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Rare Earths 101 - Hastings Rare Metals Limited

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1<strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> <strong>101</strong>An introduction to the key issues and importantplayers in the rare earth resource sector.Steve MackowskiTechnical Director


1. ‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’Wikipedia4


<strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> and <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Metals</strong>5


6‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Wikipedia


7‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Wikipedia


8‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Wikipedia


9‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Wikipedia


1. ‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’Wikipedia10


112. ‘The Secret Ingredients ofEverything’Tim FolgerNational Geographic MagazineJune 2011


12‘The Secret Ingredients…’ Tim Folger“From smart phones to hybrid vehicles to cordlesspower drills, devices we all desire are made with apinch of rare earths—exotic elements that right nowcome mostly from China.”


13‘The Secret Ingredients…’ Tim Folger


14‘The Secret Ingredients…’ Tim Folger


153. ‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’Natural Environment Research CouncilBritish Geological Survey (2011)


‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…REE-bearing minerals16


Global Distribution‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…17


18‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…


19‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…


‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…Extraction Methods and Processing20• Mining• Processing


22‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…


23‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…


24‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Elements’ Natural Environment Research…• Environment• Specifications and uses• New technologies• World resources and production• World trade• Prices• Recycling and substitution


254. ‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications and theEffects of Pricing on Demand’Gareth P. Hatch, PhD CEng FIMMM FIETFounding Principal, Technology <strong>Metals</strong> Research, LLCPresident and Director, Innovation <strong>Metals</strong> CorpPaper presented at the2nd Annual <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong>& Strategic <strong>Metals</strong>Conference, Sydney, 21February 2012.


‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch26Lights versus Heavies


27‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


28‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


29‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


30‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


31‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch32Process Enablers--> Commodity uses


33‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


34‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


35‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


36‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


37‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


38‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


39‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


Building Blocks‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch(Hi Tech and Clean Energy)40


41‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


42‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


43‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


44‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


45‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


46‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


47‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch48Strategic Others


49‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


50‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


51‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Applications …’ Gareth P. Hatch


575. ‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong>Industry: A Delicate Balancing Act’Professor Dudley J. KingsnorthCentre for Research in Energy & MineralEconomics (Curtin University)Industrial Minerals Company of Australia Pty LtdPaper presented atthe 2nd Annual<strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> &Strategic <strong>Metals</strong>Conference,Sydney, 21February 2012.


58‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


59‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


60‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


61‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


62‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


63‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


64‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


65‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


66‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


68‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


69‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


706. ‘<strong>Rare</strong> Earth Bull’Jack LiftonTechnology <strong>Metals</strong> Research, 8 March 2012


REO industry basket prices71


73‘The Global <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> …’ Prof. Dudley J. Kingsnorth


Project Rating74


757. ‘Critical <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong>’Global supply & demand projections and the leading contenders fornew sources of supply.Gareth P. HatchPhD CEng FIMMM FIETFounding Principal,Technology <strong>Metals</strong> Research,LLCPresident and Director,Innovation <strong>Metals</strong> CorpAugust 2011


768. ‘The Listed Players in <strong>Rare</strong><strong>Earths</strong>’Andrew HarringtonResources Analyst, Coal & Specialty<strong>Metals</strong>Patersons - The AustralianStockbrokerPaper presented at the 2nd Annual<strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> & Strategic <strong>Metals</strong>Conference, Sydney, 21 February2012.


77‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


78‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


79‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


80‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


81‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


82‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


83‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


84‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


85‘The Listed Players…’ Andrew Harrington


869. ‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race -Identifying the Formula One Cars’Carolyn Dennis, P.Eng., CFALaurence Curtis, PhD, P.Geo.Amir AhmadDundee Capital MarketsDundee Securities Ltd, 5 March 2012


1. Reality check2.3.4.5.6.‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad877.8.


1. Reality check2. Isolation3.4.5.6.‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad887.8.


1. Reality check‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad2. Isolation3. Critical elements4.5.6.897.8.


1. Reality check‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad2. Isolation3. Critical elements4. Basic economics5.6.907.8.


1. Reality check‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad2. Isolation3. Critical elements4. Basic economics5. Complex downstream metallurgy6.917.8.


1. Reality check‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad2. Isolation3. Critical elements4. Basic economics5. Complex downstream metallurgy6. End user involvement927.8.


1. Reality check‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad2. Isolation3. Critical elements4. Basic economics5. Complex downstream metallurgy6. End user involvement7. Future prices8.93


1. Reality check‘The <strong>Rare</strong> <strong>Earths</strong> Race’ C. Dennis, L. Curtis & A. Ahmad2. Isolation3. Critical elements4. Basic economics5. Complex downstream metallurgy6. End user involvement7. Future prices8. China94


95Summary…where is the REO going??


Management team!99

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