Planting Date and Row Spacing Responses of Maturity Group III, IV ...
Planting Date and Row Spacing Responses of Maturity Group III, IV ...
Planting Date and Row Spacing Responses of Maturity Group III, IV ...
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<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Row</strong> <strong>Spacing</strong><strong>Responses</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Maturity</strong> <strong>Group</strong> <strong>III</strong>,<strong>IV</strong>, <strong>and</strong> V Soybean in LouisianaE.L. Clawson, J.A. Hendrix <strong>III</strong>, <strong>and</strong> D. BoquetLouisiana State University Agricultural Center
Current Louisiana <strong>Planting</strong><strong>Date</strong> Recommendations• <strong>Maturity</strong> <strong>Group</strong> V– Beginning late April– Some varieties, not untilmid-May• MG <strong>IV</strong> <strong>and</strong> indeterminateMG V:– April 10 – May 10• <strong>Maturity</strong> <strong>Group</strong> <strong>III</strong>– No recommendation(new to LA)
<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong> <strong>and</strong> Environment• Soil temperature• Day length• Seasonal weatherpatterns (waterlogging,drought)
<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong> <strong>and</strong> ProductionPractices• <strong>Row</strong> spacing• Raised beds• Irrigation
2006 Materials <strong>and</strong> MethodsSite <strong>and</strong> Design• Northeast Research Station, Saint Joseph, LA• Sharkey clay• Furrow irrigated• Split-split plot– Whole plots: planting dates– Split plots: row spacing– Split split plots: varieties
2006 Materials <strong>and</strong> MethodsSeedbed <strong>and</strong> <strong>Row</strong> <strong>Spacing</strong>• Wide raised beds– (80-inch centers with 50-55 inchesplantable width)• In narrow row spacing, harvestedcenter four <strong>of</strong> eight rows per plot.<strong>Row</strong> spacing averaged 20 inches• In wide row spacing, harvestedcenter two <strong>of</strong> four 40-inch rowsper plot
2006 Materials <strong>and</strong> Methods<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong>s <strong>and</strong> Varieties<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong>s• March 15• March 27• April 7• April 18• May 2• May 12• May 23• June 2Varieties• MG V– Terral (T) 55R15• MG <strong>IV</strong>– Delta King (DK) 4967 RR– Deltapine (DP) 4724 RR– Pioneer (P) 94B73– Terral 48R14• MG <strong>III</strong>– Dyna-Gro (DG) 31J39– Dyna-Gro 3392 NRR– Delta King 3964 RR
2005 Materials <strong>and</strong> MethodsSeedbed <strong>and</strong> <strong>Row</strong> <strong>Spacing</strong>• Wide row study– 40-inch raised beds– 40-inch row spacing– harvested center 2 <strong>of</strong> 4 rows• Narrow <strong>Row</strong> Study– Avg 20-inch row spacing– Flat seed bed– Harvested center 4 <strong>of</strong> 8 rows
2005 Materials <strong>and</strong> Methods<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong>s <strong>and</strong> Varieties, Wide <strong>Row</strong> Study<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong>s• March 31• April 7• April 21• May 6• May 19• June 3• June 16• June 30MG <strong>IV</strong>Asgrow 4403Deltapine 4724 RRDelta King 4967 RRPioneer 94B73Progeny 4949 RRTerral 48R14MG <strong>III</strong>Delta King 3964 RRDyna-Gro 3392
Data Collection• Yield• Mature plant height• Growth stages– Included 95% mature pod color, whole plot basis• St<strong>and</strong> establishment– St<strong>and</strong> counts 1, 2, <strong>and</strong> 3 weeks after planting
1412108cm6417-May18-Oct31-May14-Jun28-Jun12-Jul26-Jul9-Aug23-Aug6-Sep20-Sep4-Oct504030201002006 Daily WeatherHigh TempLow TempRain<strong>Date</strong>20Degrees C
10Rain (inches)8642026-Aug19-Aug12-Aug1008060402002005 Weekly Weather2005 Weekly Weather1-Apr8-Apr15-Apr22-Apr29-Apr6-May13-May20-May27-May3-Jun10-Jun17-Jun24-Jun1-Jul8-Jul15-Jul22-Jul29-Jul5-AugTemperature (F)Rainfall MaxTemp Min Temp
2006 Results
Yield: Narrow <strong>Row</strong>sBushels per acre12010080604020T 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Yield: Wide <strong>Row</strong>sBushels per acre12010080604020T 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Yield: <strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong> x <strong>Row</strong><strong>Spacing</strong>, MG V120Bushels per acre10080604020T 55R15 NT 55R15 W015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Yield: <strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong> x <strong>Row</strong><strong>Spacing</strong>, MG <strong>IV</strong>Bushels per acre12010080604020DK 4967 RR NDP 4724 RR NP 94B73 NT 48R14 NDK 4967 RR WDP 4724 RR WP 94B73 WT 48R14 W015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Yield: <strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong> x <strong>Row</strong><strong>Spacing</strong>, MG <strong>III</strong>Bushels per acre12010080604020DG 31J39 NDG 3392 NRR NDK 3964 RR NDG 31J39 WDG 3392 NRR WDK 3964 RR W015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Yield <strong>and</strong> <strong>Row</strong> <strong>Spacing</strong>• Narrow rows…– increased yields in March <strong>and</strong> Early April– also increased yields, usually to a lesser extent, atlater planting dates for some varieties– caused an earlier optimal planting date in manyinstances
Earliest <strong>Date</strong>s for Near-optimalYieldNarrow rowsWide rowsMG VMarch 27March 27MG <strong>IV</strong>April 7April 18*MG <strong>III</strong>April 7April 18* For 3 <strong>of</strong> 4 varieties
Plant Height: Narrow <strong>Row</strong>sInches5040302010T 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Plant Height: Wide <strong>Row</strong>sInches5040302010T 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
Plant Height <strong>and</strong> YieldResponse• Shorter plants prior to April 18 probablycontributed to the yield increase in narrowrows at early planting dates
<strong>Maturity</strong>: Narrow <strong>Row</strong>s<strong>Maturity</strong> date18-Oct28-Sep8-Sep19-Aug30-JulT 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR10-Jul15-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
<strong>Maturity</strong>: Wide <strong>Row</strong>s<strong>Maturity</strong> date18-Oct28-Sep8-Sep19-Aug30-JulT 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR10-Jul15-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
<strong>Maturity</strong> SummaryTo obtain 7 days’ earlier maturity…MG VPlant 15 daysearlierMG <strong>IV</strong>Plant 8 daysearlierMG <strong>III</strong>Plant 7 daysearlier(Based on 2006 results betweenMarch 27 to May 23)
Applicability Across Years <strong>and</strong>Envrionments
2006 Soil Temperature(24-hr average) <strong>and</strong> <strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong>100Soil Temperature, F806040201 inch depth2 inch depth015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Date</strong>
2006 Yield: Wide <strong>Row</strong>sMG <strong>III</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>IV</strong> onlyBushels per acre12010080604020T 55R15DK 4967 RRDP 4724 RRP 94B73T 48R14DG 31J39DG 3392 NRRDK 3964 RR015-Mar27-Mar7-Apr18-Apr2-May12-May23-May2-Jun<strong>Planting</strong> date
60402002005 Yield: Wide <strong>Row</strong>s<strong>Planting</strong> date x variety interaction11-Mar25-Mar8-Apr22-Apr6-May20-May3-Jun17-Jun1-JulBushels per acreAsgrow 4403Deltapine 4724 RRDelta King 3964 RRDelta King 4967 RRDyna-Gro 3392Pioneer 94B73Progeny 4949 RRTerral 48R14<strong>Planting</strong> <strong>Date</strong>
Wide <strong>Row</strong> Yield, 2005 & 2006varieties in common only100%80%2005200660%40%20%0%14-Mar28-Mar11-Apr25-Apr9-May23-May6-Jun20-Jun4-Jul<strong>Planting</strong> datepercent <strong>of</strong> maximum yield
Summary• Optimal planting dates for the MG Vvariety were early. Additional evaluationneeded• Yields higher in narrow than wide rows ifplanted before April 18• Earlier optimal planting date in narrowrows
Summary• <strong>Maturity</strong> group <strong>III</strong> varieties matured earlierbut were consistently lower yielding• <strong>Maturity</strong> <strong>of</strong> the MG V variety was lessresponsive to planting date• Irrigation may help to reduce the degree <strong>of</strong>yield loss with late planting.
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