0 83.0 147 144 2,083 2,299 10.4 3.8 0.3Cape Swaziland Verde 17,364 4,033 1,125 507 10/0 1/0 14/0 9/4 40.9 71.0 79.6 81.2 59.8 66.4 93.7 99.7 141 102 4,824 5,803 1.0 0.3 0.8 0.7Central Tanzania AfricanRepublic945,087622,98438,4784,191109/211/020/8-51.043.769.448.650.429.894.964.61591717441,2244.30.30.10.1Togo 56,785 6,239 13/1 2/0 57.8 53.2 55.0 72.3 152 1,506 2.3 0.4Chad 1,284,000 10,146 6/1 1/0 50.4 25.7 37.5 59.8 170 1,247 0.1 0.0Tunisia 163,610 10,105 283/71 165/40 73.5 74.3 76.3 106.3 91 8,371 22.9 2.3Comoros 2,235 798 1/0 1/0 64.1 - 46.4 83.9 134 1,993 0.1 0.1Uganda 236,040 28,947 102/19 29/8 49.7 66.8 63.0 97.0 154 1,454 1.8 0.1Republic ofthe Zambia Congo 752,614 342,000 11,478 3,610 34/9 3/1 3/3 1/2 40.4 54.0 68.0 84.7 60.5 51.4 92.0 89.1 165 139 1,023 1,262 2.3 3.5 0.3 1.0Democratic Zimbabwe 390,757 13,120 27/5 15/1 40.9 89.4 52.4 95.4 151 2,038 10.6 0.8Republic of theCongo 2,344,858 58,741 19/4 3/1 45.8 67.2 33.7 72.6 168 714 2.1 0.0Côte d’Ivoire 322,460 18,585 - - 47.4 48.7 39.6 67.1 166 1,648 5.2 0.3* These projects are not included in this catalogue.

Developing Countries

A.DEVELOPING COUNTRIES1. Reproductive health2. Health care systems, policy and management3. Knowledge and technologies to improve control of neglectedcommunicable diseases

Developing Countries

Promoting infant health and nutrition in Sub-Saharan Africa:Safety and efficacy of exclusive breastfeeding promotion in the era of HIVPeriod: 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2007Budget from EC: EUR 1 340 000Coordinator: Prof Thorkild TylleskärUniversity of BergenOne of the goals of the Millennium development is toglobally reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate of childrenunder five years of age. Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding(EBF) is the most effective child health interventioncurrently feasible for implementation at population level inlow-income countries. It can lower infant mortality by 13%, and by an additional 2 % were it not for the fact thatbreastfeeding transmits HIV. The objective of this study is tolead the way in the promotion of child health by developing,implementing and assessing the health impact of anintervention promoting exclusive breastfeeding in Africansettings where a high prevalence of HIV is a barrier. Moreprecisely, the principal objective is to assess the following ina community-randomised trial: exclusive breastfeeding rates at three months of age; diarrhoeal disease point prevalence at three months),growth (up to six months of age), and micronutrientstatus.In this way, the EU is contributing to the productionof knowledge on how to reach one of the Millenniumdevelopment goals. This study will provide the first datafrom a randomised trial on the safety and efficacy of peercounselling as a way of increasing the rate of exclusivebreastfeeding in an African context. The range of fourcountries included will enhance generalisability of thesefindings. Measuring the impact of this intervention oninfant morbidity, growth, and micronutrient status as wellas the costs, efficacy and implications for the health caresystem of implementing such an intervention will play a keyrole in the research.In one package, it will provide all the information policymakersneed and if the outcome is positive, hopefully leadto more rapid replication. Since peer counsellors are bydefinition local women, this project presents a very low-costintervention suitable to resource-poor environments.The PROMISE COMPONENT 2 research consortium consistsof three European partners: the University of Bergen,Norway; the University of Montpellier, France; the Universityof Uppsala, Sweden; and four African partners: Centre Muraz,Burkina Faso; Makerere University, Uganda; Universityof Zambia and the University of Western Cape, SouthAfrica. The PROMISE COMPONENT 2 EBF is a communityrandomisedtrial of the impact on EBF promotion throughpeer counselling and in turn the impact of this change oninfant morbidity, growth, and micronutrient status. It uses apeer counselling approach, randomised at community level,combined with the production of information that mayin the longer run help overcome other constraints to EBF,such as fear that it may lead to micronutrient deficiencies,concern about cost implications, or anxiety about burdensto the health care system of implementing the interventionon a large scale.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf Thorkild TylleskärUniversity of BergenCentre for International HealthArmauer Hansen Bd5021 BergenNorwayE-mail: Thorkild.Tylleskar@cih.uib.noTel. (47-55) 97 49 80Fax (47-55) 97 49 79CONTRACTORSProf Philippe van de PerreUniversity of MontpellierUMR 145Laboratory of bacteriology-virologyUniversity Hospital Montpellier,CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve,371 avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud34295 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: p-van_de_perre@chu-montpellier.frTel. (33) 467 33 58 84Associate Prof Lotta EkströmUppsala UniversityWomen’s and Children’s HealthInternational Maternal and Child HealthUppsala University Hospital751 85 UppsalaSwedenE-mail: lotta.ekstrom@kbh.uu.seTel: (46-18) 611 59 98Fax. (46-18) 50 80 13Dr Nicolas MedaCentre MurazBobo-DioulassoBurkina FasoE-mail: nmeda.muraz@fasonet.bfTel. (226-20) 97 26 30Prof James TumwineMakerere UniversityFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Paediatrics and Child HealthP.O. Box 7072KampalaUgandaE-mail: jtumwine@imul.comTel: (256-772) 49 41 20Dr Chipepo KankasaUniversity of ZambiaSchool of MedicineDepartment of Paediatrics and Child HealthZambiaE-mail: ckankasa@zamnet.zmTel: (260-1) 25 26 62Dr Mickey ChopraUniversity of Western CapeFaculty of Community and Health SciencesSchool of Public HealthPrivate Bag X17Bellville 7535, Cape TownSouth AfricaE-mail: mchopra@uwc.ac.zaTel: (27-83) 412 45 27Developing Countries

Simplified and rapid molecular assays for diagnosis of Leishmaniasisand Human African Trypanosomiasis and parasite (sub-) species identificationPeriod: 01/11/2005 to 31/10/2008Budget from EC: EUR 2 390 000website: www.tryleidiag.orgHuman African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness,currently affects 500 000 people in sub-Saharan Africa.Visceral, cutaneous, and mucocutaneous leishmaniases(LEI) threaten 350 million people, with 12 million infectedpersons in Latin America, Asia, Europe, and Africa. In theabsence of prophylaxis or vaccination, control of bothdiseases is based on diagnosis and treatment of patients.Due to limited specificity of serological tests and toxicityof the drugs, treatment is started after confirmation ofthe parasite presence in blood, lymph node fluid, or bonemarrow in seropositive persons. Since parasitaemia can beextremely low, quite a number of infected persons remainuntreated and constitute a non-controlled human reservoirnext to the animal reservoir from which the parasites canalways return into the human population.Recent innovations in molecular diagnosis have openedperspectives for robust and rapid point-of-care moleculartests as a real alternative for parasitological diagnosis inleishmaniases and sleeping sickness, together with thepotential of differentiating species and subspecies in one test.The objectives of the project are: for molecular diagnosis of both diseases based onribosomal RNA detection; and strain differentiation; on the biology and diagnosis of these diseases.Coordinator: Prof Philippe BuscherPrince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine of-principle delivery (phase I); that pass the proof-of-principle on a defined collectionof patient samples (phase II); population without prior knowledge of subject status(phase III).The project is expected to provide the following results: parasite detection with greatly increased sensitivity andspecificity to the benefit of the target population; community in developing and European countries; and unequivocal (sub-)species identification; African researchers and institutes; European laboratories; within the project consortium; international disease control agencies; The project team will combine several innovative techniquesto provide solutions for the above identified needs indiagnosis and (sub-)species identification. Activities willcomprise: Trypanosoma parasites; samples;Health and public health

COORDINATORProf Philippe BuscherPrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicineDepartment of ParasitologyNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpenBelgiumE-mail: pbuscher@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 63 71Fax (32-3) 247 63 73CONTRACTORSDr Thierry LeclipteuxCoris LeclipteuxCoris BioconceptCrealys Park, Rue Jean Sonet 4A5032 GemblouxBelgiumE-mail: th.leclipteux@corisbio.comTel. (32-81) 71 99 11Fax (32-81) 71 99 19Prof Sayda Hassan El-SafiUniversity of KhartoumDepartment of Microbiology and Parasitology,Faculty of MedicineGasr StreetKhartoumSudanE-mail: syda_h@hotmail.comTel. (249-1) 83 77 50 72Fax (249-1) 83 78 78 16Dr Henk SchalligKoninklijk Instituut voor de TropenBiomedical Research/Parasitology UnitMauritskade 631090 ADNetherlandsE-mail: h.schallig@kit.nlTel. (31-20) 566 64 47Fax (31-20) 69718 41Prof Peter E. NielsenUniversity of CopenhagenFaculty of Health SciencesDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and GeneticsBlegdamsvej 32200 CopenhagenDenmarkE-mail: pen@imbg.ku.dkTel. (45) 35 32 77 62Fax (45) 35 39 60 42Prof Jean-Jacques Muyembe-TamfumInstitut national de recherche biomédicaleAvenue de la DémocratieKinshasa-GombeDemocratic Republic of the CongoE-mail: jjmuyembe@yahoo.frTel. (243) 894 92 89Dr Jerome WeinbachInserm-Transfert SA101, rue de Tolbiac75654 ParisFranceE-mail: jerome.weinbach@tolbiac.inserm.frTel. (33) 144 23 67 33Fax (33) 144 23 67 45Prof Georg William LubegaMakerere UniversityVeterinary Parasitology and Micorbiology,Molecular Biology LaboratoryMakerere Hill RoadKampalaUgandaE-mail: glubega@vetmed.mak.ac.ugTel. (256) 41 53 30 02Fax (256) 41 53 43 36Dr Monique WasunnaKenya Medical Research InstituteCentre for Clinical ResearchMbagathi Road00200 NairobiKenyaE-mail: mwasunna@nairobi.mimcom.netTel. (254) 202 72 25 41Fax (254) 202 72 00 30Developing Countries

Buruli ulcer: multidisciplinary research for improvement of control in AfricaPeriod: 01/12/2005 to 30/11/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 590 000Coordinator: Prof Bernhard FleischerBernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineBuruli ulcer (BU), a disease caused by Mycobacteriumulcerans, is a neglected disease of the poor in remote, ruralareas. BU is the third most common mycobacterial diseaseafter tuberculosis and leprosy. It is most endemic in WestAfrica with incidences as high as 280/100 000, but casesoccur around the globe.Currently, BU is treated by surgery there are no establishedprotocols for treatment with antibiotics. This is neitheraffordable nor sustainable in endemic regions, and it is poorlyaccepted among people in endemic areas. Though mortalityof the disease is low, morbidity and subsequent disability arevery high, with up to half of those treated being left withdisabilities that have long-term social and economic impacts.New molecular tools are needed to explore epidemiologyand transmission, and improve diagnostics and treatment.This project is a multidisciplinary treatise that aims at thedevelopment of new tools and knowledge. The overallobjective is the improvement of BU control in Africa. Thiswill be achieved by: diagnostics, treatment, and psycho-social attitudes; and regional control programmes. in M. ulcerans. areas. case finding, laboratory diagnosis of BU suspects, andepidemiological surveys. can be obtained by anti-mycobacterial treatment alonein early, limited lesions of BU. and surgical treatment in larger BU lesions. T cells. be reduced by early case finding, improved treatmentmodalities, and appropriate, targeted, and culturallysuitable public health campaigns in endemic regions.BURULICO will also contribute to the optimisation ofnational control programmes in affected countries. It isexpected that the improvement of intervention strategiesaimed at in this project will subsequently lower treatmentcosts, allow wider access to treatment, and thereforecontribute to social equity.The following activities are foreseen via close networking ofpartners with different expertises: relationship to transmission; establishing guidelines; for therapy both with drugs and by surgery; understanding of the immune defence against M.ulcerans and to find possible correlates to prognosis; BU and its consequences for compliance with old andnew therapies.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf Bernhard FleischerBernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical MedicineBernhard-Nocht-Straße 7420359 HamburgGermanyE-mail: bni@bni-hamburg.deTel. (49-40) 42 81 84 01Fax (49-40) 42 81 84 00CONTRACTORSProf Françoise PortaelsInstitut voor Tropische GeneeskundeNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpBelgiumE-mail: portaels@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 63 17Fax (32-3) 247 63 33Dr R. Christian JohnsonNational Buruli Ulcer Programme (PNLUB)06 B.P. 3029CotonouBeninE-mail: rochjohnson@yahoo.frTel. (22-9) 21 37 46 49Fax (22-9) 21 37 46 49Dr Phanzu MavingaInstitut médical évangélique de KimpeseMatadi Road, B.P. 68KimpeseDemocratic Republic of the CongoE-mail:dmavingaphanzu@yahoo.frTel. (24-3) 815 17 80 71Prof Ohene AdjeiKwame Nkrumah UniversitySchool of MedicineMicrobiologyUniversity CampusKumasiGhanaE-mail: oadjei@africaonline.com.ghTel. (233-51) 605 11Fax (233-51) 605 11Prof Tjip van der WerfGroningen University Medical CenterMedicineHanzeplein 19700 RB GroningenNetherlandsE-mail: t.s.van.der.werf@int.umcg.nlTel. (31-50) 361 61 61Fax (31-50) 361 93 20Dr Gisela BretzelLudwig Maximilians UniversityDepartment of Infectious Diseases & TropicalMedicineLeopoldstraße 580539 MunichGermanyE-mail: bretzel@lrz.uni-muenchen.deTel. (49-89) 21 80 36 18Fax (49-89) 33 61 12Developing Countries

Support for clinical trial capacity platform for sleeping sickness in AfricaPeriod: 01/09/2006 – 31/08/2008Budget from EC: EUR 340,000Coordinator: Dr Bernard PecoulDrugs and Neglected Diseases InitiativeHuman African trypanosomiasis (HAT), known as sleepingsickness, is fatal if left untreated and a most neglecteddisease in Africa. An estimated 350,000 people are infectedin 36 countries, the majority living in Angola, DRC, Uganda,Sudan and RoC. New diagnostics and treatments areurgently needed. Diagnostics require invasive methods andlack sensitivity and specificity. Drugs in use are old, toxic,losing efficacy, and require prolonged therapies.For over forty years, negligible clinical research has beendone for new HAT treatments; thus, clinical researchinfrastructure and professional capacity in disease endemiccountries is extremely limited. With new treatments in thepipeline, constraints in clinical evaluation and registrationof new interventions for HAT must be urgently addressed.In August 2005, Drugs and Neglected Diseases Initiative(DNDi) sponsored a regional workshop on HAT ClinicalTrial Capacity that brought together endemic country HATdisease specialists and European clinical research anddisease experts.The activities included addressing: throughout the region; Implementation has been through north-south and southsouthexchange of expertise and best practice, specifictraining and workshops, and concurrent participation inclinical studies. Support to this project has contributed toenabling the disease endemic countries to conduct qualitymulticenter scale clinical trials in a timely manner with theultimate aim of getting improved treatments registered andto patients as soon as possible.This initial meeting resulted in the formation of a regionalgroup of people and institutions, who will work together todetermine and implement a strategy to create sustainableregional and national clinical trial capacity for HAT. Thepresent specific support action provides help for the primaryactivities of this group.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Bernard PecoulDrugs and Neglected Diseases InitiativeP.O. Box, 1 Place St. GervaisGenevaSwitzerlandFax + 41-229 06 92 31CONTRACTORSDr Christian BurriSwiss Tropical InstitutePharmaceutical Medicine UnitSocinstrasse 57BaselSwitzerlandFax+41-612 25 26 78Dr Victor KandeProgramme National de Lutte contrela Trypanosomiase Humaine AfricaineAvenue de Justice 123AKinshasa-GombeDemocratic Republic of the CongoE-mail: bctrd@ic.cdDr Miguel KiasekokaInstituto de Combate e Controlodas Tripanosomiases168 rua Cmdt. KuenhaLuandaAngolaFax +244-222 37 11 36Dr Nicolas MbongoProgramme National de Luttecontre la TrypanosomiaseLaboratoire National de Santé PubliqueBrazzavilleCongoDr FreddieKansiimeCoordination Office for theControl of Trypanosomiasis in UgandaBuganda Road Plot 76-78 WandegeyaKampalaUgandaTel +256-77 52 88 84Dr Elrayah IntisarNational Research CenterDepartment of Vectors and Biomedical StudiesMinistry of Science and TechnologyKhartoumSudanDeveloping Countries

Solar disinfection as an appropriate Household Water Treatment and Storage (HWTS)intervention against childhood diarrhoeal disease in developing countries or emergency situationsPeriod: 01/09/2006 to 31/08/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 900 000Coordinator: Dr Kevin McGuiganThe Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandBetween 2000 and 2003, around 769 000 children underfive years of age died annually from diarrhoeal diseases inSub-Saharan Africa. Solar Disinfection (SODIS) is a techniquefor making contaminated drinking water safe. Transparentbottles are filled with biologically contaminated water andplaced in direct sunlight for six hours. SODIS reduces faecalcontamination levels from 1 million bacteria per ml to zeroin less than 1.5 hours and is completely effective againstthe pathogens responsible for cholera, dysentery, typhoid,giardiasis, salmonella, gastroenteritis, and polio.The strategic objectives of the SODISWATER project are to: appropriate, effective, and acceptable interventionagainst waterborne disease for vulnerable communitiesin developing countries without reliable access to safewater; change strategies in areas with different social andcultural conditions for sustainable adoption of solarwater disinfection; international aid and emergency relief communities sothat SODIS is adopted as one of a range of standard,appropriate water quality interventions (for example,filtration, chlorination, desalination, etc.) for use in theimmediate aftermath of natural disasters such as tsunami,flood, earthquake, hurricane/typhoon or man-madedisasters such as war-zone, famine and refugee camps); technological innovations that can be matched tovarying socio-economic conditions; such technologicalinnovations would include UV dosimetric indicators ofdisinfection, photocatalytic inactivation, and continuousflow compound parabolic collector arrays for smallcommunity distribution systems.The research activities will be divided into four specific areas: the overall objective of this work package (WP) isto implement appropriately designed health impactassessments to assess the change in health reasonablyattributed to the provision of solar disinfected drinkingwater, at the point of use, in three African countries(Kenya, South Africa, and Zimbabwe). to determine whether important waterborne and/ordiarrhoeal pathogens are susceptible to SODIS. Previouswork has clearly demonstrated that a wide variety ofviral and bacterial pathogens can be inactivated withbatch SODIS; however, there still remains a considerablenumber of important waterborne microbes which are,as yet, untested. batch systems for solar disinfection include simplicity andcost (small, clear container exposed to sunlight), but theirlimited capacity and reliance on individual compliance aresignificant disadvantages which could hinder widespreaduptake. One of the aims of SODISWATER is to determinethe capability and effectiveness of using enhanced solarcollection technologies (Compound Parabolic Collector[CPC] photo-reactors, photocatalytic coatings) to disinfectcommunity water supplies in developing countries. Inaddition low-cost effective indicators of disinfection willbe investigated. technology is not sufficient to get people to use it, evenif it is cheap and promising like SODIS. Several factorscan play a role in the non-adoption of a technology,including the following: an unreliable source ofinformation, time and money restrictions, beliefs, habits,or social considerations. To adopt a new technology,people first have to be informed about it and thenchange certain aspects of their behaviour to integratethis technology into their daily life. Diffusion strategieshave to be introduced to bring the information tothe people. Behavioural change strategies haveto be applied to change behaviour. In the case ofSODIS, the ones who will apply these strategies areHealth and public health

international aid and emergency relief organisations.Therefore the WP ‘Adoption and dissemination’ hasto investigate possible diffusion and behaviouralchange strategies for the adoption of SODIS anddisseminate the knowledge about this technology torelevant organisations.Results are expected in four different areas: programmes: details on how field trials will be conducted; on health determinants/health outcomes; the SODIS method. waterborne pathogens; for SODIS treatment of bacterial waterbornepathogens; waterborne pathogens; efficiency. reactor with add-on CPC; photocatalytic SODIS reactor with add-on CPC; batch SODIS; for deployment in developing countries; disinfection practices; change strategies from the data of a standardisedsurvey; evaluation of campaign success; factors; distribution to target communities/aid agencies/governmental departments; the end of the project to highlight/disseminateresults; international publications and at internationalconferences.Developing Countries

COORDINATORDr Kevin G McGuiganThe Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandMedical FacultyPhysiology & Medical Physics123 St. Stephens GreenDublin 2IrelandE-mail: kmcguigan@rcsi.ieTel. (353-1) 402 21 35Fax (353-1) 402 21 68CONTRACTORSDr J Anthony ByrneUniversity of Ulster at JordanstownNanotechnology Research InstituteShore RoadNewtownabbey BT37 0QBUnited KingdomE-mail: J.Byrne@ulster.ac.ukTel. (44-28) 90 36 89 41Fax (44-28) 70 36 82 29Martella du PreezCouncil for Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)Environmentek Blg. 21P.O. Box 3950001 PretoriaSouth AfricaE-mail: mdupreez@csir.ca.zaTel. (27-12) 841 39 50Fax (27-12) 841 39 50Prof Hans-Joachim MoslerEidgenössische Anstalt für Wasserversorgung,Abwasserreinigung und Gewässerschutz(EAWAG)Integrated Assessment and Modelling (SIAM)System AnalysisÜberlandstrasse 1338600 DübendorfSwitzerlandE-mail: mosler@eawag.chTel. (41-1) 823 55 42Fax (41-1) 823 53 75Dr Rudo A. SanyangaInstitute of Water and Sanitation Development(IWSD)Research Management7 Maasdorp Avenue, Alexandra Park, P. O. BoxMP422Mount Pleasant, HarareZimbabweE-mail: rsanyanga@iwsd.co.zwTel. (263-4) 25 05 22Fax (263-4) 73 81 20Dr Pilar Fernández IbáñezCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas,Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)Plataforma Solar de AlmeríaPhotocatalysisP.O. Box: 22, Code: 04200 Carretera Senes km 4Tabernas (Almería)SpainE-mail: pilar.fernandez@psa.esTel. (34-950) 38 79 57Fax (34-950) 36 50 15Dr Simon KilvingtonUniversity of Leicester (UL)School of MedicineDepartment of Infection,Immunity & InflammationP.O. Box 138Leicester LE1 9HNUnited KingdomE-mail: sk46@le.ac.ukTel. (44-116) 252 29 50Fax (44-116) 252 50 30Dr Michael Elmore-MeeganInternational Community forthe Relief of Suffering and Starvation (ICROSS)International ResearchP.O. Box 507Ngong HillsKenyaE-mail: mike@icross.ieTel. (254) 725 76 15 27Fax (254) 45 40 01 89Dr Elvira Ares MazásUniversidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)Facultad de FarmaciaDepartamento de Microbiología y ParasitologíaAvenida de Vigo15705 Santiago de Compostela (La Coruña)SpainE-mail: mpeares@usc.esTel. (34) 981 56 31 00 ext. 14890Fax (34) 981 59 33 16Health and public health

Developing Countries

Tsetse flies and the control of African sleeping sicknessPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2010Budget from EC: EUR 2 500 000Coordinator: Prof M.J. LehaneLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineAfrican sleeping sickness is endemic to 37 sub-SaharanAfrican countries, covering 9 million km2, with 60 millionof the 400 million inhabitants living in the region, at riskfor the disease. Africa is in the middle of a sleeping sicknessepidemic and the World Health Organization (WHO)estimates that in 2004 there were around 500 000 cases,with 48 000 deaths and an impact of 1 590 000 disabilityadjustedlife years (DALYs).The objective of this project is to solve the major technicalproblems associated with regional control of the vectors ofsleeping sickness by doing the following: targets against palpalis group flies — the major vectorsof African sleeping sickness; epidemiological significance, and mobility of palpalisgroup populations to be defined, thus enabling controlactivities.The importance of sleeping sickness as a major societalproblem in sub-Saharan Africa has long been recognised byall agencies involved in international health. A major politicaladvance occurred recently when the Africa Union clearlyrecognised that trypanosomiasis control is of the highestimportance for African development, and their initiative hasbeen endorsed by the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and theWorld Health Assembly. Consequently, it is believed thatthe work programme proposed will have a major strategicimpact, as it directly addresses major problems identified bythe African Union, the WHO, and other agencies involvedin international health, as well the European Communityitself, through this International Cooperation proposal. Thework will contribute by providing tools and techniques ofimmediate use to field control operations.Environmentally acceptable targets and traps will be a keytechnology in the regional eradication of vector insects. TheAfrican and European partners in this application wish todramatically improve the efficiency of this process. To thisend, in Africa and Europe they will develop novel attractantsfor use with traps/targets designed for use against palpalisgroup flies, currently the major vectors of human disease.Secondly, regional control of the flies depends heavily onunderstanding the structures and mobility of the vectorpopulations so that epidemiologically important, isolatedpopulations can be identified. Current techniques cannotresolve these issues; consequently, working closely as apartnership, the project team will develop new molecularand morphometric technologies in Africa and Europe forthis purpose. The TFCASS project has assembled a uniquegroup of African and European scientists who are motivatedand excellently placed to achieve these goals, through afully integrated research programme.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf M.J. LehaneLiverpool School of Tropical MedicineVector GroupPembroke PlaceLiverpool L3 5QAUnited KingdomE-mail: m.j.lehane@liv.ac.ukTel. (44-151) 705 33 16Fax (44-151) 705 33 69CONTRACTORSDr Issa SidibeCentre international de recherchedéveloppementsur l’élevage en zone subhumide(CIRDES)Unité de recherche sur les bases biologiques dela lutte intégrée (URBIO)No 559, rue 5-31 angle avenue GouverneurLouveau, 01 B.P. 454Bobo-Dioulasso 01Burkina FasoE-mail: sambo@fasonet.bfTel. (226-20) 97 20 53Fax (226-20) 07 23 20Dr Mamadou CamaraMinistère de la santé publique,République de GuinéeDivision PréventionConakryGuineaTel. (226) 20 97 20 53Fax (226) 20 97 23 20Dr Jan Van Den AbbeelePrins Leopold Institut voor Tropische GeneeskuneParasitology/Unit EntomologyNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpBelgiumTel. (32-3) 247 63 11Fax (32-3) 247 63 59Dr Alan RobinsonIAEAEntomology UnitP.O. Box 100, Wagramer Straße 51400 ViennaAustriaTel. (43-1) 260 02 84 02Fax (43-1) 260 02 82 22Dr Philippe SolanoInstitut de recherche pour le développement(IRD)UR 177 LRCT213, rue La Fayette75480 Paris Cedex 5FranceTel. (33) 467 59 38 35Fax (33) 467 59 39 19Dr Dramane KabaInstitut Pierre RichetGlossina and HAT Research UnitP.O. Box V47, Adjame-INSPAbidjanCôte d’IvoireTel. (225) 05 52 44 64Fax (225) 21 35 40 15Dr Loyce OkediLivestock Health Research InstituteP.O. Box 96TororoUgandaTel. (256) 77 49 23 72Fax (256) 77 49 23 68Dr Ahmed Ahmed HassanaliInternational Centre ofInsect Physiology and EcologyBehavioural and Chemical EcologyKasarani, Thika Road, P.O. Box 30772-00100NairobiKenyaTel. (254) 286 11 74/80 25 01Fax (254) 286 01 10Dr John PickettRothamsted Research LimitedBiological Chemistry DivisionWest CommonHarpenden AL5 2JQUnited KingdomTel. (44-1582) 76 31 33Fax (44-1582) 76 09 81Developing Countries

Effects of Antiretrovirals for HIV on African health systems, Maternal and Child health (ARVMAC)Period: 01/11/2006 to 31/10/2010Budget from EC: EUR 2 400 000website: http://www.arvmac.euCoordinator: Dr Anna Mia EkströmKarolinska InstitutetIncreasing access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) inresource-poor settings is an obvious emergency measure,but the scaling up of ART poses serious challenges to theoverall functioning of the health system. The system’sanswer to these challenges may jeopardise or strengthenits response to other health priorities and will affect thefeasibility of MDG 4 and 5 in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). HIVis inherently linked to child survival, gender inequities andreproductive health. It increases infant and child mortalityby up to 40 %. Women are 4 to 25 times more vulnerable toHIV transmission — on average, they are 10 years youngerthan men when infected — and make up the majority ofpeople living with HIV in SSA.Donor investment in vertical ART programmes enables thecurrent health budget to be doubled in some SSA countries;accordingly, access is no longer constrained by drug costs.Low absorption capacity and lack of infrastructure andhuman resources are the major challenges to implementingthe WHO ‘3 by 5’. Using Tanzania as an example, aredistribution of 35 % to 70 % of the health system’sworkforce is required, in order to increase the number ofthose on ART, from 8 000 to 220 000 in 2005. The lack ofintegration of ART with antenatal care limits the preventionof mother-to-child transmission.Pooling of staff to ART undermines the quality of basic care(ANC, IMCI) and reduces access to second-level care (e.g.Caesarean sections), thus running the risk of increasing childand maternal mortality. Solutions need to be sought on howto: absorb ART funds; prioritise the different types of care;and correctly distribute, monitor and sustain ART in fragilehealth systems with weak resource allocation capacity,without harming the most vulnerable. The project partnerswill study health policy, the consequences of ART scale-up inpopulation-based settings on health services, maternal andchild health with existing infrastructures for registrationof vital events and diseases, as well as three demographicsurveillance sites in three different SSA countries, usingboth quantitative and qualitative research methods.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Anna Mia EkströmKarolinska InstutetDepartment of Public Health Sciences,Division of International HealthNobels väg 5171 77 StockholmSwedenE-mail: anna.mia.ekstrom@phs.ki.seTel. (46-8) 51 77 07 18Fax (46-8) 31 15 90CONTRACTORSDr George William PariyoMakere University Institute of Public HealthDepartment of Health PolicyPlanning and ManagementMulago Complex 7072KampalaUgandaE-mail: gpariyo@iph.ac.ugTel. (256-41) 53 02 91Fax (256-41) 54 06 33Dr Don de SavignySwiss Tropical InstitutePublic Health and EpidemiologySocinstrasse 574002 BaselSwitzerlandE-mail: d.desavigny@univas.chTel. (41-61) 284 81 60Fax (41-61) 284 81 05Mr Honorati Michael MasanjaIfakara Health Researchand Development Centre IHRDCMikocheni office, Kiko Road, 78373Dar es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: honorati.masanja@unibas.chTel. (255-22) 277 47 56Fax (255-22) 277 17 14Prof Wim Van DammeInstitute of Tropical MedicineDepartment of Public HealthNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpenBelgiumE-mail: wvdamme@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 64 78Fax (32-3) 247 62 58Dr Jean GanaméCentre de Recherche en Santé de NounaCRSNNounaBurkina FasoE-mail: ganamej@yahoo.frTel. (226-20) 53 70 55Fax (226-20) 53 70 55Dr Malabika SarkerUniversity of HeidelbergHygiene InstituteDepartment of Tropical Hygieneand Public HealthINF 32469120 HeidelbergGermanyE-mail: malabika.sarker@urz.uni-heidelberg.deTel. (49-6221) 56 53 35Fax (49-6221) 56 50 39Developing Countries

The support collaboration: supporting policy relevant reviews and trailsPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 199 998Coordinator: Dr Andy OxmanNasjonalt Kunnskapssenter for HelsetjenestenPolicymakers may not want to ignore research evidencewhen making policy, but they often do. The goal of theSupport project is to make this phenomenon less likelyfor policy related to maternal and child health in low andmiddle income countries (LMIC), by improving access to anduse of relevant and reliable research evidence.Support will produce highly-focused, quality-assessed,and policy-relevant summaries of research evidence in thefield of maternal and child health for LMIC policymakersand researchers. Secondly, the project will increase theability of LMIC researchers to provide, and policymakers toaccess, reliable evidence by developing and disseminatinga range of tools and workshops to a wide audience inLMIC. Software will be developed to support the day-todayconduct and management of trials, to make it easier forLMIC researchers to address knowledge gaps. The projectwill help align the priorities of policymakers and researchers,and promote more evidence-informed policies and the moreeffective use of research resources.Support will produce overviews of what is known abouteffective interventions in maternal and childcare and healthservices, and develop a software tool to foster the conductand management of pragmatic randomised controlled trials,which will help trialists resolve practical issues regardingthe day-to-day management of a trial. The project will run aseries of workshops and other knowledge transfer activitiesfor policymakers, funders, trialists and authors of systematicreviews. Through these results and outcomes, Support willimprove healthcare delivery and health systems in LMIC byincreasing the proportion of care that can be regarded asbest practice, and the extent to which health care policiesare based on rigorous evidence of intervention effectiveness.Aims and outputs of the project will support and promoteEuropean values, such as solidarity, while also directlysupporting EU development policies, such as the reductionof poverty, sustainability, good governance, and long-termeconomic growth.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Andy OxmanNasjonalt Kunnskapssenter for HelsetjenestenSt. Olavs plass, PO box 70040130 OsloNorwayE-mail: oxman@online.noTel. (47) 48 25 49 24Fax (47) 23 25 50 30CONTRACTORSDr Edgardo AbalosCentro Rosarino De Estudios PerinatalesPueyrredon 9852000 RosarioArgentinaE-mail: edgardoabalos@crep.com.arTel. (54-341) 447 26 25Fax (54-341) 448 38 87Prof Jimmy VolminkSouth African Medical Research CouncilSouth African Cochrane CentreFrancie van Zilj Drive, Parow Valley7505 TygerbergSouth AfricaE-mail: jvolmink@sun.ac.zaTel. (27-21) 938 04 38Fax (27-21) 938 08 36Prof Julie CliffUniversity of Eduardo MondlaneFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Community HealthCP 257MaputoMozambiqueE-mail: julie.cliff@gmail.comTel. (258-1) 32 10 72Fax (258-1) 32 52 55Prof Godfrey WoelkUniversity of ZimbabweDepartment of Community MedicineP. O. Box A178HarareZimbabweE-mail: gwoelk@gmail.comTel. (263-4) 79 16 31Fax (263-4) 72 51 66Dr Eduardo BergelInstituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria,Asociación CivilDepartment of Mother & Child ResearchViamonte 2146 3rd PisoC1056ABH Buenos AiresArgentinaE-mail: bergal@allstat.orgTel. (54-11) 49 53 40 58Fax (54-11) 49 53 40 58Dr Rodrigo SalinasUniversidad de ChileFacultad de MedicinaAv libertador Bernardo Higgins 1058SantiagoChileE-mail: rsalinas@minsal.gov.clTel. (56-2) 630 05 00Fax (56-2) 638 35 62Dr Juan Manuel LozanoJaveriana UniversitySchool of MedicineClinical Epidemiology UnitCr 7 # 40-62, Floor 2Bogota DCColombiaE-mail: jmlozano@javeriana.edu.coTel. (57-1) 320 83 20 - 27 99Fax (57-1) 285 69 81Dr Jacek MrukowiczFundacja Polski Instytut Evidence Based MedicineDepartment of CPGKrakowska 4131-066 KrakowPolandE-mail: jacekm@mp.plTel. (48-12) 293 41 71Fax (48-12) 293 40 65Prof Marion CampbellThe University Court of the University ofAberdeenHealth Services Research UnitPolworth Building, ForesterhillAB25 2ZD AberdeenUnited KingdomE-mail: m.k.campbell@abdn.ac.ukTel. (44-1224) 55 44 80Fax (44-1224) 55 45 80Developing Countries

Development of rapid field diagnostics for identification, controland management of haemorrhagic fever outbreaksPeriod: 01/12/2006 to 30/11/2009Budget from EC: EUR 853 000website: www.vhf-diagnostics.eu/The control of Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) outbreaksdepends critically on early detection and an early alert, soas to allow, define, and deliver an appropriate response.In order to improve this process, adequate tools need tobe developed to enable early detection in the basic (field)conditions of local hospitals. Once the outbreak is identified,case management also needs on-site tools such as viralgenome detection to contain the spread of the outbreak, bycarefully identifying and monitoring viraemic patients ableto transmit the virus. The general objective of the presentproject is to make adequate tools available, so as to identifyVHF outbreaks on-site at an early stage, and to support andcomplement the control of an outbreak.To reach this general objective, the project team will developthe following: line assays (LA) for antibody detection, as aneasy to use frontline detection assay for healthcare workersin local hospitals; and fluorescent reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (F-RT-PCR) assays to be used byspecialised mobile outbreak investigation teams, that can beapplied at the scene of the outbreak. Both assays will coverthe following viruses: the Ebola virus (EBOV), Marburg virus(MRGV), Crimean-Congo virus (CCHFV) Lassa virus (LASV),Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV), Yellow Fever virus (YFV) andDengue virus 1-4 (DENV). The F-RT-PCR will additionallycover the most important viral differentials, Influenza Avirus (FLUAV) and Influenza B virus (FLUBV).Coordinator: Dr Manfred WeidmannBereich Humanmedizin derGeorg-August-Universität Göttingensensitivity of each assay, RNA-standards will be generatedfor each aetiological agent derived from sections of therespective genomes. The specificity of the assays willbe evaluated with recent isolates of each aetiologicalagent and patient and/or rodent sample provided by thecollaborating laboratories. The extraction of nucleic acidsfrom blood samples will be adapted to field conditions. Thedevelopment of lyophilised ready-to-use PCR mixes for eachaetiological agent, will allow field PCR without the need forrefrigeration facilities.In the case of LA, the production of the envisioned line assayis expected, and its applicability tested in local hospitals inMali and Guinea. It is hoped that it will be proved that aneasy-to-use frontline test is indeed a tool able to reducealert time in the case of an outbreak. Furthermore, detectingeither a YFV, RVFV, or LASV outbreak during the evaluationperiod, would be a positive outcome.For the F-RT-PCR, the development of an integrated toolboxfor mobile outbreak investigation teams, which will enablethem to perform initial differential diagnostics and followupon patients during the containment of the outbreak,is anticipated. This will consist of a field-evaluated setof lyophilised PCR mixes for VHFV, plus FluA and B virusdetection, in combination with a field-evaluated simpleextraction protocol. If successful, it may be possible toproduce the LA assay for the African market.In order to develop LA, purified recombinant proteins willbe expressed in the in vitro RTS-500 system (Roche), andsprayed onto immunoblot strips in the manner of a barcode.The LA will be designed for VHF circulating in Africa.Validation of the LA will be achieved by using available serain the laboratory consortium, which will be centralised in arepository for VHF diagnostics development.Existing F-RT-PCRs will be validated for field use (EBOV,MBGV 12, CCHFV 13, RVFV 14, DENV 15, FLUAV, FLUBV16).Additionally, F-RT-PCRs not yet described for LASV and YFVwill be designed and validated for field use. To assess theHealth and public health

COORDINATORDr Manfred WeidmannBereich Humanmedizin der Georg-AugustUniversität GöttingenStiftung des Öffentlichen RechtsDepartment of VirologyAm Kreuzbergring 5737075 GöttingenGermanyE-mail: mweidma@gwdg.deTel. (49-5513) 89 94 06Fax (49-5513) 89 94 39CONTRACTORSDr Jean-Claude ManugerraInstitut PasteurCellule d’intervention biologique d’urgence25, rue du Dr Roux75724 ParisFranceE-mail: imanugu@pasteur.frTel. (33) 676 16 04 76Fax (33) 140 61 38 07Dr Ali MirazimiSwedish Institute for Infectious Disease ControlCenter for microbiological preparednessNobelv 18SolnaSwedenE-mail: ali.mirazimi@smi.ki.seTel. (46-8) 457 25 73Fax (46-8) 30 79 57Dr Amadou Alpha SallInstitut Pasteur de DakarArbovirus Unit36, avenue Pasteur, B.P. 220DakarSenegalE-mail: asall@pasteur.snTel. (221) 839 92 23Fax (221) 839 92 10Dr Laurent ToeMulti Disease Surveillance centre, World HealthOrganization, African RegionLaboratoire de biologie moléculaire1473, avenue Naba Zombré, 01 B.P. 549OuagadougouBurkina FasoE-mail: toel@oncho.oms.bfTel. (226) 50 34 38 18Fax (226) 50 34 36 75Dr Youssouf IssabreFondation Mérieux MaliLaboratoire Rodolphe MérieuxRue du Docteur Charles Mérieux, Ex-baseaérienne, B.P. E22 83BamakoMaliE-mail:youssouf.issabre@fondationmerieux-mali.orgTel. (223) 636 75 25Fax (223) 22 51 55Dr Lamine KoivoguiUniversité de Conakry, Faculté de médecineInstitut de microbiologieCentre hospitalier universitaire Donka5680 ConakryGuineaE-mail: koivogui@biasy.netTel. (224-4) 340 84 01Fax (224-4) 679 93Dr Klaus-Ingmar PfrepperMikrogen-molekularbiologischeEntwicklungsgesellschaft mbHFloriansbogen 2-482061 NeuriedGermanyE-mail: pfrepper@mikrogen.deTel. (49-895) 480 11 91Fax (49-895) 480 11 00Developing Countries

A multidisciplinary alliance to optimize schistosomiasis control and transmission surveillancein sub-Saharan AfricaPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2010Budget from EC: EUR 2 900 000Coordinator: Dr Thomas K. KristensenInstitute for Health Research and Development (DBL)CONTRAST is a multidisciplinary research alliance focusedupon technological innovation and provision of newknowledge to develop locally-adapted and sustainableintervention strategies, complementary with morbiditycontrol using praziquantel (PZQ). CONTRAST is committedto creating a new and much-needed platform for integratedschistosomiasis control in Africa, which will be effective andsustainable at national and local level.CONTRAST is a multidisciplinary alliance bringing togetherkey skills and expertise to generate new knowledge onbiological, environmental, and socio-economic factorsrelating to schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. The projectwill complement ongoing chemotherapy campaigns basedon the drug praziquantel and deliver more effective strategiesfor long-term control of this debilitating disease. The projectaddresses the basic need of endemic countries to improveunderstanding of schistosomiasis transmission, in order totarget, and make best use of limited resources for control.CONTRAST will lead to better local control solutions thatare more sustainable. Working with five European partners(established research institutes and a representative fromthe commercial sector), a strong research node networkacross sub-Saharan Africa will do the following: establishinnovative molecular tools to characterise both snailsand schistosomes; define the importance of host-parasitedynamics across different ecological and epidemiologicalsettings; develop new spatial models for disease risk mapsand prediction; encourage and assess novel local controlinterventions using a social science approach; and ensurewidespread dispersal and access to information.A realistic contribution to solving problems will be achievedby placing a greater emphasis on integrated strategiesappropriate to the specific, local settings necessary to caterto the focality and spatial heterogeneity of schistosomiasis.The benefits will be to identify the key biological,environmental, demographic, and socio-economic factorsthat maintain schistosomiasis at high levels of endemicity.As such integrated control strategies provide additionalevaluation indicators upon which success or failure can betested, these will include: relationship across endemic areas for diseasetransmission models; variation within snails and schistosomes from typicaldisease endemic environments, enabling associatedchanges following chemotherapy selective pressure tobe assessed; contamination in the environment through the use ofnovel molecular detection methods; spatial epidemiological models that aim to predict thedistribution of schistosomiasis at local levels; with clean water and adequate sanitation and its localeffects upon schistosomiasis transmission; schistosomiasis control through the use of interrogativequestionnaire methods.Dissemination of knowledge will be to identify targetgroups, specifically the international scientific and medicalcommunities, as well as all health care stakeholdersworking with communicable tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. Contribution to health policy standardswill be made through representation of partners at thefollowing organisations: the World Health Assembly Forumand WHO technical Expertise Groups, international medicaland scientific conferences on international health, as wellas at other key stakeholders meeting who have accessto basket funds to provide health or associated services(e.g. Global Initiatives). Partners with CONTRAST will alsoliaise at national governmental level, providing advice onschistosomiasis control, and environmental quality andmanagement, including governmental authorities andNGOs working within these sectors. In addition, partnerswill engage with the general public in endemic areas atselected field sites.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Thomas K. KristensenInstitute for Health Research and Development(DBL)Mandahl-Barth Research Centre for Biodiversityand HealthJaegersborg Allé 1d2920 CharlottenlundDenmarkE-mail: tkkristensen@dblnet.dkTel. (45) 77 32 77 60Fax (45) 77 32 77 33CONTRACTORSDr David RollinsonNatural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW7 5BDUnited KingdomE-mail: dr@nhm.ac.ukTel. (44-20) 79 42 54 00Fax (44-20) 79 42 50 34Dr Penelope VounatsouSwiss Tropical InstituteSocinstrasse 574002 BaselSwitzerlandE-mail: penelope.vounatsou@unibas.chTel. (41-61) 284 81 09Fax (41-61) 284 81 05Dr Joanne P. WebsterImperial College of Science Technology andMedicineExhibition RoadLondon SW7 2AZUnited KingdomE-mail: joanne.webster@imperial.ac.ukTel. (44-20) 75 94 65 78Fax (44-20) 75 94 12 65Dr Silvester NyakaanaMakerere UniversityP.O. Box 7062KampalaUgandaTel. (256-41) 53 26 31Fax (256-41) 54 10 68Mr Christopher SimoongaUniversity of ZambiaP.O. Box 32379LusakaZambiaE-mail: simoongachris@yahoo.comTel. (260-1) 25 08 73Fax (260-1) 29 08 63Mr Charles N. LangeNational Museums of KenyaP.O. Box 4065800100 NairobiKenyaE-mail: nzavi2001@yahoo.comTel. (254-20) 374 21 61Fax (254-20) 374 14 24Dr Oumar Talla DiawInstitut sénégalais de recherches agricolesIsra route des Hydrocarbures, Bel Air3120 DakarSenegalE-mail: otdiaw@hotmail.comTel. (221) 832 15 47Fax (221) 832 24 27Dr Amadou GarbaProgramme national de lutte contre la Bilharzioseet les Geohelminthes2648, boulevard de Zarmaganda13724 NiameyNigerE-mail: garbamadou@yahoo.fr, pnlbg@intnet.neTel. (227) 35 02 03Fax (227) 75 31 80Prof Louis-Albert Tchuem TchuentéCentre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology (CSP)P.O. Box 7244YaoundéCameroonE-mail: tchuemtchuente@schisto.com, csp@schisto.comTel. (237) 991 18 09Fax (237) 221 50 77Mr Ali Foum MgeniMinistry of Health and Social WelfareDepartment of Health and Social Welfare,Helminth Control ProgrammeP.O. Box 236ZanzibarTanzaniaE-mail: hcp.znz@zanlink.comTel. (255-24) 223 45 12Fax (255-24) 223 45 12Dr Nicholas Joseph LwamboNational Institute for Medical ResearchMwanza Research CentreP.O. Box 1462, IsamiloMwanzaTanzaniaE-mail: lwambon@hotmail.co.ukTel. (255-28) 250 30 12 / 255 744 24 28 68Fax (255-28) 250 06 54Dr Thierry LeclipteuxCoris BioconceptParc Crealys, rue Jean Sonet 4A5032 GemblouxBelgiumE-mail: th.leclipteux@corisbio.comTel. (32-81) 71 99 11Fax (32-81) 71 99 19Dr Narcis B. KabatereineMinistry of HealthVector Control Division15 Bombo Road, P.O. Box 1661KampalaUgandaE-mail: vcd_sci@utlonline.co.ugTel. (256-77) 249 20 78, (256-41) 25 19 27Fax (256-41) 25 30 44Developing Countries

Strategies for health insurance mechanisms to address health system inequities in Ghana,South Africa and TanzaniaPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 999 443Coordinator: Prof Diane McIntyreUniversity of Cape TownThis project will critically analyse the existing healthsystem in Ghana, Tanzania, and South Africa to identifytheir major equity challenges. This will allow the projectto consider alternative approaches to health insurancewithin these countries, as a mechanism for addressinghealth system equity challenges and in turn contributing toachieving the Millennium Development Goals. To achievethis principal objective, the distribution of the burden ofhealth care financing between socio-economic groups andthe factors influencing this distribution will be evaluated.The project will also evaluate the distribution of health carebenefits across socio-economic groups and health systemrelated factors that influence this distribution of benefits.Furthermore, current experience and options for the likelyfuture development of health insurance mechanisms(particularly mandatory insurance and insurance for nonformalsectors) in and between Ghana, South Africa,and Tanzania will be identified and critically evaluated.Assessment of health insurance options will particularlyfocus on their actual and/or potential equity impact andtheir feasibility and sustainability given the attitudes andpreferences of key stakeholders. Finally, the project willdevelop strategies and policy recommendations on healthinsurance mechanisms that will most appropriately addressidentified health system equity challenges.There will be five main activities in this project. First,existing national household survey databases, combinedwith information from tax authorities, will be analysed todetermine the current distribution of financing betweensocio-economic groups. This will be supplemented by casestudies in a sample of communities (household surveys,focus group discussions and key informant interviews) toexplore factors influencing this distribution. The secondactivity will involve similar analyses of secondary data onthe distribution of health care benefits and case studiesin a range of health services (exit interviews, focus groupdiscussions, and key informant interviews) to evaluatefactors influencing this distribution. Third, in-depthinterviews with key actors will be undertaken to determinetheir views and preferences in relation to health insuranceoptions and the reasons for these views. The fourthmain activity will involve a combination of spreadsheetmodelling to identify alternative health insurance designsthat would best promote equity and financial sustainabilityand critical assessment of the feasibility of successfullyimplementing each option given actor preferences andtheir relative power in influencing policy processes.Finally, recommendations on the most appropriate healthinsurance options within each country will be developed incollaboration with policy-makers.This research will identify health insurance designs ineach of the three African countries that are most likely topromote overall health system equity and be successfullyimplemented, given stakeholder preferences and abilityto influence policy design and implementation. Moreparticularly, it will consider in some detail health insurancedesign options, which will assist policy-makers in eachcountry in identifying the most appropriate route forfuture health insurance development. This researchwill be innovative in its exploration of the system-wideimplications of health insurance and its development ofinnovative tools and methods that will be made availableto other groups to use.A recent World Health Assembly resolution on universalcoverage and social health insurance, called for thedevelopment of ‘methodologies better to measure andanalyse the benefits and cost of different practices inhealth financing, covering collection of revenues, poolingand provision or purchasing of services, taking accountof economic and sociocultural differences’. This projectpromises to make a major contribution in this regard,particularly insofar as it covers the entire process involvingthe identification of existing health system equity challengesas well as the identification and evaluation of healthinsurance options and likely implementation challenges.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf Diane McIntyreUniversity of Cape TownHealth Economics UnitPublic Health and Family MedicineHealth Sciences FacultyAnzio RoadObservatory, 7925South AfricaE-mail: dimac@heu.uct.ac.zaTel (27-21) 406 65 79Fax (27-21) 448 81 52CONTRACTORSDr Natasha PalmerLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineHealth Economics and Financing ProgrammeHealth Policy UnitKeppel StreetWC1E 7HT, LondonUnited KingdomE-mail: natasha.palmer@lshtm.ac.ukTel. (44-20) 79 27 22 71Fax (44-20) 76 37 53 91Prof Lucy GilsonUniversity of the WitwatersrandCentre for Health PolicyPublic HealthSpencer Lister, Corner Hospital and De KorteStreets2001 BraamfonteinSouth AfricaE-mail: lucy.gilson@nhls.ac.zaTel. (27-11) 242 99 07Fax (27-11) 720 00 10Dr John GyapongGhana Health ServiceHealth Research UnitCathedral Square,Castle Road AccraGhanaE-mail: john.gyapong@hru-ghs.orgTel. (233-21) 68 10 85 / 68 11 09Fax (233-21) 22 67 39Dr Hassan MshindaIfakara Health Research and Development CentrePlot 463, Kiko AvenueDar es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: hmshinda@ihrdc.org.tzMshinda_hassan@yahoo.co.ukTel. (255-74) 878 22 10Fax (255-22) 277 17 14Ms Phil CompernolleKoninklijk Instituut voor de TropenMauritskade 631092 AD, AmsterdamNetherlandsE-mail: p.compernolle@kit.nlTel. (31-20) 568 84 83 / 84 58Fax (31-20) 568 84 44Prof Clas RehnbergKarolinska InstituteMedical Management CentreNorrbacka, Plan 217177 StockholmSwedenE-mail: clas.rehnberg@ki.seTel. (46-7) 618 63 21Fax (46-8) 30 73 51Developing Countries

Sustainable Control of Onchocerciasis Today and TomorrowPeriod: 01/11/2006 to 31/10/2010Budget from EC: EUR 2 800 000Coordinator: Prof David William TaylorUniversity of EdinburghThe purpose of this project is to improve sustainable controlof onchocerciasis (river blindness) through refinement ofexisting chemotherapeutic regimes and identification ofnew targets and approaches for integrated control that willcombine chemotherapy with vaccination. The demand forthese studies comes from: regions where transmission had been interrupted; resistance; ivermectin treatment in loiasis endemic areas.There are three primary objectives: regimes by use of doxycycline to complement ivermectintreatment and further screening of existing drugs; intervention and their implications for improved controlstrategies; candidates, and approaches for integrated control.As doxycycline is already licensed for human use, combinationtherapy with ivermectin for selected indications(not mass treatment) will deliver short-term impact whileproviding a framework for the longer term vision ofintegrated chemotherapy-vaccine control of onchocerciasis.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf David William TaylorUniversity of EdinburghRoyal Dick School for Veterinary StudiesCentre for infectious DiseasesOld College, North BridgeEH12 9YL EdinburghUnited KingdomE-mail: david.w.taylor@ed.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 650 70 14Fax (44-131) 651 39 03CONTRACTORSDr Samuel WanjiResearch Foundation in Tropical Diseases andEnvironmentDisease Control UnitMolyko 474BueaCameroonE-mail: swanji@yahoo.frTel. (237-332) 31 09Fax (237-332) 27 65Dr Vincent Ngwang TanyaInstitut de recherche agricole pourle développementRegional Centre of Irad WakwaVeterinary Research LaboratoryNgaoundereCameroonE-mail: vntanya@yahoo.comTel. (237-776) 90 83Fax (237-223) 35 38Prof Ohene AdjeiKwame Nkrumah University ofScience and TechnologyDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, School ofMedical SciencesUniversity Post OfficeKumasiGhanaE-mail: 25oadjei@africaonline.ghTel. (233-51) 605 31Fax (233-51) 620 17Dr Meba BanlaUniversité de LoméFaculte mixte de pharmacie et medicineDepartment of ophthalmology(onchocerciasis reference laboratory)LoméTogoE-mail: mebabania@hotmail.comTel. (228-550) 954Fax (228-902) 22 81Judith Elizabeth AllenUniversity of EdinburghCentre for Immunology and InfectionOld College, North BridgeEdinburghUnited KingdomE-mail: j.allen@ed.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 650 70 14Prof Alexander John TreesIncorporated Liverpool School of TropicalMedicineVeterinary ParasitologyPembroke PlaceL3 5QA LiverpoolUnited KingdomE-mail: tree@liv.ac.ukTel. (44-151) 705 31 18Fax (44-151) 705 33 73Prof Achim HöraufUniversitätsklinikum BonnInstitute for Medical Parasitology, BonnUniversitySigmund-Freud-Str. 2553105 BonnGermanyE-mail: hoerauf@parasit.meb.uniu-bonn.deTel. (49-228) 287 56 73Fax (49-228) 287 95 73Prof Hartwig Schulz-KeyEberhard Karls Universität TübingenInstitute of Tropical MedicineWilhelmstr. 772074 TübingenGermanyE-mail: hartwig.schulz-key@uni-tuebingen.deTel. (49-7071) 298 67 59Fax (49-7071) 29 59 96Dr Odile BainMuseum National d’Histoire NaturelleEcologie et Gestion de la Biodiversité,parasitologie comparée etmodèles experimentauxCuvier 577500505 ParisFranceE-mail: bain@mnhn.frTel. (33) 140 79 03 40 97Fax (33) 140 79 03 40 97Developing Countries

Biology and clinical staging of trypanosome neuroinvasion in sleeping sicknessPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 700 000Coordinator: Prof Krister KristenssonKarolinska InstitutetThe NEUROTRYP project foresees a highly integratedinvestigation of sleeping sickness or human Africantrypanosomiasis (HAT). This is a neglected but re-emergingdisease in sub-Saharan Africa. HAT develops into an earlyhaemolymphatic and a subsequent encephalitic stage,during which the causative parasite Trypanosoma bruceiand/or increased numbers of lymphocytes are found in thecerebrospinal fluid. Arsenic compounds are still the drugsof choice for treatment at the encephalitic stage, but theyare associated with severe and often fatal side-effects.Drug resistance also poses a serious problem. There areimportant gaps in knowledge concerning the following:the mechanisms by which trypanosomes invade the brain;when, post-infection, such invasion occurs; and the effectsof drugs on trypanosomes that have invaded the brainparenchyma. Therefore, the objective of the NEUROTRYPconsortium is to discover molecules that may be consideredas markers for an effective staging of HAT, and design newtherapies by using drugs which have already passed clinicaltrials in humans for other indications.In order to discover mechanisms of parasite neuroinvasionand thereby devise candidate diagnostic markers for aneffective staging and new therapeutic management ofHAT, the NEUROTRYP project plans to pursue the followingactivities: diagnostic tools to be used in therapeutic decisions andcure assessment; toxicity drugs already in use for other diseases, whichcan interfere with trypanosomes that are invading orhave invaded the brain; logical parameters that correlate to trypanosomeneuroinvasion, as well as therapeutic windows for drugsto clear trypanosomes from the brain; by providing transfer of technology to and training forjunior investigators, especially African scientists; also todevelop expertise on HAT and other neuro-inflammatorydiseases, which plague the African continent.The research will provide new knowledge on the biology,epidemiology, and the technologies relevant to sustainablesurveillance systems of HAT on a regional scale. In addition, itwill provide information with the intention of improving theexisting treatment of sleeping sickness. Once established asrobust, such technologies can be incorporated into nationallaboratories and regional reference centres. By includingfive African and three European partners, the project willprovide a basis for the development of a strong and durablepartnership, with extensive interaction and exchangesbetween African and European countries. In particular,NEUROTRYP expects to do the following: tools for disease staging and cure assessment; and institutions, and establish durable collaborationbetween European and African laboratories; whereby drugs may be designed to inhibit and curetrypanosome neuroinvasion, which is the most seriouscomplication of African trypanosomiasis.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf Krister KristenssonKarolinska InstitutetNeuroscienceRetzius vag 8171 77 StockholmSwedenE-mail: krister.kristensson@ki.seTel. (46-8) 52 48 78 25Fax (46-8) 32 53 25CONTRACTORSProf George LubegaMakerere UniversityVeterinary Parasitology and Microbiology,Molecular Biology LaboratoryMakerere Hill RoadKampalaUgandaE-mail: glubega@imul.comTel. (256-41) 53 30 02Fax (256-41) 53 43 36Dr Misheck MulumbaCentre for Ticks and Tick-Borne DiseasesBweemba Complex, Likuni Road, Area 46LilongweMalawiE-mail: cttbd@malawi.netTel. (265) 176 61 91Fax (265) 176 60 10Prof Philippe BüscherPrins Leopold Instituut voorTropische GeneeskundeDepartment of Parasitology, Unit of ParasiteDiagnosticsNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpenBelgiumE-mail: pbuscher@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 63 71Fax (32-3) 247 63 73Prof Jean-Jacques Muyembe-TamfumInstitut national de recherche biomédicaleLaboratoire national de référence sur latrypanosomiase humaine africaineAvenue de la DémocratieKIN 1 Kinshasa/GombeDemocratic Republic of the CongoE-mail: jjmuyembe@yahoo.frTel. (243-1) 894 92 89Prof Marina BentivoglioUniversity of Verona, Medical FacultyDepartment of Morphological and BiomedialSciences, Section of Anatomy and HistologyStrada le Grazie, 837134 VeronaItalyE-mail: marina.bentivoglio@univr.itTel. (39) 04 58 02 71 58Fax (39) 04 58 02 71 63Dr Chanda MulengaTropical Diseases Research CentreImmunology UnitBiomedical Sciences Department7th Floor, Ndola Central Hospital, Nkana RoadNdolaZambiaE-mail: chandamulenga@yahoo.comTel. (260-2) 62 11 12Fax (260-2) 62 11 12Dr Alfred NjamnshiUniversity of YaoundéFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesMelen RoadYaoundéCameroonE-mail: aknjamnshi@yahoo.co.ukTel. (237-3) 761 99 64Fax (237-3) 223 45 79Developing Countries

Effectiveness of facility-based audits to improve the responsiveness of West African district hospitalsto obstetric emergencies: a three-country cluster randomised controlled trialPeriod: 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2010Budget from EC: EUR 2 999 979Coordinator: Dr Matthias BorchertLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineIdentifying and implementing sustainable interventionsto improve the quality of hospital care in sub-SaharanAfrica is challenging. Maternal and perinatal mortalityratios stagnate at a high level and improving hospitals’responsiveness to obstetric emergencies is thought to be animportant potential contribution to decrease in mortality.The World Health Organisation (WHO) has launchedan initiative to promote a range of quality assurancestrategies, including several types of facility-based audits.While audits certainly hold promise, the evidence for theireffectiveness is mixed. All randomised controlled trials ofaudits have been undertaken in industrialised countries,but the effectiveness of health services intervention islikely to vary according to context.The project plans to carry out a cluster-randomised,controlled trial in West African district hospitals to assessthe effectiveness of two types of facility-based audits:criterion-based clinical audits (CBCA) and patientcentredcase reviews (PCCR). WHO guidelines on themanagement of obstetric complications and enhancedroutine documentation, including the WHO partograph, willbe introduced in all 36 participating hospitals, while CBCAor PCCR will be set up in 12 hospitals each. The primaryoutcome variable is a responsiveness score, designed tomeasure technical and organisational management ofobstetric emergencies. Additional outcome measurementsinclude the delay between decision and start of emergencycaesarean section, and hospital-based perinatal mortality.A concurrent anthropological study will improve ourunderstanding of how audits work - or why they fail -and identify barriers and facilitators for their successfulintegration into routine practice. An economic evaluationwill assess the cost-effectiveness of both interventions.hospitals in resource-poor African countries. Such evidencewill guide policy makers and implementers in decidingwhether to adopt one of these two interventions asa quality improvement strategy. The anthropologicalstudy will contribute to an understanding of how auditscan affect change, or why they fail to do so. Thus, futureaudit programmes may learn how to avoid pitfalls andhow to create conditions conducive to successful audits.The economic evaluation of the audit interventions willinform us about the economic viability of facility-basedaudits in first-line referral hospitals. If both audit typesare shown to be effective, information on their costeffectivenesswill help policy makers choose between them.The project is expected to contribute to maternal andneonatal survival and wellbeing by providing evidencethat will guide policy makers on how good quality inobstetric care can be achieved and maintained. It will alsocontribute to capacity building in public health research inthe partner countries.The randomised controlled trial will provide robustevidence on the effectiveness of the two types of facilitybasedaudits introduced by the WHO in first-line referralHealth and public health

COORDINATORDr Matthias BorchertLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineDepartment of Epidemiology and PopulationHealth, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit,Maternal Health GroupKeppel StreetLondon WC1E 7HTUnited KingdomE-mail: matthias.borchert@lshtm.ac.ukTel. (44-20) 79 27 23 60Fax (44-20) 76 37 43 14CONTRACTORSProf Vincent De BrouwerePrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicinePublic Health DepartmentNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpenBelgiumE-mail: vdbrouw@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 62 86Fax (32-3)247 62 58Dr Lucian PuscasiuEast European Institute for Reproductive Health1 Moldovei St540493 Targu-MuresRomaniaE-mail: lpuscasiu@eeirh.orgTel. (40-265) 25 55 32Fax (40-265) 25 53 70Dr Sourou Beatrice GoufodjiCentre de recherche en reproduction humaine eten démographieAvenue Jean Paul II, rue 23201 CotonouBeninE-mail: cerrhud@intnet.bjTel. (229) 21 30 55 79, (229) 90 03 59 22Dr Nicolas MedaCentre MurazDepartment of HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health2054 Avenue Mamadou KonateBobo-DioulassoBurkina FasoE-mail: nmeda.muraz@fasonet.bfTel. (226) 20 97 26 30Fax (226) 20 97 01 77Dr Amadou DoloUniversité de BamakoService de gynécologie obstétrique CHU GabrielTouréPoint G / KouloubaBamakoMaliE-mail: adolo@afribone.net.mlTel. (223) 223 26 52Fax (223) 222 60 90Developing Countries

Experience of African countries with global health initiativesPeriod: 01/11/06 to 31/12/2010Budget from EC: EUR 3 199 531Coordinator: Prof Wim van DammePrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicineThe past five years have witnessed a proliferation ofglobal health initiatives (GHIs) which have emergedas an alternative to traditional and multilateral healthdevelopment funding. GHIs are widely seen as an efficientand rational response to global health threats, yet little isknown about how the shift from traditional approaches hasimpacted health systems in recipient countries. The generalobjective of the research is to understand how the rise ofthe GHIs has impacted the architecture of developmentpartnerships and national-level health system managementfunctions in four south African countries. The specificobjectives of the research are: country-level decision-making and planning processes; resource policies, deployment, and effectiveness, and/or competition for human resources for programmeplanning, management, and service delivery; the within-country praxis of development assistance forhealth and; existing partnerships and country systems in a way thatimproves the coherence of development assistance andthe coordination and efficacy of the health system.The project will close the knowledge gap by contributinginformation on the evolution and effectiveness of GHIs,typology of donor harmonisation initiatives, the extentand effect of integration in national planning of sub-Saharan countries, the impact on human resources and theperformance of health workers. The expert meetings createopportunities to mobilise regional and national stakeholdersfor discussions and inform them of research findings inorder to clarify relevant policy implications and action plans.The project will strengthen the interaction among researchpartners in Europe and Africa, and representatives of keyinternational organisations (for example, the EuropeanCommission, WHO-Geneva, WHO-Africa, NEPAD, SADC, andcountry WHO offices).A document and literature review will be conducted toensure that research undertaken complements and clarifiesexisting evidence, both nationally and internationally.The qualitative research methods will help us understandwhat these initiatives are and how they function in eachcountry. On this basis lessons can be extrapolated fromnational experiences into international recommendations.The project will also organise expert meetings for partnerdiscussions, methodology development, and exchangeswith policy-makers.Health and public health

COORDINATORProf Wim van DammePrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicinePublic HealthNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpBelgiumE-mail: wvdamme@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 64 78Fax (32-3) 247 62 58CONTRACTORSProf Eric BuchUniversity of PretoriaSchool of Health Systems and Public HealthBuilding 22 CSIR complex Meiring Naude road0001 PretoriaSouth AfricaE-mail: eric.buch@up.ac.zaTel. (27-12) 841 32 15Fax (27-12) 841 33 28Prof Julie CliffUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneFaculty of MedicineCommunity HealthAvenida Salvador Allende 702, P.O. Box 257MaputoMozambiqueE-mail: julie.cliff@gmail.comTel. (258-21) 32 10 72Fax (258-21) 32 52 55Prof David SandersUniversity of the Western CapeSchool of Public HealthModderdam Road, Bellville, Private Bag X177535 Cape TownSouth AfricaE-mail: dsanders@uwc.ac.zaTel. (2721-959) 24 02Fax (2721-959) 28 72Dr Ruairi BrughaRoyal College of SurgeonsDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health123 St. Stephens GreenDublin 2IrelandE-mail: rbrugha@rcsi.ieTel. (353-1) 402 24 24Fax (353-1) 402 27 64Dr Evelize Joaquina JoaquimDa Cruz Fresta (Cordis)Centro de Estudos Avançados em Educação eFormação MédicaAv. Hoji ya Henda(recinto do hospital Américo Boavida),P.O. Box 116LuandaAngolaE-mail: mariofresta@netcabo.co.aoTel. (244-923) 63 68 05Fax (244-222) 39 46 50Prof Paulo FerrinhoUniversidade Nova de LisboaInstituto de Higiene e Medicina TropicalHealth Systems UnitRua da Junqueira 961349-008 LisbonPortugalE-mail: pferrinho@ihmt.unl.ptTel. (351) 965 39 50 95Fax (351) 213 63 21 05Developing Countries

Innate Immune Responses and Immunoregulation in Schistosomiasis:Novel mechanisms in the control of infection and diseasePeriod: 01/11/2006 to 31/10/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 999 312Coordinator: Dr Adrian MountfordUniversity of YorkChronic helminth infections, such as Schistosoma sp., cancause immune down-regulation through long-term, repeatedstimulation of the innate immune system. This follows thebinding of parasite molecules to a limited number of innatereceptors, leading to changes in the innate immune systemthat dictate whether the development of an adaptiveimmune response is stimulated or regulated. This aspect ofthe immune system represents a novel route to exploit inthe development of future control measures.The project team has four main objectives: with schistosomes that are associated with downregulationof acquired immune responses, or conversely,the development of pathology; immunoregulatory molecules; responses and immunopathology; logical and geographic data gathered in the field.The following activities will be carried out under theSCHISTOINIR project: specifically of innate receptors and their downstreamevents, in groups of infected patients in three differentendemic regions that have contrasting histories ofinfection and pathology:i). Recent infection with S. mansoni and/or S.haematobium, evident in northern Senegal;ii). Chronic S. haematobium infection but no historyof treatment, evident in the Lambarene region,Gabon;iii). Chronic S. haematobium infection and currentmass treatment, evident in the Volta region,Ghana. These studies will be guided by moredetailed investigations of the innate responses inexperimental murine models of infection; schistosome parasite are likely to be importantcandidate ligands of host innate receptors and so willbe characterised, isolated, and synthesised; assays and in vivo model systems, to identify thosemolecules with the greatest capacity to enhance orregulate immune responsiveness Geographic Information Systems (GIS) that will be set upto incorporate both epidemiological and immunologicaldata. A comprehensive GIS will allow the project teamto identify spatial components of clinical data on innateimmune parameters. The technology will help localteams involved in control programmes, and providenovel insights into the spatial dynamics of immuneresponses never studied before.The potential impact of the project is the improvedeffectiveness of control programmes i.e. drug-treatmentand putative anti-schistosome vaccines, or alternatively thepromotion of immunoregulatory networks in individualswith severe morbidity e.g. in patients with hepatosplenicdisease. It will upgrade control standards by introducing GISinto teams active in endemic regions where it has not yetbeen applied. Inherent to the specific objectives will be thestrengthening and development of the research capacity ofscientists in endemic regions which will aid the training ofEU researchers therein.Data will be submitted for publication in high impact,peer-reviewed journals to ensure public accessibility of theproject findings. Dissemination of results via internationalconferences and meetings is considered of great value.One likely project outcome will be the isolation of parasitemolecules with immunoregulatory activity. This will beof major interest to those in the pharmaceutical industrywishing to develop novel strategies in the control ofautoimmune and allergic disorders, therefore applicationsfor patents will be filed for any discovered molecules.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Adrian P. MountfordUniversity of YorkDepartment of BiologySchistosomiasis Research GroupYork YO10 5YWUnited KingdomE-mail: apm10@york.ac.ukTel. (44-1904) 32 85 95Fax (44-1904) 32 85 05CONTRACTORSDr Daniel BoakyeUniversity of GhanaNogouchi Memorial Institute forMedical ResearchLegonGhanaE-mail: dboakye@noguchi.mimcom.netTel. (233-21) 50 1178Fax (233-21) 50 2182Prof Souleymane MboupUniversité Cheikh Anta DiopCHU Le DantecDakarSenegalE-mail: virus@sentoo.snTel. (221-821) 64 20Fax (221-821) 64 42Dr Michel MissinouHôpital Albert SchweitzerMedical Research UnitLambarénéGabonE-mail: michel.missinou@uni-tuebingen.deTel. (241) 58 10 99Fax (241)58 11 96Dr Katja PolmanPrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicineDepartment of Parasitology,Unit of HelminthologyNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpBelgiumE-mail: kpolman@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 62 04Fax (32-3) 247 63 59Prof Maria YazdanbakhshLeiden University Medical CenterCentre for Infectious DiseasesDepartment of ParasitologyAlbinusdreef 22333 ZA LeidenNetherlandsE-mail: m.yazdanbakhsh@lumc.nlTel: (31-71) 526 50 67Fax (31-71) 526 69 07Developing Countries

T cell Regulation and the Control of Helminth InfectionsPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 950 000website: www.tranchi.orgHelminth infections are among the most neglectedcommunicable diseases afflicting developing countries.Pharmacological treatments are compromised by rapid reinfection,variable compliance, and emerging resistance.Vaccination has not yet succeeded in evoking strongresistance. The critical question in helminth control remainswhy the immune system fails to clear parasites, which maybe due to the presence of a newly-identified cell type, theRegulatory T cells (Treg). By studying this fundamental issue,the aim of the project team is to develop a novel route topromote host immunity and achieve immunological cure.The specific objectives are to: schistosomiasis infected humans; infection status or levels of pathology; linked to Treg profiles in humans; hyporesponsiveness; responsiveness in human cells; to infection in animal models; usage; immunological interventions.Coordinator: Prof R. M. MaizelsUniversity of Edinburgh from infected subjects; polymorphisms; for new immunological interventions.The project will have the following outcomes: clinical and parasitological data required for the projectanalyses; activity and infection status, intensity and pathology inthe two major tropical helminth diseases, filariasis andschistosomiasis; infection in animal model systems; associated specifically with Tregs; is user friendly; of polymorphisms in regulatory genes in Indian,Indonesian, and African populations; immunological interventions.The project contains seven well-defined work packagesinvolving close collaboration between project partners inthree EU Member States and four developing countries: in helminth-endemic areas; infected and uninfected subjects; of helminth infection; characterisation in an endemic country-practicalmanner;Health and public health

COORDINATORProf R. M. MaizelsUniversity of EdinburghInstitute of Immunology and Infection ResarchOld College, South BridgeEdinburghUnited KingdomTel. (44-1316) 50 55 11Fax (44-1316) 50 54 50CONTRACTORSProf Maria YazdanbakhshLeiden University Medical CenterDepartment of ParasitologyAlbinusdvel 2LeidenNetherlandsTel. (31-71) 52 65 067Fax (31-71) 52 66 907Prof Peter KremsnerEberhard Karls Universität TübingenInstitute of Tropical MedicineWilelm SH 7TübingenGermanyTel. (49-7071) 29 87 179Fax (49-7071) 29 82 365Dr Taniawati SupaliUniversity of IndonesiaDepartment of ParasitologyFaculty of MedicineGd. Pusat AdministrasiRektorat/CentralAdministrative BuildingDepokIndonesiaTel. (62-21) 39 14 07Fax (62-21) 39 83 20 18Dr Balachandran RavindranInstitute of Life SciencesRegional Medical Researh CentreIndian Council of Medical ResearchNAlco Square, ChandvasekarpurIndiaTel.(91-6742) 30 19 00Fax (91-6742) 30 27 46Dr Rahman NoordinUniversiti Sains MalaysiaInstitute for Research in Molecular Medicine(INFORMM)Pulau Pinang MindenPenangMalaysiaTel. (60-4) 65 37 881Fax (60-4) 65 67 176Dr Elie MavoungouHopital Albert SchweitzerUnité de recherche médicaleB.P. 118LambereneGabonTEl. (241) 58 10 99Fax (241) 58 11 96Developing Countries

Emergency contraception: a means to improve reproductive health in West Africa?Period: 01/01/2005 to 30/06/2008Budget from EC: EUR 2 348 000Progesterone-only emergency contraception (EC) is currentlybeing introduced in West Africa, and could representan efficient means towards the reduction of unwantedpregnancies and unsafe abortions. The general objectiveof this research is to fill a gap in existing knowledge byunderstanding the potential role of EC in improving couples’sexual and reproductive health in that region. Postulatingthat EC use is embedded in the articulation of conflictingsocial logics which depend simultaneously on reproductiveand sexual norms, gender relations, and client-providerrelations, our specific objectives are to study the following,in the context of West Africa: practices.The study will be conducted in Burkina Faso, Ghana andSenegal. Morocco is included in the study design totest whether the success of EC depends on pre-existingwidespread contraceptive use: we focus on the capitals ofthe countries where the supply of contraceptives is the mostdiverse and the demand for EC is also likely to be the mostimportant.To assess the accessibility of emergency contraception, wewill identify its diffusion channels and collect informationfrom providers. We will conduct a qualitative study (in-depthsemi-directive interviews with women, men, providers, andhealth policy makers in reproductive health care) to analysethe acceptability of emergency contraception, the situationsin which its use is particularly adapted, the specific obstaclesto its utilisation, and its place in regard to other contraceptivemethods. To study the situations in which EC may beparticularly adapted, we will supplement the qualitativeanalysis by a secondary analysis of surveys at nationallevel. We will quantify the potential demand for emergencycontraception (women’s socio-demographic variables,Coordinator: Dr Nathalie Bajos,Institut national de la santé etde la recherche médicale (INSERM)knowledge, use, and access to modern contraceptives),and study in more detail the interaction between unmetneeds and contraceptive supply. Finally, using the results ofthe qualitative analysis, we will elaborate a questionnairesection on the use and determinants of EC to be introducedin future reproductive health surveys, and the questionnairewill be tested.These three levels of research will be synthesised at the endof the project: the quantitative approach will help identifythe socio-demographic characteristics of potential ECusers, and thus allow for a definition of the target of newcontraceptive policies. The results of the qualitative andhealth system approaches, by identifying obstacles to ECuse, the situations in which its use is particularly adapted,its place in regard to other fertility regulation practices, andthe health system strategies more adapted to its diffusion,will help design the content of these policies. Using theseresults, the research team, in interaction with reproductivehealth policy makers and other stakeholders in the field ofreproductive health, will elaborate a set of programmaticguidelines on the diffusion of emergency contraception inthe West African region.This project will be conducted in collaboration with a localstakeholders’ committee composed of the main stakeholdersin the field. This committee will give its input throughoutthe project, and prepare policy recommendations with theresearchers at the end of the project. Different disseminationactions will also take place at the end of the project,targeted towards policy makers and other stakeholders, aswell as the general and academic publics. This project willmoreover train one PhD student in reproductive health ineach study country.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Nathalie BajosInstitut national de la santé etde la recherche médicale (INSERM)U569 — Épidémiologie, démographie et sciencessociales: santé reproductive,sexualité et infection à VIH101 rue de Tolbiac, ParisFranceE-mail: bajos@vjf.inserm.frFax (33) 145 21 20 75CONTRACTORSProf Catherine Gourbin,Dominique Tabutin,Bruno SchoumakerUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCL)Institute of Demography1 Place de l’UniversitéLovain - La - NeuveBelgiumDr Fatima Bakass,Abdesselam FazouaneInstitut national de statistique etd’économie appliquée (INSEA)B.P. 6217Avenue Allal el Fassi, RabatMoroccoDr John Gyapong, Dr Ivy OseiGhana Health ServiceHealth Research UnitCathedral SquareCastle Road GP 184AccraGhanaDr Pierrette Koné, Binta Mbow GuisséSanté reproductive et genre (SAREGE)B.P. 19208HLM Las Palmas, Villa n.493GuediwayeDakar FannSenegalDr Susannah MayhewLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineCentre for Population StudiesKeppel StreetLondonUnited KingdomChristophe Dalban MoreynasInserm Transfert SAEuropean management departmentRue Watt 775013PARISFranceE-mail: dalban-moreynas@inserm-transfert.frTel. (33) 4 721 38 984Fax (33) 4 721 38 980Pierrette Aguessy KoneSanté reproductive et genreAvenue des Ambassadeurs 4Cite des Professeurs 45Dakar FannBP 5414DAKARSenegalTel. 221 338 647 179E-mail: omonlade15@hotmail.comDeveloping Countries

Addressing the health of children in urban poor areas through improved home-based care,personal hygiene and environmental sanitation and healthcare servicesPeriod: 01/01/2005 – 31/03/2006Budget from EC: EUR 150,000Coordinator: Dr Eliya Msiyaphazi ZuluAfrican Population and Health Research CentreThere have been limited comprehensive interventions thataddress multiple determinants of child health in settingswhere the effects of poverty, poor personal hygiene andenvironmental sanitation are compounded by limitedaccess to appropriate health care. This application soughtto build on studies conducted by African Population andHealth Research Centre (APHRC) in Nairobi, Kenya to pilottest interventions focusing on improved home-based careof ill children, strengthened provision of care in healthfacilities, and improved personal hygiene and environmentalsanitation - “the three pillar approach”. This approach goesa step further than the “shared-care model” that has hadconsiderable success in rural areas in sub-Saharan Africa.The main aim of this SSA was to facilitate strengtheningof the consortium and to prepare the communities toundertake an intervention project from 2005 onwards.Through this project the partners conducted exploratorystudies in Ghana and Malawi with a view to later implementinterventions in west, east and southern Africa. The projecthad four complementary steps:· (1) formation of an expertgroup comprised of scientists from Europe and Africa; (2)pilot test interventions in Kenya, and exploratory studiesin Ghana and Malawi; (3) dissemination of information onchild health to policy makers through in-country and regionalseminars and targeted publications; and (4) developmentand submission of a STREP proposal on improving childhealth based on the “three pillar approach”. This projectultimately contributed towards reducing the burden ofdisease among children leading to savings on health byhouseholds and governments. It had benefits for womenwho spend substantial amounts of time and resourcesmanaging childhood illnesses. The project also increasedvisibility of child health problems in urban poor areas, thusplacing this issue higher on the development agenda ofpublic health services and development donors.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Eliya Msiyaphazi ZuluAfrican Population and Health Research CentreKenyaPO Box 10787Shelter Afrique Centre, Longonot Road,Upper HillNairobiKenyaFax (254)202 72 03 80CONTRACTORSMs Rahab MundaraIntermediate Technology Development GroupAccess to Infrastructure ServicesAAYMCA Building, State Huse CrescentNairobiKenyaFax (254) 202 71 00 83Dr Alister Chaundumuka MunthaliCentre for Social ResearchKamuzu Highway 278,University Central Administration OfficesZombaMalawiFax (265) 152 45 78Prof John AnarfiInstitute of Statistical,Social and Economic ResearchUniversity of GhanaMile 11, Dodowa RoadLG74Legon – AccraGhanaE-mail: jkanarfi@isser.ug.wdu.ghDeveloping Countries

Strengthening fairness and accountability in priority setting for improving equity and accessto quality healthcare at district level in Tanzania, Kenya and ZambiaPeriod: 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2010Budget from EC: EUR 1 770 000Coordinator: Dr Jens ByskovInstitute for Health Research and Development (DBL)Health systems in many low income countries are strangledin a vicious circle: management capacity is perceived as tooinsufficient to be given full responsibility for priority setting.However, without effective decentralisation of the prioritysetting process, the capacity will never increase.This project aims to improve health and health care throughthe application of new approaches to fair and accountablepriority setting in order to achieve a provision of qualityhealth care at district level that is accessible and affordableto poor people in Tanzania, Kenya, and Zambia. obstetric care; malaria prevention, treatment, and care; performance.Sub-study results will be the basis for evaluation of policyrelevance of overall study outcomes. The study anticipatesfar-ranging, sustainable improvements in health systemperformance in resource-poor countries.The interventions study will: setting involving all relevant stakeholders, including theusers; the domains of management, human resources;generalised care, HIV/AIDS control, emergency obstetriccare, and malaria control, focusing on quality, equity,and accessibility of services; approaches to health policy- makers and managers forintegration into policy.The project will introduce and apply the accountability for areasonable priority setting tool in a selected district in eachof the three study countries. This will be done via a wideparticipatory process between all of the partners in theconsortium and other relevant stakeholders. Indicators willbe selected and applied for evaluating intervention effectson quality, equity, and trust.Evaluation will be done in both contextual, horizontal,and disease-specific service domains. This will cover themanagement capability for priority setting at district levelbased on relevant management elements. Evaluation willalso cover the relevance of cultural and social institutions asdeterminants of the decision-making process and assess theeffect on quality, equity, accessibility, and trust in relation tothe following:Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Jens ByskovInstitute for Health Research and Development(DBL)Jaegersborg All 1 D2920 CharlottenlundDenmarkE-mail: jbyskov@dblnet.dkTel. (45) 77 32 77 67Fax (45) 77 32 77 33CONTRACTORSProf Gunnar KvåleUniversity of BergenFaculty of MedicineCentre for International HealthArmaur Hansen Building,Haukeland University HospitalBergenNorwayE-mail: gunnar.kvale@cih.uib.noTel. (47) 55 97 49 80Fax (47) 55 97 49 79Prof Vincent De BrouwerePrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicinePublic HealthNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpenBelgiumE-mail: vdbrouw@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 62 86Fax (32-3) 247 62 58Dr Miguel San SebastiánUmeå UniverstityFaculty of MedicineUmeå International School of Public Health90185 UmeåSwedenE-mail: miguel.sansebastian@epiph.umu.seTel. (46-90) 785 13 28Fax (46-90) 13 89 77Dr Peter KamuzoraUniversity of Dar Es SalaamInstitute of Development StudiesUniversity RoadP.O. Box 35091, Dar Es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: petkamu@udsm.ac.tzTel. (255-22) 241 00 75Fax (255-22) 241 02 37Mr Emmanuel MakundiNational Institute of Medical ResearchHealth SystemsOcean RoadP.O. Box 9653, Dar Es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: emakundi@nimr.or.tzTel. (255-22) 212 14 00Fax (255-22) 22 12 13 60Mr Benedict T. NdawiPrimary Health Care InstituteP.O. Box 235, IringaTanzaniaE-mail: bndaw@phci.ac.tzTel. (255-26) 270 26 33Fax (255-26) 270 21 18Dr David L. MwanikiKenya Medical Research InstituteCentre for Public Health ResearchKenyatta Hospital premisesP.O. Box 54840, NairobiKenyaE-mail: dlmwaniki@wananchi.comTel. (254-20) 271 61 25Fax (254-20) 272 50 12Dr Isaac NyamongoUniversity of NairobiInstitute of African StudiesUniversity WayP.O Box 30197, NairobiKenyaE-mail: nama@insightkenya.comTel. (254-20) 374 41 23Fax (254-20) 374 41 23Dr Seter SizyaUniversity of ZambiaInstitute:, School of MedicineCommunity MedicineP.O. Box 50110, LusakaZambiaE-mail: ssizya@yahoo.comTel. (260-1) 25 61 81Fax (260-1) 25 61 81Dr Thabale Jack NgulubeUniversity of ZambiaInstitute of Economic and Social StudiesP.O. Box 50110, LusakaZambiaE-mail: chessore@yahoo.comTel. (260-1) 29 41 31Fax (260-1) 29 42 91Developing Countries

Multi-disciplinary studies of human schistosomiasis in Uganda, Kenya and Mali:New perspectives on morbidity, immunity, treatment and controlPeriod: 01/09/2005 to 31/08/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 500 000Coordinator: Dr Birgitte Jyding VennervaldInstitute of Health Research and Development (DBL)The project will focus on schistosomiasis in Uganda, Kenya,and Mali in sub-Saharan Africa. In all three countries,schistosomiasis is considered to be an important andprevalent poverty-related health problem. The overallobjective of the project is to contribute towards increasingthe knowledge regarding the effect of praziquantel (PZQ)on schistosomiasis-related morbidity, and specifically theways in which PZQ affects the regulation of host immuneresponses as well as the parasite itself, with the overall aimof improving morbidity control strategies.Field studies evaluating the impact of different treatmentstrategies and the effect of other factors, such asmalaria, on regression and the rate of reappearance ofschistosomiasis morbidity, will take place in Uganda,Kenya, and Mali and address both Schistosoma mansoniand S. haematobium infections. The effect of treatment onimmediate and short–term changes in immune responseswill be determined, and correlated with the level ofmorbidity before and after treatment, as well as with theresistance to re-infection in areas with different patternsof transmission. Existing diagnostic tools will be appliedand their diagnostic performance validated, with the aimof future use in evaluation of the impact of morbiditycontrol. By application of advanced mass spectrometry (MS)technology, disease-related host or parasite biomarkers, orparasite products related to infection status or released inresponse to treatment, will be identified in urine samples.The project combines advanced, fundamental research withan active, operational field programme. of which will contribute to ‘new knowledge on biology,epidemiology and technologies relevant for sustainablesurveillance systems of diseases on a regional scale’; morbidity, which contributes to ‘innovation in andimprovement of existing interventions.’The combination of all four results will ’help to implementappropriate strategies and policies for control andtreatment.’ The knowledge gained about the modulatingand boosting effect of PZQ on immune responses, andthe implications for development of resistance may be ofvalue in the design of future vaccines and their strategies.The use of the newest and most advanced MS technologyin the identification of parasite or host products related tomorbidity, aims at identifying the biomolecules suitable foruse in future morbidity diagnoses. This part of the projectis highly innovative, and is therefore likely to reinforcecompetitiveness.Close contact is established with the ministries of health inUganda, Kenya, and Mali as well as the control programmesin Uganda and Mali. This will facilitate the transformationof the research findings into strategies for control andfuture use of the morbidity assessment tools, in evaluatingthe impact of interventions. It is plausible that some ofthe results generated will change the current policies. Theproject will assist in strengthening the research capacityin the partner countries, and contribute to solving specificproblems faced by developing countries through equitablepartnership, thereby complying with the objectives in theINCO programme.In order to reach the overall objective of improving strategiesfor control, the following research-related outcomes areexpected: and how it may be affected and modulated bytreatment; host immune responses;Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Birgitte Jyding VennervaldInstitute of Health, Research and Development(DBL)Jægersborg Allé 1D2920 CharlottenlundDenmarkE-mail: bjvennervald@dblnet.dkTel. (45) 77 32 77 40Fax (45) 77 32 77 33CONTRACTORSDr Narcis B. KabatereineMinistry of Health, UgandaVector Control Division15 Bombo RoadKampalaUgandaE-mail: vcd_sci@utonline.co.ugTel. (256-41) 25 19 27Fax (256-41) 25 30 44Dr Kimani GachuhiKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)Center for Biotechnology,Research and DevelopmentMbagathi RoadNairobiKenyaE-mail: kgachuhi@nairobi.mimcom.netTel. (254-202) 72 73 46Fax (254-202) 72 00 30Moussa SackoInstitut national de recherche ensanté publique (INRSP)Service de parasitologie / SchistosomiasisResearch ProgrammeRoute de KoulikoroBamakoMaliE-mail: msacko@afribone.net.mlTel. (223) 223 92 11Fax (223) 221 43 20Prof André M. DeelderLeiden University Medical Center (LUMC)Department of ParasitologyAlbinusdreef 22300 RC LeidenNetherlandsE-mail: A.M.Deelder@lumc.nlTel. (31-71) 526 50 63Fax (31-527) 526 69 07Prof David W. DunneChancellor, Masters and Scholars ofthe University of CambridgeDepartment of PathologyTennis Court RoadCB2 1QP CambridgeUnited KingdomE-mail: dd@mole.bio.cam.ac.ukTel. (44-1223) 33 33 26Fax (44-1223) 33 37 41Dr Mariam MwanjeMinistry of Health, KenyaDivision of Vector Borne DiseasesP.O. Box 20750NairobiKenyaE-mail: sea@wananchi.comTel. (254-202) 72 43 02Fax (254-202) 72 58 33Developing Countries

A.DEVELOPING COUNTRIES1. Managing humid and semi-humid ecosystems2. Reconciling multiple demands on coastal zones3. Managing arid and semi-arid ecosystems

Developing Countries

Tools for management and sustainable use of natural vegetation in West AfricaPeriod: 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2009Budget from EC: EUR 2 499 763Coordinator: Dr Anne Mette LykkeUniversity of AarhusNatural vegetation of arid and semi-arid West Africa is ofimmense value to local people’s daily subsistence andnutrition, economic benefits, and survival in hunger periods.Nonetheless, poor management and unsustainable usedeteriorates the vegetation at a high rate. Much scientificinformation and local knowledge is needed for improvingmanagement strategies. Some knowledge already exists, butit must be organised, analysed, targeted and made availableto decision-makers and local communities. New researchmust be targeted to fill important gaps in this knowledge.SUN gathers West African and European scientists within thefields of vegetation-ecology, socio-economy, ethno-ecologyand remote sensing, all with experience in applied research.A total of 17 African PhD students will be involved in theproject. SUN will function as a knowledge- and technologybasedplatform for vegetation management in West Africaby gathering the major expertise, making innovative useof scientific data, and improving the interaction betweenscientists and stakeholders.One of Africa’s major development challenges is to establisha link between global initiatives and local managementactions. The project ‘Tools for management and sustainableuse of natural vegetation in West Africa’ (SUN) will broadenthe role of scientists as mediators between the world ofscientific information, global conventions and the Africanrealities where practical actions are needed. SUN willdevelop new, practical management tools and concretemanagement actions for improved sustainable use ofnatural vegetation by combining scientific vegetation data,remote sensing and socio-economic information with localpeople’s knowledge and needs.The project combines three types of activities: causal factors, and economic instruments and policiesto enhance sustainable economic growth; natural resource management by organising scientificdata; in collaboration between scientists and local people.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Anne Mette LykkeUniversity of AarhusInstitute of Biological SciencesNordre Ringgade 1AarhusDenmarkTel. (45) 89 42 26 47Fax (45) 89 42 27 22University of AarhusCONTRACTORSDr Keith Raymond McCloyDanish Institute of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of AgroecologyP.O. Box 50Blichers Allee 20TjeleDenmarkTel. (45) 89 99 18 24Fax (45) 89 99 12 00Dr Bienvenu SambouUniversity Cheikh Anta DiopInstitute of Environmental SciencesP.O. Box5005Avenue Cheikh Anta DiopDakar FannSenegalTel. (221) 8242302Fax (221) 8242103Dr Karen Hahn-HadjaliJohann Wolfgang Goethe UniversityInstitute for Ecology, Evolution and DiversityPostfach 11 19 32Senckenberganlage 31-33Frankfurt/M.GermanyTel. (49-69) 79 82 47 53Fax (49-69) 79 82 47 02Prof Georg ZizkaSenckenbergische Naturforschende GesellschaftDepartment of Botany and Molecular EvolutionSenckenberganlage 25Frankfurt/M.GermanyTel. (49-69) 97 07 51 66Fax (49-69) 97 07 51 37Dr Philippe MayauxJoint Research Centre (JRC)Global Environmental Monitoring UnitInstitute for Environment and SustainabilityIspraItalyTel. (39-0332) 78 97 06Fax (39-0332) 78 99 60Dr Ali MahamaneUniversity Abdou MoumouniLaboratory Garba Mounkaila of BiologyP.O. Box 10662B.P. 237NiameyNigerTel. (227) 20 31 57 36Fax (227) 20 31 50 72Dr Adjima ThiombianoUniversity of OuagadougouLaboratory of Biology and Vegetation EcologyB.P. 7021OuagadougouBurkina FasoTel. (226) 50 33 73 71Fax (226) 50 30 72 42Dr Mipro HienUniversity of Bobo DioulassoInstitute for Rural DevelopmentB.P. 1091Bobo DioulassoBurkina FasoTel. (226) 20 97 33 72Fax (226) 20 97 33 72Prof Brice SinsinUniversity of Abomey-CalaviFaculty of Agricultural SciencesLaboratory of Applied EcologyB.P. 526CotonouBeninTel. (229) 90 02 68 57Fax (229) 21 30 30 84Developing Countries

Ecosystems, Societies, Consilience, Precautionary principle: Development of an assessment methodof the societal cost for best fishing practices and efficient public policiesPeriod: 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2008Budget from EC: EUR 3 100 000website: www.ecostproject.orgThe main aim of the ECOST project is to develop a newapproach to assess the societal cost of fishing activities andfishing policies. Societal cost are defined as all costs linkedto fishing activities: these may be ecological (alterationof the capacity of a system), economic (all costs linked toproduction, management, subsidies, and external factors),social (linked to choices made in public policy, foodsafety, provision for national or international markets, theeradication of poverty, and to development models [smallscale fishing versus industrial fishing]).The project has to be seen from the wider perspective ofequipping public decision-makers and society with theappropriate tools and methods needed to take into account,not only immediate economic and social profits, but alsothe costs engendered by fishing activities which relate asmuch to ecosystems as to societies.The geographical dimension of the work is spread overthree continents (three countries for each continent) thatare characterised respectively by ecosystems of coastalupwelling (West Africa), delta (South East Asia) and coralreef (Caribbean). Within each region/ecosystem (eco-region)several fisheries have been selected as representative ofglobal fishing activities. Furthermore, a marine-protectedarea will be chosen in order to establish comparativeanalysis within the said eco-region and to serve as areference point. There is a triple advantage to such a choiceas it will facilitate the comparison of: first, the differentecosystems; second, fishing methods and management(public policy); and third, societies based on the choicesthey have made and their preoccupations regarding variousmarine resources. The main body of the work will thereforefocus on the development of a model that addresses thesocietal cost of fishing activities, which can reflect the realityof such varied and contrasting coastal regions as perceivedvia their ecosystems and societies.At the heart of the project will be the triple theme of‘marine environment — fishing activities — civil society’thus bringing together life and social science. The multidisciplinarynature of the project is centred on the conceptCoordinator: Dr Pierre FaillerUniversity of Portsmouthof consilience in order to gain a better understanding ofsituations that require expertise in different areas ofcompetence. of traditional models to take into account the realityof ecological, economic and social effects using purelytheoretical considerations, past application experience,and questioning the notion of value. A theoretical studyof the strengths of these models cannot be separatedfrom an in-depth study of the values of nature (resourcesand functions) that underlie the present models. Thiswork on the conception of value is fundamental to thedefinition of societal costs — costs and values are twosides of the same coin. The result of this first stage ofthe work (WP1) will be a report on significance usingdifferent models until the present time. The report willalso examine the notion of value to be considered whenmeasuring the societal cost of fishing activities. cost. This model is founded on the close association ofeconomics and ecology. It is constructed using a modelwhich currently has the greatest potential for applicationin the domain of fishing because it takes into account thevariable nature of resources and marine environmentalchanges. Furthermore, it is able to acquire a dynamicdimension, which is necessary for any prospective onpublic policy. The measurable result will therefore be adynamic model that has environmental retro-actions inrelation to the ecosystem (WP5 and WP6). To developthis model, scientists will first work in their own field(WP2, WP3, WP4) in an interactive way in order to makeprogress. social impact. First, this will be a revision of the modelaccording to the lessons learnt from its experimentalapplication to the three chosen regions/ecosystems.Second, it will consist of a multi-disciplinary study ofthe biological, ecological, and economic factors thatmay limit the wider application of the model to otherNatural Resources

egions/ecosystems in the world. The validation of themodel and its generic formulation will be accompaniedby a performance index (for example, in relation to thequality of the data and the nature of the informationthat has been gathered), an explanatory manual,and an analysis of the model’s inherent limits. Themeasurable result will take the form of a genericmodel for assessing societal costs accompanied by anapplication framework (WP9). Comparative work will be carried out on three levels:- work on the ecosystem showing the repercussionsof the use of distinct techniques and practices;- a comparison of the ecosystems themselves in orderto highlight the responses made by the ecosystemsto anthropic pressure; and- a comparison of ecosystems with free or regulatedaccess and the ecosystems found within marineprotected areas. The measurable result will be acomparative analysis of societal costs according tothe means of production and valorisation of productsand ecosystems (WP7 and WP8). formulation of certain principles found within theframework of the code of conduct for responsiblefishing. The popularisation of the project will be thebest means of valorising the model and its applicationin the formulation of public policy linked to the futureof fishing in regions heavily dependent on fishingresources (WP10 and WP11). The measurable resultwill be the production of an interactive CD-Rom thatwill project regional effects (as soon as the basic datarequired by the model is available and integrated).Tools for vulgarisation are usually devised by the publicauthorities when new working methods are broughtout. For the purposes of this project, such tools areconsidered an element of added value for communityresearch; they must be broadcast as widely as possibleto communicate the knowledge of applied science tocivil society (WP12).The research suggested by the project team has thepotential to change the way fisheries are managed in theworld. The tools and methodologies that will be developedwill allow robust management strategies to be formulated,ensuring sustainability of marine ecosystems at the highestlevel and providing greater security to fishers and fishingcompanies. This will enable individuals in the fishing marketto make the most appropriate investment or disinvestmentdecisions, permit greater stability in communities dependentupon fisheries, and help diminish vulnerability in thesefragile systems.At a more global level, the project will have a strategicimpact on the formulation of national and internationalpolicies regarding the governance of ocean and costal zoneresources and ecosystems. This will lead to the developmentof better policies that alleviate societal problems developingcountries face, such as fish availability, poverty, externaldebt, etc.The results of the research will be disseminated in a numberof ways. First, a series of high quality research papers willbe produced and published in influential journals. Thesewill include journals covering fishery science (e.g. FisheriesResearch, ICES Journal, Canadian Journal of Fisheries andAquatic Science), fishery economics (e.g. Marine ResourceEconomics), fishery policy and sociology (e.g. Marine Policy,MAST) and potentially a range of other socio-economic,modelling, or decision-making journals. Project scientistswill also attend key subject-specific conferences (e.g. marinescience conferences, economics and social conferences)and formulate research direction based on the informationpresented. The objective of ‘professional’ dissemination isto ensure the research is of top international quality.Dissemination will also take place between fisheryscientists, economists, and sociologists via plenary meetingsand workshops held as part of the coordination activityof the project. These will be open to organisations notdirectly involved in the project, and will be a conduit formethodology and ideas to spread throughout key scientificand economic communities in the world.Developing Countries

COORDINATORDr Pierre FaillerUniversity of PortsmouthCentre for the Economics and Management ofAquatic Resources (CEMARE)BoatHouse H.M. Naval BasePortsmouth PO1 3LJUnited KingdomE-mail: Pierre.failler@port.ac.ukTel. (44-23) 92 84 40 85Fax (44-23) 92 84 40 37CONTRACTORSDr Villy ChristensenNorth Sea Centre (NSC)P.O. BOX 1049850 HirtshalsDenmarkE-mail: v.christensen@fisheries.ubc.caTel. (45) 98 94 41 88Fax (45) 98 94 48 33Dr Alkaly DoumboyaCentre National des SciencesHalientiques de Boussoura (CNSHB)B.P. 3738/39ConakryGuineaTel. (224) 21 08 71Fax (224) 4619 26Prof Jacques MoreauEcole nationale supérieure d’agronomie deToulouse (ENSAT)ToulouseFranceE-mail: moreau@ensat.frTel. (33) 562 19 39 05Fax (33) 562 19 39 01Dr Pierre ChavanceInstitut de recherche pour le développement(IRD)Rue LafayetteParisFranceE-mail: Pierre.chavance@ird.snTel. (221) 849 33 09Fax (221) 849 35 87Dr Maarten BavinckCentre for Maritime Research (MARE)Plantage Muidergracht 41018 TV AmsterdamNetherlandsE-mail: mbavinck@mail.siswo.uva.nlTel. (31-20) 527 06 61Fax (31-20) 622 94 30Dr Sonja TeelucksinghEconomic Measurement UnitDepartment of EconomicsUniversity of the west Indies (EMU)St Augustine Campus St AugustineTrinidad W.I.Trinidad and TobagoE-mail: ssteelucksingh@fss.uwi.ttFax (1-868) 662 65 55Serge ColletCentro di Ingegneria Economica SolialeContrada VermicelliUniversità della CalabriaE-mail: RAVENSWORDFISH@t-online.deTel. (49-40) 45 19 63Fax (49-40) 42 838François FeralUniversité de PerpignanThe University of Perpignan (Prof. Feral)withdrewCentre d’étude des politiques (CERTAP)FranceE-mail: feral@univ-perp.frTel. (33) 468 66 21 65Fax (33) 468 66 20 19Serge ColletGermanyE-mail: RAVENSWORDFISH@t-online.deTel. (49-40) 45 19 63Fax (49-40) 42 838Alfredo da SilvaInstituto Nacional de Estúdos e Pesquisa (INEP)BissauGuinea-BissauE-mail: alfredo.simao.dasilva@iucn.orgTel. (245) 20 11 68Fax (245) 20 12 30Mr Moustapha DèmeCentre de recherches océanographiques deDakar Thiaroye (CRODT)B.P. 2241DakarSenegalE-mail: mdeme@crodt.isra.snTel. (221) 834 05 36Fax (221) 834 27 92Dr Victor RuizInstituto Tecnológico de Santo DomingoEquipo de Investigación Social (EQUIS)Avenida de los Próceres, GaláSanto DomingoDominican RepublicE-mail: ongorongorita@hotmail.comTel. (809) 567 92 71Fax (809) 562 32 00Dr Karl AikenUniversity of West IndiesCentre for Marine Sciences (CMS)Mona CampusKingston 7JamaicaE-mail: kaaiken@uwimona.edu.jmTel. (876) 977 02 62Fax (876) 977 10 33Natural Resources

Mr N. Than PhuongCan Tho UniversityCollege of Aquaculture and Fisheries (CAF)3/2 Street Cantho CityVietnamE-mail: ntphuong@ctu.edu.vnTel. (84-71) 83 09 31 / 83 02 46Fax (84-71) 83 02 47 / 83 03 23Dr Shiyu LiZhongsdan UniversityCoastal and Ocean Research Centre (CORC)Guangzhou 510275ChinaE-mail: eeswcy@zsu.edu.cnTel. (86-20) 84 11 36 20Fax (86-20) 84 11 36 16Dr Ruangrai TokrisnaKasetsart UniversityFaculty of EconomicsDepartment of Agricultural and ResourceEconomics50 Paholyothin Road, JatujarkBangkok 10900ThailandE-mail: ruangrai.t@ku.ac.thTel. (66-2) 942 86 49 51Mobile: (66-1) 373 52 12Fax (66-2) 942 80 47Associate institutionsDr Ulf. WijkstromFood and Agricultural Organization ofthe United Nations (FAO)FIPPRomeItalyE-mail: Ulf.Wijkstrom@fao.orgTel. (39-06) 57 05 31 56Fax (39-06) 575 65 00Dr Benoît HoremansDepartment for International Development (DFID)Sustainable Fishery Livelihood Program (SFLP)c/o Via delle Terme di Cavacalla00100 RomeItalyE-mail: benoit.horemans@fao.orgTel. (39-06) 57 05 60 27Fax (39-06) 57 05 67 81Dr Carl-Christian SchmidtOrganisation économique pour le commerce etle développement (OECD)2, rue André Pascal75775 Paris Cedex 16FranceE-mail: Carl-Christian.SCHMIDT@oecd.orgTel. (33) 145 24 14 51Fax (33) 145 24 14 51Dr Mahfuz AhmedWorldFish Center (WFC)P.O. BOX 500, GPO10670 PenangMalaysiaE-mail: m.ahmed@cgiar.orgTel. (60-4) 226 13 73Fax (60-4) 626 55 30Dr Amadou Kane CiréCommission sous-régionale des pêches (CRSP)DakarSenegalE-mail: csrp@sentoo.snTel. (221) 834 55 80Fax (221) 834 44 13Dr Milton HaughtonCaribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM)P.O. BOX 642, Princess Margaret Dr.Belize CityBelizeE-mail: miltonhaughton@yahoo.co.ukTel. (501-2) 23 44 43Fax (501-2) 23 44 46Marleen BransK.U. LEUVEN KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVENPublic Management InstituteOude Markt 13Leuven E. Van Evenstraat 2ABE-3000 LEUVEN BelgiumTel. (32) 16 32 32 88Fax (32) 16 32 32 67E-mail: marleen.brans@soc.kuleuven.beDeveloping Countries

Towards effective involvement of local government in Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM)in river basins of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) regionPeriod: 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2007Budget from EC: EUR 1 148 852website: http://www.iclei-europe.org/index.php?id=1587Approximately 300 million people in Africa are affectedby water shortages. Poor water allocation, wasteful useof the resource, and the lack of adequate managementaction have been identified as three of the most significantfactors in the current lack of access to safe water supply.In this context, the LoGo Water project aims to explore thepotential contribution of local governments to mitigatethis situation through contributing to Integrated WaterResources Management (IWRM) at river basin level.The objectives of the project are: IWRM at international level; local governments in water management in the SADCregion; volvement of European local governments in IWRM in thelight of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the EU; governments in IWRM in the river basins of the SADCregion; local governments from effectively fulfilling such a rolein IWRM in the SADC region; actions aimed at adopting IWRM practices; international level; for the further application of IWRM and towards anincreased cooperation between EU and SouthernAfrican researchers; SADC region in order to raise awareness and encourageimplementation of IWRM in Southern Africa, directpolicies towards sustainability, and foster furtherresearch on the topic.Coordinator: Mr Wolfgang TeubnerICLEI European Secretariat GmbHConcerning the first eight objectives, a consortium of Africanand European researchers and major stakeholders in IWRMwill be established. The members of this consortium willexamine existing scientific findings and practical experiencesregarding local government involvement in IWRM and furtherbuild on this knowledge in consultation with additionalpartners, especially representatives of local governmentsin the region. The consortium partners will exchange anddiscuss their expertise and opinions via electronic means ofcommunication and during six partner meetings. As a resultof this exchange the consortium will produce overviewreports as a starting point for the later development ofstrategies, proposals for pilot projects, self-instructionmaterial, guidelines for local governments — as well as forother stakeholders — and future research. The collection ofrelevant inputs for these materials will be via two consultativeworkshops to be held with local governments and with awide range of stakeholders in IWRM.Concerning the last objective, regarding disseminationand further outreach, a website will be established andinformation material will be produced in print. In addition,a final seminar will be organised to bring together all targetgroups in the final phase of the project.The main result of the LoGo Water project will see localgovernments in the SADC region becoming more awareabout suitable policies and good management practicesin order to play their role in river basin management in ameaningful and effective way. They will also be able to usethe self-instruction material for building their knowledgeand skills on the issue. A tangible change in existing localpolicies and management structures will be initiatedthrough the implementation of the project proposalswhich will be developed during the project and carriedout afterwards, if funding can be secured. Furthermore,the promotion of the engagement of local governments insound IWRM achieved by LoGo Water will contribute to theachievement of the Millennium Development Goals, as wellas the implementation of the African Component of the EUNatural Resources

Water Initiative. Finally, European research will be enrichedby bringing together EU and African researcher and bymaking use of existing knowledge to ameliorate problemslike the water crisis and poor governance practices.The expected outputs will be the following: regarding the participation of local governments inIWRM and the state of the debate at internationallevel; and results of local government measures in Africarelated to the implementation of IWRM in the Incomati,Zambezi and Orange River basins and, in further detail,the Limpopo river basin; government in Europe and containing first conclusionsregarding the consequences of applying the EU WFD ata local level in Europe and focusing on the Rhine, Ebroand Danube River basins; on an effective role of local governments in IWRM; in fulfilling their role in IWRM, resulting from the twoconsultative workshops that will be held with the SADCregion local governments and the regional stakeholdersrespectively; in IWRM; proposals for IWRM pilot projects by and forassociated local governments; an implementationworkshop for the Limpopo river basin; and IWRM selfinstructionmaterial for local governments; facilitate an effective role of local governments inIWRM; on the topic and in the region; on local governments and IWRM, presentations atinternational events and other means of dissemination.COORDINATORMr Wolfgang TeubnerICLEI European Secretariat GmbH (ICLEI ES)International Training Centre (ITC)Leopoldring 379098 FreiburgGermanyE-mail: wolfgang.teubner@iclei-europe.orgTel. (49-761) 36 89 20Fax (49-761) 368 92 19CONTRACTORSDr Jeremy MeighNatural Environment Research CouncilCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford(CEH-W)MacLean Building, Crowmarsh GiffordWallingford X10 8BBUnited KingdomE-mail: jrm@ceh.ac.ukTel. (44-1491) 69 24 18Fax (44-1491) 69 22 38Dr Pedro Arrojo AgudoFundación Nueva Cultura del Agua (FNCA)Calle Almeía, 2650007 ZaragozaSpainE-mail: fnca@unizar.esTel. (34) 650 93 06 12Developing CountriesDr Patrick Barré MoriartyInternational Water and Sanitation CentreKnowledge Development and AdvocacyWestvest 7, P.O. Box 28692601 CW DelftNetherlandsE-mail: moriarty@irc.nlTel. (31-15) 219 29 44Fax (31-15) 219 09 55Ms Gertrude NgendaICLEI AfricaICLEI Africa Secretariat158 Loveday Street, Civic Centre, 11th Floor,Braamfontein2070 JohannesburgSouth AfricaE-mail: gertrude.ngenda@iclei.orgTel. (27-11) 407 67 35/36/29Fax (27-11) 403 09 22Myles ManderInstitute of Natural Resources (INR)67 St Patricks RoadPrivate Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209ScottsvilleSouth AfricaE-mail: manderm@nu.ac.zaTel. (27-333) 46 07 96Fax (27-333) 46 08 95Eng Ngoni Reginald Mudege(IRC) Institute of Water andSanitation Development (IWSD)Maarsdorp, 7, P.O. Box MP 422Mount Pleasant, HarareZimbabweE-mail: mudege@iwsd.co.zwTel. (263-4) 73 50 26/73 81 20/73 50 17Fax (263-4) 25 05 22Boitumelo V. KgarebeNational Food Technology Research CentrePrivate Bag 008 KanyeBotswanaE-mail: boitumelo@naftec.bw, bsc_botswana@botsnet.bwTel. (267) 544 04 41Fax (267) 544 07 13Isilda NhantumboInternational Union for the Conservation ofNature (IUCN)Mozambique OfficeFernão Melo e Castro, 23, P.O. Box 4770Maputo SommershieldMozambiqueE-mail: isildan.iucn@tvcabo.co.mzTel. (258-1) 49 05 99Fax (258-1) 49 08 12

Integrating multiple demands on coastal zones with emphasis on aquatic ecosystems and fisheriesPeriod: 01/05/2005 to 30/04/2008Budget from EC: EUR 4 899 480website: www.incofish.orgINCOFISH will conduct specifically targeted strategicresearch toward reconciling multiple demands on coastalzones. It will evaluate and integrate data, tools, and conceptssuitable to contributing to the goals set out by the WorldSummit for Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, suchas restoring healthy fish stocks and ecosystems by 2015.Coordinator: Dr Rainer FroeseChristian-Albrechts-UniversitätLeibniz Institut für MeereswissenschaftenThe tools and concepts resulting from INCOFISH researchwill be tested in real-world scenarios in selected coastalsystems worldwide. Together, they will form a package withthe potential to solve societal problems in the coastal zonesof Europe and developing countries alike. All data and toolswill be available online.INCOFISH will focus its research activities on the followingIntegrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) issues: in dealing with the ‘shifting baselines’ syndromeand provide sound reference points for resourcerestoration; establish authoritative species inventories and explorescenarios of global change and invasive species; zones as a basis for understanding resources; placement of marine protected areas; and provide best-practice guidelines; monitor sustainable fisheries; products and services and different managementregimes; coastal zones; understanding multiple demands on coastal zones; to all data and tools relevant for ICZM.Natural Resources

COORDINATORDr Rainer FroeseChristian-Albrechts-UniversitätLeibniz Institut für MeereswissenschaftenMarine EcologyDüsternbrooker Weg 2024118 KielGermanyE-mail: rfroese@ifm-geomar.deTel. (49-431) 600 45 79Fax (49-431) 600 16 99MANAGERDr Silvia OpitzChristian-Albrechts-UniversitätLeibniz Institut für MeereswissenschaftenMarine EcologyDüsternbrooker Weg 2024118 KielGermanyE-mail: sopitz@ifm-geomar.deTel. (49-431) 600 45 22Fax (49-431) 600 16 99CONTRACTORSProf Mauro FigueredoAções Para Preservação dos Recursos Naturais eDesenvolvimento Económico Racional (Aprender)Entidade EcológicaServidão do Jornalista, 15088058-724 Florianopolis/SCBrazilE-mail: mauro@aprender.org.brTel. (55-48) 369 17 28Fax (55-48) 369 02 71Dr Maria GasallaInstituto OceanográficoUniversidade de São PauloPraça do Oceanográfico191Cidade Universitária, Butantan05508-900 São Paulo, SPBrazilE-mail: mgasalla@usp.brDr Joe RyanCenter for IntegratedEnvironmental Management,CABAL S.A.Department of Tropical Coastal ManagementApartado 161 (P.O. Box)GranadaNicaraguaE-mail: nicavet2000@hotmail.comTel. (505-552) 50 49 , (505 777) 48 57Fax (505-552) 50-49Dr Ratana ChuenpagdeeCoastal Development Centre (CDC)50 Phaholyothin RoadChatuchak, BangkokThailandE-mail: rchuenpa@stfx.caTel. (902-867) 53 02Fax (902-867) 53 95Dr Stuart BanksCharles Darwin Foundation for the GalapagosIslands (CDF)Marine Research and Conservation (CDRS)Puerto Ayora, Santa Cruz Island, GalapagosEcuadorE-mail: danulate@fcdarwin.org.ecTel. (935-5) 252 61 46-222,(935-5) 252 61 47-222Fax (935-5) 252 61 46-102,(935-5) 252 61 47-102Dr John K. PinnegarThe Centre for Environment,Fisheries & Aquaculture (CEFAS)CEFAS Lowestoft LaboratoryPakefield RoadLowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HTUnited KingdomE-mail: j.k.pinnegar@cefas.co.ukTel. (44-1502) 56 22 44Fax (44-1502) 52 45 69Prof Francisco Arreguin-SanchezCentro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas delIPN (Cicimar)Departamento de Pesquerias y Biologia MarinaInstituto Politécnico Nacional(Playa el Conchalito) s/nLa Paz, Baja California SurMexicoE-mail: farregui@ipn.mx, farregui@hotmail.comTel. (52-612) 122 53 44, (52-612) 123 03 50Fax (52-612) 122 53 22Dr Poul HolmRoskilde Universitetscenter (RUC)Universitetsvej 14000 RoskildeDenmarkE-mail: ph@vuc.dkDr Dora Ann Lange CanhosCentro de Referência em Informação Ambiental(CRIA)Avenida Romeu Tórtima, 38813083-885 Campinas (SP)BrazilE-mail: dora@cria.org.brTel. (55-19) 32 88 04 66Fax (55-19) 32 49 09 60Dr Birane SambCentre de recherches océanographiques deDakar-Thiaroye (CRODT)km 10, Route de Rufisque, P.O. Box 2241DakarSenegalE-mail: bsambe@yahoo.fr, bsamb@crodt.isra.snTel. (221-834) 80 41Fax (221-834) 27 92Dr Herbert Constante Nion GiradoDirección Nacional de Recursos Acuáticos(Dinara)Departamento de Biologia PesqueraConstituyente 149711200 MontevideoUruguayE-mail: hnion@dinara.gub.uyTel. (598-2) 401 27 21Fax (598-2) 401 32 16Dr Heqin ChengEast China Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory ofEstuarine and Coastal ResearchZhongshan North Road 3663200062 ShanghaiChinaE-mail: hqch@sklec.ecnu.edu.cnTel. (86-21) 62 23 36 84Fax (86-21) 62 54 64 41Prof Gerd WinterUniversity of BremenForschungsstelle für Europäisches UmweltrechtUniversitätsallee GW 128359 BremenGermanyE-mail: gwinter@uni-bremen.deTel. (49-421) 218 28 40Fax (49-421) 218 74 90Developing Countries

Prof Manfred HinzUniversity of NamibiaFaculty of LawPrivate Bag 13301WindhoekNamibiaE-mail: okavango@mweb.com.naTel. (264-61) 20 63 62 20Fax (264-61) 206 37 03Dr Mary Ann P. BimbaoFishBase Information and Research Group, Inc.(FIN)10460 Lopez Avenue, Batong MalakeLos Baños, LagunaPhilippinesE-mail: mpbimbao44@yahoo.comTel. (63-2) 929 15 41Fax (63-2) 929 15 41Dr Daniela Coswig Kalikoski,Marcelo VasconcellosFundação de Apoio à Universidade do RioGrande (FAURG)Departamento de Geociências, Laboratório deManejo de Recursos NaturaisAvenida Italia km 8, Caixa Postal 47496203-000 Rio Grande RSBrazilE-mail: danielak@furg.br, mardani@vetorial.netTel. (55-53) 99 75 89 91Fax (55-53) 233 66 22Dr Carlos Benites RodriguezInstituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE)Demersal and Littoral ResourcesEsquina Gamarra y General Valle s/nCallaoPeruE-mail: cbenites@imarpe.gob.peTel. (51-1) 420 20 00Fax (51-1) 420 20 00Dr Jeremy MendosaInstituto Oceanográfico de VenezuelaVenezuelaE-mail: jmendoza@sucre.udo.edu.veDr Robert Kay (consultant)Stable Cottage Church FarmThornerUnited KingdomE-mail: robert@kayconsulting.com.auTel. (44-618) 93 84 57 45Fax (44-618) 93 84 68 65Dr Luca PalmeriUniversità degli Studi di PadovaFaculty of EngineeringDepartment of Chemical Processes EngineeringVia Marzolo 935131 PaduaItalyE-mail: lpalmieri@unipd.itTel. (39-049) 827 55 56Fax (39-049) 827 55 28Dr Lynne ShannonMarine and Coastal ManagementForetrust House, Martin Hammerschlag,Foreshore8012 Cape TownSouth AfricaE-mail: lshannon@mcm.wcape.gov.zaTel. (27-21) 402 31 71Fax (27-21) 421 74 06Dr Henn OjaveerUniversity of TartuEstonian Marine InstituteDepartment of Fisheries ResearchVana-Sauga 2880031 ParnuEstoniaE-mail: henn@sea.ee, henn@pc.parnu.eeTel. (372-44) 338 00Fax (372-44) 338 00Dr David J. StarkeyUniversity of HullMaritime Historical Studies CentreBlaydes House, 6 High StreetHull HU1 1NEUnited KingdomE-mail: D. J. Starkey@hull.ac.ukTel. (44-1482) 30 51 14Fax (44-1482) 30 51 16Prof Haigen XuNanjing Institute of Environmental SciencesDivision of Nature Conservation and Biodiversity8 Jiangwangmiao Street, P.O. Box 4202Nanjing 210042ChinaE-mail: xuhg@public1.ptt.js.cn, xuhgs@sina.comTel. (86-25) 85 47 37 13Fax (86-25) 85 47 37 13Ass Prof Sven KullanderNaturhistoriska riksmuseet (NRM)Department of Vertebrate ZoologyFrescativaegen 40104 05 StockholmSwedenE-mail: sven.kullander@nrm.seTel. (46-8) 51 95 41 16Fax (46-8) 51 95 42 12Ms Annabelle Cruz TrinidadFoundation for Alternative Management of theEnvironment (Primex)Primex-FameRm 502, Manila Luxury Condominium, PearlDrive, Ortigas Center1600 Pasig CityPhilippinesE-mail: abbie@trinidad.com.phTel. (63-2) 634 73 38Fax (63-2) 634 73 40Dr Vachira LheknimPrince of Songkla UniversityFaculty of ScienceDepartment of BiologyP.O. Box 3 Ko Hong90112 SongkhlaThailandE-mail: lvachira@ratree.psu.ac.thTel. (667-428) 85 34Fax (667-421) 29 17Dr Hernando ZambranoFundación Malpelo y Otros Ecosistemas MarinosCarrera 11 No. 87-51 Local 4Bogota, D.C.ColombiaE-mail: hzbio@hotmail.comTel. (57-1) 640 21 14Fax (57-1) 640 21 10Natural Resources

Dr Camilo Bernardo GarciaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaFacultad de CienciasDepartamento de BiologiaCarrera 30 Calle 45BogotaColombiaE-mail: cgarcia@invemar.org.coTel. (57-5) 431 57 60Fax (57-5) 431 57 60Dr Ussif Rashid Sumaila, Kevin StephanusUniversity of NamibiaFaculty of Agriculture & Natural ResourcesDepartment of Natural Resources & ConservationMandume Ndemufayo No. 340 Pioneers ParkWinhoekNamibiaE-mail: r.sumaila@fisheries.ubc.caTel. (264-61) 206 33 82Fax (264-61) 206 34 24Dr Hugo ArancibiaUniversidad de ConcepciónFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y OceanográficasDepartamento de OceanografíaBarrio Universitario s/n (Cabina 10)ConcepciónChileE-mail: harancibia@udec.clTel. (56-41) 20 35 36Fax (56-41) 23 06 42Dr Nicholas PoluninThe University of Newcastle upon TyneSchool of Marine Science and Technology6 Kensington TerraceNewcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RUUnited KingdomE-mail: npolunin@ncl.ac.ukTel. (44-191) 222 55 75Fax (44-191) 222 78 91Dr Moenieba IsaacsUniversity of the Western CapeProgramme for Land and Agrarian Studies(PLAAS)Modderdam Road7535 Belville, Cape TownSouth AfricaE-mail: misaacs@uwc.ac.zaTel. (27-21) 959 37 21/33Fax (27-21) 959 37 32 2Dr Graham PierceUniversity of AberdeenSchool of Biological SciencesDepartment of ZoologyTillydrone AvenueAberdeen AB24 2TZUnited KingdomE-mail: g.j.pierce@abdn.ac.ukTel. (44-1224) 27 24 59Fax (44-1224) 27 23 96Dr Günther ReckUniversidad San Francisco de QuitoInstituto de Ecología Aplicada (Ecolap)Via Interoceánica y Jardines del EsteQuitoEcuadorE-mail: gunter@mail.usfq.edu.ec, ecolap@mail.usfq.edu.ecTel. (593-2) 289 47 82Fax (593-2) 289 47 82Dr Nyawira MuthigaWildlife Conservation Society (WCS) — WesternIndian Ocean ProjectMarine ProgramKibaki Flats No. 12, Bamburi, Kenyatta Beach80107 MombasaKenyaE-mail: nmuthiga@wcs.orgTel. (254-733) 62 13 75Fax (254-41) 47 51 54Dr Claire ArmstrongUniversity of TromsøNorwegian College of Fishery ScienceDepartment of Economics and ManagementBreivikaTromsøNorwayE-mail: clairea@nft.uit.noTel. (47-7764) 55 74Developing Countries

Exploring tradeoffs around farming livelihoods and the environment: the AfricaNUANCES frameworkPeriod: 01/12/2004 to 31/05/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 399 871website: www.africanuances.nlThe primary aim of this project is to synthesise knowledgeand analyse trade-offs when implementing various soilfertility technologies for smallholder farmers in mixed crop/livestock systems, in humid and semi-humid East, Westand southern Africa. The emphasis will be on the efficiencyof targeting and use of nutrients and legume-based soilimproving technologies, with the output evaluated interms of costs, benefits and compromises in productivity,economics and environmental services. The strategicobjectives addressed are indicated below: rural livelihoods and their relationships with foodsecurity, sustainability and resilience of the naturalresource base; sustainable development of agricultural smallholderfarming systems; to evaluate approaches to sustainable intensification ofsmallholder agriculture in Africa.Coordinator: Prof Ken E. GillerWageningen UR farmers and regional stakeholder goals; at PhD level. to enable the identification of opportunities for enhancedproductivity and limits to sustainable production inhumid and semi-(sub)-humid ecosystems. research programmes on choices from ‘baskets’ oftechnologies to include in evaluations with farmers. through the use of existing networks. to provide syntheses of the project findings in termsof enabling policies and the major trade-offs betweenthe goals of sustainable agricultural intensification andimprovement of the environment.The project aims to carry out the following activities: socioeconomic knowledge of farm livelihoods and theireffects on environmental services; analyse African mixed crop/livestock systems, whichincludes nutrient, labour and economic balances, andeffects on environmental services; allocation across heterogeneous farms, and analyseinefficiencies in resource allocation, using the databaseand modelling tool; different scenarios concerning changes in policy, agrotechnology,markets, demographics and climate for theireffects on food security at farm level, and environmentalservices at regional level;Natural Resources

COORDINATORProf K. E. GillerWageningen URPlant Production SystemsPlant Sciences GroupHaarweg 3336709 RZ WageningenNetherlandsE-mail: Ken.Giller@wur.nlTel. (31-317) 48 58 18Fax (31-317) 48 48 92CONTRACTORSDr D. MugendiKenyatta UniversitySchool of Pure ScienceDepartment of Environmental FoundationP.O. Box 43844NairobiKenyaE-mail: dmugendi@yahoo.comTel. (254-2) 081 16 22-218Dr C. K. KaizziKawanda Agricultural Research InstituteSoil and Soil Fertility Management ProgrammeBombo road 13km, P.O. Box 7065KampalaUgandaE-mail: Landuse@infocom.co.ug,kckaizzi@hotmail.comTel. (256-41) 56 76 96Fax (256-41) 56 76 49Dr F. P. BaijukyaLake Zone Agricultural Researchand DevelopmentSoil Fertility and Land ManagementBukobaTanzaniaE-mail: Freddybai@yahoo.comTel. (255) 74 16 00 92 37Fax (255) 282 22 07 21Dr P. MapfumoUniversity of ZimbabweSoil Science & Agricultural EngineeringFaculty of AgricultureP.O. Box MP 167Mount Pleasant, HarareZimbabweE-mail: pmapfumo@agric.uz.ac.zwTel. (263-4) 30 32 11-1710Fax (263-4) 33 34 07M. MwaleMinistry of Agriculture and CooperativesMt. Makulu Central Research StationDepartment of Research and Specialist ServicesP.O. Box 7ChilangaZambiaE-mail: genetics@zamnet.zmTel. (260-1) 27 83 80Dr S. KantéInstitut d’économie ruraleÉquipe sur les systèmes de production et de gestionde ressources naturellesB.P. 186SikassoMaliE-mail: Salif.kante@ier.mlTel. (223) 262 00 28Fax (223) 262 03 49E. YeboahCouncil for Scientific and Industrial ResearchSoil Microbiology DivisionSoil Research InstituteAcademy Post Office, KwadasoKumasiGhanaE-mail: Eyeboah5@hotmail.comTel. (233-51) 503 53Fax (233-51) 503 08Dr D. NwagaUniversity of YaoundéBiotechnology Centre and Faculty of SciencesB.P. 337YaoundéCameroonE-mail: dnwaga@yahoo.fr;dnwaga@uycdc.uninet.cmTel. (237) 231 92 77Fax (237) 223 74 29Dr M. CorbeelsCentre de coopération internationale en rechercheagronomique pour le développementAgro-ecosystems ProgramAnnual Crops DepartmentAvenue Agropolis TA 74/0934398 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: Corbeels@cirad.frTel. (33) 467 61 56 43Fax (33) 467 61 71 60Dr J. SmithThe University Court of the University ofAberdeenSchool of Biological Sciences, CruickshankBuildingSt Machar DriveAberdeen AB24 3UUUnited KingdomE-mail: Jo.smith@abdn.ac.ukTel. (44-1224) 27 27 02Fax (44-1224) 27 27 03Dr G. C. PaciniUniversità degli Studi di Firenze — DISATDepartment of Agronomy and Land ManagementPiazzale della Cascine, 1850144 FirenzeItalyE-mail: cesare.pacini@unifi.itTel. (39) 553 28 82 52Fax (39) 55 33 24 72Dr A. AlbrechtInstitut de recherche pour le développement(IRD)Laboratoire MOST34394 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: aalbrecht@cgiar.orgTel. (254-20) 52 42 24Fax (254-20) 52 40 01Dr M. HerreroThe University of EdinburghSchool of GeoSciencesOld College, South BridgeEdinburgh EH9 3JGGUnited KingdomE-mail: Mario.Herrero@ed.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 667 43 84Developing Countries

Discovery Modelling Mediation Deliberation —InterfaceTools for Multistakeholder Knowledge Partnershipsfor the Sustainable Management of Marine Resources and Coastal ZonesPeriod: 01/01/2005 to 30/06/2007 (30 months)Budget from EC: EUR 280,000Website: http://www.c3ed.uvsq.fr/pasarelas/Policies to encourage research, knowledge exchange andscience applications for sustainable development mustaddress urgent social needs and also complex and difficultissues where knowledge is incomplete, values are in disputeand stakes are high. The traditional conception of a largelyoneway traffic of information from the experts to the public(and from developed countries to the developing ones, etc.)is being replaced by a more reciprocal partnership amongthose involved in the process. Such partnership necessarilyis constructed through close dialogue and co-operationof scientists and technical experts with policy makers,implementers and stakeholders, including full participationby experts with local knowledge in developing countries.This cannot happen by a cloistered approach to science andtechnology. Partnership for capacity building must respect theenvironmental and social circumstances of the host societies,and the variety and tensions within these societies. Peoplein all places and all walks of life have expertise in a rangeof practical matters. Mobilising knowledge for sustainabledevelopment therefore requires attention to the forms ofknowledge sharing. The goal overall of the PASARELASProject was to contribute to development of a North-Southcapacity for the production, deployment and exchange ofresearch and communication tools at the ‘interfaces’ ofdifferent sectors of society in the field of environmentalgovernance and sustainable development. With closereference to the concomitant INCO-DEV projects ‘ECOST’,‘INCOFISH’ and ‘CENSOR’, the consortium allied multistakeholderparticipatory approaches with the possibilitiesof the new multimedia information and visualisationtechnologies for the development of “mediation” ordialogue tools that encourage engagement of individualsand groups as “stakeholders” in environmental policy,management and governance processes for coastal zones,marine protected areas and associated fisheries resources.Coordinator: Prof Martin O’ConnorUniversité de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-YvelinesLearning about environmental governance challengeswas promoted through participation in procedures (realor simulated) of selection and deployment of indicatorsystems (e.g. computer supported visualisation of scenariosand territories, and multi-criteria evaluation of alternativescenarios for land use, for ecosystem protection andmanagement, for fisheries regulation and marketing,etc.). The multimedia tools and participation processeswere demonstrated through exploitation of data, modelsand institutional knowledge from ongoing INCO-DEVresearch projects, engaging policy authorities, territorialadministrations, higher education, private sector interests(e.g., fisheries, tourism, coastal zone agriculture), withoutreach perspectives to civil society in its various forms.Documentation was produced using on-line resources,CDrom, printed documents, and popular media (posters,video presentations, etc.). An important goal was to definein technical and legal terms, the basis for a permanenteducation-training-outreach programme includingpedagogic materials (1) disseminated as free web-basedinterfaces, (2) as products to be made available through“public good” exploitation agreements for teachingand learning contexts including schools, universities andterritorial administrations, (3) as basis for professionalservices useful to research institutions, companies,community networks and regulatory agencies.To this effect, four major events were convened bringingtogether partners in the PASARELAS project, the otherINCO-DEV projects and stakeholders from within thedifferent regions. These took place in July 2005 in Corsica(France), in March 2006 in Dakar (Senegal), in September2006 in Concepción (Chile) and finally in March 2007 inVenice (Italy).Natural Resources

COORDINATORProf Martin O’ConnorUniversité de VersaillesSaint-Quentin-en-Yvelines47 boulevard Vauban,78047 Guyancourt CedexFranceE-M: eger.ird@c3ed.uvsq.frTEL: (331) 39 25 53 75FAX: (331) 39 25 53 00PARTNERSMr Joachim SpangenbergSustainable Europe Research InstituteSchwarzspanierstrasse 4/81090 ViennaAustriaE-M: Fritz.hinterberger@seri.atProf Giuseppe MundaUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaFacultat de ciences economiques i empresarialsEdif. B08193 Bella TerraSpainE-M: Giuseppe.Munda@uab.esDr Malcom EamesPolicy Studies Institute100 Park Village EastNW1 3SR LondonUnited KingdomE-M: m.eames@psi.org.ukProf Carlo GiupponiFondazione ENI Enrico MatteiCampos Santa Maria FormosaCastello 525230122 VeniceItalyE-M: Carlo.giupponi@feem.itProf Enrico FeoliUniversity of TriestePiazza Europa 134127 TriesteItalyE-M: feoli@univ.trieste.itDr Gilberto Carlos GallopinEconomic Commission forLatin American and the Caribbean*179-D – SantiagoChileE-M: ggallopin@eclac.clDr Jim EwingUniversity of DundeeGardyne Road CampusDD5 1NY DundeeScotlandUnited KingdomE-M: J.M.Ewing@dundee.ac.ukDr Jeroen Van Der SluijsUniversiteit UtrechtFaculteit ScheikundeCopernicus Institute Developmentand Innovation,Padualaan 83584CH UtrechThe NetherlandsE-M: j.p.vandersluijs@chem.uu.nlDr Anil Anil K. GuptaSociety for Research & Initiatives for SustainableTechnologies & InstitutionsPO Box 15050 Ambawadi380015 AhmedabadIndiaE-M: anilg@iimahd.ernet.inDr Paul JeffreyCranfield UniversitySchool of Water SciencesMk 43 Oal BedfordshireUnited KingdomE-M: p.j.jeffrey@cranfield.ac.ukDr Ussif Rashid SumailaUniversity of NamibiaDepartment of Natural Resourcesand Conservation13301 WindhoekNamibiaE-M: r.sumaila@fisheries.ubc.caDr Jaime MendoUniversidad Nacional Agraria La Molina456 Lima 100Avenida la Universidad s/nLa MolinaPeruE-M: Jmendo@lamolina.edu.peDr Diaw TahirouUniversité Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD)Ecole Supérieure de Polytechnique, LaboratoireB.P. 5005, DakarSénégalE-M: Adiaw@ucad.snDr Heqin ChengEast China Normal UniversityState Key Laboratory of Estuarine and CoastalResearchZhongshan North Road 3663200062 ShanghaiChinaE-M: hqch@sklec.ecnu.edu.cnDr Patrice CayreInstitut de Recherche pour le DéveloppementDirection du département de ressources vivantes209-213 rue La Fayette75480 Paris cedex 10FranceE-M: drv@paris.ird.frDr Pierre FaillerUniversity of PortsmouthBoat House No 6, College RoadH.M. Naval BasePortsmouth PO1 3LJUnited KingdomE-M: pierre.failler@port.ac.ukProf Wolf E. Arntz 1Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and MarineResearchComparative Ecosystem Research27515 BremerhavenGermanyE-M: warntz@awi-bremerhaven.deDr Weng Tat ChanNational University of SingaporeTropical Marine Science Institute14 Kent Ridge Road119293SingaporeE-M: cvecwt@nus.edu.sgDr Rainer FroeseUniversity of KielLeibniz Institute for Marine Research, IfM-GEOMARDüstembrooker Weg 2024105 KielGermanyE-M: rfroese@ifm-geomar.de* subcontractor1Retired at the time of printingDeveloping Countries

Earth Observation Initiative in former homeland of South Africa in support of EU activitieson land degradation and integrated catchment managementPeriod: 01/01/2006 – 30/06/2007Budget from EC: EUR 188,000website: www.brgm.fr/brgm/Fichiers/europe/EO_LANDEG.pdfThe Action Plan of NEPAD (New Partnership for AfricanDevelopment) and the 6th Community EnvironmentalAction Programme (EAP) of the EU have identified povertyalleviation via rational use of natural resource and ecosystemprotection as a priority. This is a particularly sensitive issuein South Africa because of its political past and the creationof bantustan states without planning or development policyand where natural resources (vegetation, wetland, water,soil and vulnerable spring ecosystems) are being depleted.The aim of this SSA is to strengthen a multi-task research teamcurrently involved in integrated catchment managementprogrammes and to contribute to EU experience in relevantscientific projects.Coordinator: Dr Stéphane ChevrelBureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM)The catchment of the former Transkei homeland correspondsto semi-humid/semi-arid vulnerable ecosystems. This pilotaction on a site will include activities, such as assessing therelevance of current research and available Earth Observation(EO) tools and data sets to support conservation measuresand adequate management strategies. Networking with EUand African teams embarked on similar research project willbe instrumental in achieving the objectives.Dissemination of results and education will also be a majorcomponent of the project, involving local stakeholders,universities, schools and the community. Land and ecosystemdegradation and resource depletion in homelands includeinteraction between natural (geology, soil, hydrology,climatology) and societal (history, demography, land-usepractices) issues. These disadvantaged regions are believedto be in resource terms representative of severely affectedregions elsewhere and hence make an invaluable test areato develop the proposed EO initiative. The direct benefit ofthe SSA will be a training centre for EU researchers, who willhave access to a scientifically very attractive opportunity,backed by invaluable local knowledge and expertise. It willof direct support to the implementation future activitiesunder the 7th Framework Programme.Natural Resources

COORDINATORDr Stéphane ChevrelBureau de Recherches Géologiques et MinièresLand Use Planning and Natural Risks39-43 Quai André Citroën – Tour MirabeauParisFranceE-mail stephane.chevrel@brgm.frTel +33-2 38 64 34 95Fax +33-2 38 64 33 99CONTRACTORSDr Luc Pierre ChevallierCouncil for GeoscienceWestern Cape Unit280 Pretoria Street - SilverstonePretoriaSouth AfricaTel +27-21-948 47 57Fax +27-21-948 87 88Dr Caryll TysonGeospatial and Remote Sensing Services cc19 Bartholomew StreetGrahamstownSouth AfricaTel +27-46-622 43 14Fax +27-46-622 43 54Developing Countries

Main uses of the Grey mullet as indicator of litoral environmental changesPeriod: 01/11/2006 to 30/04/2009 (30 months)Budget from EC: EUR 164,958Website: www.mugil.univ-montp2.fr/Coordinator: Dr Jacques PanfiliInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)The particular status of estuaries, deltas and lagoons incoastal areas, located at the interface between sea andriver influences, results in highly variable environmental andecological conditions that shift over space and time. Thecombined effects of climatic changes and human activitieshave tremendous consequences on these ecosystems. Theconservation of these environments is one of the biggestchallenges for humanity. In order to achieve an integratedmanagement, researchers, ecologists and managers try toselect relevant indicators, which could be used as tracers ofthe state of estuarine areas. These indicators are generallychosen among living species or physicochemical parametersor a combination of both.Among the fish species living in estuaries, very few occupythese ecosystems in more than one oceanic region. However,there is one particular species, Mugil cephalus (Mugilidae),which is found worldwide and is cosmopolitan in almost alltropical coastal estuarine zones, but also in temperate ones.This species is able to live and reproduce in widely differenthabitats. The mechanisms, which are involved in this process,are poorly known or are studied separately in each area.Moreover this species and related ones support importantfisheries, especially in developing countries. The aim of theMUGIL project is to choose the species Mugil cephalus asa biological model, to build an observation network and tocoordinate the action of using this species as an indicator ofthe integrity of estuarine areas by analysing the genetic, thelife history traits and the physiological responses.The MUGIL project covers four areas distributed worldwide(Europe, Africa, Asia and America) and involves collaboratorsfrom southern Europe (France, Spain, Greece) and INCOpartner countries (Mexico, Senegal, Benin, South Africa,Taiwan). It is based on collecting and collating all informationavailable on the species Mugil cephalus around the worldinside the four main areas (Europe, Africa, Asia and America)and on a worldwide coordination of research actions withinfour research fields: population genetics, life history traits(growth and reproduction), migration and physiologicalresponses to salinity and pollution. Through seminars andspecific workshops, MUGIL will allow selecting relevantmethodologies in terms of sampling strategy, analyticalmethods and biological survey shared by the consortium.Both the wide range of the concerned populations and thediversity of the proposed study sites, allow testing differentscenarios and trying to identify trends at the individual,population, metapopulation and species levels. Finally itaims at proposing this species as a sentinel using selectedtools to follow littoral environmental changes through a newSTREP proposal within the 7th Framework Programme.Natural Resources

COORDINATIONDr Jacques PanfiliInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD)213 rue La Fayette75480 Paris Cedex 10FranceE-M: panfili@ird.frTEL: (33)4 67 14 41 23FAX: (33)4 67 14 37 19PARTNERSProf Claude CasellasCentre National de laRecherche Scientifique (CNRS)1919 route de Mende34293 Montpellier Cedex 16FranceE-M: casellas@univ-montp2.frTEL: (33)4 67 54 80 64FAX: (33)4 67 54 86 95Dr Papa Samba DioufWorld Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)Western African Marine EcoRegion (WAMER)9639 Sacré Coeur IIIB.P. 22928DakarSénégalE-M: psdiouf@wwfsenegal.orgTEL: (221) 869 37 00FAX: (221) 869 37 02Dr Domingo Flores HernándezUniversidad Autónoma de CampecheCentro EPOMEX (UAC – EPOMEX)Av. A. Melgar Entre Juan de la Barrera y Calle 20P.O. Box 52024030 CampecheMéxicoE-M: FloresDom@netscape.netTEL: (52) 981 811 16 00FAX: (52) 981 811 98 00Dr Francisco Javier Garcia de LeónCentro de InvestigacionesBiológicas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR)Mar Bermejo No. 195, Col. Playa Palo de SantaRitaP.O. Box 12823090 La Paz, B.C.S.MéxicoE-M: fgarciadl@cibnor.mxTEL: (52-612) 123 85 53FAX: (52-612) 123 36 25Dr Philippe LaleyeUniversité d’AbomeyCalavi (FSA/UAC)01 B.P. 526CotonouBeninE-M: laleye@bj.refer.orgTEL: (229) 21 36 17 58FAX: (229) 21 36 17 58Prof Beatriz Morales-NinUniversidad Islas Baleares (UIB)Carretera Valldemossa km.7,507122 Palma de MallorcaSpainE-M: beatriz.morales@uib.esTEL: (34) 971 61 17 21FAX: (34) 971 61 17 61Wann-Nian TzengInstitute of Fisheries ScienceNational Taiwan University (IFS-NTU)No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road106 TaipeiTaiwanE-M: wnt@ntu.edu.twTEL: (886-2) 23 63 95 70FAX: (886-2) 23 63 95 70Dr Vassiliki VassilopoulouHellenic Centre forMarine Research (HCMR)46,7 km Athens Sounion BdP.O. Box 71219013 Mavro Lithari, AnavyssosGreeceE-M: celia@ncmr.grTEL: (30-210) 985 67 06FAX: (30-210) 981 17 13Dr Alan WhitfieldSouth African Institute forAquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)Somerset StreetP. B. 10156140 GrahamstownSouth AfricaE-M: A.Whitfield@ru.ac.zaTEL: (27-46) 603 58 29FAX: (27-46) 622 24 03Developing Countries

Management of indigenous tree species for ecosystem restoration and wood productionin semi-arid Miombo woodlands in East AfricaPeriod: 01/11/2006 – 31/10/2008Budget from EC: EUR 189,266Coordinator: Dr Sauli ValkonenFinnish Forest Research InstituteManagement of indigenous tree species for the restorationof ecosystems, management of the water balance, provisionof resources for rural livelihood and sustainable productionof wood are of great importance in semi-arid East andSouth Africa. Without effective measures, the deteriorationof ecosystems including desertification, and poverty andrural depopulation will increase.The establishment and management of plantation forests withexotic species have neither fulfilled commercial expectationsnor benefited rural populations as much as expected. Themanagement of native trees and forests with the intensiveinvolvement of local communities seems to be a keyalternative. Women in particular have shown great interest inestablishing and managing tree crops and stands. About 90%of the energy consumption in Tanzania is derived from wood,mostly from overexploited indigenous woodlands.The project focuses on developing methods for themanagement of indigenous forests of semi-arid East Africa.Communication and application of established researchmethods will be organised by initiating experimental studiesin Tanzania and integrating this with coaching of Tanzanianresearchers. The local farmers and communities will beconsulted for understanding of local needs, expectations andpractices. Extension work, and cooperation with researchersin East and South African countries will be initiated.Experimental and demonstration plots will be establishedto serve as a staging ground for demonstration andapplication of study methodologies appropriate for complexstand structures and dynamics, natural regeneration,growth periodicity of trees in the area, and pest problemsas tree herbivore interactions. The project activities will alsoinclude internal seminars and workshops, several exchangeassignments of 1-3 months each in Finland and Tanzania,group visits to experimental sites and local offices, and aninternational seminar organized in Tanzania.Natural Resources

COORDINATORDr Sauli ValkonenFinnish Forest Research InstituteMetla, Vantaa Research UnitUnioninkatu 40 AHelsinkiFinlandE-mail Sauli.Valkonen@metla.fiTel (358-10) 211 32 26Fax (358-10) 211 22 03CONTRACTORSProf Keikki RoininenUniversity of JoensuuDept of BiologyTulliportinkatu 1JoensuuFinlandTel (358-35) 251 35 72Fax (358-35) 251 35 90Dr Gert NybergSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesDept of Forest EcologyUmeaSwedenTel (46-90) 786 82 55Fax (46-90) 786 77 50Prof Luther Lutango LulandalaSokoine Agricultural UniversityFaculty of Forestry and Nature ConservationChuo KikuuMorogoroTanzaniaE-mail: llulandala@yahoo.comTel (255-23) 26 03 51 14/4631Fax (255-23) 26 03 51 14Mr Lawrence MbamboTanzania Forestry Research InstituteDirectorate for Forest Utilisation ResearchMorogoroTanzaniaTel (255-23) 261 44 98Fax (255-23) 261 37 25Developing Countries

Dissemination of research results in semi-arid and arid ecosystems with a focuson sustainable water resource management in EthiopiaPeriod: 01/10/2006 – 31/03/2008Budget from EC: EUR 270,000website: waterman.boku.ac.atThis SSA focused on the analysis and dissemination ofresearch results in sustainable, integrated water resourcemanagement at river-basin scale within Ethiopia.WATERMAN was a resubmission of a proposal submittedearlier (INCO-DEV Sept. 2004), which was rated as being“highly relevant” and passed all thresholds, but was notretained for funding because of budgetary restrictions.In accordance to the overall remarks made in the EvaluationSummary Report, the following changes have been adoptedin the new proposal: relevant European partners; approaches has been added to the list of sub-topicsdealt with in the project and was central as from thekick-off meeting. consortium to increase the dissemination and impact ofthe SSA results, both nationally and internationally.Coordinator: Prof Willibald LoiskandlUniversität für Bodenkultur (BOKU) WienThe 18-month project activities included: (a) three workshopsat each of the Ethiopian universities, (b) a scientific ProjectPlan Award and © an international symposium. All activitiesfocused on strategies and actions for enhanced andsustainable economic productivity with four sub-topics:1. Use of participatory approaches to integrate socioeconomic,ethical and gender issues into research anddissemination to shorten impact times and increasebroad uptake;2. Integrated water supply and resource management(innovative, multi-purpose utilisation, competingdemands);3. Agriculture and irrigation (recycling, reuse, preventerosion at source);4. Salinity, water logging and soil fertility.Natural Resources

COORDINATORProf Willibald LoiskandlUniversität für Bodenkultur (BOKU)Department of Water-Atmosphere-EnvironmentInstitute of Hydraulics and Water ManagementDepartment of Civil Engineering and NaturalHazardsInstitute of Applied GeologyGeorg Mendel Strasse 33ViennaAustriaFax +43-13 60 06 54 99CONTRACTORSDr Tim HessCranfield UniversityInstitute of Water and EnvironmentCranfield – BedfordshireUKFax +44-15 25 86 33 44Prof Svatopluk MatulaCzech University of AgricultureFaculty of Agrobiology, Food and NaturalResourcesDepartment of Soil Science and GeologyKamycka 129Prague 6Czech RepublicFax +420-234 38 18 35Dr Behailu MintesinotMekelle UniversityFaculty of Geology231 MekelleEthiopiaFax +251-34 40 93 04Dr Tena AlamirewHaramaya UniversityFaculty of Agriculture (Agricultural Engineering)Dire DawaEthiopiaFax +251-256 61 07 19Dr Fisha GetachewDebub UniversityVP Academics and ResearchTechnology FacultyAwassaEthiopiaFax +251-620 54 21Dr Seleshi Bekele AwulachewInternational Water Management InstituteSub-Regional Office for Nile Basin and East AfricaILRI-Ethiopia CampusCMC Road, Bole Sub City (Woereda 17 Kebele21)Addis AbabaEthiopiaFax +251-146 12 52Dr Tilahun HordofaEthiopian Institute of Agricultural Research2003 Addis AbabaEthiopiaFax +251-146 12 94Ms Mary Jo KakindaCommunity Development Resource NetworkParticipatory Ecological Land Use ManagementPlenumPlot 433 Balintuma Road NakulabyeKampalaUgandaFax +256-41 53 42 99Dr Benedict Mwavu MutuaEgerton UniversityDepartment of Agricultural EngineeringP.O. Box 53620107 NjoroKenyaFax +254-516 24 42Developing Countries

Innovative tools and techniques for sustainable use of the shea tree in Sudano-Sahelian zonePeriod: 01/12/2006 to 30/11/2010Budget from EC: EUR 1 799 972website: inco-innovkar.cirad.frThe shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) is an important speciesfor the production of edible vegetable fat and personalcare products, processed from the dried kernel of its fruits.It shows a high potential for income generation and foodsecurity in the Sudano-Sahelian zone. To improve thesustainable production in terms of both quantity and qualityand in order to promote trade with shea products, anintegrated and innovative research approach that couplesbiophysical, biological, chemical and socio-economicmethods will be applied by the INNOVKAR project team. Theimpact of climate change in the shea tree will be studied bymodelling its distribution under climate change scenariosand assessing the resilience of the populations when facedto drought using ecophysiological variables.Coordinator: Dr Jean-Marc BouvetCentre de coopération internationale en rechercheagronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)Research on post-harvest quality control will beundertaken to improve the butter for export markets. Thepatterns and trends of shea commodity chains and theroles of market participants involved in the production,marketing and consumption of the products will also beinvestigated. The results will be synthesised, translated asoperational recommendations and disseminated through aparticipative process.Analyses of the impact of global change on naturalregeneration and genetic diversity will be undertaken, fruitproduction in parklands assessed, as well as predicting thelong-term effects by elaborating forest dynamic models.Both activities will allow the elaboration of a strategy formanaging resources for medium and long term sustainableuse. The valorisation of origins and farmer varieties willbe studied by characterising the genetic resources, usingchemical variables for edible fat and testing their newanti-oxidant properties for the development of personalcare markets.The traceability of the fruit and shea butter at the differentstages of processing, from fruit to butter, will be studiedusing innovative techniques. New methodologies based onnear infrared spectrometry will be tested to improve lowcost, environmentally friendly chemical analyses.Health and public health

COORDINATORDr Jean-Marc BouvetCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)Forestry Department — UR39Rue Scheffer 4275116 ParisFranceE-mail: jean-marc.bouvet@cirad.frTel. (33) 46 759 37 28Fax (33) 46 759 37 33CONTRACTORSDr Jon LovettUniversity of YorkEnvironment DepartmentCentre for Ecology, Law and Policy (CELP)HelsingtonYO10 5DD YorkUnited KingdomE-mail: jl15@york.ac.ukTel. (44-1904) 43 40 63Fax (44-1904) 43 29 98Dr Lars GraudalThe Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University(KVL)Danish Centre for Forest and PlanningManagement of Forest Genetic ResourcesHoersholm Kongevej 112970 HørsholmDenmarkE-mail: lgr@kvl.dkTel. (45) 35 28 16 16Fax (45) 35 28 15 17Jari AlanderKarlshamns ABBusiness Area Oils & FatsBusiness Sector Lipids for Care, R&D37482 KarshamnSwedenE-mail: jari.alander@karlshamns.seTel. (46-454) 825 15Fax (46-454) 75 20 25Dr Jochen StatzUNIQUE Forestry Consultants, GmbHSection Marketing of Forest ProductsEgonstraße 51-5379199 FreiburgGermanyE-mail: staz.jochen@unique-forst.deTel. (49-761) 156 07 66Fax (49-761) 156 07 67Dr Sanou HabyInstitut d’Economie RuraleRue Mohamed V, 258BamakoMaliE-mail: haby.sanou@ier.mlTel. (223-22) 464 28Fax (223-22) 237 75Dr Ismalia DialloInstitut sénégalais de recherches agricolesCentre National de Recherche Forestières (CNRF)Hann, Bel Air, 3120DakarSenegalE-mail: isdiallo@hotmail.comTel. (221-832) 32 19Fax (221-832) 96 17Dr Boukary DialloCentre national de la recherche scientifique ettechnologiqueDepartement Productions Forestières / INERAP.O. Box 7047, 03 OuagadougouBurkina FasoE-mail: ousboukdiallo@yahoo.frTel. (226-50) 33 40 98Fax (226-50) 31 49 38Dr John Bosco Lamoris OkulloMakerere UniversityFaculty of Forestry and Nature ConservationDepartment of Forest Biology and EcosystemsManagementP.O. Box 7062KampalaOugandaE-mail: jbokullo@forest.mak.ac.ugTel. (256-41) 54 36 47Fax (256-41) 43 35 74Dr Joshua YidanaUniversity of Development StudiesFaculty of AgricultureP.O. Box 1350TamaleGhanaE-mail: joshuaadamyidana@yahoo.comTel. (233-71) 2442 10036Fax (233-71) 236 75Developing Countries

Innovative management of Acacia senegal trees to improve resource productivityand gum-arabic production in sub-Saharan AfricaPeriod: 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2010Budget from EC: EUR 1 799 999website: http://inco-acaciagum.cirad.fr/The overall objective is to enhance the sustainablemanagement and use of natural Acacia senegal treeresources thereby supporting the environment andlivelihoods in arid and semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa.A potential solution to land degradation is to promote theutilisation, regeneration and planting of a native underutilisedlegume tree: Acacia senegal, the main speciesin the world producing the internationally traded gumarabic.In order to mitigate land degradation and enhancesustainability of farming systems, the overall objective of theproject is to provide tools to promote use and sustainablemanagement of A. senegal tree resources. The goal is tocombine high gum quality and increased gum productionwith sustainable tree management.The project will use a multidisciplinary approach focusingon the socio-economic viability of the gum-arabiccommodity chain under different tree management and/orsite conditions (climate and soil type) on: interactions.The project team has initiated the following researchactivities, organised in different Work Packages: and constraints in A. senegal management in orderto ascertain user priorities with respect to differentactivities (tree planting, tapping, gum picking, fodderharvest, crop associations, etc) and factors influencingtheir decisions (Work Package 1); institutional organisation of supply chain networkswith the dynamics of innovation regimes in gum-arabicproduction and their implications for rural livelihoods(Work Package 2); environment and tree management on gum yield andCoordinator: Dr Didier LesueurCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)quality in multiple A. senegal based systems, and toinvestigate the consequences of tree management forassociated crop production (Work Package 3); genetic variation and identify and understand the basisof variation in gum quality/yield (Work Package 4); soil microbial communities involved in the N cycle andthe capacity of A. senegal trees to produce gum-arabicin different environmental conditions and to rehabilitatedegraded lands (Work Package 5); packaged and made available to different stakeholdersin a form that is appropriate to each of them (WorkPackage 6).In the course of the project, each Work Package (WP) isexpected to produce specific results: relevant dimensions that shape the diversity in ‘Acaciarelated livelihoods’, and also understanding of theirmain drives in the management of the resource; gum producers and the determinants of bargainingpower between different supply chain agents.Delimitation of the opportunities and constraints for‘valuing’ innovative management of Acacia senegaltree supply chains; and genetic determinants of gum-arabic production byA. senegal, disseminated to scientists, policy-makers,plantation managers and local farmers in targetcountries. Improved tapping management and treemanagement techniques adopted by workers andfarmers in target countries, resulting in increased gumyields and improved management of associated crops; environmental factors in gum quality / yield variationand optimised provenance selection for target farmsites, maximising gum production; maintain a sustainable gum-arabic production, farmersNatural Resources

outinely use microsymbiont inoculants to establishnew plantations, and mature trees to stimulate treevigour and gum-arabic production; technology transfer from different work packagesevaluated and prioritised, specific dissemination/technology transfer packages prepared and suitabledissemination/technology transfer pathways developedand implemented.COORDINATORDr Didier LesueurCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)Forest DepartmentAddress 1Forest DepartmentCampus international de Baillarguet, TA 10/C34398 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: didier.lesueur@cirad.frTel. (33) 467 59 37 92Fax (33) 467 59 37 32Address 2Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Instituteof CIAT,World Agroforestry Centre, Unit of Research‘Ecosystems of plantations’P.O. Box 30677NairobiKenyaE-mail: d.lesueur@cgiar.orgTel. (254) 723 91 67 67Fax (254-20) 722 47 77CONTRACTORSDr David OdeeKenyan Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI)P.O. Box 20412, Kefri-Kari road, Off Nairobi,Navaisha HighwayNairobiKenyaE-mail: dodee@africaonline.co.keTel. (254) 663 23 53Fax (254) 663 28 44Dr Cees LeeuwisWageningen Universiteit6701 BH WageningenNetherlandsE-mail: cees.leeuwis@wur.nlTel. (31-317) 48 43 10Fax (31-317) 48 60 94Dr Alzouma Mayaki ZoubeirouUniversité Abdou MoumouniB.P. 10662NiameyNigerE-mail: alzoumazoub@yahoo.frTel. (227) 73 31 16Fax (227) 73 24 35Dr Julia WilsonNatural Environment Research CouncilPolaris House, North Star AvenueSwindon SN2 1EUUnited KingdomE-mail: jwi@ceh.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 445 43 43Fax (44-131) 445 39 43Ntoupka MamaAddress 1Pôle de recherches appliquées des savanesd’Afrique centraleB.P. 764, Route de FarchaN’djamenaChadE-mail: ntoupka_mama@yahoo.frAddress 2Institute of Agricultural Research forDevelopmentB.P. 222MarouaCameroonE-mail: ntoupka_mama@yahoo.frTel. (237) 985 29 18Fax (237) 229 14 16Dr Diegane DioufUniversité Cheikh Anta DiopB.P. 5005DakarSenegalE-mail: diegane.diouf@ird.snTel. (221) 849 38 72Fax (221) 832 16 75Dr Komi AssigbetseInstitut de recherche pour le développementAddress 1213, rue Lafayette75480 ParisFranceE-mail: komi.assigbetse@ird.snAddress 2Département des ressources vivantes, UR SeqBioCentre de Bel Air, B.P. 1386DakarSenegalE-mail: komi.assigbetse@ird.snTel. (221) 849 33 80Fax (221) 832 16 75Dr Ismaila DialloAddress 1Institut sénégalais de recherche agricoleHann-Bel Air, B.P. 3120DakarSenegalE-mail: isdiallo@hotmail.comTel. (221) 832 32 19Fax (221) 832 96 17Address 2Centre national de recherches forestièresRoute des Pères Maristes, B.P. 2312DakarSenegalE-mail: isdiallo@hotmail.comTel. (221) 832 32 19Fax (221) 832 96 17Developing Countries

VGT Work How space helps to manage ecosystemsPeriod: 01/01/2007 – 31/12/2008Budget from EC: EUR 357,800Coordinator: Dr Else SwinnenVlaamse Instelling voor Technologish Onderzoek N.V.When African policy makers (governments, nationalinstitutions, etc) have to manage their environmentalresources, they need reliable information on which to basetheir decisions. A combination of various European R&Dprojects’ results and of the EDF funded MTA project allowsall meteorological services in Africa to receive data andstart using low resolution advanced products.The project is targeted to and includes two African partners,i.e. the AGRHYMET Regional Centre in Niamey for the Frenchspeaking countries in Western Africa, and the Botswana MetOffice in Gaborone for English speaking countries.These 10 daily products are derived from data acquired by theVEGETATION instruments onboard the SPOT satellites anddisseminated by EUMETSAT in near real time to all PUMAreceiving stations through the EUMETCAST system. Thesedifferent products are useful for African Earth Observationexpertsworking in the field of operational environmentalmonitoring, but unfortunately are not yet sufficiently used.This is due to a lack in local capacity in the use andinterpretation of these products in an operationalenvironment. This project therefore focuses on local capacitybuilding in order to allow mandated institutions to integratethe stream of satellite data in their pre-existing operationalreporting and assessment activities (e. g. production ofbulletins) in support of well identified environmental policiesand decision makers, both at national and at regional level.As such, the scientific and technical expertise, developed inEurope, should flow towards Africa.This project aims at bridging the gap between the EarthObservation (EO) experts who have access to data acquiredby PUMA receiving stations and the end-users who needinformation on environmental condition to sustain theirdecision-making process or to manage the environmenton a day-to-day basis. It focuses on the exploitation of thisdata for operational applications.Natural Resources

COORDINATORDr Else SwinnenVlaamse Instelling voor Technologish OnderzoekN.V.TAP, Remote Sensing DepartmentBoeretang 200MolBelgiumFax (32-14) 32 27 95CONTRACTORSDr Etienne BartholoméJoint Research CentreInstitute for Environment and SustainabilityGlobal Environment Monitoring UnitRue de la Loi 200, SDME 10/78BrusselsBelgiumFax (39-0332) 78 90 73Dr Marc LeroyMedias-FranceCNES18 Avenue Edouard BelinToulouseFranceFax (33) 561 28 29 05Mr André NonguiermaCentre Régional de Formation et d’Application enAgrométéorologie et Hydrologie OpérationnelleDépartement Information et Recherche0425 – 001 Boulevard de l’UniversitéNiameyNigerFax (227) 20 31 54 35Mr Isaac Modise KusaneBotswana Meteorological ServicesDepartment of Meteorological ServicesPlot. No 54216, Corner Maaloso MetsimotihabeRoadGaboroneBotswanaFax (267) 395 62 82Developing Countries

Integrated trans-boundary river management policy developmentPeriod: 01/04/2007 – 30/06/2008Budget from EC: EUR 148,850website: www.macaulay.ac.uk/INTREPIDLivelihoods in semi-arid areas depend upon a biologicalresource base underpinned by access to water. Withincreasing human populations and water stress comepressures to harness water resources for ‘higher economicvalue’ uses, instead of an integrated approach that includesprovisions for ecosystem conservation and livelihoodsustainability.Nowhere is this lack of integration more prevalent thanin the semi-arid regions of Africa. The linkages betweenIntegrated Water Resource Management (IWRM),Sustainable Livelihoods (SL) and Biodiversity Conservation(BC) are poorly known. River basin management,biodiversity conservation and livelihood programmes inAfrica have evolved independently, with often overlappingand/or conflicting goals and responsibilities.Coordinator: Dr Kevin UramaMacauley Land Use Research InstituteThe SSA provided a platform for policy makers, practitionersand researchers to consolidate expertise on African IWRMsystems and draw on experiences from the implementationof the EU-Water Framework Directive with a view topromote and reinforce the vital synergies between IWRM,BC and SL.The Mara River Basin system in Kenya and Tanzaniaformed the case study for this project. It is hoped thatthe principles and outcomes derived from this SSA couldprovide an integrated framework to support future policydevelopment and research covering other vulnerable riverbasins throughout the semi-arid Africa.The result has been persistent intra- and trans-boundaryconflicts; leading to increasing poverty and declinesin biological diversity. The INTREPID project addressedthis disparity by recognising that IWRM, BC and SL areirretrievable linked and that water management and policyinitiatives focusing on individual aspects are likely to fail.It aimed, therefore, to resolve this gap by initiating andpromoting inter-disciplinary and international collaborationto integrate sustainable water resource management,biodiversity conservation and livelihoods using the MaraRiver Basin as a case study.Natural Resources

COORDINATORDr Kevin UramaMacauley Land Use Research InstituteSocio-economic Research ProgrammeMacauley Drive, CraigiebucklerAberdeenUKFax (44-1224) 49 82 05CONTRACTORSDr Osita OgbuAfrican Technology Policy Studies Network3rd Floor, The Chancery BuildingValley RoadNairobiKenyaFax (254) 202 71 40 28Dr Emmanuel Joshua GeretaTanzania National ParksBurka Estate, Dodoma RoadArushaTanzaniaFax (255) 272 50 34 71Developing Countries

Cross sectoral commons governance in Southern AfricaPeriod: 01/03/2007 – 28/02/2009Budget from EC: EUR 538,785website: http://www.ifm.dk/croscog/Many Southern African natural resources are legallyrecognized as commons. The governance of commons inSouthern Africa has received a good deal of attention fromboth researchers and the responsible government agencies.The objective of this Specific Support Action is to shareexisting research and experiences in the governance of largescale natural resource commons across different ecosystemtypes Southern Africa including marine and other largewater body coastal zones arid and semi-arid grasslands,savannas and forest patches and floodplain ecosystems in.The SSA builds on existing research on commons governancedone by institutions specializing in particular resourcemanagement problems. It takes as its starting point theinsight that addressing natural resource degradation in Africameans finding ways to identify, reproduce and encourageexisting positive practices of commons managementacross wide scales. The dual challenge of governance isto meet large-scale problems with large-scale solutionsthat are rooted in local practices and to use an ecosystemapproach to integrate the management of different types ofcommons, each of which may play a role in the householdsurvival strategies of vulnerable populations. Experiencewith governance in one type of commons generates lessonsof value to the governance of other types of commons andfor integrated governance.Coordinator: Dr Douglas WilsonAalborg UniversityThe work programme consists of a series of preparationtasks and workshops in which researchers who have beenworking on different kinds of commons in Southern Africacomb their research for lessons of use to other kinds ofresources and then present this work at joint workshops. Thework takes place in two phases each one having a theme 1)Knowledge, Power, Economic Transformation and ExistingCommons Practices and 2) Building On Existing Practices toAchieve Effective Governance Across Extensive Scales.Natural Resources

COORDINATORDr Douglas WilsonAalborg UniversityInnovative Fisheries Management – An AalborgUniversity Research Centre (IFM)P.O. Box 159Fredrik Bajers Vej 5AalborgDenmarkFax (45) 98 94 42 68CONTRACTORSMr Cyprian KapasaAquaculture and Fisheries Information CentreVision House, Plot No. 1389, Chibuku RoadKafueZambiaDr Harry ChabwelaUniversity of ZambiaDepartment of Biological SciencesNational RoadLusakaZambiaE-mail harrynchabwela@yahoo.co.ukDr Douglas WilsonInstitute for Fisheries Management and CoastalCommunity DevelopmentNorth Sea CentreWillmoesvej 2HirtshalsDenmarkFax (45-98) 94 42 68Prof Benjamin CousinsUniversity of the Western CapePLAASModderdam RoadBellvilleSouth AfricaFax +27-219 59 37 32Dr Peter MvulaUniversity of MalawiCentre for Social ResearchZombaMalawiFax +265-152 45 78Dr Stephen TurnerVereniging voor Christelijk Hoger OnderwijsCentre for International CooperationDe Boelelaan 1105AmsterdamThe NetherlandsFax +31-205 98 90 95Mr Friday Jack NjayaDepartment of FisheriesCapital Hill ring RoadLilongweMalawiFax (265) 159 38 35Dr Larry SwatukUniversity of BotswanaHarry Oppenheimer Okavango Research CentrePrivate BagGaboroneBotswanaFax (267) 686 18 35Developing Countries

The Environmental and Socio-economic Contribution of Palm Geotextilesto Sustainable Development and Soil ConservationPeriod: 01/07/2005 to 30/06/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 749 876website: www.borassus-project.net/Palm leaf geotextiles offer considerable potential incontributing to global sustainable development and soilconservation. Their use will promote sustainable andenvironmentally friendly palm agriculture, labour-intensiveemployment, SME development and earn hard currency. Inthe industrialised world, they will assist the stabilisation ofcomplex slopes.The project will test geotextile mats made from ‘Borassusaethiopum’ leaves along with other structurally similarspecies in field and laboratory conditions, to evaluate theirlong-term effectiveness in controlling soil erosion and toassess their sustainability and socio-economic viability.Objectives include: palm agriculture to discourage deforestation andpromote both reforestation and agroforestry; labour-intensive industry, particularly encouraging theemployment of socially-disadvantaged groups; countries to earn hard currency for the developingeconomy and promote development, based on theprinciples of fair trade; soil. Palm geotextiles will be especially beneficial forcomplex engineering problems, particularly in thebuilding and road construction industries and coastaldefence, to stabilise engineered slopes.These include: reducing soil erodibility and soil loss in relation tospecific soil properties, environmental conditions andland-uses, selection of soil types and materials, and in arange of climatic conditions; established soil erosion control techniques; Coordinator: Dr Michael Augustine FullenUniversity of Wolverhamptonsystems — the economic aspects of applying palmgeotextiles on soil fertility changes by using traditionalcultivation practices to demonstrate their efficiency asa reliable and sustainable technique; industry in ground strengthening to refine analyticaland design technologies, advance novel materialproduction and define the performance characteristicsand indices of palm geotextiles when used underrealistic construction conditions; impact of the establishment of palm-mat geotextiles onhydrological and erosion processes can be predicted fora range of environmental conditions; makers, particularly in rural development economies,of environmental protection and soil conservationabilities; teaching people to produce palm geotextiles; protocols, so that the mats can be efficiently producedby SMEs in INCO-DEV countries.The project is novel and offers new bioengineeringsolutions to environmental problems. Preliminaryinvestigations suggest palm geotextiles are an effective,cheap and economically viable soil conservation method,with enormous global potential. BORASSUS will providemulti-faceted environmental benefits, which includetechnologies for sustainable plant production, promotingsustainable use of indigenous plants, improved ecosystemmanagement for sustainability, decreasing deforestation,improved agroforestry and successful and cost-effectivegeotextile applications in diverse environments. The projectwill improve socio-economic foundations for sustainabledevelopment, with the benefits for INCO-DEV countriesincluding poverty alleviation, engagement of disadvantagedgroups as stakeholders, employment for disadvantagedgroups, SME development, export of geotextiles earninghard currency, environmental education and localcommunity involvement in reclamation and environmental-Natural Resources

improvement programmes. Information dissemination viaresearch publications, a website, conference presentations,workshops, media groups, educational pamphlets andinstructional videos, will broaden the project’s appeal atmultiple levels (international, national, regional and local) toinclude academics, scientists, policy-makers, environmentalplanners and managers, and local communities.COORDINATORDr Michael Augustine FullenUniversity of WolverhamptonResearch Institute in Advanced TechnologiesEnvironmental & Analytical SciencesWulfruna StreetWV1 1SB WolverhamptonUnited KingdomE-mail: m.fullen@wlv.ac.ukTel. (44-1902) 32 24 10Fax (44-1902) 32 26 80CONTRACTORSProf Jean PoesenKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenGeography/Sciences/Earth SciencesLaboratory for Experimental GeomorphologyNaamsestraat 223000 LeuvenBelgiumE-mail: jean.poesen@geo.kuleuven.ac.beTel. (32-16) 32 64 25Fax (32-16) 32 64 00Prof Ádám KertészHungarian Academy of SciencesGeographical Research InstitutePhysical GeographyBudaörsi út 43-45.1112 BudapestHungaryE-mail: KerteszA@helka.iif.huTel. (36-1) 309 26 85Fax (36-1) 309 26 86Dr Benediktas JankauskasLithuanian Institute of AgricultureKaltinenai Research StationVarniu 175926 KaltineniaLithuaniaE-mail: kaltbs@kaltbs.lzi.ltTel. (370-449) 571 41Fax (370-449) 572 42Dr Christl BuhmannAgricultural Research CouncilInstitute for Soil, Climate and WaterPrivate Bag X790001 PretoriaSouth AfricaE-mail: CBuhmann@arc.agric.zaTel. (27-12) 310 25 25Fax (27-12) 323 11 57Dr Antonio Jose Teixeira GuerraFederal University of Rio de JaneiroGeographyIlha do Fundao, Cidade Universitaria21940-590 Rio de JaneiroBrazilE-mail: antonioguerra@openlink.com.brTel. (55-21) 24 91 28 37Fax (55-21) 24 91 28 37Dr Zheng YiYunnan Agricultural UniversityEnvironmental ScienceHeilongtan650201 KunmingChinaE-mail: zj212350@yahoo.com.cnTel. (86-871) 522 76 33Fax (86-871) 522 73 16Dr Mattiga PanomtaranichagulChiang Mai UniversitySoil Science and Conservation239 Huay Kaew Road50200 ChiangmaiThailandE-mail: mattiga@chiangmai.ac.thTel. (66-53) 94 40 34Fax (66-53) 94 46 66Dr Dao Chau ThuHanoi Agricultural UniversitySustainable Agriculture Research & DevelopmentCenterSoil ScienceTrau Quy, Gia Lam84 HanoiVietnamE-mail: chauthu-hau@fpt.vnTel. (84-4) 876 59 92Fax (84-4) 827 65 54Prof Felixtina Eileen Jonsyn-EllisUniversity of The GambiaScience and AgricultureMdi Road3530 SerrekundaGambiaE-mail: tinajonsyn@hotmail.comTel. (220-39) 79 12Fax (220-39) 50 64Developing Countries

Sustainable options for People, Catchment and Aquatic resourcesPeriod: 17/11/2004 to 31/03/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 500 000website: www.biaoqiang.org/SPEAR aims to develop and test an integrated frameworkfor interpreting coastal zone structure and dynamics in areaswhere communities primarily depend on marine resources.This framework accounts for watershed interactions,ecological structure, and human activities. Ourinterdisciplinary approach combines natural and socialsciences and addresses the complex scaling issues inherentin integrated management.There are five main project objectives: the dynamics of coastal zone accounting for basineffects (exchanges of water, sediments, and nutrients),ecological structure, and human activities; which assimilate dispersed local and regional data, aswell as to develop screening models which integratekey processes and interactions; and recommend response options such as optimisationof species composition and distributions, therebyrestoring ecological sustainability; of alternative management strategies and societalconsequences; three strategies will be examined:business as usual, increased economic exploitation, andecological sustainability; of environmental health, including simple screeningmodels, as practical diagnostic tools innovativelycombining local and regional datasets.Two contrasting systems in China will be studied: SanggouBay, part of a rural watershed, and Huangdun Bay, locatedin an industrialised area south of Shanghai. In bothsystems, large-scale cultivation of seaweeds, shellfishand finfish are of paramount importance for communityincome and livelihood.Coordinator: Dr J.G. FerreiraInstitute of Marine Research (IMAR)Research and development will use existing local and regionaldatasets, ongoing Chinese field programmes, archived andcontemporary satellite imagery, with limited additionalfield and experimental measures. Complementary workpackages will establish the interactions between catchmentuse and coastal zone. Work will focus on fluxes of nutrients,organic matter, and sediments, including exchanges at theseaward boundary and the role of ecological processes.Component models will describe the interactions betweencultivated species and with their environments, taking intoaccount different levels of human interaction (e.g. resourceexploitation, basin water management practices, andsewage discharge). Integrated modelling will permit thedynamic coupling of economic drivers responsible for socialissues (over-exploitation, usage conflicts) with ecologicalmodels applied by the project team, resolving inter-relationswith the natural system. This will allow realistic testingof three contrasting management scenarios. Particularemphasis will be placed on how integrated multi-speciesaquaculture (polyculture) may be used to restore andoptimise sustainability by internalising environmental costs.Datasets and research models will be used to conceptualise,parameterise and test screening models, which will distil theknowledge obtained from the integrated system analysisinto simple and practical diagnostic management tools.Model validation and technology transfer will be ensuredthrough stakeholder involvement in project management,including experimental manipulation at culture unit test sites.SPEAR provides a conceptual framework for integratedinterpretation of coastal zone structure and dynamics bymeans of a holistic approach to coastal system research,combining disciplines, techniques, and systems. Thus, oneof the major scientific challenges this project addresses isthe meaningful integration of patterns and processes withwidely varying scales. This will provide a new, system-basedunderstanding of the functioning of coastal zones.This project will develop research models describinginteractions among cultivated species, as well as betweenthem and their environments, including both naturalcoupling and various levels of human interaction. The latterNatural Resources

include resource exploitation but also other, potentiallyconflicting uses such as water management practices in theriver basin, sewage discharge, or coastline modificationslike landfilling. The socio-economic component of theproject will permit the coupling of economic drivers thatare responsible for social issues (overexploitation, usageconflicts, and increasing demand) to the project researchmodels. A dynamic coupling of this nature will provideappropriate feedbacks on the natural system, and thusallow realistic testing of different management scenarios.SPEAR will be able to quantify the sensitivity of environmentalchanges on aquaculture production, thereby providing therationale for minimising environmental stressors, and theimpacts of changing demand on sustainability. range of disciplines in natural sciences (all partnersexcept CSIR); UGOT, FIO, NU) IMAR, PML, UOS, FIO, TIO); disciplines in the natural and social sciences (e.g. IMAR,UGOT, WL|Delft Hydraulics, PML, FIO, CSIR); management in coastal zones (e.g. IMAR, UGOT,WL|Delft Hydraulics, FIO, NU, CSIR).SPEAR contributes to the three strategic areas of the SixthFramework Programme. management of marine resources, it will allow stableeconomic development at the regional level, andexemplify best practice for wider application. Thiswill also contribute to buffer employment and reducesocial penalties due to large fluctuations in harvestyields associated with unsustainable farming practicesand water use conflicts. ensuring the health of aquatic systems, requirementsfor economic development, and tools for integratedassessment and decision-making on the balancebetween environmental water needs. to the stated aims of the UN MDG, endorsed by theEU, in area 7, ‘Ensure Environmental Sustainability’.In particular, this project helps integrate principlesof sustainable development into country policies andprogrammes, reversing the loss of environmentalresources and improving the lives of impoverishedperi-urban communities.The consortium implementing the research work in SPEAR ismade up of a number of research institutes and universitieswhich bring together:Developing Countries

COORDINATORDr João Gomes FerreiraDr João Gomes FerreiraInstituto do MarIMAR - DCEA - FCTUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 Monte de CaparicaPortugalE-mail: joao@hoomi.comCONTRACTORSDr Anthony HawkinsPlymouth Marine LaboratoryProspect PlaceThe HoePlymouth PL1 3DHUnited KingdomE-mail: ajsh@pml.ac.ukDr Trevor TelferUniversity of StirlingInstitute of AquacultureStirlingStirlingshire FK9 4LAUnited KingdomE-mail: t.c.telfer@stir.ac.ukDr Anders StigebrandtUniversity of GothenburgBox 10040530 GöteborgSwedenE-mail: anst@oce.gu.seDr Johannes SmitsDeltaresP.O. Box 1772600 MH DelftThe NetherlandsE-mail: Johannes.Smits@wldelft.nlDr Mingyuan ZhuFirst Institute of OceanographyState Oceanic Administration6 Xianxialing Road, Hi-tech Industrial ZoneQingdao 266061ChinaE-mail: myzhu@public.qd.sd.cnDr Xiaojun YanNingbo UniversityBanlu Zhang, Ningzhen Road, P.O. Box 71Ningbo 315211ChinaE-mail: zhangxl@fio.org.cnDr Dongzhao LanThird Institute of Oceanography178 Daxue Rd.Xiamen 361005ChinaE-mail: Landz@public.xm.fj.cnDr Martin de WitCSIR EnvironmentekP.O. Box 320Stellenbosch 7599South AfricaE-mail: MDeWit@csir.co.zaFood Security

Developing Countries

Bridging restoration and multifunctionality in degraded forest landscapeof Eastern Africa and Indian Ocean IslandsPeriod: 01/06/2005 to 30/05/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 639 997website: foreaim.cirad.frUganda, Kenya and Madagascar are strongly affectedby deforestation and degradation of forest ecosystems,especially in humid and sub-humid zones. In those countries,forest restoration and rehabilitation are urgently requiredto secure rural livelihoods, enhance environmental benefitsand enable economic development. However, despite thisexpanding degradation, little hard information is availableon restoration options for tropical humid and sub-humidregions. Strategies for rehabilitation to achieve sustainableforest management are extremely limited at both nationaland regional levels.By adopting a broad based multidisciplinary approachinstead of the mono disciplinary methods which currentlypredominate local forest restoration research, FOREAIMshall: processes, and through this; and management guidelines for restorationimplementation; and marketing issues, with full involvement of allstakeholders, to enhance employment opportunitiesand incomes, thus improving livelihoods for all sectorsof the community.The FOREAIM project will use an integrated multidisciplinaryapproach involving methods in restoration ecology,biophysical techniques and social and economic approaches.It comprises seven work packages (WPs) elaborated insuch a way that each work package achieves one specificobjective of FOREAIM.Coordinator: Dr Jean-Marc BouvetCentre de coopération internationale en rechercheagronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)stakeholders, i.e., local populations, economic stakeholders,extension services and governments, both local andnational. The project involves the active participation ofsocial scientists, economists, ecologists, specialists in soils,soil microsymbionts and erosion, physiologists working onplant propagation and soil functioning, researchers involvedin marketing and in negotiation and decision makingprocesses. Research scientists from European countries anddeveloping countries (Uganda, Kenya and Madagascar) willactively participate together in the implementation of thework-packages described.Results and outcomes expected from the FOREAIM projectare several: biodiversity conservation by generating a wide varietyof data and results on forest restoration dynamics andmethodologies deriving from both biological and socialdisciplines in an integrated manner; recommendations to combat and reverse land andforest degradation; restoration strategies and technologies for sustainablemanagement of natural forests, agro-ecosystems andallied natural resources through country workshopsand conferences; project to complement rather than duplicate existingresearch activities in the field; knowledge and systems of Partner countries; locally.WPs 1 and 6 concern sociological and economics research,WPs 2 and 3 consider biological studies related to vegetationand dynamics, while WPs 4 and 5 address biophysicaltopics such as soil and erosion and biological indicators.WP 7 integrates all results to produce tools to transferrestoration and rehabilitation technologies and practices toNatural Resources

COORDINATORDr Jean-Marc BouvetCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)Département forêtsCampus de Baillarguet, TA 10/C34398 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: jean-marc.bouvet@cirad.frTel. (33) 467 59 37 28Fax (33) 467 59 37 33CONTRACTORSDr Jean Luc ChotteInstitut de recherche pour le développementDépartement ressources vivantes, UR Ibis 083(Sénégal)213, rue Lafayette75480 ParisFranceE-mail: chotte@ird.snTel. (221) 849 33 08Fax (221) 832 16 75Dr Julia WilsonNatural Environment Research CouncilCentre for Ecology and Hydrology, EdinburghPolaris House, North Star AvenueSwindon SN2 1EUUnited KingdomE-mail: jwi@ceh.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 445 43 43Fax (44-131) 445 39 43Mr Hans HoenAgricultural University of NorwayDepartment of Ecology and Natural ResourceManagement (INA)PO BOX 50021432 AasNorwayE-mail: shivcharn.dhillion@ibn.nlh.noTel. (47) 64 94 85 00Fax (47) 64 94 85 02Dr David OdeeKenya Forestry Research InstituteNatural Forests Programme,Biotechnology LaboratoryKEFRI-KARI Road, Off Nairobi — NaivashaHighway00200 NairobiKenyaE-mail: dodee@africaonline.co.keTel. (254-66)333 83Fax (254-66) 328 44Dr Bakolimala RakouthUniversité d’AntananarivoFaculté des sciencesDépartement de biologie etd’écologie végétales (DBEV)B.P. 906101 AntananarivoMadagascarE-mail: ba.rakouth@simicro.mgTel. (261) 320 24 65 60Fax (261) 202 23 13 98Dr Honoré RandrianjafyCentre national de la rechercheappliquée au développement ruralFOFIFA/DRFP: Département de recherchesforestières et piscicolesRoute d’Andraisoro, Ampandrianomby, B.P. 1690101 AntananarivoMadagascarE-mail: fofifa@dts.mgTel. (261) 331 12 23 26Fax (261) 202 24 02 70Dr Gerald EiluMakerere UniversityDepartment of Forest Biology and EcosystemsManagementP.O. Box 7062KampalaUgandaE-mail: eilu@forest.mak.ac.ugTel. (256-41) 54 36 47Fax (256-41) 53 35 74Developing Countries

Transboundery networks of marine protected areas for integrated conservation and sustainable development:biophysical, socio-economic and governance assessment in East AfricaPeriod: 01/01/2005 to 30/06/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 700 000website: www.transmap.fc.ul.ptCoordinator: Prof José PaulaUniversity of LisbonThe goal of this project is to develop scientific knowledgefor the creation of transboundary networks of MarineProtected Areas (MPAs) in the East African region. Ofparticular scientific interest is the knowledge relating tothe type, size, and location of reserves, which together canmaintain ecological functions, resource-uses and futuresocio-economic developments. To achieve this, the followingspecific research objectives are addressed: databases; biodiversity evaluation, including an assessment ofspecies and habitats important for conservation reasons; derived from natural resources, current socio-economicneeds, and traditional frameworks, integrating theeconomic dimension in a multi-criteria analysis; for decision-making, operational assessment, and stateof management; area. by local populations, including gender issues andassessment of expected socio-economic developmentscenarios; and institutional, and assess the state of management; transboundary areas using computer-based algorithmsmodulated by research data.The final outcomes are options for zoning plans for twocontrasting situations, which encompass a significantfraction of the biogeographical range of the region.These plans integrate the results of the biophysical andsocio-economic assessments, innovatively adaptedto accommodate the local, regional and governanceframeworks. New data will be obtained which willsignificantly increase knowledge on the regionsconsidered. Interaction between research and end-users isa clear target for this project, and various types and levelsof formal mechanisms will allow for increased interchangebetween partners and decision-making structures, leadingto effective policy development. Regional links willalso be enhanced, which are necessary for the commonmanagement of the natural heritage in the region.Following the project’s main objectives, activities will targetthe acquisition of the necessary interdisciplinary knowledgerequired for the creation of the transboundary conservationareas. Specifically, the project will: existing information; integrate these data, solve basicknowledge gaps, and merge the information in anappropriate GIS system, which will map biophysical,socio-economic, and governance data; habitat condition in considered areas, including basicbiodiversity along nested spatial scales, biodiversityhotspots, and connectivity potential;Natural Resources

COORDINATORProf José PaulaFundação Universidade de LisboaLaboratorio Maritimo da Guia (IMAR)Estrada do Guincho, s/n2750-642 CascaisPortugalE-mail: jpaula@fc.ul.ptTel. (351) 214 86 92 11Fax (351) 214 86 97 20CONTRACTORSDr José GuerreiroInstituto de Ciencia Aplicada e Tecnologia (ICAT)Edf. ICAT, Campus da Faculdade de Ciencias,Campo Grande1749-016 LisboaPortugalE-mail: jose.guerreiro@icat.fc.ul.ptTel. (351) 217 50 00 06Fax (351) 217 50 01 72Prof Olof LindenWorld Maritime UniversityMarine Environment ManagementCitadellsv 29201 24 MalmöSwedenE-mail: olof.linden@wmu.seTel. (46-40) 35 63 00Fax (46-40) 12 84 42Mr David SouterHšgskolan I KalmarDepartment of Biology and EnvironmentalScience391 82 KalmarSwedenE-mail: david.souter@hik.seTel. (46-480) 44 61 54Fax (46-480) 44 73 55Dr Katrina BrownOverseas Development Group (UEA)School of Development StudiesUniversity of East AngliaNorwich NR4 7TJUnited KingdomE-mail: k.brown@uea.ac.ukTel. (44-1603) 59 35 29Fax (44-1603) 59 11 70Dr Roger BamberThe Natural History Museum, LondonDepartment of ZoologyCromwell RoadLondon SW7 5BDUnited KingdomE-mail: r.bamber@nhm.ac.ukTel. (44-20) 79 42 56 36Fax (44-20) 79 42 54 33Prof Rudolf van der ElstOceanographic Research InstituteMarine Parade 405610712 DurbanSouth AfricaE-mail: rudy@ori.org.zaTel. (27-31) 337 35 36Fax (27-31) 337 21 32Prof Theodor StewartUniversity of Cape TownDepartment of Statistical SciencesPrivate Bag 7701RondeboschSouth AfricaE-mail: tjstew@stats.uct.ac.zaTel. (27-21) 650 32 24Fax (27-21) 650 47 73Dr Antonio HoguaneUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneFaculty of SciencesChair of Marine Sciences and OceanographyCampus UniversitarioCP 257 MaputoMozambiqueE-mail: hoguane@yahoo.com.brTel. (258-1) 49 31 02Fax (258-1) 49 30 49Mr Domingos GoveCentre for Sustainable Development forCoastal Zones (Ministry of Environment)P.O. Box 66, Praia de Xai-XaiXai-XaiMozambiqueE-mail: cdscoastal@teledata.mzTel. (258-22) 350 04Fax (258-22) 350 04Dr Narriman JiddawiInstitute of Marine SciencesP.O. Box 668, MizinganiZanzibarTanzaniaE-mail: n_jiddawi@yahoo.comTel. (255-24) 223 21 84Fax (255-24) 223 30 50Dr Julius FrancisWestern Indian Ocean MarineScience AssociationP.O. Box 3298, Mizingani Street, Hse 13644/10ZanzibarTanzaniaE-mail: Julius@wiomsa.orgTel. (255-24) 223 34 72Fax (255-24) 223 38 52Developing Countries

Peri-urban mangrove forests as filters and potential phytoremediators of domestic sewage in East AfricaPeriod: 01/02/2005 to 31/01/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 650 000website: www.pumpsea.icat.fc.ul.ptExtensive amounts of sewage are currently beingreleased into peri-urban mangroves, but there is limitedunderstanding of the consequences. There is evidenceto suggest that mangroves filter discharged wastewaterand prevent coastal pollution, but this ecosystem servicehas not been applied to coastal management, nor hasthe filtration capacity been exploited. Mangrove is oneof the world’s most endangered habitats: more than athird is already lost, and the remainder is disappearing ata rate of 2 to 5 % per year, with little notice from thepublic. Peri-urban mangroves are particularly hard hit.In light of this, the overall objective of the PUMPSEAproject is to demonstrate the ecological and economicservice that peri-urban mangroves provide by mitigatingcoastal pollution through sewage-filtration, and to offerinnovative solutions for the exploitation and managementof this ability.The project will examine two innovative ways in whichmangrove filtration can be utilised to preclude coastalsewage pollution: mangroves and replanting mangroves in deforestedareas exposed to sewage (´strategic reforestation andconservation’); and treatment.PUMPSEA will be developed in East Africa (Tanzania, Kenya,and Mozambique).Five main activities will be developed in order to achievethe main goals: filtration: evaluation of the effects of sewage-filtrationby peri-urban mangroves on ecosystem conditionand processes; development of GIS-map location ofsewage input; measurement and mapping mangrovedegradation and destruction; identification ofsuitable areas for strategic reforestation and strategicconservation.Coordinator: Dr José GuerreiroInstituto de Ciência Aplicada e Tecnologia (ICAT) technology: assessment of effects of sewage exposureon the ecological, microbial and biogeochemicalprocesses; test and refine the remediation performanceof a mangrove wetland; provide experimental resultsthat optimise the sewage filtering performance ofconstructed mangrove wetlands. models combining field observations and experimentalresults; determination of filtering effect of mangroveswith respect to long term stability and optimaltreatment regime of mangrove wetlands. comparison of available sewage managementalternatives from a socio-economic and ecologicalperspective and evaluation of ecosystem goods andservices provided by mangroves exposed or notexposed to sewage; summarise the current driversof mangrove degradation and destruction within thestudy areas. a strategic plan for implementing the use of mangrovesewage filtration; transforming PUMPSEA findingsinto appropriate governance guidelines.The expected project outcomes are: urban mangroves, measurement and mapping of itsecological effects; wetland technology; determine and interpret the impact of sewage onmangrove environments; and services generated by mangroves exposed or notexposed to sewage; performance, culminating in an action plan for sewagemanagement guidelines.Natural Resources

The expected results of PUMPSEA all have direct applicationsfor regional environmental managers and policy-makersworking to improve the current situation in East Africa. Morethan 25 % of the population of the East African regionlive within the coastal areas (UNEP 1998). This project istargeted at benefiting these people, although the generatedknowledge will have evident applications for the developingworld per se.COORDINATORDr José GuerreiroInstituto de Ciência Aplicada e Tecnologia (ICAT)Edf. ICAT, Campus da Faculdade de Ciências,Campo Grande749-016 LisboaPortugalE-mail: jose.guerreiro@icat.fc.ul.ptTel. (351) 217 50 00 06Fax (351) 217 50 01 72CONTRACTORSProf José PaulaLaboratório Marítimo da Guia (IMAR)Estrada do Guincho s/n2750-642 CascaisPortugalE-mail: jpaula@fc.ul.ptTel. (351) 214 86 92 11Fax (351) 214 86 97 20Prof Nico KoedamVrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)Faculty of SciencesMangrove Management Group (APNA-ANCH)Pleinlaan 21050 BrusselBelgiumE-mail: nikoedam@vub.ac.beTel. (32-2) 629 34 13Fax (32-2) 629 34 13Dr Peter KuschkUmweltforschungszentrum Leipzig (UFZ) HalleGmbHDepartment of BioremediationPermoserstraße 1504318 LeipzigGermanyE-mail: peter.kuschk@ufz.deTel. (49-341) 235 28 21Fax (49-341) 235 24 92Dr Marianne HolmerUniversity of Southern DenmarkInstitute of BiologyCampusvej 555230 Odense MDenmarkE-mail: holmer@biology.sdu.dkTel. (45) 65 50 26 05Fax (45) 65 93 04 57Prof Marco VanniniMUNIFIDipartimento di Biologia Animal e Genetica‘LEO PARDI’Via Romana, 17/1950125 FirenzeItalyE-mail: vannin_m@dbag.unifi.itTel. (39) 055 228 82 59Fax (39) 055 22 53 25Dr Patrik RönnbäckStockholms UniversitetDepartment of Systems EcologyUniversitetsvägen 10106 91 StockholmSwedenE-mail: pat@system.ecology.su.seTel. (46-8) 16 13 58Fax (46-8) 15 84 17Mr Stephen N. MwangiKenya Marine & Fisheries Research Institute(KMFRI)Research InstituteMikomani, English Point80100 MombasaKenyaE-mail: smwangi@kmfri.co.ke, snmwangi40@yohoo.co.ukTel. (254-41) 47 51 51-4Fax (254-41) 47 51 57Dr Salomão BandeiraUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneDepartment of Biological ScienceUniversity CampusMaputoMozambiqueE-mail: sband@zebra.uem.mzTel. (258) 149 12 23Fax (258) 149 33 77Dr Yunus Daud MgayaUniversity of Dar es SalaamFaculty of Aquatic Sciences and TechnologyMlimani Campus, P.O. BOX 35064Dar es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: ymgaya@udsm.co.tzTel. (255) 74 23 77 74Fax (255) 222 41 04 80Dr Jamidy Hizzam Yahaya KatimaProspective College of Engineeringand Technology (PCET)University of Dar es Salaam Main Campus, P.O.BOX 35131Dar es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: jkatima@cpe.udsm.ac.tz,jamidu_katima@yahoo.coTel. (255) 222 41 07 54Fax (255) 222 41 01 14Mr Jeremiah DaffaNational Environment Management CouncilNEMCTanzania Coastal Management ProgrammeTancot House 3RD Foor, Sokoine/Pamba RoadDar es SalaamTanzaniaE-mail: jdaffa@eqip.or.tzTel. (255) 222 66 61 90Fax (255) 222 66 86 11Developing Countries

A.DEVELOPING COUNTRIES1. Health of livestock populations2. Bio-diverse, bio-safe and value-added crops3. Aquatic farming systems

Developing Countries

Develoment of marker vaccines, companion diagnostic tests and improvementof epidemiological knowledge to facilitate control of rinderpest and peste des petits ruminants virusesPeriod: 01/01/2005 to 31/12/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 500 000The project is designed to present an integrated approachto the control and eradication of Rinderpest (RP) and pestedes petits ruminants (PPR), two economically importantdiseases of ruminants. It will address one of the key factorshampering effective control policies involving vaccination,namely the lack of marker vaccines and companiondiagnostic tests for these viruses. It will also contribute tothe strengthening and further development of surveillancesystems with respect to early reaction capabilities in regionsthat are at risk from the diseases. Therefore the main objectivesof the project are specified as follows: infections and examine safety issues relating tocurrently used vaccines and the marker vaccines derivedfrom them. tests to differentiate between infected and vaccinatedanimals and validate the existing RP and PPR assays.This will provide the parameters needed when decisionshave to be made on vaccine use for specific purposes. for a better analysis of the current situation of RPand PPR and for predicting the impact of vaccinationstrategies.The main activities of the project are summarised as follows: marker vaccines via genome cDNAs derived from theclassical attenuated vaccine strains of RP and PPR. Theoverall aim is to produce double-marker vaccines by deletion(negative marker) and addition (positive marker). role of the N protein and its fragments in the vaccineinduced immunosuppression. The functionality of thedeleted protein will be studied using minigenomerescue technology. to administer to animals in areas lacking a cold chainwill be developed.Coordinator: Dr Geneviève Libeau,Centre de coopération internationale en rechercheagronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) infection antibodies, as well as antibodies to the positiveand negative markers, will be developed. Their validationwill provide information on their performances in termof epidemiological usefulness. existing systems and data sources to generate statisticalrisk models. A study of the transmission dynamic ofPPR will generate a mathematical model predicting theimpact of vaccination on the disease pattern.This project will provide marker vaccines capable ofpreventing RP and PPR infections and also companion teststo differentiate between infected and vaccinated animals.This differentiation is of major importance for eradicationprogrammes because it would allow more precise targetingof the vaccination while serosurveillance of the disease couldbe maintained through the use of companion diagnostictests. This would allow for a quicker lifting of controlmeasures. The project should provide, through reversegenetics technology, a better understanding of the geneticdeterminants of the immunosuppressive effects associatedwith the current vaccines and consequently of the markervaccines derived from them. An improved formulation forstable storage of vaccines at higher temperatures will bedeveloped to reduce the stringent requirements for coldchain. This will greatly benefit vaccine delivery to farmersliving in difficult field conditions. A clearer understandingof Morbillivirus infection cycles and the dynamics of thedisease will generate models that will support decisionsfor vaccination policies. This proposal will boost the healthstatus of cattle and small ruminants in Africa, allowinghigher productivity and an increase in the commercial valueof livestock for trade purposes.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Geneviève LibeauCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)Département élevage et médecine vétérinaire(EMVT)TA 30/G, Campus international de Baillarguet34398 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: genevieve.libeau@cirad.frTel. (33) 467 59 38 50Fax (33) 467 59 37 98CONTRACTORSProf Tom BarrettInstitute for Animal Health (IAH)Pirbright LaboratoryAsh RoadPirbright, Surrey GU24 ONFUnited KingdomE-mail: tom.barrett@bbsrc.ac.ukTel. (44-1483) 23 24 41Fax (44-1483) 23 24 48Dr Adama DialloFood and Agriculture Organisation of the UnitedNations & International Atomic Energy AgencyThe Joint FAO/IAEA division of the nucleartechniques in food and agricultureSeibersdorf LaboratoriesP.O. Box 1001400 ViennaAustriaE-mail: adama.diallo@iaea.orgTel. (43-1) 260 02 83 55Fax (43-1) 260 02 82 22Dr Paula AlvesInstituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica(IBET)Laboratório de Engenharia Bioquímica e deProcessosAvenida da República, Apartado, 121781-901 OeirasPortugalE-mail: mjtc@itqb.unl.ptTel. (351) 214 42 77 87/42 11 73Fax (351) 214 42 11 61Prof Dirk PfeifferUniversity of LondonRoyal Veterinary CollegeDepartment of Veterinary Clinical SciencesHawkshead LaneNorth Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TAUnited KingdomE-mail: pfeiffer@rvc.ac.ukTel. (44-1707) 66 63 33Fax (44-1707) 66 65 74Dr Rosemary NgothoKenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI)National Veterinary Research Centre (NVRC)Muguga LaboratoriesP.O. Box 32Kikuyu, MugugaKenyaE-mail: r_ngotho@yahoo.comTel. (254-154) 320 00/327 03Fax (254-154) 324 50Dr Dieneba SyllaLaboratoire central vétérinaire (LCV)Laboratoire de virologieKm 8, route de KoulikoroB.P. 2295 BamakoMaliE-mail: dieneba_sy@hotmail.comTel. (223) 671 61 96Fax (223) 224 98 09Dr Berhe GegreegziabherNational Veterinary Institute (NVI)P.O. Box 19Debre ZeitEthiopiaE-mail: nvi-rt@telecom.net.etTel. (251-1) 33 84 11Fax (251-1) 33 93 00Dr Gavin ThomsonAfrican Union Interafrican Bureau for AnimalResources (AU/IBAR)PACE Epidemiology UnitMonrovia Street, Maendeleo house, P.O. Box30786NairobiKenyaE-mail: gavin.thomson@oau.ibar.orgTel. (254-20) 24 05 91Fax (254-20) 22 66 65Developing Countries

Epidemiology and new generation vaccines for Ehrlichia and anaplasma infections of ruminantsPeriod: 01/07/2005 to 30/06/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 200 000Coordinator: Dr Dominique MartinezCIRADTick transmitted Ehrlichia ruminantium (cowdriosis)and Anaplasma marginale (Anaplasmosis) infectionsof ruminants belong to a group of animal diseases ofmajor economic importance in tropical and sub-tropicalregions. Both diseases are classified in list B of the WorldOrganisation for Animal Health (OIE) and their presence in acountry is an obstacle to the international trade of animals.The general objective of the project is to contribute to anincrease in the productivity of livestock by controlling thesediseases in the context of sustainable production systemsand environmental safety. In particular, alternatives must bedeveloped to reduce the use of acaricides for vector control,which raise environment and food safety issues. This will berealised through the achievement of three main objectives: vaccines that are efficient and safe; multi-pathogen diagnostic tests for extensive use inepidemiological studies aimed at providing descriptionsof sanitary situations at regional levels; effectiveness of the vaccines developed in wellcharacterisedfarming systems.The project is divided into two related headings (laboratoryand experimentally-oriented work for vaccine andmolecular diagnostic development and field-oriented workfor epidemiology) broken down into a logical framework ofactivities. Modern genomic approaches will be extensivelyapplied to the complete genome sequence of the pathogens,including annotation (bioinformatics), comparative(bioinformatics) and functional genomics of host-vectorpathogeninteractions aimed at identifying gene candidatesfor vaccines. After refinement of the understanding ofruminant protective immune responses, these candidateswill be analysed, first in vitro, and afterwards on animals toascertain their protection capabilities. New delivery systemsand formulations will be applied to these candidates andevaluated for their ability to provide optimal protection ina potential field vaccine. Meanwhile, molecular diagnostic(detection and genotyping) will be developed. These will beused as key components of epidemiological studies aimedat characterising the sanitary situation at regional levels indifferent farming systems where the vaccines will be applied.The project has the potential to deliver patented products,such as diagnostic kits and vaccines, as well as guidelinesfor their optimal use by farmers and professionals in anintegrated approach bringing in other actions like strategicvector control. This will have a direct impact on the increasein animal production and therefore help alleviate poverty.In addition, the commercial use of these products by privatecompanies will assist industrial and economic development.Epidemiological data will be managed using GeographicInformation Systems; this will generate distribution andrisk maps of diseases to help decision-making processes insanitary interventions and serve as a basis for cost-benefitstudies of control measures. Computerised systems canbe complemented by data relative to other diseases andconstitute integrated animal health management systemsthat assist the Services of Agriculture. Websites wheredatabases are located will constitute a major vehicle forthe dissemination of information to technical services andagencies, professionals, and the general public. Finally,scientific and technical networking will strengthen theresearch capacity of partner countries and contribute to theeducation of affected populations.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Dominique MartinezCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)EMVTTA 30/6 Campus International de Baillarguet34398, Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: dominique.martinez@cirad.frTel.: (33-4) 67 59 37 12Fax: (33-4) 67 59 37 98CONTRACTORSProf Ivan MorrisonUniversity of EdinburghEaster Bush Veterinary CenterEH25 9RG, RoslinUnited KingdomE-mail: Ivan.Morrison@ed.ac.ukTel.: (44-131) 650 62 16Fax: (44-131) 445 50 99Prof Frans JongejanUniversity of UtrechtFaculty of Veterinary MedicineYalelaan 13508 TD, UtrechtNetherlandsE-mail: F.Jongejan@vet.uu.nlTel.: (31-30) 253 25 68Fax: (31-30) 254 07 84Dr Giuseppe BertoniUniversity of BerneInstitute for Veterinary VirologyLänggass-Strasse 1223012, BerneSwitzerlandE-mail: giuseppe.bertoni@ivv.unib.chTel.: (41-31) 631 24 83Fax: (41-31) 631 25 34Dr Manuel J.T. CarrondoInstituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica(IBET)Aptd. 122781-901, OeirasPortugalE-mail: mjtc@itqb.unl.ptTel.: (351-21) 442 77 87(351-21) 442 11 73Fax: (351-21) 442 11 61Dr Mirinda van KleefOnderstepoort Veterinary InstituteOld Soutpan Road0110, OnderstepoortSouth AfricaE-mail: mirinda@moon.ovi.ac.zaTel.: (27-12) 529 93 85Fax: (27-12) 529 93 10Dr Frédéric StachurskiCentre international de recherchedéveloppement sur l’élevage enzone subhumide (Cirdes)Rue 5-31, angle av. du Gouverneur LouveauN° 559, Bobo-DioulassoBurkina FasoE-mail: stachurski@cirdes.orgTel.: (226-20) 97 22 87(226-20) 97 46 35Fax: (226-20) 97 23 20Dr Arona GueyeInstitut sénégalais de recherches agricoles (ISRA)Laboratoire national de l’élevageRoute du Front de TerreDakar-HannSenegalE-mail: lnerv@syfed.refer.snTel.: (221-832) 02 93Fax: (221-832) 21 18Dr Margaret Saimo-KahwaMakerere UniversityDepartment of Veterinary MedicineKampalaUgandaE-mail: mskahwa@vetmed.mak.ac.ugTel.: (256-41) 54 05 02, (256-77) 59 27 36Fax: (256-41) 53 43 36, (256-41) 55 45 85Dr Bonto FaburayInternational Trypanotolerance Centre (ITC)PMB 14BanjulGambiaE-mail: bfaburay@itc.gmTel.: (220-46) 29 28Fax: (220-46) 29 24Dr Marisa FarberInstituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria(INTA)1712, Castelar, Buenos AiresArgentinaE-mail: mfarber@cicv.inta.gov.arTel.: (54-11) 46 21 14 47, (54-11) 46 21 16 76Fax: (54-11) 48 81 29 75Developing Countries

Development of an “anti-disease” vaccine and diagnostic tests for African trypanosomosisPeriod: 01/06/2005 to 31/05/2008Budget from EC: EUR 900 000Website: http://trypadvac2.eventos.usb.ve/The aim of the project is to contribute to the improvementof livestock productivity in the developing world throughthe limitation of trypanosome-associated pathologiesand accurate diagnostics of trypanosome infections. Anon-conventional vaccine strategy is proposed, whichaims at limiting pathology through immunisation againstpathogenic factors of trypanosomes. The project aims at: especially those responsible for anaemia, andproducing these molecules in suitable forms for use in amulticomponent vaccine; antigen detection.The specific objectives of the project are: proteases of Trypanosoma congolense: T. vivax and T.evansi; protease inhibitors and assess their respective roles inpathogenicity; candidate antigens; trials; synthetic products from various trypanosome antigensin antibody and antigen detection tests.The project will expand initial work on trypanosomalcysteine proteases to screening, characterisation, andassessment of the protective potential of other pathogenicmolecules, especially those responsible for anaemia.Trypanosomal cysteine, serine, and metallo-proteases willbe characterised for their biological roles in the parasite andhost. Natural protease inhibitors present in trypanosomeswill be examined for their possible immuno-modulatoryeffects. The potential of trypanosome proteases andtheir inhibitors to modulate disease will be examined inCoordinator: Dr Alain BoulangeCentre de coopération internationale en rechercheagronomique pour le développement (CIRAD)immunisation trials. Non-proteolytic pathogenic factors,such as the glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI) anchor ofthe variant surface glycoprotein, will also be assessed fortheir protective potential. Finally, recent developments inthe field of proteomics as well as progress in the genomemapping of trypanosomes will provide tools to study newpathogenic pathways and molecules.Procedures for antibody detection based on recombinanttechnology will be developed and/or validated. Recombinantand synthetic peptides from cysteine proteases and heatshock proteins, both previously identified as major antigens,as well as newly described molecules will be assessed fortheir diagnostic potential. Techniques for the detection ofparasite antigens in host tissues will be re-examined usingrecently developed monoclonal antibodies.Key expected outcomes: technology; roles in pathogenesis that will be used to develop an‘anti-disease’ vaccine for trypanosomosis.Expected outputs: of African trypanosomes, especially trypanosomalproteases; mechanisms underlying trypanosomeinducedanaemia; and mechanisms underlying bovinetrypanotolerance; PhD degrees in EU labs); within the consortium.Outside the consortium: transfer of new diagnosticprocedures to national institutions after validation.Beneficiaries of the outputs: academic community andgovernment agencies in DEV countries.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Alain BoulangeCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)UR commune IRD-CIRAD «Trypanosomes del’homme, de l’animal et des plantes»TA 207/G, Campus international de Baillarguet34398 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: boulange@cirad.fr; boulange@ukzn.ac.zaTel. (33-4) 67 59 37 24/(33-4) 67 59 38 35/(27-33) 260 61 33Fax (33-4) 67 59 37 98/(33-4) 67 59 39 20/(27-33) 260 61 27CONTRACTORSProf Theo BaltzUMR 5162 CNRS, Université de BordeauxUniversité Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2Laboratoire de parasitologie moléculaire146, rue Léo Saignat33076 BordeauxFranceE-mail: theo.baltz@parasitmol.u-bordeaux2.frTel. (33-5) 57 57 10 14Fax (33-5) 57 57 10 15Prof Jeremy MottramUniversity of GlasgowWellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology56 Dumbarton RoadG11 6NU GlasgowUnited KingdomE-mail: j.mottram@udcf.gla.ac.ukTel. (44-141) 330 37 45Fax (44-141) 330 54 22Prof Philippe BüscherPrins Leopold Instituut voor TropischeGeneeskundeParasitologyNationalestraat 1552000 AntwerpBelgiumE-mail: pbuscher@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 63 71Fax (32-3) 247 63 73Prof Stefan MagezFlemish Interuniversity Institute forBiotechnology, Free University of BrusselsLaboratory of Cellular and MolecularImmunologyDepartment of Molecular and CellularInteractionsPleinlaan 21050 BrusselsBelgiumE-mail: smagez@uctgsh1.uct.ac.za, stmagez@vub.ac.beTel. (32-2) 359 03 01Fax (32-2) 359 03 59Prof Virgílio do RosárioUniversity of LisbonInstituto de Higiene e Medicina TropicalCentro de Malária et Doenças tropicaisRua da Junqueira, 961348-008 LisbonPortugalE-mail: cmdt@ihmt.unl.ptTel. (351-21) 362 24 58Fax (351-21) 362 24 58Prof Theresa CoetzerUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalPietermaritzburg CampusSchool of Molecular and Cellular BiosciencesBiochemistryPrivate Bag X01, Rabie Saunders Building, Room31, Carbis RoadScottsville 3209South AfricaE-mail: coetzer@nu.ac.zaTel. (27-33) 260 54 63Fax (27-33) 260 61 27Dr Sophie ThevenonCentre international de recherchedéveloppementsur l’élevage en zone sub-humide(CIRDES)Unité de recherche sur les bases biologiques dela lutte intégrée (URBIO)Angle avenue du Gouverneur LouveauB.P. 454Bobo-Dioulasso 01Burkina FasoE-mail: thevenon@fasonet.bf, thevenon@cirad.frTel. (226-20) 97 27 10Fax (226-20) 97 23 20Anthony Musoke andProf George LubegaMakerere UniversityFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDepartment of Parasitology and Microbiology,Molecular Biology LaboratoryMakerere Hill Road, P.O. Box 7062KampalaUgandaE-mail: g.lubega@imul.com, a.musoke@cgiar.orgTel. (256-41) 25 24 29/(246-41)53 30 02/(246-41) 54 02 93Fax (246-41) 53 43 36Dr Luis NevesUniversity Eduardo MondlaneFaculdade de VeterináriaParasitologyAvenida de Mocambique, 1.5 km, P.O. Box 257MaputoMozambiqueE-mail: nidzi@zebra.uem.mzTel. (258-1) 47 51 55Fax (258-1) 47 50 63Prof Mary Isabel GonzattiUniversity Simon BolivarBiología celularP.O. Box 89.0001080 CaracasVenezuelaE-mail: mgonzt@usb.veTel. (58-212) 906 42 19Fax (58-212) 906 42 19Dr Patrick JacquierDiaMed AGInfectious Diseases and ParasitologyPra Rond1785 Cressier sur MoratSwitzerlandE-mail: p.jacquier@diamed.chTel. (41-26) 674 52 18Fax (41-26) 674 51 45Developing Countries

Networking to promote the sustainable production and marketing of indigenous vegetables through urbanand per-urban agriculture in sub-saharan AfricaPeriod: 01/01/2006 to 30/06/2008Budget from EC: EUR 849 929Website: http://www.geographie.uni-freiburg.de/indigenoveg/main.htmlIndigenous vegetables (IV) play an important role in theAfrican diet, economy, and environment. However, they havenot featured significantly in the research agendas of internationalor local organisations, which have tended to focuson improved exotic varieties. IndigenoVeg aims to create anetwork of leading EU and African researchers to promotethe production of IV varieties in urban and peri-urbanagriculture (UPA). Its three operational objectives are to: and UPA by creating a forum where partners can shareinformation on current progress, disseminate bestpractice, obtain feedback from their peers, and refineand strengthen their on-going activities; research proposals; engaging with a wider audience, comprised of EU andsub-Saharan African scientists and policy-makers.Coordinator: Dr Einir YoungUniversity of Wales BangorThe Coordination Action will result in: community, farmer and consumer community, andpolicy-making environment; surrounding the promotion of IVs in UPA; and effectively, avoiding duplication; proposals characterised by the goal of enhancing foodsecurity for the urban poor under the current and futureEU framework programmes.The forum for coordinating research and exchanging ideashinges on a series of 14 thematic meetings organised underthree subthemes: sustainable management practicesfor IV production; opening niche markets for IV; anddevelopment of policy for the promotion of IV in urban andperi-urban areas.Sub-Saharan African partners will also be engaged in smallscalesurveys to gather crucial missing baseline data on thenature and extent of production of IVs in urban and periurbanareas. Partners will also conduct surveys on marketingconstraints and opportunities in relation to these varieties.These data will underlie the development of collaborativeresearch proposals which will take place at an integrationmeeting, which will also synthesise the outcomes of allthematic meetings. The findings and outcome of the activitieswill be primarily disseminated through a conference at theend of the coordination action, a specially themed book,and a regularly updated website.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Einir YoungUniversity of Wales BangorCentre for Arid Zone StudiesThoday Building, Deiniol RoadBangor LL57 2UWUnited KingdomE-mail: e.m.young@bangor.ac.ukTel. (44-1248) 38 37 09Fax (44-1248) 36 47 17CONTRACTORSProf Axel DrescherAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgInstitut für Physiche GeographieWerderring 479098 FreiburgGermanyE-mail: axel.drescher@sonne.uni-freiburg.deTel. (49-761) 203 35 13Fax (49-761) 203 35 08Prof Ernst-August NuppenauJustus Liebig Universität GießenInstitut für Agrarpolitik und MarktforschungSenkenbergstraße 335394 GießenGermanyE-mail:ernst-august.nuppenau@agrar.uni-giessen.deTel. (49-641) 993 70 22Fax (49-641) 993 70 39Dr Andreas de NeergaardRoyal Veterinary and Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Agricultural SciencesThorvaldsensvej 401855 Frederiksberg CDenmarkE-mail: andreas.f.neergaard@agsci.kvl.dkTel. (45) 35 28 34 99Fax (45) 35 28 34 68Prof Alberto Fereres CastielConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasCentro de Ciencias MedioambientalesProtección VegetalCalle Serrano, 115 DPDO28006 MadridSpainE-mail: afereres@ccma.csic.esTel. (34) 917 45 25 00Fax (34) 915 64 08 00Dr Detlef VirchowThe World Vegetable CentreRegional Centre for AfricaMadiira Farm TengeruArushaTanzaniaE-mail: mlchadha@avrdc-rca.co.tzTel. (255-27) 255 30 93Fax (255-27) 255 31 25Dr John HakizaNational Agricultural Research OrganisationKawanda Agricultural Research Insititute13 Km Bombo RoadKampalaUgandaE-mail: jjhakiza@yahoo.co.ukTel. (256-41) 56 67 90Fax (256-41) 56 76 49Prof Mary OnyangoMaseno UniversityBotany and Agriculture DepartmentKisumu-Busia RoadMasenoKenyaE-mail: mabuktsa@yahoo.comTel. (254-57) 35 16 20Fax (254-57) 35 12 21Prof Charlie ShackletonRhodes UniversityDepartment of Environmental ScienceSomerset Street6140 GrahamstownSouth AfricaE-mail: c.shackleton@ru.ac.ukTel. (27-46) 603 86 15Fax (27-46) 622 55 24Willem van RensburgAgriculture Research CouncilRoodeplaat Vegetable and OrnamentalPlant InstituteRoodeplaat, Moloto RoadPretoriaSouth AfricaE-mail: wjvrensburg@arc.agric.zaTel. (27-12) 841 96 11Fax (27-12) 808 08 44Dr Raymond AuerbachRainman Landcare Foundation14 Peacevale Road2624 DurbanSouth AfricaE-mail: auerbach@iafrica.comTel. (27-31) 783 44 12Fax (27-31) 783 46 41Francoise Assogba-KomlanInstitut national des recherches agricolesdu BéninCentre de recherches agricoles pantes pérennesRecette Principale01 CotonouBeninE-mail: fakvine60@yahoo.frTel. (229) 30 02 64Fax (229) 38 83 96Meissa DioufInstitut sénégalais de recherches agricolesCentre pour le développement de l’horticultureRoute des hydrocarburesDakarSenegalE-mail: dmeissa@yahoo.frTel. (221) 835 06 10Fax (221) 835 06 10Dr Christophe KouameCentre national de recherche agronomiqueDirection régionale d’Abidjan19-20, avenue Jean Mermoz-Cocody08 AbidjanCôte d’IvoireE-mail: christophe.kouame@cnra.ciTel. (225) 22 44 28 58Fax (225) 22 44 21 08Developing Countries

Upgrading quality and competitiveness of fonio for improved livelihoods in West AfricaPeriod: 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2008Budget from EC: EUR 900 000website: inco-fonio-en.cirad.fr/Traditional cereals constitute the staple diet of many Africanpeople. Among them, fonio (Digitaria exilis) is consideredthe most ancient indigenous West African cereal. This tinygrain is grown in several countries in the region (Guinea,Mali, Burkina Faso, etc.) and provides several million peoplewith food during the most difficult months when other foodresources are scarce.Fonio, which was long regarded as a minor cereal, is nowthe object of renewed interest in urban areas as consumersbegin to recognise its flavour and nutritional qualities.However, its very small grain size makes hulling andwhitening, which are traditionally done by women usinga pestle and mortar, highly laborious. In order to avoidthe decline of this commodity, it is important to solve themany problems that arise after the harvest, in particularby perfecting post-harvest techniques and improving thequality and follow-up of sales and distribution operations.The principal objectives of the FONIO project are: increasing the productivity of the commodity chainon different levels (adapted varieties, appropriateproduction and farming systems, innovations in postharvestmechanisation, etc.); so as to export and thus increase producers’ andprocessors’ incomes.To achieve these objectives, the FONIO project favoursa multidisciplinary and innovative approach involvingscientists from various backgrounds: food technology,nutrition, process engineering, mechanisation, socialsciences, and agronomy. It supports research/developmentoperations with a participatory approach involvingproducers, processors, women’s groups and small enterprisesthat will benefit directly and rapidly from the researchresults. The planned research, technological developmentand innovation operations involve the following items(work packages), with the view to achieving the specificobjectives of the project:Coordinator: Jean-François CruzCentre de coopération internationale en rechercheagronomique pour le développement (CIRAD) markets and local markets generation and distribution; innovations of fonio in crop-livestock systems; and ways of improving productivity.On a scientific level, the FONIO project will contribute tobetter knowledge of this neglected cereal. It will generatemore detailed information on the physical structure of thistiny grain, its biochemical composition, its nutritional value(bioavailability of selected nutrients) and its technologicaland cooking qualities. In terms of farming and croppingsystems, the FONIO project will also compile knowledgeamong both scientists and farmers. It will identify ecotypeswith good agronomical and technological properties andpromote their dissemination throughout the sub-region.In terms of development, the project proposes to continue toalleviate the workload for women by promoting appropriateprocesses and equipments to make new products withconsistent technological and organoleptic characteristicsand of higher nutritional quality. Its originality lies in thefact that equipment will be manufactured locally with localraw materials and processes that are simple and easy touse, at lower costs. The consequence of the development ofnew products (better perception of consumer preferences)and processes is to be assessed during the project.Information is to be collected from along the market chain,concerning income and employment, but also gender issuesand SME organisation (commercial strategy, innovationmanagement, etc).Moreover, the new products are aimed at local populationsbut, given their dietetic properties, they will encourage thecreation of niche export markets and serve to diversify therange of cereal products in Europe.Food Security

COORDINATORJean-François CruzCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développement(CIRAD)Département des cultures annuellesTA70/16, 73, avenue J.F. Breton34398 Montpellier Cedex 5FranceE-mail: jean-francois.cruz@cirad.frTel. (33) 467 61 57 17Fax (33) 467 61 44 44CONTRACTORSDr Inge BrouwerWageningen UniversityDivision of Human NutritionBomenweg 26700 EV WageningenNetherlandsE-mail: inge.brouwer@wur.nlTel. (31-317) 40 59 20Fax (31-317) 48 33 42Dr Didier StilmantWalloon Agricultural Research CentreFarming Systems SectionRue de Liroux 95030 GemblouxBelgiumE-mail: stilmant@cra.wallonie.beTel. (32-61) 23 10 10Fax (32-61) 23 10 28Dr Dore GuindoInstitut d’économie rurale (IER)Laboratoire de technologie alimentaireB.P. 258, Rue Mohamed VBamakoMaliE-mail: dore.guindo@ier.mlTel. (223-224) 78 53Fax (223-222) 37 75Thierno Alimou DialloInstitut de recherche agronomique de Guinée(IRAG)Centre de recherche agronomique de BarengB.P. 1523, Boulevard du commerceConakryGuineaE-mail: talimdiallo@yahoo.frTel. (224-11) 28 29 54Fax (224-11) 45 50 42Dr Éric VallCentre international de recherche-développementsur l’élevage en zone subhumide (CIRDES)URPANN° 559, rue 5-31angle avenue Gouverneur Louveau01 Bobo-DioulassoBurkina FasoE-mail: cirdes@ird.bfTel. (226-2097) 20 53Fax (226-2097) 23 20Babacar ToureENDA Sahel et Afrique de l’OuestENDA Graf SahelCité Millionnaire Grand Yoff13069 DakarSenegalE-mail: graf@enda.snTel. (221-827) 20 25Fax (221-827) 32 15Developing Countries

Sahelian Fruit TreesPeriod: 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 499 996website: http://www. safruit.orgPeople in the Sahel are among the poorest in the world andfood security problems are severe. Fruit trees are essentialin the diets of rural people, providing: cereals; Despite the generally accepted importance of trees, mostfood security programmes focus on cereals. The potentialof fruit trees is under-utilised. The SAFRUIT project aimsto increase food security and livelihoods for people inBurkina Faso, Mali and Niger, through facilitating access toknowledge concerning four native fruit tree species.The project has a holistic approach involving researchersfrom social (including economic) and natural sciences. Theaim of improving food security through increased use offruit trees will thus be obtained through studies of: trees and annual crops; village level; selection and development of superior genotypes; germplasm.Coordinator: Dr Anders RæbildThe Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University (KVL)By the end of the project, it is expected that people in thevillages studied will get a higher proportion of their nutrition,and experience higher benefits from fruit trees. This shouldresult from adoption of technologies and managementguidelines developed by the project, including: crops grown underneath; villagers; species; to farmers.Dissemination of knowledge should impact on the wholesubregion five years after the project has finished.Furthermore, the project will have a strong disseminationcomponent reaching a wide range of stakeholders,including farmers, technicians, scientists and policymakers.The project will focus on four important tree species inthe region: Adansonia digitata (baobab), Parkia biglobosa(African locust bean), Tamarindus indica (Tamarind tree)and Ziziphus mauritiana (Jujube or Indian Jujube).Food Security

COORDINATORDr Anders RæbildThe Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University(KVL)Forest & Landscape DenmarkDepartment for genetic resources of woodyplantsHørsholm Kongevej 112970 HørsholmDenmarkE-mail: are@kvl.dkTel. (45) 35 28 16 19Fax (45) 35 28 15 17CONTRACTORSMr Moussa OuedraogoCentre national de semences forestières01 B.P. 2682, Route de KayaOuagadougou 01Burkina FasoE-mail: cnsf@fasonet.bfTel. (226) 50 35 61 11Fax (226) 50 35 61 10Dr Jules BayalaInstitut de l’environnementet de recherches agricolesDépartement productions forestières03 B.P. 7047Ouagadougou 03Burkina FasoE-mail: jules.bayala@coraf.orgTel. (226) 5033 40 98Fax (226) 5034 02 71Dr Haby SanouInstitut d’économie ruraleProgramme ressources forestières — SotubaAvenue Mohamed VB.P. 258 BamakoMaliE-mail: haby.sanou@ier.mlTel. (223) 224 64 28Fax (223) 223 37 75Dr Amadou NiangWorld Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), SahelRegional ProgrammeBamakoMaliE-mail: a.niang@cgiar.orgTel. (223) 222 50 00Fax (223) 222 86 83Dr Zavati HassaneInstitut national dela recherche agronomique du NigerDépartement gestion des ressources naturellesB.P. 429NiameyNigerE-mail: inran@intnet.neTel. (227) 72 53 89Prof Dov PasternakInternational Crops Research Institutefor the Semi-arid TropicsICRISAT — Niamey (Regional hub West andCentral Africa)P.O. Box 12404NiameyNigerE-mail: d.pasternak@cgiar.orgTel. (227) 72 25 29Fax (227) 73 43 29Ms Jolanda van den BergLandbouw Economisch Instituut (LEI) B.V.Department of Public IssuesP.O. Box 297032502 LS The HagueNetherlandsE-mail: Jolanda.vandenberg@wur.nlTel. (31-70) 335 81 65Fax (31-70) 361 56 24Dr Zewge TeklehaimanotUniversity of Wales, BangorSchool of Agricultural and Forest SciencesDeniol RoadBangor LL57 2UWUnited KingdomE-mail: z.teklehaimanot@bangor.ac.ukTel. (44-1248) 38 26 39Fax (44-1248) 35 49 97Developing Countries

Molecular, Environmental and Nutritional Evaluation of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L.Verdc.)for Food Production in Semi-Arid Africa and IndiaPeriod: 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 500 000Coordinator: Dr Sayed Azam-AliUniversity of NottinghamBambara groundnut can contribute to food security forsome of the world’s poorest people. Traditional landraceshave good nutritional properties; drought tolerance and canyield protein-rich pods where other crops may fail. RecentEU-funded research has developed the first hybrids ofbambara groundnut landraces.This proposal links partners in Africa, Europe and Indiain a project that combines molecular, environmental andnutritional studies and end-users of bambara groundnut. Bydissecting the underlying genetics of the crop and testingits performance across a range of environments, the projectwill establish criteria and resources required for systematic,regional breeding and improvement programmes thatminimise duplication of effort. Within four years collaboratorswill produce the first varieties of the crop, assess productsfor a range of uses and identify cultivars and managementpractices to optimise performance in specific environments.Two genetic linkage maps of bambara groundnut will bemade — a ‘wide’ cross (cultivated x wild relative) and a‘narrow’ cross (cultivated x cultivated), using AFLP, SSR andDArT markers. Collaborators will identify genes and QTL’sfor drought, heat and cold tolerance and photoperiodiccontrol of pod filling and will link genetic and biochemicalcomposition of seeds from genotypes to quantify nutritionalcomposition, nutritive value and processing potential.The development of micro-array-based accessions forlandraces, micro-satellite markers and genetic maps forbambara groundnut, will be coupled with agronomic andphysiological assessment, through multi-environmentQTL analysis and the testing of common landraces acrosslocations. Key traits will be dissected and markers developed.The genetics underlying nutritional and processing value willbe assessed and new products developed through SMEs. Atall stages end users will guide researchers towards desirabletraits from new genetic material and novel products.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Sayed Azam-AliUniversity of NottinghamDivision of Agricultural and EnvironmentalSciencesSutton Bonington CampusLoughborough LE12 5RDUnited KingdomE-mail: sayed.azam-ali@nottingham.ac.ukTel. (44-115) 951 60 49Fax (44-115) 951 60 60CONTRACTORSDr Samodimo NgwakoBotswana College of AgricultureDepartment of Crop Science and ProductionContent Farm, SebeleGaboroneBotswanaE-mail: sngwako@bca.bwTel. (26-73) 65 02 63Fax (26-73) 92 87 53Dr Jorgen L. ChristiansenThe Royal Veterinary and Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Agricultural SciencesThorvaldsensvej 40Frederiksberg C 1871DenmarkE-mail: jlc@kvl.dkTel. (45) 35 28 34 52Fax (45) 35 28 34 68Dr Werner SchenkelTechnische Universität MünchenLehrstuhl für PflanzenzüchtungAm Hochanger 285375 FreisingGermanyE-mail: schenkel@wzw.tum.deTel. (49-816) 171 34 88Fax (49-816) 171 45 11Dr Hans Adu-DapaahCouncil for Scientific and Industrial ResearchCrops Research InstituteLegume Improvement DivisionKumasiGhanaTel. (233-51) 603 91Fax (233-51) 601 42Dr Mukti Sadhan BasuNational Research Centre for Groundnut (ICAR)Ivnagar Road – P.O. Box 5Junagadh (Gujarat) 362001IndiaE-mail: basu@nrcg.guj.nic.inTel. (91-285) 267 25 50Fax (91-285) 267 25 50Prof. Makarla UdayakumarUniversity of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Crop PhysiologyBangalore 560065IndiaE-mail: udayakumar_m@yahoo.comTel. (91-802) 363 67 13Fax (91-802) 363 67 13Dr Martha Kandawa-SchulzUniversity of NamibiaFaculty of ScienceDepartment of ChemistryMandume Ndemufayo AvenueWindhoekNamibiaE-mail: kschulz@unam.naTel. (26-461) 206 36 35Fax (26-461) 206 37 91Dr Harvinder TalwarCentral Arid Zone Research InstituteBangla NagarBikaner (Rajasthan) 334004IndiaTel. (91-151) 31 01 10 32Fax (91-151) 225 17 07Dr Wazael Hillary NtunduNational Plant Genetic Resource Centre (NPGRC)Tropical Pesticides Research Institute (TPRI)P.O. Box 3024ArushaTanzaniaE-mail: wntundu@yahoo.comTel. (25-527) 250 96 74Fax (25-527) 250 96 74Developing Countries

Domestication and development of baobab and tamarindPeriod: 01/12/2006 to 30/11/2010Budget from EC: EUR 2 099 944website: http://www.dadobat.soton.ac.uk/default.aspxBoth baobab and tamarind are plant species with highpotential for arid and semi-arid areas in the developingworld. They can provide food, medicine, wood and a numberof secondary processed products for income generationthat can help meet the basic needs of an increasing numberof people within a context of decreasing land availability.The strategic overall objectives of the project that will beaddressed through a multi-pronged and multidisciplinaryresearch approach are: evaluation and characterisation ofgermplasm collected in four African countries in differentecological zones (Benin, Ghana, Mali and Senegal); ecophysiologicalcharacterisation of field and greenhousegrownmaterial; domestication of superior germplasmmaterial; development of adapted cropping techniques;development of adapted plant material for introductioninto (traditional and improved) agroforestry systems;evaluation of nutritional/medicinal composition of differentplant parts; improvement of processing/transformation ofthe species’ products; and development of (inter)nationalmarketing strategies. The project addresses issues ofnew crop/niche development through a holistic researchapproach and envisages multidisciplinary activitiesto broaden availability of improved plant material forintroduction into agroforestry systems.The project combines activities of research, capacitybuilding and transfer to bridge the gap between knowledgeand successful application of the results by the end users.The work plan is divided into six work packages (WPs)and a documentation and information dissemination workpackage: different agro-ecological zones in the four countries,and matching of macroscopic characterisation using‘traditional’ descriptors with results of molecularfingerprinting; material for understanding drought stress tolerance/resistance in situ and ex situ;Coordinator: Prof Dr ir. Patrick Van DammeUniversity of Ghent germination conditions and maximum germinationrates; pruning, irrigation, fertilisers, etc.; properties of primary and secondary products; socio-economics and SWOT analysis. and presentation of genetic resources conserved exsitu in the different countries are completed. Superiorgermplasm of baobab and tamarind for further ecophysiologicalcharacterisation and propagation/domestication studies is selected. The main pests/diseases/weeds involved are identified. photosynthesis and WUE behaviour are understood. documented of baobab and tamarind. Participativepropagation/multiplication techniques are defined, andneeded for subsequent sustainable planting. tamarind are developed, and needed for subsequentextension and vulgarisation. Irrigation water use ofbaobab and tamarind is documented and known fordifferent development stages. documented. Processing methods are documented. marketing and price formation are documented andknown; this result is needed to be able to developsustainable marketing strategies for the differentbaobab and tamarind (by-)products.Food Security

COORDINATORProf Dr ir. Patrick Van DammeUniversity of GhentLaboratory of Tropical and SubtropicalAgriculture and EthnobotanyDepartment of Plant ProductionFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringCoupure links 6539000 GhentBelgiumE-mail: Patrick.VanDamme@Ugent.beTel. (32-9) 264 60 87Fax (32-9) 264 62 41CONTRACTORSDr Nazmul HaqUniversity of SouthamptonCentre for Underutilised CropsSchool of Civil Engineering and the EnvironmentEnvironmental SciencesUniversity Road HighfieldSouthampton SO17 1BJUnited KingdomE-mail: Haq@soton.ac.ukTel. (44-2380) 59 42 29Fax (44-2380) 67 75 19Prof Christian VoglUniversity of Natural Resources and Applied LifeSciencesInstitute of Organic Farming, Working Group:Knowledge Systems and InnovationsDepartment for Sustainable Agricultural SystemsGregor Mendel Straße 331180 ViennaAustriaE-mail: christian.vogl@boku.ac.atTel. (43-1) 476 54 37 52Fax (43-1) 476 54 37 92Prof Brice SinsinUniversity of Abomey-CalaviLaboratory of Applied EcologyFaculty of Agronomic Sciences01 P.O. Box 526CotonouBeninE-mail: bsinsin@bj.refer.orgTel. (229) 90 02 68 57Fax (229) 21 30 30 84Dr Amadou M. KouyatéInstitute of Rural EconomyForest Resources Program206 street, 30 door P.O. Box 16SikassoMaliE-mail: Amadou.Kouyate@ier.ml, amadou.kouyate@ier-mali.orgTel. (223) 262 01 07Fax (223) 262 03 49Anthony BotchwayBomarts Farms LimitedOFF Nsumia Road Dobro E/R, P.O. Box 124DobroGhanaE-mail: abotchway@bomarts.natTel. (233-81) 911 54Fax (233-83) 222 60Dr Dogo SeckRegional Centre for Studies on the Improvementof Plant Adaptation to DroughtP.O. Box 3320ThièsSenegalE-mail: ceraas@sentoo.snTel. (221) 951 49 93 / 951 49 94Fax (221) 951 49 95Developing Countries

Development of innovative and healthful maramabean (Tylosema esculentum)products targetting niche marketsPeriod: 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 300 000Coordinator: Prof Dr Aase HansenRoyal Veterinary and Agricultural UniversityThe marama bean is an under-utilised legume crop nativeto the Kalahari Desert, the neighbouring sandy regions ofBotswana and Namibia and the Transvaal region of SouthAfrica. It forms part of the diet of the indigenous populationin these countries. The overall objective of MARAMAII isto improve food safety and diversify livelihoods for poorpeople in Southern Africa through the development ofhealthful marama bean products. The products will betargeted initially to niche markets in Southern Africa as wellas internationally.The project will work closely with small and mediumsizedenterprises in Southern Africa and gain knowledgefor commercial processing of the marama bean, includingfactors which influence product quality. This will be done by: Africa to investigate the acceptability of marama beanand its products and identify potential target marketsfor the products; processing the beans for the development of a rangeof high-quality, value-added, marama-based foodproducts including marama oil, marama texturisedprotein products, roasted marama nuts and maramamilk; including texture, flavour, taste, and the shelf life of theproducts during storage; and its products by investigating the potential for thefollowing: anti-microbial activity, immunomodulatoryand physiologic activities, antioxidant activity, directanti-HIV properties, and anticarcinogenic activity ondifferent cancer cell lines.MARAMAII will contribute valuable information about thepotential use of marama beans, due to increased knowledgeof the following: how to produce marama bean products,factors influencing the shelf life of the products, and thenutrition values, potential antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenicactivity of marama beans and products. Manuals for theproduction of marama bean products will be a constituentpart of the outcomes.It is expected that the project will create awareness amongstthe stakeholders of: value added products; products; Food Security

COORDINATORProf Dr Aase HansenRoyal Veterinary and Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Food ScienceRolighedsvej 301958 Frederiksberg CDenmarkE-mail: aah@kvl.dkTel.: (45-35) 28 32 41Fax: (45-35) 28 32 45CONTRACTORSDr José JacksonUniversity of BotswanaOffice of Research and DevelopmentP.O. Box 00708 GabaroneBotswanaE-mail: maletej@mopipi.ub.bwTel.: (267-355) 29 03Fax: (267-395) 75 73Prof Amanda MinnaarUniversity of PretoriaDepartment of Food ScienceLynnwood Road0002 PretoriaSouth AfricaE-mail: amanda.minnaar@up.ac.zaTel.: (27-12) 420 32 39Fax: (27-12) 420 28 39Dr Martha A. Kandawa-SchulzUniversity of NamibiaFaculty of ScienceDepartment of ChemistryP/bag 13301 WindhoekNamibiaE-mail: kschulz@unam.naTel.: (264-61) 206 36 35Fax: (264-61) 206 37 91Dr Margarida Dias Lima de FariaInstituto de Investigação Científica TropicalRua da Junqueira 301349-007 LisboaPortugalE-mail: cetno@iict.ptTel.: (351-21) 360 05 81Fax: (351-21) 360 05 87Prof Avrelija CencicUniversity of MariborFaculty of AgricultureDepartment of Microbiology, Biochemistry andBiotechVrbanska 302000 MariborSloveniaE-mail: avrelija.cencic@uni-mb.siTel.: (386-2) 250 58 00Fax: (386-2) 229 60 71Prof Ralph ChristyMarket Matters Inc401 S. Albany St.14850 Ithaca, New YorkUnited StatesE-mail: rdc6@cornell.eduTel.: (1-607) 277 31 78Fax: (1-646) 720 00 85Developing Countries

Integrating BOMOSA cage fish farming systems in reservoirs, pondsand temporary water bodies in Eastern AfricaPeriod: 01/10/2006 to 30/09/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 499 998,60website: * (see below)The BOMOSA cage-based fish farming system is intendedas a network of small-scale, locally-run operations wherebyrural communities will set up and run the plots both duringand after completion of the INCO-DEV research project. Forthat reason, the project science and technology objectivesare also related to the fulfilment of locally and regionallydefined socio-economic targets (such as demands andpreferences, integration with existing farming andother economic activities, and the ethics and roles ofwomen) rather than purely concerned with achieving fishproductivity targets.Three eastern African countries (Ethiopia, Kenya, andUganda) share common problems in sustainablemanagement of sensitive and dynamic ecosystems. Thesecountries also face deficits in the supply of high-proteinfood and an ongoing battle to alleviate rural poverty. TheBOMOSA scheme uses an existing fish farm (‘hub’) tosupply fingerlings (mainly Nile Tilapia at approximately 25g)for rearing within suitable water bodies such as reservoirs,ponds, and naturally occurring temporary water bodiesformed during the rainy season. Farmers will be trainedto rear the fish in cages in their ‘plots’, harvest them forfresh consumption, sell the fish locally, or process them forlong-term keeping i.e. drying, smoking, and packaging. Thefish will be a high-protein dietary supplement and/or anadditional source of income for subsistence farmers.The first activity of the project will be to apply a participatoryapproach to define targets in terms of economic viabilityand social acceptability at community levels for the newBomosa plots. After this preparatory work, the next stepis to develop and validate an evaluation method usingremote sensing to assess and characterise water bodiesfor use as potential Bomosa plots. This information willthen be used to set up several plots and optimise thetechnology for small water bodies within four eco-zonesacross Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda. Besides arrangingthe plots, a task group will evaluate the locally availableagricultural by-products and cost-effective processingCoordinator: Prof Herwig WaidbacherUniversity of Natural Resourcesand Applied Life Sciences Viennatechnologies as a resource for sustainable production oflow-protein fish feed. A main point of the project will beto determine requirements and make recommendationsfor a legal and regulatory framework based on potentialveterinary, public health, and environmental impacts ofBOMOSA. Another major outcome of the project is todevelop capacity-building and dissemination material forthe local community, relevant authorities, policy makers,and the international scientific community. In addition,the project will develop a socio-economic model forsustainable introduction and widespread uptake of theBOMOSA scheme in eastern Africa.The BOMOSA system will be further developed and optimisedfor use in four eco-zones within Ethiopia, Kenya, and Ugandawithin the current INCO-DEV research project. As a result,14 Bomosa plots will be set up for research and validation,each served from hubs (fish hatcheries) within each country.Furthermore, the fisheries management authorities willinitiate the establishment of an institutional framework.Each of the plots will have its own plot committee to ensurerelevance in improving local socio-economic conditionsthrough early empowerment of local stakeholders. Thelessons learnt, best practices, physical and socio-economicpotential, risks, and prerequisites for widespread uptakeof the BOMOSA scheme will be analysed in detail andpresented at the Bomosa International Conference as thedissemination highlight of the BOMOSA project.* website:https://forschung.boku.ac.at/fis/suchen.projekt_uebersicht?sprache_in=en&menue_id_in=300&id_in=6191Food Security

COORDINATORProf Herwig WaidbacherUniversität für Bodenkultur Wien(University of Natural Resources and AppliedLife Sciences Vienna)Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic EcosystemManagementDepartment of Water, Atmosphereand EnvironmentMax Emanuel Straße 171180 ViennaAustriaE-mail: herwig.waidbacher@boku.ac.atTel. (43-1) 476 54 52 22Fax (43-1) 476 54 52 17CONTRACTORSMag Gerold WinklerAustrian Academy of SciencesInstitute for LimnologyMondseestraße 95310 MondseeAustriaE-mail: gerold.winkler@oeaw.ac.atTel. (43-6232) 40 79Fax (43-6232) 35 78Dr Jan PokornyENKI, o.p.s.Dukelska 14537901 TrebonCzech RepublicE-mail: pokorny@enki.czTel. (420-384) 72 43 46Fax (420-384) 72 43 46Dr Maria Letizia FioravantiAlma Mater Studiorum Università di BolognaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine/Laboratory of FishPathologyDepart. of Veterinary Public Health and AnimalPathologyVia Tolara di Sopra, 5040064, Ozzano Emilia (BO)ItalyE-mail: fioravanti@vet.unibo.itTel. (39-5120) 970 68Fax (39-5120) 970 39Dr David LitiMoi UniversityDepartment of Biological SciencesP.O. Box 112530100 EldoretKenyaE-mail: d_liti@yahoo.co.ukTel. (254-722) 38 11 29Dr Raphael MbalukaDepartment of Fisheries, KenyaSagana Fish Culture FarmP.O. Box 26SaganaKenyaE-mail: mbaluka@yahoo.comTel. (254-60) 460 41Fax (254-60) 460 41Dr Jonathan MungutiKenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute(KMFRI)KMFRI, Sangoro Aquaculture StationP.O. Box 136Sangoro NyakwereKenyaE-mail: jonathanmunguti@hotmail.comTel. (254-722) 62 27 32Dr Njeri R. MuhiaEgerton UniversityDepartment of EconomicsP.O. Box 53620107 NjoroKenyaE-mail: njeriwamuhia@yahoo.comTel. (254-51) 221 08 92Fax (254-51) 650 85Dr Zenebe TadesseEthiopian Institute of Agricultural ResearchNational Fisheries and Other Living AquaticResources Research Center, SebethaP.O. Box 64SebetaEthiopiaE-mail: fishaqua@ethione.etTel. (251-13) 800 23Fax (251-13) 806 57Dr Waiswa Wilson MwanjaDepartment of Fisheries Resources, UgandaDepartment of Fisheries Resources, Ministry ofAgriculture, Animal Industry and FisheriesLuggard Avenue plot 29, P.O. Box 4EntebbeUgandaE-mail: wwmwanja@yahoo.comTel. (256-77) 59 49 23Fax (256-41) 32 13 34Developing Countries

Competence Platform on Energy Crop and Agroforestry Systems for Arid and Semi-arid Ecosystems - AfricaPeriod: 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2009Budget from EC: EUR 1 497 000website: www.compete-bioafrica.netThe objective of the project ‘Competence Platform on EnergyCrop and Agroforestry Systems for Arid and Semi-aridEcosystems — Africa’ (COMPETE) is to stimulate bioenergyimplementation in arid and semi-arid regions in Africa.COMPETE will establish a platform for policy dialogue andcapacity building in the major multi- and bi-lateral fundingorganisations, and for key stakeholders throughout thebioenergy provision and supply chains.As global fossil energy resources become constrained,bioenergy is emerging as a major potential resource. Thearid and semi-arid regions of Africa and Latin America have,in theory, very large areas of land (and associated waterand human resources) ‘available’ for bioenergy production.However, the production of biomass for energy will havesubstantial impacts (positive and negative) on ecosystemsand cultures of these target regions. The protection ofbiodiversity, rural livelihoods and management of scarcewater resources are critical considerations in any analysis ofthe potential for sustainable bioenergy provision in arid andsemi-arid regions. Similarly, while modern bioenergy couldcontribute significantly to poverty alleviation in rural areas,the effects of changes to the supplies of natural resourcesand ownership of those resources must be an integral partof the development options proposed.Therefore, a comprehensive, multidisciplinary assessment ofcurrent land use, energy demand and technology innovationfocused on Africa, will be carried out through COMPETE.It will link implementation activities, policy development,trade, funding and South-South-EU cooperation. Theimproved knowledge of national and regional land useand technology options generated, will provide the localand international partners with the basis for a completeassessment of social, environmental and economic impacts.Finally, all the outputs of COMPETE will be integrated intoa carefully designed dissemination strategy targeted atdecision-makers and stakeholders.Coordinator: WIP — Dr Rainer JanssenRenewable EnergiesCOORDINATORDr Rainer JanssenWIP Renewable EnergiesSylvensteinstr. 2D-81369 MunichGermanyDipl.-Ing. Dominik Rutz M.Sc.Email:rainer.janssen@wip-munich.dedominik.rutz@wip-munich.dehttp://www.wip-munich.deCONTRACTORSDr Jeremy Woods, Dr Rocio A. Diaz-ChavezImperial Centre for Energy Policy andTechnology (ICEPT)4th Floor, RSMPrince Consort RoadLondon SW7 2BPUnited KingdomEmail: jeremy.woods@imperial.ac.ukr.diaz-chavez@imperial.ac.ukDr André FaaijDr Veronika DornburgMs Birka WickeUtrecht UniversityDepartment of Science, Technology and SocietyCopernicus Institute forSustainable DevelopmentPadualaan 83584 CS UtrechtThe NetherlandsEmail: a.p.c.faaij@chem.uu.nlv.dornburg@chem.uu.nlb.wicke@chem.uu.nlhttp://www.chem.uu.nl/nwsMr Francis JohnsonStockholm Environment InstituteLilla Nygatan 110314 StockholmSwedenEmail:francis.johnson@sei.sehttp://www.sei.seMr Werner KörbitzAustrian Biofuels InstituteGraben 14-31014 ViennaAustriaEmail:werner.koerbitz@biodiesel.athttp://www.biodiesel.atFood Security

Mr Manfred WörgetterHöhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt fürLandwirtschaft, Landtechnik undLebensmitteltechnologie Francisco JosephinumBLT - Biomass, Logistics, TechnologyRottenhauserstr. 13250 WieselburgAustriaEmail: manfred.woergetter@josephinum.athttp://www.blt.bmlfuw.gv.atMr Maurizio CocchiETA - Energia, Trasporti, Agricoltura s.r.l.Piazza Savonarola 1050132 FlorenceItalyEmail: maurizio.cocchi@etaflorence.ithttp://www.etaflorence.itDr Giuliano GrassiMr Stephane SenechalEuropean Biomass Industry AssociationRue d’Arlon 63-65B-1040 BrusselsBelgiumEmail: eubia@eubia.orghttp://www.eubia.orgMr Teodoro SanchezPractical ActionBourton HallBourton on DunsmoreCV 23 9QZ, RugbyUnited KingdomEmail: teodoro.sancehz@practicalaction.org.ukhttp://www.practicalaction.orgProf Giuseppe G. RistoriConsiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePiazzale Aldo Moro 700185 RomeItalyEmail: ristori@ise.cnr.ithttp://www.cnr.itDr Paul van AalstE+Co, Inc.383 Franklin Street07003 BloomfieldUSAEmail: paul@energyhouse.comhttp://www.energyhouse.comMr Stefan Peter, Mr Harry LehmannInstitute for Sustainable Solutions and InnovationHerzogstrasse 652070 AachenGermanyEmail: sp@isusi.de, hl@isusi.dehttp://www.isusi.deDeveloping CountriesMr Greg Austin, Mr Glynn MorrisAGAMA Energy (Pty) Ltd9b Bell Crescent CloseWestlake Business ParkWestlake, 7945South AfricaEmail: reg@agama.co.za, glynn@agama.co.zahttp://www.agama.co.zaProf Francis D. YambaCenter for Energy,Environment and Engineering ZambiaP/Bag E721 Plot No 1634Malambo RoadContract Hauledge Premises10101 LusakaZambiaEmail: yambafd@yahoo.com, ceez@coppernet.zmDr Jean-Phillipe ThomasEnvironnement et Développementdu Tiers-MondeBP 337054 Rue CarnotDakarSenegalEmail: nda.energy@sentoo.sn, http://www.enda.snDr Lindiwe Sibanda, Dr Douglas MerreyFood, Agriculture and Natural Resources PolicyAnalysis Network of Southern AfricaPrivate Bag X831141 Cresswell Street, Silverton0127 PretoriaSouth AfricaEmail: lmsibanda@mweb.co.zad.merrey@cgiar.orghttp://www.fanrpan.orgMr Stefan De KeyserFELISA Company Limited, PO Box 1349KigomaTanzaniaEmail: farmingforenergy@yahoo.comMr Ibrahim TogolaMali-FolkecenterPO Box BP E4211Faladie Sema, Rue 851, Porte 181BamakoMaliEmail: itogola@malifolkecenter.orghttp://www.malifolkecenter.orgDr. Kingiri SenelwaMOI UniversityPO Box 3900Eldoret - Nairobi Road30100 Eldoret, KenyaEmail: senelwas@yahoo.co.ukhttp://www.mu.ac.keMr Estomih SaweTanzania Traditional Energy Development andEnvironment OrganisationPO Box 23794Kijitonyama225 Dar es SalaamTanzaniaEmail: nergy@tatedo.orghttp://www.tatedo.orgMr Mamadou DiankaUEMOA - Biomass Energy Regional Program(PRBE)PO Box 543380 Rue Agostino NetoOuagadougouBurkina FasoEmail: mdianka@uemoa.inthttp://www.uemoa.intDr Helen WatsonUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalP/Bag x54001University Road Chiltern Hills3630 Westville - DurbanSouth AfricaEmail: watsonh@ukzn.ac.zahttp://www.ukzn.ac.zaMr Stanford MwakasondaUniversity of Cape TownEnergy Research CentreLover’s WalkBremner Building7700 Rondebosch - Cape TownSouth AfricaEmail: tanford@erc.uct.ac.zahttp://www.erc.uct.ac.zaProf Erda LinChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences12 Zhongguancun South Street Haidian District100081 BeijingChinaEmail: lined@ami.ac.cnhttp://www.caas.net.cnProf Jose MoreiraCentro Nacional de Referencia em BiomassaAv. Engº Luis Carlos Berrini, 1297 - cj 12104571.010 Cidade MonçõesSão PauloBrazilEmail: bun2@tsp.com.brhttp://www.cenbio.org.br

Prof N.H. RavindranathIndian Institute of ScienceMalleshwaram560 012 BangaloreIndiaEmail: ravi@ces.iisc.ernet.inhttp://www.iisc.ernet.inMr Padam Parkash BhojvaidThe Energy and Resources InstituteDarbari Seth Block IHC Complex Lodhi Road110003 New DelhiIndiaEmail: ppbhoj@teri.res.inhttp://www.teriin.orgDr Omar MaseraUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoPO Box 27-3STA MA.DeAnt. Carrt a Patzcuaro 8701Exhacienda de San Jose de la Huerta58190 Morelia, Mich.MexicoEmail: omasera@oikos.unam.mxhttp://www.unam.mxDr Arnaldo Cesar da Silva WalterUniversidade Estadual de CampinasDE/FEM/UnicampCidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz13083-970 CampinasBrazilEmail: awalter@fem.unicamp.brhttp://www.unicamp.brMr. Sobhanbabu PatragaddaWinrock International India1 Navjeevan ViharIndiaEmail: sobhan@winrockindia.orghttp://www.winrockindia.orgDr Francesca FarioliInteruniversity Research Centre for SustainableDevelopment - University of Rome “La Sapienza”Via della Polveriera n.3700184 RomeItalyEmail: francesca.farioli@uniroma1.ithttp://www.cirps.itDr Siri EriksenProf Jan HesselbergUniversitetet i OsloPO Box 1072Problemveien 70316 OsloNorwayEmail: s.e.h.eriksen@sgeo.uio.nojan.hesselberg@sgeo.uio.nohttp://www.iss.uio.noDr Wolfgang KnorrProf Michael BentonUniversity of BristolDepartment of Earth SciencesWills Memorial BuildingQueen’s Road Bristol BS8 1RJUnited KingdomEmail: wolfgang.knorr@bristol.ac.uk,mike.benton@bristol.ac.ukhttp://www.bris.ac.ukDr Donald KgathiUniversity of BotswanaHarry Oppenheimer Okavango Research CenterPrivate Bag 00224775 Notwane Road / Nyerere DriveGaboroneBotswanaEmail: kgathi@mopipi.ub.bwhttp://www.ub.bwProf Gavin FraserUniversity of Fort HarePrivate Bag X1314King Williams Town Road5700 AliceSouth AfricaEmail: gfraser@ufh.ac.zahttp://www.ufh.ac.zaMr Andrew EmmottTWINThird Floor 1Curtain RoadLondon EC2A 3LTUnited KingdomEmail: AndrewEmmott@twin.org.ukhttp://www.twin.org.ukDr Suneerat PipatmanomaiJoint Graduate School ofEnergy and Environment91 Prachauthit Road Bangmod Tungkru10140 BangkokThailandEmail: suneerat_p@jgsee.kmutt.ac.thhttp://www.jgsee.kmutt.ac.thMs Laeticia MukurasiAfrican Development Bank Group15 Avenue du GhanaAngles des rues Pierre de Coubertin et HediNouira1002 TunisTunisiaEmail: l.mukurasi@afdb.orghttp://www.afdb.orgMs Jane StewartMs Jessica AbbottMr Stephen MutimbaEnergy for Sustainable Development Ltd.OvermoorSN 13 9TZ NestonUnited KingdomEmail: jane@esd.co.ukjessica.abbott@esd.co.uksmutimba@esda.co.kehttp://www.esd.co.ukDr Grant Ballard-TremeerEco Ltd.PO Box 900London, Bromley, BR1 9FFUnited KingdomEmail: mailto Dr. Grant Ballard-Tremeerhttp://www.ecoharmony.comProf Mengjie WangChinese Association of Rural Energy IndustryMaizidianjie 41Chaoyang100026 BeijingChinaEmail: bcarei@163bj.comhttp://www.carei.org.cnDr Gustavo BestFood and Agriculture Organisation of the UnitedNationsVia delle Terme di Caracalla00100 RomeItalyEmail: Gustavo.Best@fao.orghttp://www.fao.orgMr Toby Janson-SmithConservation International Foundation191M StreetNW Suite 600DC 20036 Washington DCUSAEmail: tjanson@conservation.orghttp://www.conservation.orgMr Michael MadjeraFoederation EvangelischerKirchen in MitteldeutschlandAm Dom 2 39104 MagdeburgGermanyEmail: michael.madjera@ekmd.dehttp://www.ekmd.deFood Security

Unlocking the Potentialities of Agriculture in Africa s Drylands for fighting hungerPeriod: 01/01/2007 – 31/12/2008Budget from EC: EUR 372,000website: http://www.open-si.com/In Dryland Africa (annual rainfall between 300 and 800mm), climate change is an additional stress factor andpoverty and recurrent drought affect millions of people astestified by the severe food crisis faced by Niger and Kenyain 2005/2006. The African Union and NEPAD recognize that,although agriculture is the mainstay of African economiesand the main source of food of rural livelihoods, a verylimited budget allocation is devoted to this sector (5% onaverage) and that the international aid is low. However,recent studies show that drylands people are resilient andopen to innovation. In this context, SSA Africa 2006 willdevelop criteria and benchmark indicators for assessingimpact of agricultural research and development projectsand community driven innovations in Africa s drylands.Coordinator: Dr Daniel ClavelCentre de Coopération International enRecherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD)The project is designed to document and analyseinterventions and success stories on the sustainable use ofdrylands in order to identify the drivers behind the successeswith a view of developing policy options and managementstrategies. Focus is on building capacity to generateknowledge about long-term trends and innovations inagriculture and environment in drylands and integratingthe knowledge of farmers, communities and research.Case studies are undertaken by inter-disciplinary groups ofpostgraduate students supervised by international expertsfrom Africa and Europe. Communities, universities, researchinstitutions and policymakers will prioritise and definepolicy options for up-scaling the results.The expected outcomes are (a) an international databaseof successful innovations in sustainable land managementand agriculture in Africa’s drylands, (b) a methodologicalframework for analysing case studies and prioritisingoptions for improving agriculture productivity in drylands,(c) policy briefs for supporting national and internationaldecision-making capacity built through postgraduatetraining, participation in expert working groups andinternational workshops.Food Security

COORDINATORDr Daniel ClavelCentre de Coopération International enRecherche Agronomique pour le Développement(CIRAD)Agrobiodiversity in Savannah Environments42, rue SchefferParisFranceFax +33-467 61 71 57CONTRACTORSDr Jan VerhagenPlant Research International B.V.Business Unit AgrosystemsDroevendaalsesteeg 1WageningenThe NetherlandsFax +31-317 42 31 10Prof Agnes Wakesho MwangombeUniversity of NairobiFaculty of AgricultureUniversity WayNairobiKenyaFax +254-206 31 12 55Dr Philippe MorantAGRHYMET Regional CentreInformation and Research DepartmentCentre AGRHYMETNiameyNigerFax +227-20315435Ms Patricia MasanganiseRegional Universities Forum forCapacity Building in AgricultureRUForum Secretariat151 Garden HillMakerere Main University CampusKampalaUgandaFax +256-41 53 41 53Dr George Yobe Kanyama-PhiriUniversity of MalawiBunda CollegeUniversity WayLilongweMalawiFax +265-127 73 64Dr Monty JonesForum for Agricultural Research in Africac/o Arnold & Porter (UK) Ltd.25 Old Broad Street London Tower 42LondonUKFax +233-21 77 36 76Dr Judith FrancisTechnical Centre for Agricultural and RuralCooperation ACP-EU (CTA)S&T Strategies Programme, Information & Communication,Management Skills and SystemsDepartmentAgro Business Park 26708 PW WageningenThe NetherlandsFax +31-317 46 00 67Developing Countries

Integrated consortium on ticks and tick-borne diseasesPeriod: 1/09/2004 to 31/08/2008Budget from EC: EUR 1 842 000website: www.icttd.nlTick-borne diseases (TBD) are responsible for major dropsin livestock production and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa,Latin America and Asia. The aim of this CoordinationAction (CA) is to support a research programme on tickbornediseases jointly executed by a consortium of 45institutions in 30 different countries. The CA will focus ontick-host-pathogen interactions to identify concrete meansof control that reduce the prevalence of TBD in (sub)tropical countries.Coordinator: Prof Dr Frans JongejanUtrecht University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAll information generated by the CA project will bedisseminated through ICTTD seminars, special publicationsand through printed and electronic versions of a newsletter onticks and tick-borne diseases of livestock in the (sub)tropics.The project will generate a cluster of integrated databasescontaining information on ticks, hosts, and pathogens thatwill be crucial for the correct identification of ticks and theprecise differential diagnosis of pathogens. The CA willfunction as a forum to discuss, evaluate, and recommendchanges regarding biosystematics and molecular phylogenyof ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Integrated moleculardiagnostic test kits will be distributed to provide researchtools for comparative epidemiological studies on tickbornepathogens. Prevalence data on ticks and tick-bornepathogens will be linked to remotely sensed eco-climaticdata to create predictive maps for geographical distributionof tropical ticks and TBD in target regions. Genomicsand proteomics data will be used to design integratedvaccine strategies targeting ticks and pathogens to reducedependency on chemical tick control. The CA will act asa focal point for setting up consortia on novel genomicsand sequencing projects particularly for ticks. Differentialgene expression studies will be facilitated using sequencesfrom ticks, hosts, and pathogens to provide insight intothe three-way interactions of genes within the tick-hostpathogentriangle.Food Security

COORDINATORProf Dr Frans JongejanUtrecht UniversityFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDept. of Parasitology & Tropical VeterinaryMedicineP.O. Box 80.1653508 TD, UtrechtNetherlandsE-mail: f.jongejan@vet.uu.nlTel. (31-30) 253 25 68Fax (31-30) 254 07 84CONTRACTORSDr Alberto L. GuglielmoneInstituto Nacional de Tecnologia AgropecuariaEstación Experimental Agropecuaria RafaelaC.C. 2300Santa Fe 3200, RafaelaArgentinaE-mail: aguglielmone@rafaela.inta.gov.arTel. (54-3492) 44 01 21Fax (54-3492) 44 01 14Dr Dirk GeysenPrince Leopold Institute of Tropical MedicineDept. of Animal HealthNationalestraat 1552000, AntwerpenBelgiumE-mail: dgeysen@itg.beTel. (32-3) 247 62 64Fax (32-3) 23 47 62 68Prof Gervásio H. BecharaUniversidade Estadual PaulistaFaculdade de Ciências Agrárias e VeterináriasDept. of Animal PathologySP 14.870.000, JaboticabalBrazilE-mail: bechara@fcav.unesp.brTel. (55-16) 32 09 26 62Fax (55-16) 32 02 47 25Prof Marcelo LabrunaUniversidade de São PauloFaculdade de Medicina Veterinária e ZootecniaDept. de Medicina Vet. Preventiva e SaúdeAnimalAv. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87Cidade UniversitáriaSP 05508-000, São PauloBrazilE-mail: labruna@usp.brTel. (55-11) 30 91-7703Fax (55-11) 30 91-7928Dr Frédéric StachurskiCentre international de rechercheDéveloppement sur l’élevage en zone subhumideUnité de recherches sur les bases biologiques dela lutte intégréeB.P. 454Bobo-Dioulasso 01Burkina-FasoE-mail: stachurski@fasonet.bfTel. (226) 97 46 35Fax (226) 97 23 20Dr Baoan YaoHuazhong Agricultural UniversityCollege of Veterinary MedicineDept. of Veterinary ScienceWuchang Lion Mountain Street430070, HubeiChinaE-mail: baoanyao110@sina.com / yaobaoan@mail.hzau.edu.cnTel. (86-27) 87 28 08 01Fax (86-027) 87 28 04 08Prof Yin HongChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou Veterinary Research InstituteDept. of Veterinary ParasitologyXujiping 11730046, Lanzhou, GansuChinaE-mail: yinhong@public.lz.gs.cnTel. (86-93) 18 34-2515Fax (86-93) 18 34-0977Prof Jiansan WuMinistry of Agriculture ChinaAnimal Quarantine InstituteParasitology LaboratoryNo. 369 Nanjing Road266032, QuingdaoChinaE-mail: wujians@public.qd.sd.cn / wjs@public.qd.ds.cnTel. (86-532) 783 97 99Fax (86-532) 783 97 97Prof Libor GrubhofferAcademy of Science of the Czech RepublicInstitute of ParasitologyLaboratory of Parasitic arthropodsBranišovská 31370 05, Ceské BudejoviceCzech RepublicE-mail: liborex@paru.cas.czTel. (420) 38 530 03 51Fax (420) 38 531 03 88Dr Milan DanielNational Institute of Public HealthCenter of Epidemiology and MicrobiologyInst. for Postgraduate Medical EducationRuská 83100 05, Prague 10Czech RepublicE-mail: skola@ipvz.czTel. (420) 2710-19208Fax (420) 2710-19335Dr Sileshi MekonnenNational Animal Health Research CenterDept. of ParasitologyP.O. Box 26941Code 1000, Addis AbabaEthiopiaE-mail:s.mekonnen@telecom.net.etsileshimekonnen@yahoo.comTel. (251-9) 40 72 89Fax (251-) 138 02 20Dr Gordon LangsleyInstitut PasteurDépartement de parasitologieLaboratoire de signalisation immunoparasitaire25-28, rue du Dr Roux75724,Paris Cedex 15FranceE-mail: langsley@pasteur.frTel. (33-1) 45 68 89 22Fax (33-1) 45 68 86 39Dr Dominique MartinezCentre de coopération internationale enrecherche agronomique pour le développementCIRAD-EMVTDomaine de DuclosPrise d’Eau97170, Petit-BourgGuadeloupe, FranceE-mail: dominique.martinez@cirad.frTel. (590-590) 25 59 55Fax (590-590) 94 03 96Dr Bonto FaburayInternational Trypanotolerance CentreP.M. Box 14BanjulGambiaE-mail: b.faburay@itc.gmTel. (220) 462928Fax (220) 462924Developing Countries

Prof Jabbar AhmedForschungszentrum BorstelInstitut für Experimentelle Biologie und MedizinDivision of Veterinary Infectiology & ImmunologyParkallee 1-4023845 BorstelGermanyE-mail: jahmed@fz-borstel.deTel. (49-4537) 18 84 28Fax (49-4537) 18 86 27Prof Kurt PfisterLMU MunichFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDept. of Comparative Tropical Medicine &ParasitologyLeopoldstr. 580802 MunichGermanyE-mail: kurt.pfister@tropa.vetmed.uni-muenchen.deTel. (49-89) 21 80 36 22Fax (49-89) 21 80 36 23Dr Andras LakosCenter for Tick-borne DiseasesVisegradi 141132, BudapestHungaryE-mail: alakos@axelero.huTel. (361-329) 38 98Fax (361-329) 38 98Dr Srikant GhoshIndian Veterinary Research InstitituteDivision of Veterinary ParasitologyIzatnagar, Bareilly243-122, Uttar PradeshIndiaE-mail: sghoshp@yahoo.co.inTel. (91-581) 44 03 68Fax (91-581) 23 02 36 98Prof Daniele de MeneghiUniversità degli Studi di TorinoFacoltà di Medicina VeterinariaDipt. Produzioni Animali, Epidemiologia edEcologiaVia L. da Vinci 4410095, TorinoItalyE-mail: daniele.demeneghi@unito.itTel. (39-11) 670 91 89Fax (390-11) 670 91 96Prof Luis NevesUniversidade Eduardo MondlaneFacultade de Medicina VeterináriaC.P. 257MaputoMozambiqueE-mail: nidzi@zebra.uem.mzTel. (258-1) 47 55 22Fax (258-1) 47 50 63Dr Marco De BoerIsogen LifescienceBiomoleculesIndustrieweg 683606AS, MaarssenNetherlandsE-mail: marco.deboer@isogen-lifescience.comTel. (31-346) 55 05 56Fax (31-346) 55 46 19Prof Virgílio Do RosárioUniversidade Nova de Lisboa-Instituto de Higienee Medicina TropicalCentro de Malária e outras Doenças TropicaisRua da Junqueira 961300, LisboaPortugalE-mail: cmdt@esoterica.ptTel. (351-21) 362 24 58Fax (351-21) 362 24 58Prof Manuel José CarrondoInstituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaAnimal Cell Technology LaboratoryApartado 122780-901, OeirasPortugalE-mail: mjtc@itqb.unl.ptTel. (351-21) 442-7787 / 442-1173Fax (351-21) 442-1161Dr Arona GueyéInstitut sénégalais de recherches agricolesLaboratoire national de l’élevage et de recherchesvétérinairesB.P. 2057Dakar HannSenegalE-mail: renaud.lancelot@cirad.frTel. (221-832) 5146/1165Fax (221-832) 36 79Dr Milan LabudaSlovak Academy of SciencesInstitute of ZoologyDubravska cesta 9842 06, BratislavaSlovakiaE-mail: uzaelabu@savba.skTel. (42-1) 259 30 26 01Fax (42-1) 259 30 26 46Prof Tatjana Avsic-ZupancUniversity of LjubljanaFaculty of MedicineDept. of Microbiology & ImmunologyZaloska 41000, LjubljanaSloveniaE-mail: tatjana.avsic@mf.uni-lj.siTel. (386-1) 543-7450Fax (386-1) 543-7401Dr Abdalla LatifARCOnderstepoort Veterinary InstituteParasitology DivisionP.O. Box X05110, OnderstepoortSouth AfricaE-mail: latifabdel@hotmail.com / LatifA@arc.agric.zaTel. (27-12) 529 91 11Fax (27-12) 565 46 67Prof Ivan G. HorakUniversity of PretoriaFaculty of Veterinary ScienceDept. of Veterinary Tropical DiseasesPrivate Bag X04110, OnderstepoortSouth AfricaE-mail: ighorak@op1.up.ac.zaTel. (27-12) 529 83 71Fax (27-12) 529 83 12Dr Miguel Angel HabelaUniversidad de ExtremaduraFacultad de VeterinariaDept. Parasitology and Parasitological diseasesAvenida de la Universidad10071, CáceresSpainE-mail: mahabela@unex.esTel. (34-927) 257-100/132Fax (34-927) 257-110Prof Agustin Estrada PeñaUniversidad de ZaragozaFacultad de VeterinariaDept. de Patología AnimalMiguel Servet 17750013, ZaragozaSpainE-mail: aestrada@posta.unizar.esTel. (34-976) 76-1558Fax (34-976) 76-1612Food Security

Dr José de la FuenteUniversidad de Castilla La ManchaInstituto de la Investigación en RecursosCinegéticos (IREL)Ronda de Toledo s/n13080, Ciudad RealSpainE-mail: jose_delafuente@yahoo.com / djose@okstate.eduTel. (34-926) 29 53 00 (ext 3387)Fax (34-926) 29 54 51Prof Idris AbdelrahimUniversity of Bahr El GhazalTicks and Tick-borne Diseases National CenterFaculty of Veterinary ScienceP.O. Box 10739KhartoumSudanE-mail:ubgzal@sudanmail.net / idrisabdelrahim@hotmail.comTel. (249-11) 72 56 80Fax (249-11) 22 30 15Dr Patrick M. GuerinUniversité de NeuchâtelFaculté des sciencesInstitute de zoologie2007, NeuchâtellSwitzerlandE-mail: patrick.guerin@unine.chTel. (41-32718) 30 66Fax (41-32718) 30 01Prof Dirk DobbelaereUniversität BernInstitute of Animal PathologyDept. of Molecular PathologyLanggass-Strasse 1223012, BernSwitzerlandE-mail: dirk.dobbelaere@itpa.unibe.chTel. (41-31) 631-2625Fax (41-31) 631-2535Prof Paul S. GwakisaSokoine University of AgricultureFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDept. of Veterinary Microbiology & ParasitologyP.O. 3019Chuo Kikuu, MorogoroTanzaniaE-mail:gwakisa@suanet.ac.tz, gwakisa@yahoo.co.ukTel. (255-23) 260 35 11 ext 4513Fax (255-23) 260 46 47Dr Worawidh WajjwalkuKasetsart UniversityFaculty of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Diagnostic LaboratoryKamphaengsaen73140, Nakhom PathomThailandE-mail: fvetwww@yahoo.comTel. (660-34) 351-9013Fax (660-34) 351-405Dr Tulin KaragencAdnan Menderes UniversitesiVeteriner FakultesiParazitoloji Anabilim DaliBati Kampusu, Isikli, AydinTurkeyE-mail: tulinkaragenc@yahoo.comTel. (90- 256) 247 07 00Fax (90-256) 247 07 20Dr Margaret Saimo KahwaMakerere UniversityFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDept. of Veterinary MedicineP.O. Box 7062KampalaUgandaE-mail: msaimo@hotmail.com / mskahwa@vetmed.mak.ac.ugTel. (256-41) 54 05 42 / 256-77-592736 (mob)Fax (256-41) 53 43 36Prof Ivan MorrisonUniversity of EdinburghCentre for Tropical Veterinary MedicineEaster Bush Veterinary CentreRoslinEH25 9RG, MidlothianUnited KingdomE-mail: ivan.morrison@ed.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 650 62 16Fax (44-131) 650 73 48Prof Andrew TaitUniversity of GlasgowFaculty of Veterinary MedicineDept. of Veterinary ParasitologyBearsden RoadG61 1QH, GlasgowUnited KingdomE-mail: gvwa01@udcf.gla.ac.ukTel. (44-141) 330-3579/5750Fax (44-141) 330-5603Prof Sarah E. RandolphUniversity of OxfordFaculty of Life SciencesDept. of Zoology, Oxford Tick Research GroupSouth Parks RoadOX1 3PS, OxfordUnited KingdomE-mail: sarah.randolph@zoology.ox.ac.ukTel. (44 1865) 27 12 41Fax (44-1865) 31 04 47Prof Johnjoe McFaddenUniversity of SurreySchool of Biomedical and Life SciencesGuildfordGU2 7XH, SurreyUnited KingdomE-mail: j.mcfadden@surrey.ac.ukTel. (44-1483) 68 64 94Fax (44-1483) 30 03 74Dr Elisabeth GlassRoslin InstituteDepartment of Genomics and BioinformaticsEH25 9PS, Roslin MidlothianUnited KingdomE-mail: liz.glass@bbsrc.ac.ukTel. (44-131) 527 43 48Fax (44-131) 440 04 34Dr Peter WilladsenCSIRO Livestock IndustriesQueensland Bioscience Precinct306 Carmody Road4072, St. Lucia, QueenslandAustraliaE-mail: Peter.Willadsen@csiro.auTel. (61-7) 3214-2467Fax (61-7) 3214-2203Developing Countries