The Theology of Heraclitus: a Presocratic Pantheism

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Journal,{bbreviationsUsed.lCP, Archiv fllr Ce6chlchte der PhilosophieAJPAderlcen Journal of Philolog./Classical ?hllolosvssClassicaI Qualte!IvCRCIassical RevleltIISCP l{arvard Studlea ln Classical ?hilolosvJBI Journal of the Hlstory of IdeasMnep. YnemosytrePAS Proceedifigs of the Arlslotelian SocietyPhlon, Phronesl-sIgiKevue des erudea grecquesTAPA Transactlon6 of lhe ArEellcan ?hllologlcal AssoclallonThe Gleek comentatota are clted flon the lerlin Acadedrv texts: CleDetrt andHlppolyrus are clted fron the edltl.ons ln the CCS serles(g!el49g!Eg!:qchrlsrltchep Schrlftstel-Ie!. Berlln-Lelpzig) edtted by Srghlin and Wendlandrespectively; the Pseudo-llersclltes! l,etters are quoteil by page and llneflob the edltion of Attridge (F1!sl-Ceo!u!v Cvnlclsol ln the EpLstle6 oflle!aclitus).
INlRODUCTIONAs far as we kno1.r, Heraclitus cane from the Ioniancltyof Ephesus and'rf1our1sheil",as we say, about 500 B,C.lEver since that !lne lleEaclltus (H. ) has beer a fascinarion forphllosophers, scholars, and layden. Plato once ca11ed hil! an"Ionlan Museri (!9I!.242d), but'rEphesianSlrenI mtght be allore accuraCe thage 91nce he lures lhose lrho hear his &€!!into !he swirllng waters of hls deep and anbiguous p(ose anilthreatens to dash then agalnst the uncooproulsing !ocks ofhis difflcult thought. Such an analogy nlght seeo too prosalc,I adnil, but tt ts accurate i.Isofar as it portrays the greata!tractlon that Il. has held for hls l.lsteners fron antiqultyto the present. Conpared to Pla!o or Arlstotle, l{, 1s anobscure flgure in the hlstory of phtlosophy. Yei his list of'lhe date of HeracllEus' 1lfe cones floo D.L. (9.I) who is nodoubt lelying upon Apollodorusr Chronology (2nd century B.C.). D.L. saysthat B. was at hlslacme" sr the 69th oltnpiad (504-501 B.C.). Thls dare1s usually accepled as roughly accurate since the internal evidence in thefragrenls (frr.) supports 1t, vlz. lhe references to Pythagoras, Eecataeus,and Xenophanes ln the past tense (fr.40) and the nearly certain observatlonlhat l{. does not allude to Parmenldes. For nore ilfornation on hls datesee Kirk,l-3 and Kshn,l, 303 n,!.. Relnbardtrs thesls tllat [. wrote afteiPan0enides and ln reaction !o the Eleallc DlleEna 1s nouadsys relected.For some argunents agalnst Relnhardt see Klrk,2-3, and for a rebuttal of1181scher's atter0pt !o shore up Reinhard!rs theory see Moulelatos,!r8,,Parmenides & che Nalve Metaphyslcs of Things" ln Exegesis & Aigunentr(Assen,l97l), 33 n.4 Lfor contrlbutlons !o lhe discusslon i,rhelher certain frr. of Painenidescan reasonably be taken as references to ll., proving lhereby thatParnenldes wroi:e after 11., see Kirk,2, 211; owen ip t/A, II, 69 Il.1: aodcuihrie,l,4O8 ^-2; 1I,23 ff.., 32.
Page 1 and 2: (srrv auTJ to unasnK tsadepng) sntl
Page 3 and 4: TSE TIIEOLOGY OF HER.{CLITUSA PRESO
Page 5: LIST OF AB BREV IAT I ONS_ID_order
Page 11 and 12: 5the flood of nords on I{. shou any
Page 13 and 14: 1belng xouddled to say that the eor
Page 15 and 16: 9and Thales phrsikol wh1le nen llke
Page 17 and 18: l1rabble would not read 1t. As the
Page 19 and 20: l3eleBeots. Eowevet in the huhan sp
Page 21 and 22: CEAPTER lrPIi-TEEISMIn thl.s chapte
Page 23 and 24: 17A. The Text of F!.67There Ls only
Page 25 and 26: 19of god and fire (cf. above, p.17
Page 27 and 28: 2Ithen trying to smel1 the nost obt
Page 29 and 30: the large number of people irho acc
Page 31 and 32: 25have transnl!ted these sayings. A
Page 33 and 34: 27ts, rne uontext ot !r.b/lllppolyt
Page 35 and 36: C. The lnterpretation of 1r.67ttavi
Page 37 and 38: 31.acknorledged, though "dic!un" (s
Page 39 and 40: 33The fourth arld flnal potnt is re
Page 41 and 42: 35L'i11 add the verb and bope for t
Page 43 and 44: 37translation that reflects this fa
Page 45 and 46: a scalene trlangle. This i{ou1d exp
Page 47 and 48: u) xdooe I uuo'e4tThis ts the final
Page 49 and 50: 43could be used, For it could be ar
Page 51 and 52: as single'th!ngs' be1ov, pp.57-8. )
Page 53 and 54: 47p.24. Even though they do not rep
Page 55 and 56: 49Even thouah the gloss corfidently
Page 57 and 58:
follons:ou.Ll.duLES o),q' xq.r ouxa
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53terl.on of banality,assunes r,hat
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55from hen !3!!3". Yet thl6 seens v
Page 63 and 64:
clains?" I think he did believe rhi
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59oppos ir es i this is the neanlng
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6lhave been re-introduced falsely o
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63freenan), but it cantrot be rlght
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obher exanples fronl tragedy could
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67to theos are to god.But lrhat are
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seeEs inescapable then that divintt
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71bet\reen H. and Porphyry some cor
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73worthy crlterlon of genuineness,
Page 81 and 82:
75B. The Context of fr.l02As was ne
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77that elLLEg and dikaia funcrion a
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79tlariesthattleantin that one telm
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8lacter does not have true understa
Page 89 and 90:
83aoount of naturlty, insight, or w
Page 91 and 92:
aII; it is divine. cod and man are
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left nith the problen of how Il. co
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89by berit of thel! being at least
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9lli.teral interp!etatlon of Eetacl
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93lrolld view.only then n11I we be
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additton of the \rord ln the other
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97seems to me to be thatthe nordsrr
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99stood the lrord. l.Je find thar h
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101he!e not as a description of lLL
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03C. lnEerpretation of Fr.30As ls o
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meanings and have been underslood,
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107for this lack of support. lirst,
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109certaln early Aon-techolcal Elea
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lrlau thor .Therefore Lt seen6 prob
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113gods or men llade this kosmos'r
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ll5rsystenof 1awsr. Understood in t
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1t7So far so good, but the saying g
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atrd being so rarified could be see
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to his nind the more probable origi
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althar ras an entrenched popular no
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t25aBythLn8 nithout beginnlng and e
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tz7active as r,re1l as a power of d
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t29!tna11y, the conclusion to the g
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. 131at 1arge, but n. 1s the flrst
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to be the nnost original, dlsplayin
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135ls far nore problematlc. How can
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37odd syntax rhich seeus to give ac
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39have not found the opposite expre
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141nhat life and death really are.
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of 362 packs a punch that lhe plaln
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145nen. SorDe of our anclent source
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47These fr!. rdight indeed suggest
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I49tha! humans have a divine elemen
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l,)rhe denied that L|Eh! IIow ue ar
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53insteadof d evot ingsPecia 1 sect
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this sense. When the word appears i
Page 163 and 164:
157etyEology of the l'oril Irom Lhe
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t59Early ek. Thoughr", f43A, 80t194
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61dairn6n in fr.II9 to mean rluck'o
Page 169 and 170:
After a1t, Stobaeus is not a parric
Page 171 and 172:
noEinal sentences. For an author to
Page 173 and 174:
t67D, fr.l19 lnterpretedIlaviIIg ex
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169daiuones (so cuthrie, I,482; cr.
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71are, to have gnonE (878), then ne
Page 179 and 180:
t7 3The meanlng of datnonos hereis
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175is ca 1I ed dain6n" (crat. 398c1
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177and therefore unquestloned, In !
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Fr.l5 (50II, 127Br)The best place t
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punctuatton is correct since e have
Page 189 and 190:
the ntne vat. 6If any doubt .ernain
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185u. svnEax oI Ir.I)Thls saying is
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187!eve1ers, or perhaps tden genera
Page 195 and 196:
189but such a translation can be mi
Page 197 and 198:
91Itr additlon to tlese neanings, t
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193enbarrassment and s}lar e of the
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195iii) ANAIAETTATA. When we cone t
Page 203 and 204:
t97says that !hese people would do
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199p9]f91r not the cerenony. The cl
Page 207 and 208:
201the particle 68. Early style did
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203clearest example of this type of
Page 211 and 212:
205Nike, a satyr, and two Maenads.
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,1The eonnection of llades rith dea
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209their rites are non-harnful Jusr
Page 217 and 218:
2tl(aoaidestata) if they did not do
Page 219 and 220:
person 1s free to read fr.68 in any
Page 221 and 222:
CHAPIER 4:C0NCIL:S IO)lour iovestlg
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217Another conioon Greek belief fro
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has argued (Kahn, 11, 19, 269, 277)
Page 227 and 228:
221tire conEon state of affairs aro
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223na ric rr^^ai af..i.,L.rion that
Page 231 and 232:
225bl-ri in iris lnplicacion that u
Page 233 and 234:
227rarae aves ilr ancient tioesr an
Page 235 and 236:
229us off fror the naLural Civinity
Page 237 and 238:
23rDiogenes ln B5 (DK: II,6I, l1-4)
Page 239 and 240:
233says in his Ck, Lexicosraphical
Page 241 and 242:
235srressing thaE it is idenlica1 o
Page 243 and 244:
,Jv* -c6g' doiroe ori &.(r"-or y r'
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Ilouever, Ehe precis€ relat lonsh
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24Ithat was a1k'ays preselrt ilr th
Page 249 and 250:
243New TestanenE sense, a sense rxi
Page 251 and 252:
245ignorant of it. The question is'
Page 253 and 254:
241an account.'r once se suppose \r
Page 255 and 256:
249c. NoTE 0n PERStrIIoNE A-'D HnAK
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25rThe reason that the nentlonof Pe
Page 259 and 260:
253very si:ilar,ihaE Ephesur' cuLE
Page 261 and 262:
255tieraclitus of Ephesus. Intro. a
Page 263 and 264:
257Erffa, C. E. F. von. AfAOt und v
Page 265 and 266:
259"Gr Certain FragEen!s of the Pre
Page 267 and 268:
261McKay, K. J. "Anbivalenr AIACI i
Page 269 and 270:
negnJrr, tuns.1967 -Ancieo! Views o
Page 271 and 272:
26sr2(19s9) , 297 ."Ileraclitus B 8
Page 273 and 274:
TIIE THEOLOGY OF HEMCLITUS: A PRESO
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The Theology of Heraclitus: a Presocratic Pantheism

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