IranIran: News Happens, But Fewer Journalists AreThere to Report ItIn a time of global engagement—economic, political, environmental, energyand health, to name a few—budget cuts at news organizations severely limitforeign news coverage.BY MARK SEIBELWhen Iranians go to the pollsin June, McClatchy’s WarrenP. Strobel will be there. Butwe almost didn’t send him. After all,we hadn’t gone to Mumbai for lastyear’s terrorist attack, nor had we sentanyone to Mexico for the emergenceof this year’s flu outbreak. Wedebated long and hard aboutwhether to send someone withPresident Obama to the Summitof the Americas before agreeingthat we would let The MiamiHerald provide coverage for ournewspapers—without the expertiseof either of McClatchy’s WhiteHouse correspondents.We did send Steven Thomma, aMcClatchy White House reporter,to Europe to cover Obama’s tourthere. He didn’t travel to andfrom Europe with the WhiteHouse press corps, however. Itwas cheaper for him to get thereon his own and then begin hisreporting with the President inLondon.Tired of reading about newspapereconomics and what they’ve done tonewsgathering? Maybe you should juststop here. There’s no mistaking thatthe country’s economic malaise—andthe news industry’s inability to comeup with a surefire way to make moneyon the Internet—has taken a huge tollon the American news media’s abilityto track what goes on in the world.It’s enough to make one long for thegood old days when we could lay offreporters and insist with a straight facethat there would be no change in ourability to cover the news. No more.The last year of layoffs, cutbacks andconsolidations have hurt. Bad.The broadcast networks have all butshuttered their overseas bureaus. Thelist of newspapers that have abandonedthe international playing field is a longone. Cox, Newsday, The (Baltimore)Sun, and The Boston Globe haveThere’s no mistaking that the country’seconomic malaise—and the newsindustry’s inability to come up with asurefire way to make money on theInternet—has taken a huge toll on theAmerican news media’s ability to trackwhat goes on in the world.eliminated their international newsbureaus entirely. The Dallas MorningNews has cut back to just coverage ofMexico, as has the Houston Chronicle.The Miami Herald, once the newspaperof Latin America, pretty much nowstaffs stories only in Cuba and theCaribbean. The Chicago Tribune andthe Los Angeles Times are workingthrough a painful consolidation thatwill cut the total number of TribuneCompany correspondents in the fieldby half; they’ve already made a similarconsolidation of their Washingtonbureaus. The New York Times chargesgamely ahead, mortgaging its headquarters,borrowing at usurious ratesfrom someone it should be investigating,refusing to slash its newsroom staff,and chalking up losses in the scoresof millions of dollars. Let’s hope therereally is a better day ahead.Cuts and CompromiseBy comparison, maybe the newsfrom McClatchy isn’t so bad. Despitean agonizing series of cuts,we’ve kept our foreign bureaus.We still have operations in China,Israel, Iraq, Egypt, Russia, Kenya,Mexico and Venezuela. We’ve hadthree reporters in Afghanistanrecently for extended stays—our Pentagon correspondent,another member of the nationalsecurity team, and our Moscowbureau chief. We have a veryproductive stringer in Pakistan,and Jonathan S. Landay, one ofthe team that won accolades fordebunking the Bush administration’sIraq WMD myth, will soonspend time there.But we are not running at full steamin a world that deserves it. We’ve hada South Asia bureau in our budgetfor the past three years; I’m certainit will never open. The persistent hiringfreeze has kept us from filling theMexico City bureau with a full-timecorrespondent, even as drug crimeexplodes. When Hannah Allam tookher leave to join the 2009 class of<strong>Nieman</strong> Fellows, we couldn’t replaceher, and Egypt remained vacant. HerCambridge time ends just as our Baghdadbureau chief, Leila Fadel, rotateshome, and she won’t be replaced; we’llcover Iraq with reporters rotated in38 <strong>Nieman</strong> Reports | Summer 2009
The Western Viewfrom the United States, and Hannahknows that she’ll be spending muchof her time there, too. China, too, liesfallow; Tim Johnson has gone off towrite a book. We’ll rotate people infor six weeks at a stretch, but a lotof expertise will go missing.I know, if I worked for the RockyMountain News or the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, I’d think this soundedlike heaven. At least we’re still doingthe work we love. And we’ve gottencreative to stretch our dollars. We’renow exchanging copy with The ChristianScience Monitor; McClatchy takestheir work from Mexico and Indiaand we give them our stories fromSouth America and Africa. It’s howwe covered Mumbai and the flu. Thebarter system lives.McClatchy also is dedicated tokeeping its Washington and foreignoperation; corporate has made thatclear. But the economic situation ishardly predictable. When I went awayfor a few weeks of vacation in February,I was assured that while cutbackswere likely throughout the chain, theWashington bureau wasn’t expectedto take a big hit. When I returned,the message was different: We cutexpenses by more than 20 percent,everyone took a pay cut, and twopeople lost their jobs—a big blow ina small bureau.When the State Department recentlyasked the news organizations thatregularly cover it to agree on a newrotation system to decide who wouldtravel with Hillary Clinton, we puzzled:Was it better to pick the system thatwould give us the most opportunitiesto travel or the one that would makeit so we wouldn’t have to say “no” asoften? The problem with those rotationsis that if you decline too often,you’re disinvited. Still, any invitationto travel with the secretary now getsweighed carefully: Is she going to someplace we already have someone near?Is she likely to make big news? Arethe editors of our local papers likely tocare? It’s a pretty high threshold at atime when we are trying to hold ontoas many of our diminishing dollarsas possible for coverage of America’sThe Iran news page of McClatchy’s Web site.shooting wars. This year, we haven’tgone on any trips.Which brings us back around toIran. We’ve gotten great stories out ofIran before, and Hannah’s done somewonderful work there, and Warren,too. We even have a section on ourWeb site devoted to the topic, www.mcclatchydc.com/iran/, and U.S.-Iranrelations are in flux. Obama supposedlyis trying to reach out, Ahmadinejadcould well lose, and the future of thewhole nuclear program could be inthe balance.Most important of all, journalistvisas have been hard to come by, andIran is making them available forthe election. In the end, that madethe decision for us. But not withoutcost: Our Pentagon correspondentslong-planned trip to Afghanistan wascancelled. That’s the sort of balancingact today’s economy forces us tomake. Mark Seibel, a 1992 <strong>Nieman</strong> Fellow,is managing editor for online news inMcClatchy’s Washington, D.C. bureau.In 1984 he joined The Miami Heraldas its foreign editor, where for nearly20 years he directed that newspaper’sextensive international coverage, includingthe expansion in the reach ofits International Edition. He becameMcClatchy’s editor in charge of internationaland national security coveragein 2003, a position he held untilassuming his current role in 2008.During the Gulf War in 1991 and theMarch 2003 invasion of Iraq, he wasassigned to Knight Ridder’s Washingtonbureau (then, the parent companyof The Miami Herald) to oversee coverageof those stories.<strong>Nieman</strong> Reports | Summer 2009 39
- Page 1: N ieman ReportsTHE NIEMAN FOUNDATIO
- Page 4 and 5: The Web and Iran: Digital Dialogue4
- Page 6 and 7: Iran: Can Its Stories Be Told?On a
- Page 8 and 9: Iranmeeting. But the person she was
- Page 10 and 11: IranThe income “good” journalis
- Page 12 and 13: IranGiant placards of the former an
- Page 14 and 15: IranTraditional women in Hormozgan
- Page 16 and 17: IranWhen Eyes Get Averted: The Cons
- Page 18 and 19: IranIn late April, with Roxana Sabe
- Page 20 and 21: Iranjust meet them in their offices
- Page 22 and 23: IranAN ESSAY IN WORDS AND PHOTOGRAP
- Page 24 and 25: IranFABRIC STORE, IRAN, 1979For mon
- Page 26 and 27: IranIRAN, 1980, AYATOLLAH KHOMEINIA
- Page 28 and 29: IranFilm in Iran: The Magazine and
- Page 30 and 31: IRANIAN JOURNALISTS | Women Reporte
- Page 32 and 33: IranUnfortunately, in a society tha
- Page 34 and 35: IRAN | VIEW FROM THE WESTSeven Visa
- Page 36 and 37: IranNo Man’s Land Inside an Irani
- Page 38 and 39: IranA young girl wore a headband an
- Page 42 and 43: IranWhen the Predictable Overtakes
- Page 44 and 45: THE WEB AND IRAN | Digital Dialogue
- Page 46 and 47: Iranafter he had softened his posit
- Page 48 and 49: IranThe Virtual Iran Beat‘Speakin
- Page 50 and 51: Iranwas president, the media remain
- Page 52 and 53: 21st Century MuckrakersThe Challeng
- Page 54 and 55: 21st Century Muckrakerslitical part
- Page 56 and 57: 21st Century MuckrakersFish and Mer
- Page 58 and 59: 21st Century Muckrakerspolice and t
- Page 60 and 61: 21st Century MuckrakersMining the C
- Page 62 and 63: 21st Century MuckrakersThere is no
- Page 64 and 65: 21st Century Muckrakersto keep an e
- Page 66 and 67: 21st Century Muckrakerswith examini
- Page 68 and 69: 21st Century Muckrakersthan two-doz
- Page 70 and 71: 21st Century Muckrakersof the legis
- Page 72 and 73: 21st Century MuckrakersGoing to Whe
- Page 74 and 75: 21st Century Muckrakersone of the S
- Page 76 and 77: 21st Century MuckrakersWatchdogging
- Page 78 and 79: 21st Century Muckrakersspecial dist
- Page 80 and 81: WORDS & REFLECTIONSObjectivity: It
- Page 82 and 83: Words & ReflectionsWorshipping the
- Page 84 and 85: Words & ReflectionsWhen Belief Over
- Page 86 and 87: Words & Reflectionsthat its practit
- Page 88 and 89: Words & Reflectionsthem like trophi
- Page 90 and 91:
Words & ReflectionsA young woman in
- Page 92 and 93:
Words & ReflectionsThe Dublin Fish
- Page 94 and 95:
Words & Reflectionsfied), pro-milit
- Page 96 and 97:
Words & Reflectionsabundantly appar
- Page 98 and 99:
Words & Reflectionssaid, ‘but I
- Page 100 and 101:
Nieman Notesmoney for the arrest an
- Page 102 and 103:
Nieman Notesfrom The Tennessean. Sh
- Page 104 and 105:
Nieman NotesKirstin Downey’s book
- Page 106 and 107:
Nieman NotesThe PRI series, edited
- Page 108:
VOL. 63 NO. 2 SUMMER 2009 IRAN: CAN