Back to the Moon with Nuclear Rockets

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21 st CENTURYSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYVol. 12, No. 2Summer 1999Features1 § The Scientific Basis of the New Biological ParadigmVladimir Voeikov, Ph.DThe stable non-equilibrium that characterizes living processesbelies the reductionist view of biology today, and leads the waya real understanding of biological processes, beyond the SecondLaw of Thermodynamics\ 9 Introduction: What Western Scientists Can Learn from theVernadsky-Gurwitsch-Bauer SchoolJonathan Tennenbaum34 A View from Space: The Discovery ofNonlinear Waves in the Ocean's Near-Surface LayerRobert E. Stevenson, Ph.D4oSolitons, suloys, and spiral eddies are the turbulent phenomenathat make up the near-surface layer of the ocean—defying linearcomputer models that desdribe ocean and climate dynamics.America's pioneer space oCeanographer reports on how theywere discovered from space.How Can Gamma-Ray Bursts Be Explained?LotharKompThe direction in which astronomers are looking for an answer m. tyhave problems as great as the direction they have ruled out.54 Gamma-Ray Bursts Not Local, But Not That Far Away!Halton Arp56 Back to the Moon with Nuclear RocketsMarsha FreemanA Moon shuttle trip will be only a 24-hour commute—if we gonuclear.The intense polit calbattle fought by theAmerican nationalistindustrialist fac ttpn,of which Thomas divesson was a part, co nesalive in historian [\n-ton Chaitkin's reviewof a recent Edifonbiography, p. 76NewsSPECIAL REPORT8 Boron Neutron Capture Therapy:An Elegant TechnologyThat May Save LivesLinden BlueNUCLEAR REPORT13 Radiation Protection Policy:A PrimerDr. TheodoreRockwellBIOLOGY AND MEDICINE16 'Medical'MarijuanaIs a Dangerous FraudColin LowryFUSION REPORT64 Table-Top, Ultrashort Pulse LaserDefines Frontier of ScienceCharles B. StevensDepartments2 EDITORIAL3 LETTERS4 VIEWPOINTCan Cyberspace ChildrenBecome Engineers?Henry Petroski6 NEWS BRIEFSRESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS66 Space Probe AccelerationAnomalies Suggest NonequivalenceBenedetto Soldano, Ph.D.70 Entropy of the Universe andLittle Black Hole ManifestationsMario Rabinowitz,76 BOOKS87 BOOKS RECEIVEDPh.D.On the cover: A nuclear rocket-poweredtransfer stage leaving Earth orbit, carryinga passenger transport module on a 24-hour trip to the Moon. Illustration courtesyof Dr. Stanley Borowski/NASA; cover designby Rosemary Moak.Edison National Historical Site, National Park Service
EDITORIAL STAFFManaging EditorMarjorie Mazel HechtAssociate EditorsElijah C. BoydDavid CherryMarsha FreemanLaurence HechtCarol HuguninColin M. LowryRogelio A. MaduraJim OlsonCharles B. StevensMark WilseyBooksDavid CherryArt DirectorRosemary MoakAdvertising ManagerMarsha FreemanSCIENTIFIC ADVISORY BOARDFrancesco Celani, Ph.D.Hugh W. Elisaesser, Ph.D.Bertha Farfan, M.D.James Frazer, Ph.D.John Grauerholz, M.D.Emmanuel GrenierLyndon H. LaRouche, Jr.Wolfgang Lillge, M.D.Ramtanu MaitraGiuliano Preparata, Ph.D.B.A. Soldano, Ph.D.Robert E. Stevenson, Ph.D.Jonathan Tennenbaum, Ph.D.Daniel R. Wells, Ph.D.21st Century Science & Technology(ISSN 0895-6820) is published 4 times ayear in 1999, every third month, by 21 st CenturyScience Associates, 60 Sycolin Road,Suite 203, Leesburg, Va. 20175. Tel. (703)777-7473.Address all correspondence to 21st Century,P.O. Box 16285. Washington, D.C.20041.Second-class postage is paid at Leesburg,Va. and additional mailing offices.21st Century is dedicated to the promotionof endless scientific progress, ail directedto serve the proper common aims ofmankind.Opinions expressed in articles are not necessarilythose of 21 st Century Science Associatesor the scientific advisory board.We are not responsible for unsolicitedmanuscripts.Subscriptions by mail are $25 for 6 issuesor $48 for 12 issues in the USA and Canada.Airmail subscriptions to other countries are$50 for 6 issues. Back issues are $5 each($6 foreign). Payments must be in U.S. currency.POSTMASTER-. Send address changesto 21st Century, P.O. Box 16285, Washington,D.C. 20041-0285.Copyright ©199921st Century Science AssociatesPrinted in the USA ISSN 0895-6820EDITORIALScience and National SecurityThe individuals that produced (or believe)the Cox Report suffer from thesame fatal flaw as those who campaignto downsize America's national laboratories:They have no idea what real scienceor real national security is.On the question of science, as wehave stressed in many different articles,scientific discovery is not a matter ofamassing "facts" and complex computerprograms in which to logically arraythem, or patenting recipes for inventions.Scientific discovery occurs becausethere are minds absorbed in solving aproblem, posing a paradox, and stickingwith it, concentrating on finding a solution,and freely discussing their ideaswith others. The history of the U.S. nationallaboratories, the science cities ofRussia and Japan, and the great universityresearch laboratories demonstratesthe potential for continuous advances inscience and technology to keep a strongeconomy growing—which is the onlythe source of true national security.The Cox Report is aimed at destroyingthe Clinton administration's policy of engagementwith China, the world's mostpopulous nation, and the leading nationtoday that is putting into practice theAmerican System methods—investmentin science, technology, and infrastructureprojects—that built America as anindustrial, science-based nation.No scientists contributed to the opinionsof the Cox Report. It is, to use thewords of Democratic Presidential precandidateLyndon LaRouche, "a scientificallyilliterate hoax," which, with nofactual basis, alleges that leaks from U.S.national laboratories enabled the Chineseto develop sophisticated defensetechnologies. The arguments and nonsciencepresented by the Cox Report areludicrous. Their effect will be to furtherconstrict research on the frontiers of scienceat our national laboratories—advancednuclear science, fusion energy,and many other new areas. In short, U.S.national security, what the minds behindthe Cox Report purport to protect, willbe severely damaged.Edward Teller, the nation's leadingnuclear weapons scientist, wrote in theMay 14 New York Times, "The right prescriptionfor safety is not reaction to dangersthat are arising, but rather actionleading to more knowledge, and, onehopes, toward positive interaction betweennations." Teller, a former directorof the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory,and the "father" of the U.S. hydrogenbomb, compared the stealing ofnuclear secrets by the Soviet Union ahalf century ago, to the recent allegationsthat China has stolen U.S. nuclearweapons secrets.Then, Dr. Teller states, it was verylikely that the Soviet nuclear weaponsprogram benefitted materially from theinformation that had been leaked toKlaus Fuchs, among others. "The situationis in sharp contrast to the presentposition of the Chinese scientists. Theyhave had 50 years to consider the possibilitiesthat we kept secret. It seems to beprobable that the Chinese must havemade discoveries that made the addedknowledge from intelligence less important."Teller also compared the reaction tothe current accusations by politicians inWashington, to those after the Fuchscase was discovered. Then, Teller recalls,President Truman "imposed no additionalmeasures for security. Insteadwe have clear knowledge that the disclosuresby Fuchs caused Truman to call foraccelerated work on all aspects of nuclearweapons." The result was that theUnited States kept ahead of the Soviet effort.Teller, who has waged a 40-year campaignto declassify science, laments thatthe "proposed remedy" today is "moresecurity, including exclusion from participationof people from abroad." Hesays: "Let us remember that past militarysuccesses have been accomplished byremarkable people from abroad—for instance,Enrico Fermi. I claim that ourcontinuing security is acquired by newknowledge rather than by conserving oldknowledge."Summer 1999 21st CENTURY EDITORIAL
Page 1: CENTURYSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYSUMMER 1
Page 5 and 6: VIEWPOINTCan Children of Cyberspace
Page 7 and 8: NEWS BRIEFSNIF TARGET CHAMBER UNVEI
Page 9 and 10: SPECIAL REPORTBORON NEUTRON CAPTURE
Page 11 and 12: potential. For example, Figure 2 sh
Page 13 and 14: features that provide intranuclear
Page 15 and 16: immediately detectable healtheffect
Page 17 and 18: BIOLOGY & MEDICINE'Medical' Marijua
Page 19 and 20: The Scientific BasisOf theNew Biolo
Page 21 and 22: play their full activity only after
Page 23 and 24: Ervin S. Bauer (1900-1937?) was bor
Page 25 and 26: general stock of energy available t
Page 27 and 28: Courtesy of Vladimir VoeikovThe aut
Page 29 and 30: matter, while those that receive it
Page 31 and 32: Gurwitsch's Famous'Onion Experiment
Page 33 and 34: Courtesy of Vladimir VoeikovAlexand
Page 35 and 36: A VIEW FROM SPACEThe Discovery ofNo
Page 37 and 38: Sea-surface expressions of solitons
Page 39 and 40: photograph matched Osborne's observ
Page 41 and 42: first oceanographer in space (see p
Page 43 and 44: Shearing suloy on the boundary of t
Page 45 and 46: First observation of an open ocean
Page 47 and 48: my eyes, but the photographs wereou
Page 49 and 50: Artist's illustration of NASA's Com
Page 51 and 52: process of supernova explosions,and
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one of NASA's Atlas-Centaur rockets
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Gamma-Ray BurstsNot Local,But Not T
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Back to theMoon withNuclearRocketsb
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higher. Dr. Stanley Borowski from N
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(a) Expendablechemical rocket(LOX/L
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The liquid-oxygen-augmentednuclear
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FUSION REPORTTable-Top, Ultrashort
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RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONSSpace Probe
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of 160.01 minutes is gravitational
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Entropy of the Universe andLittle B
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little black holes. Because little
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Saturn, and copious excess heat gen
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BOOKSCan a Dark Age Discover Edison
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patent. The Palmer associates did e
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Seeing America'sAncient Historyby A
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Old World Travel to Ancient America
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Transoceanic Contacts with AmericaB
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that the Chinese named their asteri
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THE NEAR-SURFACE OCEANFROM SPACESol
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