To What Extent Is The Youth System Fair and ... - Nelson Education

Chapter Two (grade 9)To What Extent Is The Youth System Fair and Equitable?TRUE/FALSE1. The justice system’s main objective is to treat victims and offenders youth with fairness and equity.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, DM OBJ: p. 54LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.52. A society’s justice system is directly related to the quality of life of its citizens.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 55LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.53. If you are arrested you have the right to have your parents present during questioning.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, DM, A OBJ: p. 59LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.4, 9.1.5.24. The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) deals with youth between the ages of 13–18.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, DM OBJ: p. 62LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.55. The Criminal Code of Canada is the law that defines the consequences that youth will face forcriminal offences.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 62 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.46. A judge has the choice of passing an adult sentence to a youth 14 years and older who has committed acrime.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 63 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5.27. The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) ensures that young people who commit the same crime facethe same consequences.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, Th/C, DMOBJ: p. 64 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5.38. Police consider the circumstances of a young offender when administering a consequence for a crimecommitted.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 65LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.4.2, 9.1.5.49. Young offenders are not mature enough to understand the crime they have committed.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 66

LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.4, 9.1.610. Research shows that the younger a person is when they break the law, the more likely they are tocommit a crime again.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 68 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.5.311. If you are chosen for jury duty, employers have to give you the time off, but they do not have to payyou.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, Th/COBJ: p. 76 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.6, 9.1.6.312. The community administers justice to First Nations youth; Elders have no role in this process.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, DM OBJ: p. 81LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.3, 9.1.7, 9.1.7.413. Jurors remain anonymous for the time that they are in court, after the trial is over they may revealthemselves.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 77LOC: 9.1.6, 9.1.514. The John Howard Society believes that youth involved in criminal activities need seriousconsequences to make communities safe.ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 79LOC: 9.1.5.1, 9.1.615. When you get caught breaking the law, you no longer have choices about what happens to you.ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 59 LOC: 9.1.8, 9.1.5, 9.1.6MULTIPLE CHOICE1. The Canadian Government passes laws that are fair and equitable. This means that lawsa. take into account the race of the criminal. c. take into account individual needs andcircumstances.b. evaluate the severity of the crime d. are responsive to people’s income.committed.ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 54 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.52. Understanding the opinions of others, and sharing your own opinions with legislators, is a way toinfluence government decision making and to affecta. youth consequences. c. juror decisions.b. quality of life. d. judicial procedures.ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 56 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.6

3. If you are arrested you can do all the following except:a. remain silent. c. leave and return with a lawyer.b. have your guardians with you. d. call a lawyer.ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, COBJ: p. 59 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.64. The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) was passed by parliament toa. ensure adults were not treated as youth. c. allow for fair punishment of youngoffenders.b. to protect young criminals from media d. to deal fairly with 11–19 year old victims.exploitation.ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 62 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.65. A media journalist may publish a young offender’s name ifa. the crime committed is murder. c. the judge allows them to.b. they receive an adult sentence d. the criminal is a repeat offender.ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 63LOC: 9.1.1,9.1.5, 9.1.66. Before the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) all young offenders werea. given consequences immediately. c. given counseling and community service.b. charged and went to court. d. protected from media exploitation.ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/COBJ: p. 64 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.67. All the following factors are considered when determining consequences for young offenders except:a. the age of the offender. c. the offender’s culture.b. the seriousness of the offence. d. the attitude of the offender.ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM,Th/COBJ: p. 65 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.6, 9.1.6.28. Anne McLellan, Canada’s Minister of Justice in 2003 believed that criminal activitya. should be severely punished. c. is due to the high unemployment rate.b. is a fault of parenting. d. is a shared responsibility.ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U, Th/C OBJ: p. 66LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.6,9.1.6.39. Most young offenders get in trouble with the lawa. only once in their life. c. if they are of lower socioeconomic status.b. if their siblings are delinquents. d. at school.ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 68LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.4, 9.1.5, 9.1.610. As a young offender you may choose to be tried by aa. civil servant. c. police officer.b. lawyer in an office. d. judge and jury.

ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 76LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.4, 9.1.511. Elders of First Nations believe in all of the following statements except:a. culture is the root of one’s identity. c. integration into the community needs to beimmediate.b. the community is hurt by one person. d. truth and peace are important.ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, Th/COBJ: p. 81, 82 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.7, 9.1.7.512. The process of validating your opinion is toa. evaluate, analyze and reflect on yourthoughts.b. reflect, share and analyze on yourthoughts.c. share, evaluate and record your thoughts.d. analyze, record and share your thoughts.ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: DM, Th/C OBJ: p. 83LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.3, 9.1.413. Canada’s justice system strives toa. protect society and provide consequences c. understand advocacy groups for youth.for those that break the law.b. protect the reputation of the system. d. punish offenders.ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U DM,Th/COBJ: p. 54 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.514. If a young offender does not complete their community work they are sent toa. jail. c. a group home.b. court. d. counseling.ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 64LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.4, 9.1.5COMPLETION1. The youth justice system is fair and _____________________ to both offenders and victims.ANS: equitablePTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 54 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.32. If you are arrested you have the right to go to court with a _____________________.ANS: lawyerPTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 59 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.53. The Criminal Code of Canada is used for _____________________ offenders.ANS: adultPTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 62 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.6

4. The factors reviewed prior to administering a consequence to a young offender are the seriousness ofthe crime, the teen’s life circumstances; their life history and their _____________________.ANS: attitudePTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, Th/C OBJ: p. 65LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.65. The YCJA wants to ensure that consequences of an offence are ____________________.ANS: meaningfulPTS: 1 REF: K/U A, Th/C OBJ: p. 67LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.6, 9.1.6.26. A priority of the courts is a victim’s ____________________.ANS: needsPTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 70 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.3, 9.1.67. People are excused from jury duty only if they can prove undue ____________________.ANS: hardshipPTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 76 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.5.18. Jurors remain ___________________ during and after the trial.ANS: anonymousPTS: 1 REF: K/U, DM OBJ: p. 77 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.5.19. The Elizabeth Fry Society focuses on justice issues for _____________________.ANS: womenPTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM OBJ: p. 79 LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.610. ____________________ is the key to the First Nations Elders’ approach to justice and is the root oftheir identity.ANS: culturePTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, Th/C OBJ: p. 81LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.6, 9.1.7MATCHINGa. justice system e. advocacy groupsb. reintegrate f. rehabilitate

c. juror g. sentenced. Youth Criminal Justice Act h. legislation1. strives to protect society and the innocent2. laws3. defines the consequences young people face for criminal offences4. provide training and counselling for future positive development5. provide positive opportunities for community participation6. uses evidence and the law to reach a verdict during a trial7. solve underlying reasons for crime and provide public education about laws and the justice system8. a consequence for a crime1. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 62LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.32. ANS: H PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 56LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.33. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 54LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.34. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p.67LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.35. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 67LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.36. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 76LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.37. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 79LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.38. ANS: G PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A OBJ: p. 62LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.5, 9.1.4, 9.1.3SHORT ANSWER1. Do you agree or disagree with the statement that young offenders should be administered harsherconsequences for crimes to ensure that they are not repeat offenders. Why or why not?ANS:Answers may vary but could addressAgree- The Youth Criminal Justice Act does not prevent crimes commited by young offenders.- Harsher consquences will deter youth from commiting crime.- Harsh consquences will provide more justice for the victims.Disagree- The importance of maturity on the attitude and the value system of the individual.- Youth may have specific circumstances or barriers that affect their choices.- Potential for rehabilitation; young offenders are still young enough to be counselled to change theirways.- In some cases, young offenders are also victims and need protection.- Young offenders need another chance.- Young offenders are too young to handle harsh consequences.PTS: 1 REF: K/U, L, DM, C OBJ: p. 61-71LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.3, 9.1.6

ESSAY1. When a young offender has committed a crime do you think their identity should be revealed to thepublic? Is it more important to protect the young offender or be concerned about public safety? Makesure to express your opinion and to provide reasons for your answer. You may want to add exampleswhere applicable.ANS:Answers may vary but could includeRevealing identity- is in the public interest.- the public has a right to know.- is in the interest of public safety.- is in the interest of justice; offenders need to face the full consequences of their actions.Not revealing identity- takes into account the high potential for rehabilition.- protects the offender from prejudice later in life.- also protects the victims from being identified in some cases.- recognizes that young offenders are different from adult offenders.PTS: 1 REF: K/U, A, DM, L, Th/C OBJ: p. 62, 63, 66, 68, 70LOC: 9.1.1, 9.1.2, 9.1.3, 9.1.5, 9.1.6