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Chapter 23 Pronoun Usage

Chapter 23 Pronoun Usage

Chapter 23 Pronoun Usage

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<strong>Chapter</strong> <strong>23</strong> <strong>Pronoun</strong> <strong>Usage</strong>Mr. Brasher


Case• Definition- form of a noun or a pronoun thatindicates its use in a sentence; 3 cases arenominative, objective, and possessive.


3 Cases• Nominative- subject or predicate nominative– Example: The old car would not start. (car is thesubject of the sentence)• Objective- Direct Object, Indirect Object, Objectof a Preposition, Object of a Verbal (examples:running the mile; planning the surprise attack)– Example: We could not start the old car. (car is thedirect object)• Possessive- To show ownership– Example: The old car’s battery needed to be replaced.(form changes in this form by adding an apostrophe s)• Note box about personal pronouns and thedifferent forms in all 3 cases.


The nominative case• Use nominative case when a pronoun is usedas the subject of a verb or as a predicatenominative.• Appositive- noun or noun phrase thatrenamed another noun right beside it.


The Objective Case• Use the objective case when a pronoun is used asthe object of any verb, preposition, or verbal.• Participle- verbal (based on a verb and thereforeexpresses action or a state of being) that is usedas an adjective and most often ends in –ing or –ed.– Example: Racing her, he crashed into an antique car.• Gerund- verbal that ends in –ing and functions asa noun.– Example: Dad likes helping me with my homework.• Infinitive- verbal consisting of the word to plus averb functioning as a noun, adjective, or adverb.– Example: To tell them clearly, he had to shout.


Note about preposition between• Incorrect: This matter is between you and I.• Correct: This matter is between you and me.


The Possessive Case• Used to show possession before nouns andbefore gerunds.– Noun Example- My report on the RoaringTwenties is almost done.– Gerund Example- Your asking questions made mefocus.– Use certain possessive pronouns by themselves toindicate possession; example- The move is hers,not his.– Note about spelling on page 550


Homework• Page 551 exercise 8-10


<strong>23</strong>.2 Special Problems with <strong>Pronoun</strong>sCase <strong>Pronoun</strong> Use in sentenceNominative Who, whoever Subject or predicatenominativeObjective Whom, whomever Direct Object, Object of averbal, or object of aprepositionPossessive Whose, whosever To show ownership


Nominative Case: Who and Whoever• Use who or whoever for the subject of a verb.


Nominative Case: Who or Whoever• Use who or whoever for a predicatenominative.


The Objective Case: Whom andWhomever• Use whom or whomever for the direct objectof a verb or object of a verbal.


The Objective Case: Whom andWhomever• Use whom or whomever for the object of apreposition.


Use pronouns correctly in EllipticalClauses• In an elliptical clause, some words are omittedbecause they are understood; these clausesare often used to draw comparisons.• In elliptical clauses beginning with than or as,use the form of the pronoun that you woulduse if the clause were fully stated.


Use pronouns correctly in EllipticalClauses• If omitted words come after the pronoun, usea nominative pronoun because it is thesubject of the omitted verb. If omitted wordscome before the pronoun, use an objectivepronoun.• Always follow these steps when choosing apronoun in an elliptical clause:– Consider choices of pronouns: nominative orobjective.– Mentally complete the elliptical clause.– Base your choice on what you find.


Homework• Page 559 exercise 18-20• Exercise 18 do as directions say• Exercise 19- write down word that completessentence and tell me how it is used. (Subject,possessive, direct object, object ofpreposition, etc.)• Exercise 20- write down word that completessentence correctly.

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