DNA Study Guide â Some questions have been dropped, they are ...
DNA Study Guide â Some questions have been dropped, they are ...
DNA Study Guide â Some questions have been dropped, they are ...
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<strong>DNA</strong> <strong>Study</strong> <strong>Guide</strong> – <strong>Some</strong> <strong>questions</strong> <strong>have</strong> <strong>been</strong> <strong>dropped</strong>, <strong>they</strong> <strong>are</strong> highlighted in yellow.Definitions- define the following terms1. Allele2. Amplification3. Autoradiagraphy4. Chromosome5. CODIS6. Codon7. Denaturation8. Electrophoresis9. Fingerprinting10. Gamete11. Gene12. Genotype13. Genome14. Heterozygous15. Homozygous16. Locus17. Meiosis18. Mitosis19. Mutation20. Nucleotide21. Phenotype22. Polymer23. Polymerase24. Primers25. Probe26. Protein27. Restrictionenzymes28. Variablenumbertandem repeats<strong>DNA</strong> and Testing1. Who primarily discovered the 3-D model of <strong>DNA</strong>? When?2. Who developed PCR testing?3. Who is credited with the most fundamental work in genetics? When?4. Traits <strong>are</strong> controlled by <strong>DNA</strong> that arises its ability to produce ______________.5. Proteins <strong>are</strong> made by linking together a combination of 20 _____________ ________________.6. How many chromosome pairs does the body <strong>have</strong>? How many <strong>are</strong> body chromosomes? Sex chromosomes?7. What <strong>are</strong> the four base pairs of <strong>DNA</strong>? (spell them out correctly)8. What type of bond holds the base pairs together?9. What two substances make up the “sides of the <strong>DNA</strong> ladder?10. Name the sugars that make up <strong>DNA</strong> and RNA.11. Comp<strong>are</strong> and contrast <strong>DNA</strong> and RNA. Include which ones, both, or neither: uracil, thymine, single stranded,double stranded, contains bases-sugar-phosphate groups, contains genetic information, is a nucleotide<strong>DNA</strong> TypingIdentify which technique is being described: RFLP, PCR, STR, any combination it may be, or neither1. Requires high molecular weight <strong>DNA</strong>2. Uses denaturing, annealing, and extensionwithin the process3. Uses STR’s of 3 to 7 bases4. Uses radioactive probes to visualize <strong>DNA</strong>5. Is accurate 100% of the time6. Can be used with degraded <strong>DNA</strong> samples7. Uses capillary electrophoresis8. Uses a transfer process called Southern blotting9. Amplifies sample by PCR10. Can be done with a very small amount of <strong>DNA</strong>11. Uses primers to combine with known strands of<strong>DNA</strong>12. Uses restriction enzymes13. Can exonerate a suspect14. Can produce large quantities of the <strong>DNA</strong>15. Uses the genetic marker DQA116. Uses the genetic marker TH01Be able to answer <strong>questions</strong> using a gel:1. How many primers were used?2. Do any suspects match the evidence?3. The bands represent the number of times that the VNTR locations do what?
4. Which <strong>DNA</strong> typing process was used? Describe this process.5. What enzyme did we use?6. Why did you measure the distance each band traveled?Answer the following <strong>questions</strong> using your STR lab:1. What is the sex of the person?2. How many loci <strong>are</strong> represented in this chart?3. How many loci <strong>are</strong> best for STRs?4. How can you tell if a locus is heterozygous? Homozygous? Give examples of the loci from the lab that representboth.
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