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Scientific Bulletin – Economic Sciences No. 7 (13)The effects of the atmospheric pollution upon the green spaces and thevegetation of Piteşti municipalityUniversity Lecturer PhD Florentina MIUUniversity of Piteştimiu_florentina@yahoo.comAbstractThe pollution of the environment, respectively of the air, water, and soil, no matter thesource, is found after certain periods in all the links of the ecosystems, of the mostimportant being the agricultural ecosystems. The effectuated researches have revealed thatthe effect of the polluters on the plants is manifested very different, and the externalsymptoms are always preceded and even accompanied by physiological and biochemicaldisorders regarding the entire plant.The main polluters that may affect the vegetation within the municipality of Pitesti andsurroundings are: sulphuric acids, NOx, HCl, CO, CO2, NH3, formic aldehyde, H2S andphenols, etc, as results from the effectuated analyses.The sulphuric oxides may affect the vegetation both by air part of the plants as well as byincreasing the soil’s acidity, so by double effect. According to the SO2 quantity to whichthe plant is exposed in the time unit, within its tissue take place various biochemical andphysical-chemical effects that lead to the degradation of the chlorophyll, reduction of thephotosynthesis, increase of respiration, changes of the metabolism of proteins, water andlipids balance as well as in the enzymatic activity. The trees from the streets’ alignmentswith long life cycle suffer extremely because of long exposure to SO2 as the subtle effectsaccumulate during the years and produce general harmful effects, more powerful as thereare other toxic composites for plants such as NOx, O3 and acid rains. Because of thecombination SO2 with NO2 there were distinguished harmful effects, reflected firstly bythe reduction of plant growth. The synergist effects of this combination appear on long termexposures to concentrations near the two gases.The photochemical oxidants and especially the ozone produce metabolic damages to leavesby affecting the integrity of the membranes and of the metabolic processes(photosynthesis). The negative consequences of the ozone upon the vegetation are found inthe turning yellow of the leaves, necrosis, defoliation, and premature aging. Parallel to thevisible effects there are also morphological, chronic and subtle degradation effects of thephysiological effects such as: photosynthesis and the transforming of the photosynthesiselements that lead to the decrease of the vitality of the leaves and of the roots. 25Keywords: effects, formic aldehyde, phenols, acid rains, photochemical oxidants, toxicphenomena, material referring to trees and flowers, street alignments.1. Vegetative and phenologic development of agricultural cultures from the influencearea of the municipality of PiteştiThe studies effectuated during the period 2006-2007 on the vegetation around the cityand of the street alignments of Piteşti Municipality, were of great utility due to the monitoring ofall the segments in the environments, seeing not only the high level of noxa agents but also theirconsequences. At the same time we have followed the evolution of plants in the warm period ofthe year when the biological balances are very fragile, as a consequence of the multiplemodifications in the vegetation.The used database, as well as the soil and plants analyses, was executed according to thevalid standards by the specialists from SCCPT Albota (the Research Station for Cereals andTechnical Plants – Albota)Thus, during the period May 2006 – September 2007 there took place monthly trips of alarge number of specialists, at which I have participated, in 5 localities in the influence area of25 Bran, F., Nedelcu V., “Poluarea, protecţia şi legislaţia de mediu”, Academia de Studii Economice, Bucureşti,1996, p.28;69