NEouorADrN RonrANrAEDITORI:l-Aszr'o nArosYLAURAMOMEUPRESA UNTERSTrARA CLUIEANA2009
Ncobiota din Romaniai 66-97 ISBN 978-973-61 0-923-2Neophytes in RomaniaPaulina Auesresru & Gavril NEGRE NIi is widely knowr that the alien plam species, invasive and poteltially invasive, represents anintemational priority and also a national one. Based on lots of bibliographical sourccs, herbaria sheetsand field observations of the autboN. a complete list of neoph)'tcs from Romania was done. we identified365 ncophytes, 38 among these being invasivc. For each taxon wc mentioned and analyzodi o.igin'life form. dist'ibution in Rornania, way oi introduction, abundance, invasive status, impact on natxmlecosystems, cconomic impact This tist represents an impodant step to initiate actions for napping andnonitoring neophtaes, as well as to elaborate measures ofprevention and control of the invasive plantKey words: neoph]'tes, complete list oftaxa, casual, invasive, naturalized, origin,life folm, distribution,way of introduction, impact, RomaniaIntroductioncenerally, identiryhg the alien plants fioma counfiy and especia]ly those invasive represmtscrcate a complete database fbr all alien plants liomRomania (ANASTASIU & NICREAN 2005: 87-96).It was also published a black list of invasive anda prio ty of intemationals programmes of biodiversityconservation. Thus, the Clobal Shategy for of habitats from Romania (ANASTASIU & NEGREANpotentially invasive alien plants in different R?esPlant Conservation adopted in 2002 at Haga foresees2005: 107-114). We mention that DTHoRU (2004)the achievement ofnational list for alien inva-published a list ofinvasive plants but is a selectivesive species till the end of 2004 and the elaboration one andcomprises, besidefewalien plants from Romanianflom, native species tlat, favoured by someofcontrol mea.ufes for lhe Inosl dggressi\e.pecieotill the end of2006. Also, Invasive Species SpecialistGroup recommends as an important action toprevent losses caused by invasive plants to compilefacto6, can cover large areas in some ecosystems.At the regional level, recent rcsearches on alienplants were done only for Moldavia. These researchesnational, regional, and global black lists for thes€plants (http:/wwwissg.org/index.htrnl). conducted to a comprehensive listta-xa (SiRBu 2004).275At European level comprehensive lists ofalien species have been done in countde such as:Great Britain (CLrMrNr& FosrER 1994; RvvEs etal. 1996), Gema.Dy (KUEHN & Krorz 2002), Suisse(WEBER 1999), Poland (ZArAc 1979, only lbr archaeophytes),Czech Republic (PysrK et al. 2002), Finland(tIrn'rur 2001) (afterPYSEK et al. 2002), Austria(EssL et al. 2002) etc. These lists contain infolmationsabout naturalization status, time and way ofintroduction, ecological, biological and chorologicaldata.Researches on the populations of non-nativespecies, invasive and potentially invasive, and theirimpacr on ndli\e communilre. represenls a priorityof biodiversity rcsearches at nationalevel too(MrH.irlEscu & FArcA 2004: 130)- Thus, at tle Universityof Bucharest the project ,,Identification ofalien invasive and potcntially invasive plants in Romaniaand assessement ofthe impact on natural andseminatural habitats, in view oftaking measues forprevention and confiol" (CNCSIS code 1107) startedin 2004. The main target of this project was toAlien pldnls iJenti6calion in Romania. especralll ofrhose inra'ire and polentiall) in!a.i\e.is not a rccently activity. Their presence has beenmentioned at the end of the I 8'r' century (GoMB6cz1945: 73). In the 19d century numerous alien plantswere signalled in seveml systematic or floristic works(BAUMGARTEN 1816; RocHEr 1828, HFLTFFEL 1858;SCHUR 1866; SrMoNr.Al 1887; BRANDZA 1879-1883;GREcEScu 1898 etc.). All thes€ aliens were synthetizedin ,Flora Romaniei", vol. l-13 (S,{vul-tscu1952-lq7o and more recently in ,,Flom Ilustratl aRomaniei" (CrociRLAN 2000). Numerous scientifl cuorl" relatirg Lhe ueed" uere elabomled in agricultureand silvicullure fields (RoMAN& ENrscu1914; BurA. 1939; PRoDAN 1946; IoNEscu-$IsESrI1955; TIMU$ 1940, 1942; ENEscu & ANGAr\ar 1924etc.). ANGHEL et al. (1972) synthetized a major paftofthese works. An atlas ofweeds was published, attemptingthe mapping of the main species from ourcountJ (CHrRrLi, CIoCARLAN & BERCA 2002). Theimportance ofallochtonous pla.nts study is indicatedalso by the great number of PhD Thesis dedicated66
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