CITRUS RESEARCH BOARD

CRB Project No. 5200-009___CITRUS RESEARCH BOARDPROJECT PLAN - RESEARCH GRANT PROPOSAL FOR FY2010-2011Fiscal Year: __2010-2011____ Anticipated Duration of Project: __long-term____________________________This Project is: ______ New or ___X__ Ongoing (Year _____ of _____)Project Leader: _Mikeal L. Roose_________________________________________________________________NameLocation: __ Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521______________________Address(University department, if applicable)Mailing Address (if different): ___________________________________________________________________Phone: _951-827-4137_________FAX:_951-827-4437__________ E-Mail:__mikeal.roose@ucr.edu___________Cooperating Personnel: ________________________________________________________________________Project Title: _ Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation ______________________________________________Keywords: __ Citrus, rootstocks, breeding, disease resistance _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Abstract (limit 200 words):(clearly and succinctly state what your project is about why you are doing it and expectedout come and how the industry will use these outcomes)The objectives of this project are to develop improved rootstocks for California citrus and characterize attributes ofexisting rootstocks. New rootstocks are developed by hybridization, the seedlings are propagated, field planted, andlater evaluated for resistance to various diseases and other traits. After these tests, promising selections areevaluated in field trials for tree size, yield, fruit quality, and other traits. In 2010-2011 we expect to have 16 fieldtrials throughout most parts of the state where citrus is produced (except the desert). These trials include promisingrootstocks developed in California, Florida and elsewhere. A new rootstock trial will be planted to evaluate earlyproduction because this may be one component of a strategy to produce citrus profitably in the presence of HLB.Rootstock seedlings are being grown for new trials with Clementine and DaisySL mandarin. Tests of Phytophthoratolerance and salinity started in 2010 will be completed and new tests of these traits and iron chlorosis tolerance willbe initiated. The expected outcomes are identification of new rootstocks with improved combinations of traits thatwill produce higher yields in many California locations. Rootstocks will be released for use by growers andinformation on performance of different rootstocks will be provided to growers._____________________________________________________________________________________________Problem and its Significance*: (include literature review)A major reason that citrus is grown on rootstocks is that it has not been possible to combine desirable fruit qualitytraits with adequate disease resistance and tolerance to environmental stresses. Improved rootstocks may increaseyield and fruit quality, and reduce costs of picking, maintenance, and pest and disease management. Furthermore,new problems continually arise. For example, disease resistance of existing stocks may be overcome by theevolution of new pathotypes, or new diseases may be introduced. A specific example is that, due to the loss of theCTV eradication program in some areas, citrus tristeza may soon become widespread in the San Joaquin Valley. Areplacement rootstock for sour orange on heavy, calcareous soils is now a high priority need. Although rootstocksare not known to confer resistance to HLB, they are a component of the high intensity management systems being______________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed; budget info and signatures will appear on last page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY 2010-2011 2Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation_______________________________________________________________________________________developed in some HLB-affected areas. As economic conditions change, characteristics such as tree size control toreduce topping and picking labor costs become more important. The suitability of a rootstock frequently varies withlocal conditions - rootstocks successful in Florida or Israel are not necessarily successful in California. There is alsoconsiderable variation in performance of different rootstocks within California. Development and testing ofrootstocks requires a long period of evaluation and, therefore, a continuing program of rootstock breeding andevaluation is important for the future of the California citrus industry. A lack of continuity of funding will lead toloss of germplasm and thus decades of progress. The few other citrus rootstock breeding programs in the world(USDA, University of Florida, IVIA-Spain, Argentina and China) do not all release rootstocks for use in California.Literature review: There are no recent, comprehensive reviews of citrus rootstock breeding. Several chapters in arecent book on citrus breeding and biotechnology (Khan, 2007) are relevant, including an overview by Kahn andKender (2007), a chapter on nucellar embryony (Kepiro and Roose, 2007), and parts of the University of Floridabreeding program description (Gmitter et al. 2007). Previously the field was reviewed by Soost and Roose (1996).There are active citrus rootstock breeding programs in several countries with significant citrus industries. Someimportant programs are those at the USDA in Florida (Bowman and Rouse, 2006), University of Florida (Gmitter etal., 2007), IVIA in Spain (Forner et al., 2003), Uruguay (Bisio et al., 2006), China, Argentina, Brazil, South Africaand others, but published descriptions of many of these programs are not available.The University of Florida program, for which a fairly detailed description is available (Gmitter et al., 2007),provides some contrasts to the UCR program. New germplasm is produced by introduction, crossing, somatichybridization, or potentially transgenic methods. Screening trials may be introduced at the single seedling stage (the"raw" hybrid) or delayed until after fruiting (as at UCR). Screening includes most of the same traits, althoughtolerance to flooding and Diaprepes are sometimes tested. Following screening, promising hybrids are planted infield trials at one or more locations. In addition to formal trials, the program includes "opportunistic trials" withlower levels of formal evaluation to test performance of a few rootstocks in specific conditions (soils, pests ordiseases). Economic evaluation is included as one of the criteria before release, however, the program has notreleased any new rootstocks so it is difficult to judge how successful this is.The USDA program based at Ft. Pierce, Florida is directed by Dr. Kim Bowman. The program uses hybridizationselectionmethods similar to those employed in California. Recent releases include US-852 (1999) and US-812(2001) hybrids. US-852 cannot be efficiently propagated by seed (Bowman et al., 1999). US-802 and US-897 werereleased in 2007.We believe that most other programs involve similar stages of hybridization, initial selection after screening tests,and testing in field trials. Particular traits emphasized depend on local problems (eg salinity tolerance is a majorobjective in the program in Australia, tolerance to iron chlorosis is very important in Spain, Florida includes testingfor Diaprepes and Phytophthora palmivora.ReferencesBisio, L., B. Vignale, P. Lombardo, and F. Carrau. 2006. Results of the citrus rootstock breeding program inUruguay. Proc. Intern. Soc. Citriculture 332-336.Bowman, K. D. and R. E. Rouse. 2006. US-812 citrus rootstock. HortScience 41:832-836.Bowman, K. D., H. K. Wutscher, D. T. Kaplan, and J. X. Chaparro. 1999. A new hybrid citrus rootstock for Florida:US-852. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 112:54-55.Forner, J. B., Forner-Giner, M. A., Alcaide, A. 2003. Forner-Alcaide 5 and Forner-Alcaide 13: two new citrusrootstocks released in Spain. HortScience 38:629-630.Gmitter, F. G. Jr., J. W. Grosser, W. S. Castle, and G. A. Moore. 2007. A comprehensive citrus geneticimprovement programme. In: Khan, I. A. (ed.). Citrus Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology. CAB____________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY 2010-2011 3Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation_______________________________________________________________________________________International, Wallingford, U.K., pp 9-18.Khan, I. A. (ed.). 2007. Citrus Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology. CAB International, Wallingford, U.K..Soost, R. K. and M. L. Roose. 1996. Citrus, p. 257-323. In Janick, J. and J. N. Moore (eds.), Fruit Breeding, Vol. I:Tree and Tropical Fruits. John Wiley & Sons, Inc._____________________________________________________________________________________________Objectives*: (succinctly state each objective and milestone, ie the time expected to successfully complete an achieveeach objective)Our objectives are to develop, test and evaluate citrus rootstocks for disease and pest tolerance, and to select stocksthat impart to the scion high yield, superior fruit quality, acceptable fruit size, and other essential traits. Toleranceor resistance to tristeza, Phytophthora, and nematodes continue to be emphasized, as is dwarfing, becauseimprovement in these characters should allow development of rootstocks with higher productivity. Stocks will alsobe tested for compatibility with scions important to the California citrus industry, and for performance on varioussoil types including calcareous soils. Specific objectives for the coming year include the following.1) Continue evaluation of 16 existing rootstock trials. Milestone 1a) Complete tree size and health evaluation of 3trials in Ventura Co., tristeza trial at South Coast, mandarin trial at Lindcove by September 2011 and post summaryof results on web site. Milestone 1b) Analyze packout (fruit size and grade distribution) for Fukumoto navel trial byMarch 2011. Milestone 1c) Analyze internal fruit quality of Fukumoto on 3 rootstocks using samples collected inNovember and summarize results by February 2011. Milestone 1d) – Web site updated with 2009 and 2010summaries of all trials as listed in table below.2) Complete propagation and plant new trial to evaluate early bearing and response to high-intensitymanagement. Milestone 2a) Plant trial by July 1, 2011. Record initial tree sizes. Milestone 2b) Evaluate tree size,flowering and fruiting in 2012 and 2013. By late 2013 report which rootstocks are likely to induce early fruitingunder high-intensity management.3) Propagate trees for trials of Clementine and DaisySL. Milestone 3a) Bud seedlings growing at Lindcove inspring 2011. Milestone 3b) Plant trees in spring of 2012. Milestone 3c) Recommend rootstocks for Clementine inthe SJV and DaisySL in the desert – about 2022.4) Screen selected new hybrids for nucellar embryony. Milestone 4a) Collect and plant seed of about 30 hybridsby late January 2011, evaluate for nucellar embryony by June 2011.5) Screen selected new hybrids for iron chlorosis tolerance. Milestone 5a) Collect and plant seed of about 20hybrids and standards by late January, transplant and begin test in July.6) Complete screen of 2009-10 seedlings for Phytophthora citrophthora root rot resistance. Milestone 6a)Analyze results of winter 2011 test by September 2011.7) Complete initial test of salinity tolerance and initiate new screening. Milestone 7a) Salinity tolerance testsstarted in 2009-10 will be completed by December 2011. 7b) New screening of about 30 hybrids will be initiated inJuly 2011 and completed in October 2011.8) New hybridization. Cross Tahitian pummelo x Flying Dragon and Tahitian pummelo x Carrizo hybrids withCitrus genotypes having nucellar embryony. Milestone 8a) Make at least 300 pollinations by May 2011. Milestone8b) test progeny for markers that predict nucellar embryony (Sept. 2011)._____________________________________________________________________________________________Project's Benefit to the Industry*: (How will the industry utilize your research results or product)Development of new rootstocks can improve productivity of the industry by increasing yields and decreasingmanagement costs. Rootstocks, such as C32, that typically produce large trees can increase yield in conventionalplantings where they are well adapted. In 3 of 7 yield trials, C32 had yields at least 25% greater than Carrizo andTroyer, and had yields 25% less in none. Only with lemons were yields less than those of trees on Carrizo orTroyer. Semi-dwarfing rootstocks, such as C35, are predicted to increase yields in higher density plantings: in trialsat normal density, trees on C35 had higher yield relative to tree size than those on Carrizo or Troyer in all 5 trials____________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY 2010-2011 4Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation_______________________________________________________________________________________allowing this comparison, and averaged 33% higher yield relative to tree size. We continue to identify newrootstocks with improved yields. Trees on Furr (C57) had higher yields than Carrizo/Troyer in 3 of 4 trialsallowing this comparison, and averaged 20% greater yield. A new semi-dwarfing rootstock, Bitters (C22) had highyield relative to tree size in all four yield trials and averaged 37% higher predicted yield and current standardrootstocks. Such increased yields are likely only where the rootstock is well adapted. Sour orange is an excellentrootstock in some conditions, but new rootstocks with equal yield have been identified. In some trials, CTV-freetrees on sour are less productive than those on many existing commercial rootstocks. This example points out theprogress we have made in finding alternatives to sour orange, but also the need to characterize rootstockperformance in a range of environments. It is also important to characterize the limitations of new rootstocks.Development of rootstocks with improved disease resistance may become more important as restrictions onpesticides and other chemicals become more severe. While rootstock breeding and evaluation will have its mostimportant impact in the future (i.e., in new plantings), evaluation of disease resistance of existing rootstocksprovides information which can help growers manage irrigation and pesticides to improve health and production ofexisting groves. Exotic diseases such as HLB pose a significant threat to the California citrus industry, in partbecause conventional production practices require long-lived trees to be profitable. Rootstocks are an importantcomponent of new, high-intensity production systems that may be profitable in a shorter timeframe._____________________________________________________________________________________________Research Collaboration* (be specific):Greg Douhan (UCR, Plant Pathology) provides inoculum and advice on testing hybrids for Phytophthora tolerance.Many farm advisors, including Gary Bender, Craig Kallsen, Peggy Mauk, and Neil O'Connell assist with locatingnew trial sites. Currently we have trials with 9 grower-cooperators who manage the plantings and sometimes supplyharvest labor. In the past, when new trials were to be initiated, Florida rootstock researchers (Kim Bowman, BillCastle, and Jude Grosser) and occasionally those in other countries were requested to provide seeds of promisingselections, but concerns about possible seed-transmission of HLB now block such collaboration. We will includesuch imported rootstocks in trials when safe seed source has been established in California. When requested, wealso supply seeds of experimental rootstocks to researchers in other states and countries and obtain data onperformance in locations where diseases not yet present in California may occur._____________________________________________________________________________________________Plans and Procedures* (use this section to describe your experimental design site location(s)and elaborate onobjectives and milestones)The major emphasis in the program is on evaluation of hybrid material generated in the past, but some newhybridization is also planned. Many of these hybrids are now fruiting and replicated seedlings from them can betested for various traits. We plan to continue evaluation of new hybrids to identify rootstocks with improvedcombinations of disease resistance, yield, fruit quality, compatibility, and environmental stress tolerance. Plans toaccomplish each of the specific objectives for 2010-2011 are detailed below.1) Evaluation of existing rootstock trials - Current and new rootstocks are being evaluated in 16 trials around thestate (see table below). Six trials have been terminated since 2009 and are no longer listed. For some trials, yieldrecords are collected annually. For all active trials, tree sizes and health are measured every 2-3 years. Five trials,mostly in Ventura Co., are scheduled for these studies in 2010-2011. For some trials, fruit quality studies areconducted in at least 3 different years, and fruit from trials at Lindcove are analyzed on the packline to provide dataon fruit size, grade and color. These analyses are planned for the Lindcove mandarin trial in 2010-11 if fruit qualityis normal. We would also like to analyze the Fukumoto trial fruit on the packline at Lindcove.To better understand the reasons for differences in rootstock performance at different sites, we have begun tocollect more data on environmental conditions in each trial. In 2008 and 2009, most trials were equipped with dataloggersto record temperatures every 30 minutes. We also collected soil samples from 7 trials and have had theseanalyzed for nutrient content, salinity, pH, and other relevant factors by the UC Soil Laboratory or (more recently,____________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY2009-2010 5Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation__________________________________________________________________________________________________at no cost) by Fruit Growers Lab. Soil sampling will be expanded to a few additional trials in 2010-11.A trial was planted at Lindcove in 2005 to determine whether decline of Fukomoto navel orange on C35 andCarrizo rootstocks is caused by a bud-transmissible agent. Tree health and budunion status will be visually assessedin 2011 and yield records collected.A tristeza resistance trial containing 50 rootstocks budded with Cutter Valencia orange was planted at SouthCoast in June 2006. Each tree is inoculated with one of four different CTV isolates. Previous trials used only asingle, quick-decline inducing CTV isolate, but recent evidence indicates that some rootstocks that are quite tolerantto this isolate are very susceptible to other isolates. Trees in this trial were measured in 2008 and will be measuredagain in 2011. Most quick decline effects are already evident, but additional time is needed to evaluate stunting oftrees by CTV. The trial will be converted to reclaimed water with higher salinity (originally scheduled for summer2009, but delayed) so it provides an opportunity to evaluate salinity tolerance of many standard and experimentalrootstocks.New trials to evaluate Tango mandarin on standard and new rootstocks were planted in 2008 and 2009 atthree locations in the San Joaquin Valley. The 2008 trial was measured in 2010, and the two 2009 trials wereevaluated in 2010 and will be measured again in 2011 when trees are large enough to obtain meaningfulmeasurements of canopy volume. Trees in these trials are also scored annually for fruit set to evaluate effects ofrootstocks on age of first fruiting.2) Propagate trees for new trial to test early bearing and adaptation to high intensity management – rootstocks maybe one component of a system to produce citrus with a net return to growers in the presence of HLB. In SouthAfrica and certain other areas, very high density planting and high intensity management (open hydroponics)systems are used to produce high yields from young trees. Appropriate rootstocks can help optimize theseproduction systems but little research has been reported in California. There are suggestions that dwarfingrootstocks are desirable. Rootstocks with precocious fruit production are likely to be important, but this trait has notbeen evaluated in previous trials because the small number of fruit per tree produced in early years have little impacton long term yield or profit from conventional long-term plantings. In response to comments last year that ourrootstock experiments should address this issue, in 2009 we planted seedlings of 28 rootstocks, including manycommercial rootstocks and the most promising experimental rootstocks. In 2010 we budded these seedlings withWashington navel orange, and in 2011 will plant a trial at high density with drip irrigation in a system similar toopen hydroponics. Tree growth and fruiting will be pushed by manipulating nutrients and applying growthregulators. A location for this trial has not been determined, but the trees are at UCR so it would be complex tomove them to the SJV. Initial results from the rootstock experiment can then be used to select one or a fewrootstocks for subsequent experiments that evaluate combinations of nutrients, growth regulators, and other culturalpractices. We expect that this will become a separate CRB project with additional cooperators in 2011-12.3) propagate trees for trials of Clementine and DaisySL. Seedlings of 25 rootstocks and hybrids are being grown atLindcove. Trees will be budded with Clementine (probably Nules) and DaisySL by June 2011 and grown forplanting in spring of 2012. The Clementine trial will be planted at Lindcove and the DaisySL trial with a cooperatorin the desert (near Borrego Springs). Nursery behavior of the rootstocks will be recorded including seedling height,branching, bud push and scion caliper at planting. Recommendations on rootstocks for these mandarins will bemade about 10 years after planting, but some preliminary assessments are likely to be made sooner.4) Screen selected new hybrids for nucellar embryony - New hybrids that have not been tested previously will beevaluated first for adequate tree vigor, fruit production and seed content. Samples of seed will be collected fromthose passing these tests and 50 seeds of each will be planted in a greenhouse in cones (one seed per cone).Polyembryony will be evaluated by counting seedlings that emerge from each seed. When seedlings of each hybridare 6-12 inches tall they will be evaluated visually for uniformity in comparison to standard rootstocks that have____________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY2009-2010 6Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation__________________________________________________________________________________________________adequate nucellar embryony for commercial use. Seedlings of some varieties may be screened with DNA markers ifthe degree of nucellar embryony is ambiguous. Seedlings of hybrids with sufficient uniformity will be used in ironchlorosis and Phytophthora tests as described below. Hybrids that require additional testing include Scarlet Emperorx Flying Dragon and (Rangpur x sour) x Flying Dragon populations.5) Iron chlorosis tolerance screening – New rootstocks are screened for tolerance to iron chlorosis by growingseedlings in a greenhouse in soil amended with calcium carbonate. This method has been used several timespreviously to screen existing and new candidate rootstocks. Additional hybrids from the breeding program remainuntested, and another set of these will be screened in 2010-11 after an initial evaluation for trueness to type. Thisexperiment was originally planned for 2009-2010 but was delayed because of budget reductions.6) Test hybrids for Phytophthora root rot resistance – In 2010, seeds of about 25 new hybrids and standardrootstocks were collected and seedlings were grown and evaluated for trueness-to-type. Rootstocks with adequateuniformity will be tested for tolerance to P. citrophthora during winter of 2011. The size and health of the rootsystem of 10 seedlings of each hybrid will be evaluated before inoculation with Phytophthora and about 12 weeksafter. A new test of P. parasitica tolerance will be initiated in summer 2011 with those hybrids that have adequatenucellar embryony and probably also with seedling populations of pummelo hybrids (see objective 8) that may serveas good parents for future crosses or as potential rootstocks appropriate for in vitro propagation.7) Test hybrids for salinity tolerance – Salinity is likely to become an increasingly important stress for Californiacitrus growers. Rootstocks vary considerably in salinity tolerance, but there has been relatively little testing for thistrait in California (there are or were programs in Australia, Florida, Israel and Spain). Salinity will be tested bygrowing seedlings in sand cultures irrigated with nutrients supplemented with salt solution (Garcia et al., 2002,Aust. J Agric. Res. 53:653) and measuring chloride content of leaves and roots. Of methods suitable for screeninglarge numbers of varieties, these measures show the best correlation with performance of budded trees, although animperfect one (Ben-Hayyim and Moore, 2007, Advances in Molecular Breeding: Toward Drought And SaltTolerant Crops, p 627). Response to salinity of many standard rootstocks is known, but some newer selections havenot been characterized so our experiments will include both existing commercial rootstocks and the most promisingselections from the breeding program. We are growing seedlings of 11 rootstocks for an initial trial. If results withthe first group of seedlings are informative, we will collect seeds of otherwise promising selections to start a newtrial in 2011. Greenhouse tests of seedlings will be compared to results for budded trees in the tristeza trial at SouthCoast which will be placed on high-salinity, reclaimed water in the future.8) New hybridization. Two populations, Tahitian pummelo x Flying Dragon and Tahitian pummelo x Carrizo, withexceptionally vigorous, healthy trees but in which few hybrids have nucellar embryony have been identified. Thesehybrids should make good female parents for crosses with citrus types (such as mandarins) that introduce genes forsalinity and drought tolerance. The citrus parent will be selected for nucellar embyrony so that a substantial numberof the hybrids should also express this trait. We expect to pollinate at least 300 flowers.In 2011-12 we expect to initiate a new test of CTV tolerance using hybrids identified as promising forPhytophthora and iron chlorosis tolerance. Because testing for citrus nematode resistance is very expensive, wegenerally try to eliminate as many hybrids as possible before initiating tests for this trait.New Releases. Unreleased rootstocks that have shown sufficient promise to be considered for release, includingShekwasha x English trifoliate, Rangpur x Shekwasha, and Sunki x Flying Dragon, will be entered into the CCPPVI program to establish registered bud sources. Release may occur about 2013 or 2014 when budwood is available.____________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY2010-2011 7Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Location Scion Cooperator PlantDate# stocks –trees perstockPurposeData 1San Joaquin ValleyLate navel scion.Lindcove Lane Late navel 1990 29 – 8TS, Y, PL, FQRedbanksLindcoveLane Late navel8 mandarins:GN, TDEs etcGriffithFarms1990 30 – 81994 4 – 2Woodlake Moro blood Terry Baker 1997 32 – 12Bakersfield/Neumarkle RdWash. navel Ben Taft 1997 22 - 9+Orange Cove Lane Late navel BeeSweet 2001 27 – 2Orange Cove W. Murcott BeeSweet 2001 28 - ~4LindcoveLindcove6 satsumas,2 othermandarinsFukumoto:25 bud sourcesOriginallyChao’s2003 4 - 82005 3 – 4Porterville Tango Joyce Smith 2008 23 – 11Bakersfield/ArvinTangoJohnstonBros.2009 21-~12Orosi Tango Arlen Miller 2009 12- ~8Late navel scion.TS,Yp, FQMandarin scions.TS, Yp, FQAdaptationTSAdaptationTSCalcareous soilTSCalcareous soilTSmandarin scions& rootstocks,TS, Y, FQCompatibility.TS, (Y,FQ ?)Tango rootstock,adobe soilTango rootstock,non-stress soilTango rootstock,non-stress soilLasttreesizeProposed Disposition2009Reduce from 8 to 4 replications, continueobservation and yield dataKeep: collect tree size data again in 2013, no2010 yield data since 2006, no cost to maintain(paired with 1990 Lindcove Lane Late trial)2004Keep: need long-term evaluation of scions (Thisis charged as a scion project)2006Keep: collect tree size data in 2009 or 2010, nocost to maintain2009 Keep: no cost to maintain201020102009Keep: no yield data since 2006, no cost tomaintainKeep: collect yield or crop estimate in 2011, noyield data since 2006, no cost to maintainReduced to 8 replicates, young trees, continue 3years. (This is charged as scion project)2010 Keep: young trial, no decline yet.Collect Y, PL, FQ in future.Keep: new trial. Collect TS, Y, FQ in future201020102010Keep: new trial. Collect TS, Y, FQ in futureKeep: new trial. Collect TS, Y, FQ in future____________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY2010-2011 8Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Location Scion Cooperator PlantDateVentura Lisbon lemon Limoneira 1989 14 – 15Ventura Eureka lemon Limoneira 1989 13 – 9VenturaLisbon lemonPro-Ag/Don Reeder# stocks –trees per Purposestock Data 1Southern CaliforniaYield, compat.TS, YpYield, compat.TS, YpReplant trialTS1993 16 – 20South Coast Valencia 2006 50 – 16Resistance to4 CTV isolates.TSLasttreesize2008200820082008Proposed DispositionKeep: continue evaluations, no cost except datacollectionKeep: continue evaluations, no cost except datacollectionKeep: continue evaluations, no cost except datacollectionKeep: young trial, quick decline evident, butstunting not yet easy to detect. Y in future. Alsowill test salinity tolerance when water sourcechanges to reclaimed water1 TS: tree size, health, budunion data collected every 3 years, Y: yield collected as lb/tree, Yp: yield no longer collected, PL: packline for fruit size, grade and colordata, FQ: internal and external fruit quality data collected in some years.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY2010-20119Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Other Funding Sources for this Project (current, pending, potential; can this project be used as matching funds forother funding sources)We plan to submit a renewal grant to the California Citrus Nursery Board for about $25,000 in funding that beginsin January 2011. The PI received $35,000 in total funding (for all projects) from the UCR Agricultural ExperimentStation in 2010-2011. Additional UC funding may be allocated in July 2011, but this is uncertain given recent UCbudget cuts. No other sources of funds are available for this project._____________________________________________________________________________________________Technology Transfer* (include any potential intellectual property issues; steps necessary for grower utilizationextension/communication component):Results of rootstock trials will be described in industry-oriented publications and technical journal articles asappropriate. A web site (http://plantbiology.ucr.edu/faculty/roose.html) with summaries of various rootstock trialswill continue to be maintained and updated periodically (note that this is a new address). In general, new rootstocksmust be evaluated for at least 10 years before reliable conclusions about performance can be reached, so many trialshave low visibility to the industry for many years after planting. Results of one or two trials at Lindcove aredescribed to growers during field days, generally once per year. Farm Advisors often organize field days orseminars that include a talk on rootstocks. When new rootstocks are released we will publish descriptions of theircharacteristics for growers and nurseries. We released 3 new rootstocks (Bitters (C22), Carpenter (C54), and Furr(C57), all Sunki mandarin x trifoliate hybrids) in 2009. A chapter on rootstocks is near publication in the new CitrusProduction Manual. This chapter updates the extension publication "California Citrus Rootstocks" (ANRpublication 21477).______________________________________________________________________________________________Budget Justification:The salary portion of the budget includes 9 months of salary for a 100% time SRA (Ricki Kupper) responsible forplant propagation, seed collection, Phytophthora screening, some tree planting, field data collection, and data entry;4 months of salary for a 100% time SRA (Dr. Claire Federici) responsible for marker analysis, iron chlorosis andPhytophthora screening, some field data collection and some data analysis; and 3 months of salary for anAgricultural Technician (Juan Alvarez) mainly responsible for watering, transplanting, and other greenhouse duties.SE covers pots, soil, computer supplies, laboratory supplies for marker analysis, and other costs associated with theproject. Travel includes mileage and expenses (about $100 per person per day) for 8 overnight person-trips to theSan Joaquin Valley and Ventura to collect yield and tree size data on rootstock trials, collect soil samples anddownload data from data-loggers, plus mileage for a trip to Irvine to measure trials. Travel to present results atgrower meetings organized by CRB or Farm Advisors (not yet scheduled) will also be covered. Field stationrecharges include 8.5 acres at UCR, 7.4 acres at Lindcove, and 3.6 acres at South Coast. The year 1 cost forpropagation of new trial trees at Lindcove are also included.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.

CRB Project Plan – Research Grant Proposal for FY2010-201110Project Title: _Citrus Rootstock Breeding and Evaluation_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Project BudgetDepartment Account Number: (if applicable)__A01082 59085 44 OAR3______________Salaries and Benefits:Year: 2010-2011 Year: 2011-2012 Year: 2012-2013Postdocs/Research Assistants $_________0____ ______________ ______________SRA's _____57,291___ ______________ ______________Lab/Field Assistance ______6,774___ ______________ ______________Benefits _____25,862___ ______________ ______________Supplies and Expenses: ______4,000___ ______________ ______________Equipment: ______________ ______________ ______________Operating Expenses and Travel: ______3,000___ ______________ ______________Lindcove Recharges: ______5,000___ ______________ ______________Lindcove Packline: _________0____ ______________ ______________Other: _UCR recharges_____ _____10,000____ ______________ ______________South Coast recharges____ ______3,650____ ______________ ______________Lindcove propagation ______3,108___ ______________ ______________ANNUAL TOTAL: ____118,685____ ______________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________Specifics regarding contract (i.e., “split” funding to more than one PI):___________________________________________________________________________________________SignaturesProject Leader: _____________________________________________________Date:___________________________________________________________________ Date:______________Dept. Chair:______________________________________________________ Date:______________Campus Approval: __________________________________________________ Date:__________________________________________________________________________________________________*Use as much space as necessary; attach additional pages as needed – budget info. and signatures will appear on the final page.Not for publication without the express written consent of the project leader. Before quoting or reproducing any informationin whole or extracted in any form, contact the project leader responsible.