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Of fish and folk Mass processing: Pangasius is filleted in Vietnam forexport to Europe.Fishery production per fisher or fish farmer by region in 2010 (Tonnes/year)Region Capture Aquaculture Capture and aquacultureAfrica 2.0 8.6 2.3Asia 1.5 3.3 2.1Europe 25.1 29.6 25.7Latin America andthe Caribbean 6.8 7.8 6.9North America 16.3 69.0 18.0Oceania 17.0 33.3 18.2World 2.3 3.6 2.7Like Mauritania, many developing or newly-industrializingcountries have an old ocean-going fleet – if they haveone at all. Offshore fisheries in the latter countries aremainly operated by factory ships based in other countries,which pay licence revenue to the State. This industriallyoperated fishery is often held up as exploitative in comparisonto original artisanal-fishery practices. But it isimportant not to generalize. There is barely any market inEurope for small pelagic fish, which are mainly fished byDutch operators in Mauritanian waters and deep-frozenon board. The small fish are only marketed in preservedform, packed in cans or jars. In contrast, the pelagic fishcaught off West Africa are largely sold directly in Africancountries. In many places the deep-frozen fish are hackedout of their blocks of ice in the marketplace itself. In othercountries like Senegal, on the other hand, governmentsissue too many catch-licences to foreign fleets. As a resultthe fish stocks are overfished. Local coastal fishers rightlyfear for their income source.During the apartheid era the Namibian waters wereseverely overfished by foreign fishing fleets. This exploitationled to the collapse of the sardine fishery in the 1970sand subsequent closure of the mostly South Africanowned canneries and reduction plants. After independencein 1990, the Namibian Government focused ondeveloping what was hitherto a small local hake fisheryinto a fishing industry with state of the art processing2.4 > The industrializationof fisheryraises per-capitaproduction. It is stilllow in Asia comparedto Europe. Intensivefeeding and feed optimizationmeans thatproductivity in aquacultureis higher thanin capture fisheries.The figures for NorthAmerica are probablytoo high.