Full Proposal in pdf - M E Rinker Sr School of Building Construction ...

02 INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS/PROJECT DIRECTORS(PI/PD) andco-PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS/co-PROJECT DIRECTORSSubmit only ONE copy of this form for each PI/PD and co-PI/PD identified on the proposal. The form(s) should be attached to the originalproposal as specified in GPG Section II.B. Submission of this information is voluntary and is not a precondition of award. This information willnot be disclosed to external peer reviewers. DO NOT INCLUDE THIS FORM WITH ANY OF THE OTHER COPIES OF YOUR PROPOSAL ASTHIS MAY COMPROMISE THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF THE INFORMATION.PI/PD Name: Charles J KibertGender: Male FemaleEthnicity: (Choose one response) Hispanic or Latino Not Hispanic or LatinoRace:(Select one or more)Disability Status:(Select one or more)American Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlack or African AmericanNative Hawaiian or Other Pacific IslanderWhiteHearing ImpairmentVisual ImpairmentMobility/Orthopedic ImpairmentOtherNoneCitizenship: (Choose one) U.S. Citizen Permanent Resident Other non-U.S. CitizenCheck here if you do not wish to provide any or all of the above information (excluding PI/PD name):REQUIRED: Check here if you are currently serving (or have previously served) as a PI, co-PI or PD on any federally fundedprojectEthnicity Definition:Hispanic or Latino. A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardlessof race.Race Definitions:American Indian or Alaska Native. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including CentralAmerica), and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment.Asian. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, forexample, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam.Black or African American. A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa,or other Pacific Islands.White. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa.WHY THIS INFORMATION IS BEING REQUESTED:The Federal Government has a continuing commitment to monitor the operation of its review and award processes to identify and addressany inequities based on gender, race, ethnicity, or disability of its proposed PIs/PDs. To gather information needed for this importanttask, the proposer should submit a single copy of this form for each identified PI/PD with each proposal. Submission of the requestedinformation is voluntary and will not affect the organization’s eligibility for an award. However, information not submitted will seriously underminethe statistical validity, and therefore the usefulness, of information recieved from others. Any individual not wishing to submit some or all theinformation should check the box provided for this purpose. (The exceptions are the PI/PD name and the information about prior Federal support, thelast question above.)Collection of this information is authorized by the NSF Act of 1950, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 1861, et seq. Demographic data allows NSF togauge whether our programs and other opportunities in science and technology are fairly reaching and benefiting everyone regardless ofdemographic category; to ensure that those in under-represented groups have the same knowledge of and access to programs and otherresearch and educational oppurtunities; and to assess involvement of international investigators in work supported by NSF. The informationmay be disclosed to government contractors, experts, volunteers and researchers to complete assigned work; and to other governmentagencies in order to coordinate and assess programs. The information may be added to the Reviewer file and used to select potentialcandidates to serve as peer reviewers or advisory committee members. See Systems of Records, NSF-50, "Principal Investigator/ProposalFile and Associated Records", 63 Federal Register 267 (January 5, 1998), and NSF-51, "Reviewer/Proposal File and Associated Records",63 Federal Register 268 (January 5, 1998).

02 INFORMATION ABOUT PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS/PROJECT DIRECTORS(PI/PD) andco-PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS/co-PROJECT DIRECTORSSubmit only ONE copy of this form for each PI/PD and co-PI/PD identified on the proposal. The form(s) should be attached to the originalproposal as specified in GPG Section II.B. Submission of this information is voluntary and is not a precondition of award. This information willnot be disclosed to external peer reviewers. DO NOT INCLUDE THIS FORM WITH ANY OF THE OTHER COPIES OF YOUR PROPOSAL ASTHIS MAY COMPROMISE THE CONFIDENTIALITY OF THE INFORMATION.PI/PD Name: Svetlana OlbinaGender: Male FemaleEthnicity: (Choose one response) Hispanic or Latino Not Hispanic or LatinoRace:(Select one or more)Disability Status:(Select one or more)American Indian or Alaska NativeAsianBlack or African AmericanNative Hawaiian or Other Pacific IslanderWhiteHearing ImpairmentVisual ImpairmentMobility/Orthopedic ImpairmentOtherNoneCitizenship: (Choose one) U.S. Citizen Permanent Resident Other non-U.S. CitizenCheck here if you do not wish to provide any or all of the above information (excluding PI/PD name):REQUIRED: Check here if you are currently serving (or have previously served) as a PI, co-PI or PD on any federally fundedprojectEthnicity Definition:Hispanic or Latino. A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardlessof race.Race Definitions:American Indian or Alaska Native. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including CentralAmerica), and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment.Asian. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, forexample, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam.Black or African American. A person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa,or other Pacific Islands.White. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa.WHY THIS INFORMATION IS BEING REQUESTED:The Federal Government has a continuing commitment to monitor the operation of its review and award processes to identify and addressany inequities based on gender, race, ethnicity, or disability of its proposed PIs/PDs. To gather information needed for this importanttask, the proposer should submit a single copy of this form for each identified PI/PD with each proposal. Submission of the requestedinformation is voluntary and will not affect the organization’s eligibility for an award. However, information not submitted will seriously underminethe statistical validity, and therefore the usefulness, of information recieved from others. Any individual not wishing to submit some or all theinformation should check the box provided for this purpose. (The exceptions are the PI/PD name and the information about prior Federal support, thelast question above.)Collection of this information is authorized by the NSF Act of 1950, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 1861, et seq. Demographic data allows NSF togauge whether our programs and other opportunities in science and technology are fairly reaching and benefiting everyone regardless ofdemographic category; to ensure that those in under-represented groups have the same knowledge of and access to programs and otherresearch and educational oppurtunities; and to assess involvement of international investigators in work supported by NSF. The informationmay be disclosed to government contractors, experts, volunteers and researchers to complete assigned work; and to other governmentagencies in order to coordinate and assess programs. The information may be added to the Reviewer file and used to select potentialcandidates to serve as peer reviewers or advisory committee members. See Systems of Records, NSF-50, "Principal Investigator/ProposalFile and Associated Records", 63 Federal Register 267 (January 5, 1998), and NSF-51, "Reviewer/Proposal File and Associated Records",63 Federal Register 268 (January 5, 1998).

List of Suggested Reviewers or Reviewers Not To Include (optional)SUGGESTED REVIEWERS:Not ListedREVIEWERS NOT TO INCLUDE:Not Listed

COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATIONPROGRAM ANNOUNCEMENT/SOLICITATION NO./CLOSING DATE/if not in response to a program announcement/solicitation enter NSF 04-23PD 05-1631 10/01/05FOR CONSIDERATION BY NSF ORGANIZATION UNIT(S)CMS - INFO TECH & INFRASTRUCT SYSTEM(Indicate the most specific unit known, i.e. program, division, etc.)FOR NSF USE ONLYNSF PROPOSAL NUMBERDATE RECEIVED NUMBER OF COPIES DIVISION ASSIGNED FUND CODE DUNS# (Data Universal Numbering System) FILE LOCATIONEMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (EIN) ORTAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (TIN)NAME OF ORGANIZATION TO WHICH AWARD SHOULD BE MADEAWARDEE ORGANIZATION CODE (IF KNOWN)NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION, IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVESHOW PREVIOUS AWARD NO. IF THIS ISA RENEWALAN ACCOMPLISHMENT-BASED RENEWALIS THIS PROPOSAL BEING SUBMITTED TO ANOTHER FEDERALAGENCY? YES NO IF YES, LIST ACRONYM(S)ADDRESS OF AWARDEE ORGANIZATION, INCLUDING 9 DIGIT ZIP CODE055516509/26/2005 10 07030000 CMS 1631 96966381409/27/2005 3:33pm S596002052University of Florida0015354000University of Florida219 Grinter HallGainesville, FL. 326115500ADDRESS OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION, IF DIFFERENT, INCLUDING 9 DIGIT ZIP CODEPERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE (IF KNOWN)IS AWARDEE ORGANIZATION (Check All That Apply) SMALL BUSINESS MINORITY BUSINESS IF THIS IS A PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL(See GPG II.C For Definitions) FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION WOMAN-OWNED BUSINESS THEN CHECK HERETITLE OF PROPOSED PROJECTDecision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in Commercial BuildingsREQUESTED AMOUNTPROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS) REQUESTED STARTING DATE SHOW RELATED PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL NO.$ 228,007 24 months01/01/06IF APPLICABLECHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOWBEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG I.A)DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.C)HUMAN SUBJECTS (GPG II.D.6)Exemption Subsectionor IRB App. DatePROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG I.B, II.C.1.d)HISTORIC PLACES (GPG II.C.2.j)INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIVE ACTIVITIES: COUNTRY/COUNTRIES INVOLVED(GPG II.C.2.j)SMALL GRANT FOR EXPLOR. RESEARCH (SGER) (GPG II.D.1)VERTEBRATE ANIMALS (GPG II.D.5) IACUC App. DateHIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHICS/OTHER GRAPHICS WHERE EXACT COLORREPRESENTATION IS REQUIRED FOR PROPER INTERPRETATION (GPG I.G.1)PI/PD DEPARTMENTPowell Center for Construction and Env.PI/PD FAX NUMBER352-392-9606PI/PD POSTAL ADDRESSNAMES (TYPED) High Degree Yr of Degree Telephone Number Electronic Mail AddressPI/PD NAMECO-PI/PDCO-PI/PDCO-PI/PD304 RinkerPO Box 115703Gainesville, FL 326115703United StatesCharles J Kibert PhD 1982 352-273-1189 ckibert@ufl.eduKevin R Grosskopf PhD 1998 352-273-1158 kgro@ufl.eduSvetlana Olbina PhD 2005 352-273-1166 solbina@ufl.eduCO-PI/PDPage 1 of 2Electronic Signature

CERTIFICATION PAGECertification for Authorized Organizational Representative or Individual Applicant:By signing and submitting this proposal, the individual applicant or the authorized official of the applicant institution is: (1) certifying thatstatements made herein are true and complete to the best of his/her knowledge; and (2) agreeing to accept the obligation to comply with NSFaward terms and conditions if an award is made as a result of this application. Further, the applicant is hereby providing certificationsregarding debarment and suspension, drug-free workplace, and lobbying activities (see below), as set forth in GrantProposal Guide (GPG), NSF 04-23. Willful provision of false information in this application and its supporting documents or in reports requiredunder an ensuing award is a criminal offense (U. S. Code, Title 18, Section 1001).In addition, if the applicant institution employs more than fifty persons, the authorized official of the applicant institution is certifying that the institution hasimplemented a written and enforced conflict of interest policy that is consistent with the provisions of Grant Policy Manual Section 510; that to the bestof his/her knowledge, all financial disclosures required by that conflict of interest policy have been made; and that all identified conflicts of interest will havebeen satisfactorily managed, reduced or eliminated prior to the institution’s expenditure of any funds under the award, in accordance with theinstitution’s conflict of interest policy. Conflicts which cannot be satisfactorily managed, reduced or eliminated must be disclosed to NSF.Drug Free Work Place CertificationBy electronically signing the NSF Proposal Cover Sheet, the Authorized Organizational Representative or Individual Applicant is providing the Drug Free Work Place Certificationcontained in Appendix C of the Grant Proposal Guide.Debarment and Suspension Certification(If answer "yes", please provide explanation.)Is the organization or its principals presently debarred, suspended, proposed for debarment, declared ineligible, or voluntarily excludedfrom covered transactions by any Federal department or agency? Yes NoBy electronically signing the NSF Proposal Cover Sheet, the Authorized Organizational Representative or Individual Applicant is providing the Debarment and Suspension Certificationcontained in Appendix D of the Grant Proposal Guide.Certification Regarding LobbyingThis certification is required for an award of a Federal contract, grant, or cooperative agreement exceeding $100,000 and for an award of a Federal loan ora commitment providing for the United States to insure or guarantee a loan exceeding $150,000.Certification for Contracts, Grants, Loans and Cooperative AgreementsThe undersigned certifies, to the best of his or her knowledge and belief, that:(1) No federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid, by or on behalf of the undersigned, to any person for influencing or attempting to influencean officer or employee of any agency, a Member of Congress, an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connectionwith the awarding of any federal contract, the making of any Federal grant, the making of any Federal loan, the entering into of any cooperative agreement,and the extension, continuation, renewal, amendment, or modification of any Federal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement.(2) If any funds other than Federal appropriated funds have been paid or will be paid to any person for influencing or attempting to influence an officer oremployee of any agency, a Member of Congress, an officer or employee of Congress, or an employee of a Member of Congress in connection with thisFederal contract, grant, loan, or cooperative agreement, the undersigned shall complete and submit Standard Form-LLL, ‘‘Disclosure of LobbyingActivities,’’ in accordance with its instructions.(3) The undersigned shall require that the language of this certification be included in the award documents for all subawards at all tiers includingsubcontracts, subgrants, and contracts under grants, loans, and cooperative agreements and that all subrecipients shall certify and disclose accordingly.This certification is a material representation of fact upon which reliance was placed when this transaction was made or entered into. Submission of thiscertification is a prerequisite for making or entering into this transaction imposed by section 1352, Title 31, U.S. Code. Any person who fails to file therequired certification shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $10,000 and not more than $100,000 for each such failure.AUTHORIZED ORGANIZATIONAL REPRESENTATIVE SIGNATURE DATENAMEBrian E PrindleElectronic SignatureTELEPHONE NUMBER ELECTRONIC MAIL ADDRESS FAX NUMBER352-392-3516 prindle@ufl.edu 352-846-1839*SUBMISSION OF SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERS IS VOLUNTARY AND WILL NOT AFFECT THE ORGANIZATION’S ELIGIBILITY FOR AN AWARD. HOWEVER, THEY ARE ANINTEGRAL PART OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM AND ASSIST IN PROCESSING THE PROPOSAL. SSN SOLICITED UNDER NSF ACT OF 1950, AS AMENDED.Page 2 of 2Sep 27 2005 10:02AM

Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in Commercial BuildingsProject SummaryPurpose: The purpose of this research is to develop a decision model for optimizing thecontrol of indoor air quality in commercial buildings by using mathematicalprogramming.Problem Statement: Poor indoor air quality (IAQ) may appear due to wrong choice ofbuilding materials or furniture, poor maintenance of HVAC systems or insufficient levelsof ventilation, air filtering, and source management. The problems of the building startwith the lack of a decision mechanism besides the local and national standards whenchoosing a specific IAQ management option. The standards do not always guarantee theoptimum decision. The building industry is not thoroughly aware of the consequences ofdifferent IAQ management methods and decisions, yet they lack the resources to identifythe “best” solutions to IAQ problems.Objectives: The main objective of the research is to develop a decision model foroptimizing IAQ in commercial buildings. This research will also determine the true costsof IAQ as well as the functions between different IAQ levels and true costs.Methods and Analysis: The first step of this research will be the determination of theIAQ control options in terms of improved ventilation, air cleaning and contaminantsource management. This will be followed by the generation of mathematical functionsamong the true costs of IAQ control options by using LCC analysis and soft cost analysis.The following steps will include determining the decision variables, and configuring thetechnical, financial, and legal constraints. The programming will also include anobjective function towards maximizing the cost effectiveness of the control techniques.Once the model is developed, the optimization will be determined by using Excel Solverand will include the solutions for the values of decision variables and the objective valuealong with the sensitivity analysis to determine the range of optimality based on theshadow prices and reduced costs.Intellectual Merit: Significance of this research derives from the determination ofoptimum IAQ options in commercial buildings for a healthier indoor and profitableworking environment. The model’s solution will recommend optimum levels of IAQ toboth the building industry and the IAQ equipment manufacturers.Broader Impact: The outcome model of the research and its mathematical programmingmethodology will be used as a basis for similar decision mechanisms in the constructionindustry such as buildings of different types, or management problems. This research willcontribute to the current sustainable building field by quantifying the benefits of betterIAQ, and clarifying the contradictions among IAQ and energy efficiency from aquantitative point of view, which will eventually help promoting sustainable buildings.The study will also contribute to IAQ related technical courses in institutes of highereducation. Construction management courses will also integrate the results andmethodology of this research in terms of utilizing mathematical programming for similarmanagerial decisions. One of the most significant impacts of this research will be thecreation of healthier and more productive commercial spaces for the society.

TABLE OF CONTENTSFor font size and page formatting specifications, see GPG section II.C.Total No. ofPagesPage No.*(Optional)*Cover Sheet for Proposal to the National Science FoundationProject Summary (not to exceed 1 page)Table of ContentsProject Description (Including Results from PriorNSF Support) (not to exceed 15 pages) (Exceed only if allowed by aspecific program announcement/solicitation or if approved inadvance by the appropriate NSF Assistant Director or designee)References CitedBiographical Sketches (Not to exceed 2 pages each)Budget(Plus up to 3 pages of budget justification)1113264Current and Pending SupportFacilities, Equipment and Other ResourcesSpecial Information/Supplementary Documentation410Appendix (List below. )(Include only if allowed by a specific program announcement/solicitation or if approved in advance by the appropriate NSFAssistant Director or designee)Appendix Items:*Proposers may select any numbering mechanism for the proposal. The entire proposal however, must be paginated.Complete both columns only if the proposal is numbered consecutively.

Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in Commercial BuildingsProject DescriptionPurpose of the ResearchThe purpose of this research is to develop a decision model for optimizing the control ofindoor air pollutants in commercial buildings. This research will help decision makersdetermine the optimum indoor air management options in order to maximize the benefitsof a better IAQ’s by using mathematical programming.Literature ReviewThe relation of human with buildings is the essence of architecture and buildingconstruction. Fitch defines the ultimate task of architecture as “to act in favor of humanbeings” (Fitch & Bobenhausen, 1999). The environmental management concepts,techniques and their influence on building design, construction, and themes have beenchanging. Table 1 summarizes all the different building themes that have accompaniedthe major issues since the 1960s.Table 1 Historical Quest for Building Reality (Fitch & Bobenhausen, 1999).Decade Issues Building theme1960sSense of coolness, heating,ventilation, insulation,shadingAir-conditioning systems1970s Energy crisis Energy-efficient buildings1980s1990sTwenty first centuryApplication of computertechnology in buildingsConcern about the sickbuilding syndrome.Global effort for sustainabledevelopmentIntelligent buildingsHealthy buildingsSustainable buildingsIAQ of a space is determined by the quality of air intake and also by other factors such asair conditioning, and room usage. Intake air is mostly provided by outdoor air and insome cases by re-circulating the existing air. However, re-circulated air should usually beavoided since it may increase the levels of pollutants. The system should be designedwith fresh air intake strategies whenever is possible. The reason fresh air intake should beused is that in many cases outside air will ensure a sufficient amount of air filtration.Natural ventilation can provide outside air as long as the energy efficiency of the buildingis kept at acceptable levels.The amount of indoor air pollutants is correlated with different building conditions suchas the site, building materials, construction techniques and HVAC system. The following

four elements are involved in the development of indoor air quality problems (USEPA,2005):Source: there is a source of contamination or discomfort indoors, outdoors, or within themechanical systems of the building.HVAC: the HVAC system is not able to control existing air contaminants and ensurethermal comfort (temperature and humidity conditions that are comfortable for mostoccupants).Pathways: one or more pollutant pathways connect the pollutant source to the occupantsand a driving force exists to move pollutants along the pathway(s).Occupants: building occupants are present. It is important to understand the role that eachof these factors may play in order to prevent, investigate, and resolve indoor air qualityproblems.Sources of Indoor Air PollutantsIndoor air contaminants can be a problem within the building or they can be drawn infrom outdoors. If the pollution sources are not controlled IAQ problems can begin, evenif the HVAC system is accurately designed and well maintained. It may be helpful tothink of air pollutant sources as fitting into one of the categories that follow (USEPA,2005).• Sources Outside Building• Equipment• Human Activities• Building Components and Furnishings• Other SourcesDepending on how the above conditions of a building are configured, several differenttypes of contaminants can pollute the indoor air from the processing of organic andinorganic elements. Daniels categorizes these pollutants as (Daniels 1998):• Gases and vapors (CO, CO2, SO2, NOx, O3, radon, formaldehyde, carbonhydrogen)• Odors• Aerosols (Inorganic or organic dusts such as heavy metals and pollen)• Viruses• Bacteria and spores• Fungi and fungal spores.The acceptable levels for indoor air contaminants are determined by ASHRAE 62standards (ASHRAE 62-1999). Many of these pollutants can be avoided by increasedoutdoor air ventilation as long as the outdoor air is not polluted.IAQ Control TechniquesHenschel approaches control techniques for reducing the concentrations of indoor airpollutants in three categories (Henschel, 1999)

• Improved ventilation: Including increases in the quantity of outdoor air(OA) supplied to a building, and/or improvement in the distribution andmixing of the supply air throughout the various zones in the building.• Air cleaning: Typically involving devices mounted in the central HVACducting, or self-contained devices mounted in the occupied zones, capableof removing particulate or gaseous contaminants from the circulating air.• Source management: This can include removal of all or part of the source,replacement of the source by a lower-emitting alternative, treatment of thesource to reduce emissions, re-location of the source, re-scheduling of thetiming when the source is allowed to be active, or re-location of thebuilding occupants in order to reduce occupant exposure.According to a survey that NIOSH conducted in 1987, 52 out of a 100 buildings withIAQ problems suffered from mainly inadequate ventilation. According to the samesurvey, 16% of the buildings suffered from indoor contaminants where 10% sufferedfrom outdoor contaminants (Seitz, 1989) The numbers clearly indicate that many IAQproblems derive from the building itself and its indoor air management systems.Manufacturers have been working on generating more advanced products for betterventilation technology. Another important issue in controlling the IAQ in a commercialbuilding is to be able to monitor IAQ constantly. Monitoring C02 levels is important sincestudies show that at levels beyond 1,000 ppm occupants can experience drowsiness andgeneral discomfort, making it more difficult for them to think and work (Bas, 1993). Thehealth effects of IAQ problems will be discussed in the IAQ and Health section in moredetail.Most commercial buildings use variable air volume (VAV) system for ventilation.However the main reasons VAV’s are used in commercial buildings derive from financialproblems. In 1970’s before the energy crisis, a different system that had a dual ductmixingbox with constant air volume but variable temperatures was popular in buildings.This system brought huge amounts of outside air into the building, however while theenergy efficiency became a more important concept, this system started to be less populardue to its expensive operating costs. The VAV system brings in only the amount of airthat is necessary and re-circulates much of a building’s already heated or cooled air.Although VAV system saves energy, re-circulating air and increased amount of aircontaminants is the price that is paid for those savings.Air filtration is another IAQ control technique. Many buildings use poor performancefilters usually with 89 % performance filters, which are used to protect the HVAC systembut not the occupants of the buildings. According to ASHRAE the performance of thesefilters on filtering dust and similar contaminants is only 7 to 12 % effective.

Another method to clean the air is using electrostatic precipitators. This type of cleanerscollects particles by electromagnetic motion. These cleaners have the advantage of lessmaintenance but can pose a different threat due to ozone production (Stein & Reynolds,1992). The most challenging part of air-cleaning problem is the selection of filter type orthe cleaning device to be used. Different contaminants may require different types of aircleaning devices. Thus the selection of the device demands the knowledge of the type ofcontaminants to be removed.IAQ and HealthFollowing the energy efficiency trend of 1970s, many concerns about the occupants’health in buildings started to arise due to low indoor air quality of commercial buildings.This led to a whole new syndrome, which is called Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). SBSis defined as “a group of symptoms that are two to three fold more common in those whowork in large, energy-efficient buildings, associated with an increased frequency ofheadaches, lethargy, and dry skin (Segen, 1992).Lung is the most common site of injury by airborne pollutants. Acute effects, however,may also include non-respiratory signs and symptoms, which may depend upontoxicological characteristics of the substances and host-related factors (ALA et.al, 1994).According to Gamble, buildings where allergies are suspected present a difficultdiagnostic challenge. Gamble believes that only a few people may be affected, and anallergic diagnosis may be overlooked when building occupants have complaints aboutinsufficient outdoor air supply, thermal discomfort, or cigarette smoke. Allergicsymptoms can be relatively mild and non-specific, and may have disappeared by the timea worker visits a physician’s office. Some of the findings of Gamble in a research wherethey evaluated a 9-story office building and compared the results to the outside airprovided per person are given in Table 2 (Gamble et.al, 1986).Table 2 Complaints on floors with outside air provided per person (n = # of occupants).Chronic BronchitisSymptoms3 or more tightbuilding symptomsFloors 8-9n=56Floors B-1n=42Floors 6-7n=155Floors 4-5n=13112% 5% 6% 6% 7%26% 26% 15% 20% 36%Sinus Symptoms 40% 36% 25% 31% 46%Thermal Discomfort 76% 84% 73% 67% 89%Floors 2-3n=175Outside Air perPerson CFM126 72 28 14 0

IAQ and True CostsIAQ has financial consequences as well as its health affects. The cost of an IAQmanagement option is associated with two different types of costs. These costs can becategorized as hard and soft costs. Hard costs associated with indoor air quality would bethe life cycle costs (LCC) of managing the indoor air quality in a building. LCC of aspecific system should include the owning and the operating costs. Owning costs of asystem includes (Environmental Law Institute, 2005):• Initial cost of the system• Capital recovery• Interest and return on the investment• Property taxes• InsuranceOperating costs of a system includes the following costs:• Fuel and energy• Maintenance allowances• Labor for operation• Water costs• Water treatment costRizzi explains how LCC analysis should be conducted for any heating, cooling, and/orventilating systems. He also provides a methodology to calculate the owning andoperating costs of a system (Rizzi, 1980). Soft costs of a specific IAQ managementoption include costs associated with productivity, health, insurance fees, and litigation.One of the most important soft costs of IAQ is productivity. Productivity and its financialconsequences becomes a more important issue in commercial buildings. Worker salariesconstitute the major cost of operating a commercial building, generally estimated at over90% of the total operating cost, so that even a small increase in employee productivitycan substantially increase a company's financial return (AIA SF, 2001). According to thestudy conducted by USDOE and Lawrence Berkeley National Labs in 1997, the costs oflower productivity for the US economy ranged from $ 12 to $ 125 Billion per year(Damiano, 2005). Separately, a survey among interior design and facility planningdecision-makers indicates that the respondents feel that overcrowding, followed by IEQcomplaints have the greatest negative impact on employee productivity. Reel Grobman &Associates (San Jose, California) conducted the survey. According to the report, 40% ofthe respondents said that overcrowding had the greatest negative effect, while 31% citednoise. Poor IAQ (19%) and poor lighting (10%) were among other factors cited by thosesurveyed. However, nearly three quarters of the respondents (74%) said they felt thatworkplace environmental conditions were critical to employee productivity, while therest said those conditions had some impact.Very often, building managers propose cost cutting moves without considering the addedexpense from lowered productivity if those changes have a negative effect on the indoorenvironment. An example of this came to light with the Building Owners and Managers

Association (BOMA) boasting to members about its success in beating back twoprovisions in ASHRAE Standard 62. Titled "ASHRAE 62: The Check's in the Mail," thearticle appeared in BOMA's member newsletter SkyLines. The two provisions inquestion would have required major construction areas to be isolated from the rest of thebuilding by negative pressure and mandated a 48-hour period for purging contaminantsfrom those areas following construction. BOMA claims that these provisions wereonerous and would have cost building owners about $0.10 per square foot (ft 2) for thefirst provision and $0.01 per sqft for the second. According to the BOMA analysis,defeating those provisions would save a building owner about $11,096 for a 100,000 sqftbuilding. However, BOMA's analysis didn't factor in a possible loss of productivity thatwould result if contaminants from the construction activity migrated into the occupiedspace of the building. This has been a factor in numerous IEQ cases and was the principalcause of the problems 10 years ago at the headquarters of the US EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA). That situation resulted in numerous people being injured andmultiple lawsuits. But lawsuits aside, just a small negative effect on productivity in thatsame 100,000 sqft building could save more than $11,000 (Bas, 1993). Consider theexample of such a building with occupant density at that recommended by ASHRAEwhich is 7 persons per 1,000 sqft for a total of 700 people in the building. Then, assumean average annual salary of $25,000 for each person. This would be a total weekly salaryof $336,538. If construction activities cause IEQ degradation and merely a 1% drop inproductivity, this would be a loss of $3,365 for each week that the situation existed.Wargocki conducted a study in 2000 in order to evaluate the correlation between IAQand productivity in an office space (Wargocki et. al, 2000). The findings of this studyclearly display the importance of IAQ in office buildings. Figure 1 shows the results ofthis study.Figure 1 Overall performance of simulated office work as a function of sensory pollutionload and ventilation rate (outdoor air) (Wargocki et. al, 2000).

One of the other soft costs associated with IAQ is the economic loss created by healthproblems. In OSHA's effort to establish ventilation rules for non-industrial workers, theyused the following justifications, in part:"….the Agency estimates that the excess risk of developing the type of non-migraineheadache which may need medical attention or restrict activity which has beenassociated with poor indoor air quality is 57 per 1,000 exposed employees. In additionthe excess risk of developing upper respiratory symptoms which are severe enough torequire medical attention or restrict activity is estimated to be 85 per 1,000 exposedemployees. These numbers are extrapolated from actual field studies and therefore showthe magnitude of the problem at present.” (OSHA, 1994)This amounts to an estimated average excess risk of lost work-time or diminishedproductivity for an additional 6% of workforce, on any given day, in any facility thatexhibits poor indoor air quality. Another 9% are estimated to be at excess risk and wouldprobably incur lost time due to upper respiratory sickness. In the same LawrenceBerkley/DOE study mentioned earlier, they estimated that the direct cost to the U.S.economy due to increased allergies, asthma and SBS symptoms were $7 and $23 Billionper year. A large portion of these costs are estimated in the form of Workmen'sCompensation claims, Health Care insurance premiums and direct Health Care costs -mostly borne by the claimants' employers.IAQ related litigation cases are still few but are increasing along with the awareness ofaffects of IAQ in buildings. One of the buildings that exhibited the classic symptoms ofSBS was the DuPage County Courthouse in Wheaton, IL. One day in 1992, 25employees were rushed to the hospital, suffering from shortness of breath, headaches, andnausea. The four-story, $50 million building was closed temporarily, affecting some 700employees. The main problem with the courthouse was inadequate ventilation. Thecounty in this case sought $3 million in damages for the design, engineering, andconstruction of the building (Bas, 1993). Another sick building was the Polk CountyCourthouse in Central Florida. The building was opened in the summer of 1987 at a costof $37 million. Due to IAQ problems, the building was shut down, and the remediation ofthe building realized at a cost of $26 million (Bas, 1993).Public focus and litigation on IAQ issues are growing along with increasing belief byemployees that they are "owed" a safe and comfortable working environment. Manyemployees feel that civil litigation involving third parties is their only recourse, whenshown the limitations of claims against their employers within Workmen's Compensationlaws. This makes HVAC engineers, contractors, construction subcontractors, propertymanagers, and building owners the biggest targets.

Statement of the ProblemThe building itself generates many indoor air pollutants. Wrong choice of buildingmaterials or furniture, and poor maintenance of HVAC systems are some of the reasonsfor poor IAQ. It is also very important to determine the optimum levels for ventilation,air filtering, and contaminant source management. The problem of the building industryis that there is not any decision model other than the local and national standards, toguide the decision makers with their choice of indoor air management options in a moreprecise manner. It is a common experience that building regulations do not in themselvesguarantee a good indoor climate. The main problem is the frequent construction, design,and operation defects. These defects usually create indoor environmental problemsderiving from indoor air pollutants such as mold, fungi, various bacteria, and viruses. Theenvironmental technology that is used in a building can either be a contributor or asolution to the indoor air quality. Planning, design, procurement and construction workshould be based not on tight but on generous estimates as regards the time required foreach phase. A substantial reserve capacity should be designed and built into the buildingand its systems.Soft costs in this research represents any costs that are not related to the actual land andconstruction costs. Consequently soft costs of the effects of poor indoor air qualityinclude costs associated with productivity, health, insurance fees, and litigation. The mostcompelling argument for improving building efficiency and performance may be found inthe relationship between occupant comfort and worker productivity. Worker salariesconstitute the major cost of operating a commercial building, generally estimated at over90% of the total operating cost, so that even a small increase in employee productivitycan substantially increase a company's financial return (AIA SF 2001).ObjectivesThe main objective of this research is to develop an operations model, to determine theoptimum levels of IAQ in commercial buildings. The objectives also include the researchtowards answering the following questions:- What is the true cost of IAQ in commercial buildings?- What are the functions among the IAQ levels and the true costs?- What is the optimum level of outdoor air ventilation and air cleaning incommercial buildings?- Who are the decision makers in the industry for IAQ management?- What are the decision criteria for decision makers for IAQ levels?Research MethodologyThis research will use a quantitative operations research methodology that will utilizeLCC analysis in combination with the soft costs analysis in order to optimize the truecosts of indoor air quality control technologies in commercial buildings. Operationsresearch has the potential to offer considerable assistance to the building industry for

optimal solutions. With the help of mathematical programming this research will providethe owners or managers increased ability to analyze their IAQ problems and generatesolutions in a structured manner. Linear programming (LP) which is a tool for solvinglinear programming problems would be an option for this research. LP has been used tosolve optimization problems in industries as diverse as banking, education, forestry, andconstruction. In a survey of Fortune 500 firms, 85% of those responded said that they hadused linear programming (Winston, 1993). Kumar have also studied various successfulapplications of application of linear programming in construction projects (Kumar et. al,2003).Research DesignThe summary of the scope and the outline of the research is given in Figure 2.Figure 2 Research DesignResearch ScopeResearch Methodology

1) Identify the indoor air pollutant related IAQ hurdles of the building industry.This research will examine the following hurdles of the building industry:a) Identify the indoor air pollutant threats for the buildings and the occupantsb) Identify the problems regarding the current indoor air quality technologiesin commercial buildings.2) Evaluate the types of IAQ options to control indoor air quality and the factors thateffect IAQ in commercial buildings.This step of the research ensures that the model to be created will include a solution bytaking all the factors affecting IAQ into account. This research will also determine thealternative technologies, thus those alternatives will be evaluated in the basis of the finalmodel. The comparison with the feasible region in the model will enable the researcher tomake suggestions towards systems that may not exist but would be a better option thanany existing systems. The types of indoor air quality control options will be generated interms of:a) Improved Ventilationb) Air Cleaningc) Contaminant Source ManagementResearch will include the national ASHRAE standards for acceptable indoor ventilationas a lower constraint assuming that all buildings are mandated to meet at least thesestandards.3) Evaluate the true costs of indoor air quality control techniques by combining LCCanalysis and soft costs.Using the combination of life cycle costs, other hard costs, and soft costs will generatethe true costs of indoor air quality control. From an engineering perspective, LCC are allcosts from project inception to disposal of equipment. The LCC analysis will include theownership and operating costs. The common value engineering methodology will befollowed for the calculations. The required data to build the cost analysis will be obtainedby several financial studies conducted by EPA such as “A Preliminary Methodology forEvaluating Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Indoor Air Quality Approaches” byHenschel, and the actual supplier quotes for the system components. The analysis willinclude determination of soft costs and hard costs. This research will only use theavailable research that use the amount of outdoor air and pollution as the independentvariables in a controlled office environment, in order to determine the function betweenIAQ and productivity. A couple of these studies are mentioned in the literature review.The costs associated with health and litigation may be kept out of the model due to theirpossible stochastic nature.

4) Combine the true costs, guidelines, and the function analysis to define andgenerate a decision model.The methodology for the model will follow the following five-step procedure(Winston, 1993):a) Formulate the ProblemDefining the problem includes specifying the objectives and the parts of thesystem that must be studied before the problem can be solved. In this researchthe objective would either be to minimize the true costs of an IAQ controloption or maximizing the cost-effectiveness of IAQ control options.b) Observe the SystemIn this phase the research will be oriented towards the collection of data thatwould affect the problem determined in the previous section. The data to becollected includes: how much an increase in productivity save the owner incosts; how much an increase in the supplied air amount would increaseproductivity; how much hard costs are associated with a unit increase in theamount of air or the treatment of the air; how much energy cost occurs by the anincrease in the unit of outdoor air supply or recirculation air.c) Formulate a Mathematical Model of the ProblemIn this phase a mathematical model of the problem will be developed. Thismodel will include:- Decision Variables- Objective Function- ConstraintsSome of potential decision variables could be as follows:X1 = Amount of outdoor air suppliedX2 = Amount of air cleanedThe objective function could be configured as follows:Min z = C1X1+C2X2+…..CnXn (Minimize true costs)Max z = ∆ (cost) / ∆ (exposure) (Cost effectiveness)The potential constraints are not limited to:ASHRAE Constraint (Minimum outdoor air)Productivity Constraint (Maximum productivity)Ventilation Constraint (Maximum energy for conditioning OA)Equipment Constraint (Maximum amount of air can be cleaned)This phase will also include the sensitivity analysis in order to determine therange of optimality for the model. This will include the determining the values forthe shadow prices and the reduced costs to present the range of optimality. Figure3 represents a basic example for how the model would be structured.

Figure 3 Example graphic for the proposed LP model.d) Verify and Use the Model for Prediction.At this step the goal will be to determine if the model developed in the third stepis an accurate representation of the real world. In order to manage this, themodel will be compared to the current situation in a test commercial building inFlorida. This process will also include the information from sensitivity analysis.e) Select a Suitable AlternativeThe available alternative IAQ control options will be compared to each other onthe basis of the developed model in order to choose the optimum system(s). It isalso plausible that the best alternative may not exist. However the model willhelp to choose the feasible alternatives even if a best alternative does not exist.5) Present Results and ConclusionsIn this phase the model and the recommendations for optimum alternatives will bepresented along with the sensitivity analysis.Assumptions and LimitationsIAQ problems in buildings would appear in many different types of buildings. Howeverthese problems are more common in commercial and institutional buildings. The researchwill only focus on IAQ management in commercial buildings, where significant savingscan be generated by increased worker productivity and performance. There are numerousnumber and types of IAQ management options in commercial buildings. These optionsmay include different technologies with various initial and life cycle costs. In order tolimit the number of options and control the validity, this research will concentrate on thefollowing three categories:- Improved Ventilation- Air Cleaning- Contaminant Source Management

There are different conditions under which each of these approaches is most likely to beincluded, or excluded as a candidate for IAQ control in a particular building. Although insome cases, one of these approaches might be the only logical candidate; this researchwill be limited to buildings that would have all three options as IAQ control techniques.In order to control the different fixed costs deriving from different sizes of buildings theresearch will limit the analysis to a research on “cost effectiveness”. Cost effectivenesswill be structured as the “change in cost per exposure” where exposure would be(concentration) x (person) x (time) (Henschel, 1999). This research will only be limitedto buildings that are not located in areas where the outside air itself is a source ofcontamination such as industrial sites. It is also assumed that the number of occupantsinside a building will not exceed the limits that are mentioned in ASHRAE Standard 62.There will be basically two assumptions implicit in the use of the linear programmingmodel. These assumptions are that any relationship of two or more variables must satisfythe characteristics of a linear relationship and the model will use deterministicassumptions. In a real world situation some of the constraints and variables in a decisionprocess may have non-linear relationships such as the relationship between productivityand IAQ. In such a case the research will simplify these relationships into a linear levelby either slightly under or over estimating the results.Significance of the ResearchThe significance of this research derives from the determination of the optimum IAQoptions for commercial buildings. However the outcome model of this research and itsmethodology would also be used as a basis of similar building related decisions such asbuildings with different sizes, occupation, location, climate, business structure ordifferent management problems. This study will be unique in terms of utilizing themathematical programming such as LP methodology in construction related managerialdecisions other than scheduling.The outcome model of the research and its mathematical programming methodology willbe used as a basis of similar decision mechanisms in the construction industry such as thebuildings with different types, or management problems. This research will contribute tothe current sustainable building research by quantifying the benefits of better IAQ, andclarification of arguments on the contradiction among IAQ and energy efficiency from aquantitative point of view, which will eventually help promoting sustainable buildings.The results of the study will also contribute to IAQ related technical courses in highereducation institutes. Construction management courses will also be able to integrate theresults and the methodology of this research in terms of utilizing mathematicalprogramming for similar managerial decisions. One of the broader impacts of thisresearch will be the creation of healthier and more productive commercial spaces for thesociety.

Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in Commercial BuildingsREFERENCESAIA SF, (August 2001) “Building a Case for Building Performance” Available at:http://techstrategy.com/lineonline/aug01/page4aug01.htmlALA, EPA, CPSC, AMA (1994) “Indoor Air Pollution: An Introduction for HealthProfessionals” US Government Printing OfficeASHRAE 62-1999 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air QualityBas, E. (1993) “Indoor Air Quality in the Building Environment” Business NewsPublishing Company: USADaniels, K., (1998) “Low-Tech, Light-Tech, High-Tech – Building in the InformationAge” Birkhauser Publishers, BerlinEnvironmental Law Institute (April 2005) “Brownfields Glossary” Available at:www.brownfieldscenter.org/big/glossary.shtmlFitch, J. M. & Bobenhausen, W. (1999) “American Building Environmental Forces ThatShape It”, Oxford University Press: New YorkHenschel, D., B., (1999) “A Preliminary Methodology for Evaluating Cost-Effectivenessof Alternative Indoor Air Quality Approaches” EPA, Office of Research andDevelopment, NC, USAGamble, J., Morey, P., Richards, T., Peterson, M., Castellan, R.M. (April 20-23, 1986) “Building Related Respiratory Symptoms: Problems in Identification” Proceedings of theASHRAE Conference IAQ’86, Atlanta, Georgia, USARizzi, E. (1980) “Design and Estimating for Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning”Litton Educational Publishing, New York, USASegen, J. C. (1992) “Dictionary of Modern Medicine” Parthenon Publishing, New Jersey,USASeitz, T.A., (1989). "NIOSH Indoor Air Quality Investigations 1971-1988." Proceedingsof. Indoor Air Quality International Symposium, American Industrial HygieneAssociation. Akron, Ohio, USA

Stein B., Reynolds J.S, (1992) Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings. JohnWiley & Sons: NewYork, USAOSHA 1994, Federal Register #: 59:15968-16039, Proposed Indoor Air QualityRegulations, CFR Title: 29Kumar, V., S., Hanna, A., S., Natarajan, P., (December 2003) “Application of FuzzyLinear Programming in Construction Projects” International Journal of IT inArchitecture, Engineering, and Construction, Vol. ¼US Environmental Protection Agency (July 2005) “EPA Green Indoor EnvironmentsProgram”, Available at: http://www.epa.gov/iaq/greenbuilding/Wargocki, P., Wyon, D., P., Fanger, P., O., (2000) “Productivity is Affected by the AirQuality in Offices” Proceedings of Healthy Buildings, Vol. 1Winston, L., W., (1993) “ Operations Research: Applications and Algorithm” DuxburyPress: CA: USA

Name Charles J. Kibert(i) Professional PreparationU.S. Military Academy, General Engineering, B.S., 1969Carnegie-Mellon University, Nuclear Engineering, M.S., 1976University of South Florida, Mechanical Engineering, Ph.D., 1982(ii) Appointments2002-Present Professor and Director, Powell Center for Construction & Environment1990-2002 Professor and Director, M.E. Rinker Sr. School of Building Construction; Director,Powell Center for Construction and Environment1984-1990 Vice-President and Director of Design, MMM Design Group International, Dublin1982-1984 Vice-President, Engineering, Areg, Inc., Tampa, Florida1978-1982 President, FREE Systems, Inc., Tampa, Florida1977-1978 Senior Engineer, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC1974-1977 Senior Engineer, Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA1969-1974 Officer, U.S. Army(iii) Publicationsa. Related to ProjectKibert, Charles J. Sustainable Constructrion: Green Building Design and Delivery, John Wiley& Sons, New York, 2005.Kibert, Charles J., G.B. Guy, and J. Sendzimir, Eds. Construction Ecology: Nature as the Basisfor Green Buildings, Spon Press, London, 2002.Kibert, C.J., J. Sendzimir, and G.B.Guy. “Construction Ecology and Metabolism: Natural SystemAnalogues fora Sustainable Built Environment,” Journal of Construction Managementand Economics, 18(8), 903-916, December 2000.Kibert, Charles J. and A. Chini, Eds. International Deconstruction, CIB Publication 252, ConseilInternational du Batiment, 2000.Kibert, Charles J. Ed. Reshaping the Built Environment: Ecology, Ethics, and Ecology.Washington, DC: Island Press, 1999.b. Other PublicationsKibert, Charles J. “ Policy Instruments for a Sustainable Built Environment,” Journal of Land Useand Environmental Law, 17(2), Spring 2002, pp. 379-394.Kibert, C.J. et al. “Environmental Design Methods in Materials and Structural Engineering,”Materials and Structures, December 1999 32(224), 699-707.Kibert, Charles J. and G. Bosch. "Green Building Materials," Building Research andInformation Journal, E&FN Spon/Chapman & Hall, London, U.K., January 1998Kibert, Charles J. and Brad Guy. “Abacoa-A Model of Sustainable Land Development,” LandDevelopment, Spring-Summer, 1997, 10(1), pp. 25-29.Peng, Chun-Li, D. Scorpio, and C.J. Kibert. “Construction Waste Recycling Strategies,” Journalof Construction and Economics, 15(1), January 1997, pp. 49-58.

iv) Synergistic Activities(a) Organized Task Group 16 (Susainable Construction) and Task Group 39 (Deconstruction) ofConseil International du Batiment (CIB), an international research networking organizationbased in Rotterdam, The Netherlands(b) Created a track in Sustainable Construction in the Masters Degree Program of the Rinker Schoolof Building Construction, University of Florida, with two new graduate courses: Principles ofSustainable Construction (BCN 6585) and Construction Ecology (BCN 6586).(c) Developed sustainable development guidelines for the Abacoa Development, the first ever greendevelopment guidelines for a large scale (2000 acres +) development of 20,000 homes.(d) Conceived the concept of Construction Ecology, organized a workshop of ecologists, industrialecologists, materials suppliers, and architects to help formulate it, produced an edited volumeon the subject (Construction Ecology, Spon Press, 2002)(v) Collaborators& Other Affiliations(a) Collaborators and Co-EditorsAllen, Tim, University of WisconsinArendt, Randall, Natural Lands Trust, Media, PennsylvaniaAyres, Robert, INSEAD, Fountainbleau, FranceBalkau, Fritz, UNEP, Paris, FranceBisch, Juergen. Seegy & Bisch Architects, Nuernberg, GermanyBringezu, Stefan, Wuppertal Institute, Wuppertal, GermanyChini, Abdol. Powell Center for Construction and Environment, University of FloridaDaly, Herman, University of MarylandGuy, Bradley. Powell Center for Construction and Environment, University of FloridaGraedel, Thomas, Yale UniversityKay, James. University of Waterloo, CanadaLindsay, Gail, Architect, Harmony, North CarolinaMalin. Nadav. Environmental Building News, Brattleboro, VermontPena, Robert, University of OregonGarry Peterson, University of WisconsinSendzimir, Jan. Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Vienna, AustriaStrong, Stephen, Stephen Strong Associates, MassachusettsTodd, John, Living Technologies Inc., VermontTrumbull, William, City of ChicagoVan Der Ryn, Sim, Ryn Architets, CaliforniaVan Gelder, Sarah, Editor, Yes! A Journal for Positive FuturesWells, Malcolm, Architect, Brewster, MassachusettsWernick, Iddo. Columbia University, New York, New YorkWilliams, Daniel, University of MiamiWilson, Alex, Environmental Building News, Brattleboro, VermontYost, Peter. National Association of Home Builders Research Center, Maryland(b) Doctoral Advisor: Dr. William E. Smith, University of South Florida(c) Thesis Advisor and Post-Graduate Sponsor:Kevin Hollister, Kevin Grosskopf, Luke Nicholson, Philip Crowther, Peter Graham, Geoff Outhred

Name Kevin R. Grosskopf(i) Professional PreparationFlorida Agricultural & Mechanical University, Construction Engineering Technology, B.S., 1992University of Florida, Building Construction, M.S., 1993University of Florida, Building Construction, Ph.D., 1998(ii) Appointments2002-2005 Assistant Professor, M.E. Rinker Sr. School of Building Construction, University of Florida,Gainesville, Florida; Director, Center for Collective Protection1999-2002Lead Engineer, Gainesville Regional Utilities (GRU), Gainesville, Florida; Adjunct Assistant Professor,University of Florida1995-1999Program Manager, Department of Defense, Tyndall AFB, Florida1993-1995Project Engineer, Applied Research Associates, Inc., Panama City, Florida1989-1992Superintendent, John Eggers Construction Company, Tampa, Florida(iii) Publicationsa. Related to ProjectGrosskopf, K.R, C.J. Kibert and P. Oppenheim. Market-based Incentive/Disincentive (I/D) Model forSustainable Energy Use in Residential Construction, Action for Sustainability: Proceedings ofthe 2005 World Sustainable Conference. Tokyo. September 2005.Kibert, C.J. and K.R. Grosskopf. Radical Sustainable Construction: Envisioning Next-GenerationGreen Buildings, Action for Sustainability: Proceedings of the 2005 World SustainableConference. Tokyo. September 2005.Grosskopf, K.R. Developing Market-based Incentives for Green Building Alternatives, Journal ofGreen Building. Vol. 1, No.1. College Publishing. Kimball, MI. June, 2005.Grosskopf, K.R. Market-Based Incentives for Green Building Alternatives: A Case Study of WaterResource Management in Rapidly Developing Countries, Proceedings of the First InternationalIntelligent and Green Building Technologies and Products Conference. Beijing. March 2005.Grosskopf, K.R. Investing in Green Building Alternatives: U.S. Consumer Willingness to Pay,International Electronic Journal of Construction. March 2003.Grosskopf, K.R. and D. Newport. WATERGY: Comparisons of water and energy resourcesembodied in potable distribution for in-fill and urban sprawl environments, Sierra Club,May 2001.Grosskopf, K.R. and C. Kibert. Comparison of the Unified Florida Building Code and the SouthFlorida Building Code Product Approval Systems, State of Florida Department of CommunityAffairs, Tallahassee, August 1999.Grosskopf, K.R. Operationalizing Sustainable Development, UMI Bell & Howell, Ann Arbor, December1998.Grosskopf, K.R. Development of an Air Force Solid Waste Processing System, ASME InternationalMechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE), Atlanta, November 1996.

Grosskopf, K.R., L. Circeo, and R. Gregory. Processing and Treatment Systems for Solid, Biological,and POL Wastes, CIB International Conference on Construction Modernization and Education.Beijing, October 1996.Kibert, C., K.R. Grosskopf and C. L. Peng. Sustainable Development and the Environment: U.S. &International Trends, 1st International Conference on Sustainable Construction, Tampa,November 1994.Grosskopf, K.R. Construction and Demolition Wastes vs. Sustainability, Florida Environmental Expo,Tampa, October 1994.Kibert, C. and K.R. Grosskopf. The Effect of Environmental Costs on Construction in the U.S., Gaston-Watford, U.K., November, 1993.Kibert, C. and K.R. Grosskopf. Guidelines for the Use of Reclaimed Wastewater in Florida, BuildingConstruction Industry Advisory Committee (BCIAC), University of Florida. Gainesville, October1992.b. Other PublicationsGrosskopf, K.R. Hurricane Survivability for Underrepresented Populations Living inManufactured Housing: A Case Study in Post 1994 HUD Code Methods, Proceedings of theCITC-III: Construction in the 21 st Century: Advancing Engineering, Management andTechnology. National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). Athens. September 2005.Grosskopf, K.R. CMU Elastomers and Window Safety Films: Innovative Retrofit Technologies forAirblast and Windload Protection, Proceedings of the CITC-III: Construction in the 21 stCentury: Advancing Engineering, Management and Technology. National Technical Universityof Athens (NTUA). Athens. September 2005.Grosskopf, K.R., W.S. Shepherd and P. Oppenheim. Assessing the Financial Feasibility of UtilityProvided Back-Up Power During Site Planning, Journal of Energy Engineering. AmericanSociety of Civil Engineers (ASCE). July 2005.(iv) Synergistic Activities(a) Visiting Professor, Hydraulics and Sanitation Department, Paraná Federal University, Curitiba City,Paraná State, Brazil. Greywater Reuse and Reuse Systems Technology, March 2005.Visiting Professor, Study Abroad Program for Students of the Rinker School of Building Construction,(b) University of Florida in collaboration with the Fachhochschule Lippe und Hoxter (University ofApplied Sciences at Lippe), Germany..(c) Director, Center for Collective Protection in the Built Environment, a multi-disciplinary universityorganization dedicated to developing technology, planning and design guidance to enhance the Nation’sability to mitigate the consequences of natural and human-caused hazards within the built environment.(v) Collaborators & Other AffiliationsState of Florida Construction Industry Licensing BoardAssociation of Energy Engineers (AEE)Florida Municipal Electric Association (FMEA)Society of American Military Engineers (SAME)Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)Associated General Contractors (AGC) of America

Name Svetlana Olbina(i) Professional PreparationUniversity of Belgrade, Architecture, B.Sc. Arch., 1990University of Belgrade, Architecture, M.Sc.Arch., 2000Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Building Construction, Ph.D., 2005(ii) Appointments08/2005-presentAssistant Professor, Rinker School of Building Construction,University of Florida08/2004-08/2005 Visiting Assistant Professor, Rinker School of Building Construction,University of Florida08/2002-12/2002 Instructor, Department of Building Construction, Virginia Tech05/2002-08/2002 Architectural intern, Pulte Homes Corporation, Fairfax, VA08/2001-12/2001 Instructor, Department of Building Construction, Virginia Tech05/2001-08/2001 Architectural intern, Pulte Homes Corporation, Fairfax, VA09/1994-07/2000 Lecturer, School of Architecture, University of Belgrade01/1991-08/1994 Architectural manager, Industry of Metal Constructions "Belgrade"01/1989-12/1990 Architectural assistant, School of Architecture, Univ. of Belgrade(iii) Publicationsa. Related to ProjectOlbina, S. Decision-Making Framework for the Selection and Design of Shading Devices –Ph.D. dissertation. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg,Virginia, March, 2005.Website address: http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03062005-104155/Olbina, S. and Beliveau, Y. Decision-Making Framework For Selection And Design of aShading Device Based on Daylighting Performance. Conference proceeding.International conference Performance of Exterior Envelopes of Whole Buildings IX.Clearwater Beach, Florida, December, 2004.b. Other PublicationsOlbina, S. New Teaching/Learning Methodology in the Computer and GraphicCommunications Course. Associated Schools of Construction's 41st AnnualInternational Conference. Cincinnati, Ohio, April 6-9, 2005.Olbina, S. The Application of Solar Energy in Urban Planning. Conference proceeding.National Conference "Alternative Energy Resources and the Future of Their Applicationin Yugoslavia". Budva , Yugoslavia, October 7-10, 1998.Olbina, S. The Application of Aluminum Constructions in the Process of BioclimaticRehabilitation. Chapter in monograph "Progression and Development of Housing inSerbia". Faculty of Architecture. University of Belgrade. Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 1997.E- 1

Olbina, S. Aluminum Constructions' Application in Production of Greenhouses. Conferenceproceeding. 7 th International Conference on Solar Energy at High Latitudes "North Sun97". Espoo-Otaniemi, Finland, June 9-11, 1997.Olbina, S. and Ivanovic Sekularac, J. Ventilated Curtain Wall. Conference proceeding.International Conference "Architecture and Urbanism at the Turn of the III Millennium".Belgrade, Yugoslavia, November 13-15, 1996.iv) Synergistic Activities(a) Development of new teaching/learning methodology in the Computer and GraphicCommunication course in Rinker School of Building Construction, University of Florida,August, 2004.(v) Collaborators& Other Affiliations(a) Doctoral Advisor: Dr. Yvan Beliveau, Professor and Head, Department of BuildingConstruction, Virginia Tech(b) Graduate Advisors:Dr. Yvan Beliveau, Professor and Head, Department of Building Construction, Virginia TechProf. Michael O’Brien, Professor, School of Architecture, Virginia TechDr. James Jones, Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Virginia TechDr. Carlos Suchicital, Associate Professor, Department of Material Science and Engineering,Virginia TechDr. Walid Thabet, Associate Professor, Department of Building Construction, Virginia TechDr. Ronald Wakefield, Professor and Head, School of Property, Construction & ProjectManagement, Royal Melbourne Institute of TechnologyE- 2

SUMMARY YEARPROPOSAL BUDGETFOR NSF USE ONLYORGANIZATION PROPOSAL NO. DURATION (months)University of FloridaProposed GrantedPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR / PROJECT DIRECTORAWARD NO.Charles J KibertNSF FundedA. SENIOR PERSONNEL: PI/PD, Co-PI’s, Faculty and Other Senior AssociatesFundsFundsPerson-monthsRequested By granted by NSF(List each separately with title, A.7. show number in brackets) CAL ACAD SUMR proposer (if different)1. Charles J Kibert - Professor 0.00 0.00 2.00 $ 16,703 $2. Kevin R Grosskopf - Assistant Professor 0.00 0.00 2.00 6,3243. Svetlana Olbina - Assistant Professor 0.00 0.00 2.00 5,2894.5.6. ( 0 ) OTHERS (LIST INDIVIDUALLY ON BUDGET JUSTIFICATION PAGE) 0.00 0.00 0.00 07. ( 3 ) TOTAL SENIOR PERSONNEL (1 - 6)0.00 0.00 6.00 28,316B. OTHER PERSONNEL (SHOW NUMBERS IN BRACKETS)1. ( 0 ) POST DOCTORAL ASSOCIATES0.00 0.00 0.00 02. ( 0 ) OTHER PROFESSIONALS (TECHNICIAN, PROGRAMMER, ETC.) 0.00 0.00 0.00 03. ( 2 ) GRADUATE STUDENTS27,0404. ( 0 ) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS05. ( 0 ) SECRETARIAL - CLERICAL (IF CHARGED DIRECTLY)06. ( 0 ) OTHER0TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES (A + B)55,356C. FRINGE BENEFITS (IF CHARGED AS DIRECT COSTS)8,534TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES AND FRINGE BENEFITS (A + B + C)63,890D. EQUIPMENT (LIST ITEM AND DOLLAR AMOUNT FOR EACH ITEM EXCEEDING $5,000.)1TOTAL EQUIPMENTE. TRAVEL 1. DOMESTIC (INCL. CANADA, MEXICO AND U.S. POSSESSIONS)2. FOREIGN03,5000F. PARTICIPANT SUPPORT COSTS1. STIPENDS $02. TRAVEL03. SUBSISTENCE04. OTHER0TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS ( 0 ) TOTAL PARTICIPANT COSTS0G. OTHER DIRECT COSTS1. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES1,2002. PUBLICATION COSTS/DOCUMENTATION/DISSEMINATION1,2003. CONSULTANT SERVICES04. COMPUTER SERVICES05. SUBAWARDS06. OTHER10,598TOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTS12,998H. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (A THROUGH G)80,388I. INDIRECT COSTS (F&A)(SPECIFY RATE AND BASE)Facilities and Administration (Rate: 45.5000, Base: 69790)TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS (F&A)31,754J. TOTAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT COSTS (H + I)112,142K. RESIDUAL FUNDS (IF FOR FURTHER SUPPORT OF CURRENT PROJECTS SEE GPG II.C.6.j.)0L. AMOUNT OF THIS REQUEST (J) OR (J MINUS K) $ 112,142 $M. COST SHARING PROPOSED LEVEL $ 0 AGREED LEVEL IF DIFFERENT $PI/PD NAMEFOR NSF USE ONLYCharles J KibertINDIRECT COST RATE VERIFICATIONORG. REP. NAME*Date Checked Date Of Rate Sheet Initials - ORGBrian prindle1 *ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES REQUIRED FOR REVISED BUDGET

SUMMARY YEARPROPOSAL BUDGETFOR NSF USE ONLYORGANIZATION PROPOSAL NO. DURATION (months)University of FloridaProposed GrantedPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR / PROJECT DIRECTORAWARD NO.Charles J KibertNSF FundedA. SENIOR PERSONNEL: PI/PD, Co-PI’s, Faculty and Other Senior AssociatesFundsFundsPerson-monthsRequested By granted by NSF(List each separately with title, A.7. show number in brackets) CAL ACAD SUMR proposer (if different)1. Charles J Kibert - Professor 0.00 0.00 2.00 $ 16,703 $2. Kevin R Grosskopf - Assistant Professor 0.00 0.00 2.00 6,3243. Svetlana Olbina - Assistant Professor 0.00 0.00 2.00 5,2894.5.6. ( 0 ) OTHERS (LIST INDIVIDUALLY ON BUDGET JUSTIFICATION PAGE) 0.00 0.00 0.00 07. ( 3 ) TOTAL SENIOR PERSONNEL (1 - 6)0.00 0.00 6.00 28,316B. OTHER PERSONNEL (SHOW NUMBERS IN BRACKETS)1. ( 0 ) POST DOCTORAL ASSOCIATES0.00 0.00 0.00 02. ( 0 ) OTHER PROFESSIONALS (TECHNICIAN, PROGRAMMER, ETC.) 0.00 0.00 0.00 03. ( 2 ) GRADUATE STUDENTS27,8524. ( 0 ) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS05. ( 0 ) SECRETARIAL - CLERICAL (IF CHARGED DIRECTLY)06. ( 0 ) OTHER0TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES (A + B)56,168C. FRINGE BENEFITS (IF CHARGED AS DIRECT COSTS)9,088TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES AND FRINGE BENEFITS (A + B + C)65,256D. EQUIPMENT (LIST ITEM AND DOLLAR AMOUNT FOR EACH ITEM EXCEEDING $5,000.)2TOTAL EQUIPMENTE. TRAVEL 1. DOMESTIC (INCL. CANADA, MEXICO AND U.S. POSSESSIONS)2. FOREIGN04,0000F. PARTICIPANT SUPPORT COSTS1. STIPENDS $02. TRAVEL03. SUBSISTENCE04. OTHER0TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS ( 0 ) TOTAL PARTICIPANT COSTS0G. OTHER DIRECT COSTS1. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES1,0002. PUBLICATION COSTS/DOCUMENTATION/DISSEMINATION1,0003. CONSULTANT SERVICES04. COMPUTER SERVICES05. SUBAWARDS06. OTHER12,188TOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTS14,188H. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (A THROUGH G)83,444I. INDIRECT COSTS (F&A)(SPECIFY RATE AND BASE)Facilities and Administration (Rate: 45.5000, Base: 71256)TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS (F&A)32,421J. TOTAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT COSTS (H + I)115,865K. RESIDUAL FUNDS (IF FOR FURTHER SUPPORT OF CURRENT PROJECTS SEE GPG II.C.6.j.)0L. AMOUNT OF THIS REQUEST (J) OR (J MINUS K) $ 115,865 $M. COST SHARING PROPOSED LEVEL $ 0 AGREED LEVEL IF DIFFERENT $PI/PD NAMEFOR NSF USE ONLYCharles J KibertINDIRECT COST RATE VERIFICATIONORG. REP. NAME*Date Checked Date Of Rate Sheet Initials - ORGBrian prindle2 *ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES REQUIRED FOR REVISED BUDGET

SUMMARY CumulativePROPOSAL BUDGETFOR NSF USE ONLYORGANIZATION PROPOSAL NO. DURATION (months)University of FloridaProposed GrantedPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR / PROJECT DIRECTORAWARD NO.Charles J KibertNSF FundedA. SENIOR PERSONNEL: PI/PD, Co-PI’s, Faculty and Other Senior AssociatesFundsFundsPerson-monthsRequested By granted by NSF(List each separately with title, A.7. show number in brackets) CAL ACAD SUMR proposer (if different)1. Charles J Kibert - Professor 0.00 0.00 4.00 $ 33,406 $2. Kevin R Grosskopf - Assistant Professor 0.00 0.00 4.00 12,6483. Svetlana Olbina - Assistant Professor 0.00 0.00 4.00 10,5784.5.6. ( ) OTHERS (LIST INDIVIDUALLY ON BUDGET JUSTIFICATION PAGE) 0.00 0.00 0.00 07. ( 3 ) TOTAL SENIOR PERSONNEL (1 - 6)0.00 0.00 12.00 56,632B. OTHER PERSONNEL (SHOW NUMBERS IN BRACKETS)1. ( 0 ) POST DOCTORAL ASSOCIATES0.00 0.00 0.00 02. ( 0 ) OTHER PROFESSIONALS (TECHNICIAN, PROGRAMMER, ETC.) 0.00 0.00 0.00 03. ( 4 ) GRADUATE STUDENTS54,8924. ( 0 ) UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS05. ( 0 ) SECRETARIAL - CLERICAL (IF CHARGED DIRECTLY)06. ( 0 ) OTHER0TOTAL SALARIES AND WAGES (A + B)111,524C. FRINGE BENEFITS (IF CHARGED AS DIRECT COSTS)17,622TOTAL SALARIES, WAGES AND FRINGE BENEFITS (A + B + C)129,146D. EQUIPMENT (LIST ITEM AND DOLLAR AMOUNT FOR EACH ITEM EXCEEDING $5,000.)TOTAL EQUIPMENTE. TRAVEL 1. DOMESTIC (INCL. CANADA, MEXICO AND U.S. POSSESSIONS)2. FOREIGN07,5000F. PARTICIPANT SUPPORT COSTS1. STIPENDS $02. TRAVEL03. SUBSISTENCE04. OTHER0TOTAL NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS ( 0 ) TOTAL PARTICIPANT COSTS0G. OTHER DIRECT COSTS1. MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES2. PUBLICATION COSTS/DOCUMENTATION/DISSEMINATION3. CONSULTANT SERVICES4. COMPUTER SERVICES5. SUBAWARDS6. OTHERTOTAL OTHER DIRECT COSTSH. TOTAL DIRECT COSTS (A THROUGH G)2,2002,20000022,78627,186163,832I. INDIRECT COSTS (F&A)(SPECIFY RATE AND BASE)TOTAL INDIRECT COSTS (F&A)64,175J. TOTAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT COSTS (H + I)228,007K. RESIDUAL FUNDS (IF FOR FURTHER SUPPORT OF CURRENT PROJECTS SEE GPG II.C.6.j.)0L. AMOUNT OF THIS REQUEST (J) OR (J MINUS K) $ 228,007 $M. COST SHARING PROPOSED LEVEL $ 0 AGREED LEVEL IF DIFFERENT $PI/PD NAMEFOR NSF USE ONLYCharles J KibertINDIRECT COST RATE VERIFICATIONORG. REP. NAME*Date Checked Date Of Rate Sheet Initials - ORGBrian prindleC *ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES REQUIRED FOR REVISED BUDGET

Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in Commercial BuildingsBudget Justification1. General: The budget for this project maximizes the involvement of people in the researcheffort and has minimal costs for travel, equipment, and miscellaneous expenses.2. Personnel: This research project assumes a PI (Charles Kibert) and two Co-PIs (KevinGrosskopf, and Svetlana Olbina), faculty in the Powell Center for Construction andEnvironment. 2 graduate students, masters and/or doctoral candidates, will be contributors to thisresearch effort over the two-year duration of this program. The priority for selecting the graduatestudents for this program would be for students interested in performing research on issues ofIndoor Air Quality in sustainable buildings as well as the application of operations research inconstruction related managerial decisions. The Personnel category of the proposal dominates thefunding request and maximizes the involvement of personnel in the research program. Thefunding requested in this category is as follows:Year1 2PI and Co-PIs 28,316 28,316Graduate Students 27,040 27,852*Graduate Student Tuition 10,598 12,188Fringe Benefits 8,534 9,088*Note: Graduate Student Tuition is shown in Category G6. Other on the Budget forms3. Travel: Minimal funds are requested to support travel to key meetings and conferences thatsupport the goals of this research. Among these meetings are the annual meeting of the U.S.Green Building Council, the annual Greenprints Conference in Atlanta, and the biannual meetingof Green Building Challenge. Additional travel funds will be provided by the Rinker School tosupport the travel of the PI, Co-PI, and graduate students engaged in this research. The fundingrequested for travel is as follows:Year1 23,500 4,0004. Miscellaneous: The sole items for which funding is requested in the miscellaneous category isfor the publication and mailing of reports associated with this work effort and other minor itemsthat may be required in the course of this work effort. The following is the funding requested forthis purpose:Year1 22,400 2,000

Current and Pending Support(See GPG Section II.C.2.h for guidance on information to include on this form.)The following information should be provided for each investigator and other senior personnel. Failure to provide this information may delay consideration of this proposal.Investigator:Charles KibertOther agencies (including NSF) to which this proposal has been/will be submitted.Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Decision Model to Optimize Indoor AIr Quality in CommercialBuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation228,007 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Design for Deconstruction and Disassembly (DfDD): ClosingMaterial Loops in ConstructionSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation457,188 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/09Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Return on Investment Strategies for Green BuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation253,773 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Zero Stormwater InfrastructureSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $U.S. Environmental Protection Agency10,000 Total Award Period Covered: 11/01/05 - 05/31/06Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 0.10Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title:Source of Support:Total Award Amount: $Total Award Period Covered:Location of Project:Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: Acad: Summ:*If this project has previously been funded by another agency, please list and furnish information for immediately preceding funding period.Page G-1USE ADDITIONAL SHEETS AS NECESSARY

Current and Pending Support(See GPG Section II.C.2.h for guidance on information to include on this form.)The following information should be provided for each investigator and other senior personnel. Failure to provide this information may delay consideration of this proposal.Investigator:Kevin GrosskopfOther agencies (including NSF) to which this proposal has been/will be submitted.Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in CommercialBuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation228,007 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Moisture Control Construction Checklist (MC3) - SoftwareBeta TestingSource of Support: AGC Education and Research FoundationTotal Award Amount: $ 7,328 Total Award Period Covered: 07/01/05 - 07/01/06Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Balancing Safety, Security and Sustainability: Methods toEvaluate the Effectiveness and Social Response to U.S.Anti-Terrorism Measures in the Built EnvironmentSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $University of Florida2,827 Total Award Period Covered: 04/01/05 - 04/01/06Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Design for Deconstruction and Disassembly (DfDD): ClosingMaterial Loops in ConstructionSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation457,188 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/09Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Return on Investment Strategies for Green BuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation253,773 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Summ: 2.00*If this project has previously been funded by another agency, please list and furnish information for immediately preceding funding period.Page G-2USE ADDITIONAL SHEETS AS NECESSARY

Current and Pending Support(See GPG Section II.C.2.h for guidance on information to include on this form.)The following information should be provided for each investigator and other senior personnel. Failure to provide this information may delay consideration of this proposal.Investigator:Kevin GrosskopfOther agencies (including NSF) to which this proposal has been/will be submitted.Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: MC3: Pilot QA/QC Software to Mitigate Airborne Pathogensduring ConstructionSource of Support: National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthTotal Award Amount: $ 139,538 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Moisture Control Construction Checklist (MC3): SimplifiedSoftware to Mitigate Mold and Other Indoor EnvironmentalHazards for Single and Multi-Family HousingSource of Support: US Department of Housing and Urban DevelopmentTotal Award Amount: $ 96,940 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/07Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Spectrally Selective Safety Films for Energy Savings andWindstorm Protection in Manufactured and Low-Income HousingSource of Support: US Department of Housing and Urban DevelopmentTotal Award Amount: $ 76,819 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/06Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Ultra-High Pressure (UHP) Fire Suppression SystemSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $Air Force Research Laboratory10,076 Total Award Period Covered: 07/01/05 - 06/01/06Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title:Source of Support:Total Award Amount: $Total Award Period Covered:Location of Project:Person-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: Acad: Summ:*If this project has previously been funded by another agency, please list and furnish information for immediately preceding funding period.Page G-3USE ADDITIONAL SHEETS AS NECESSARY

Current and Pending Support(See GPG Section II.C.2.h for guidance on information to include on this form.)The following information should be provided for each investigator and other senior personnel. Failure to provide this information may delay consideration of this proposal.Investigator:Svetlana OlbinaOther agencies (including NSF) to which this proposal has been/will be submitted.Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Design for Deconstruction and Dissassembly (DfDD): ClosingMaterial Loops in ConstructionSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation457,188 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/09Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in CommercialBuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation228,007 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Smart Fenestration Systems for Tomorrow’s Zero EnergyBuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $Department of Energy1,296,358 Total Award Period Covered: 05/15/06 - 05/14/09Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: Return on Investing Strategies for Green BuildingsSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation253,773 Total Award Period Covered: 01/01/06 - 01/01/08Location of Project: Gainesville. FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Sumr: 2.00Support: Current Pending Submission Planned in Near Future *Transfer of SupportProject/Proposal Title: CAREER: Model for an Automated Split Control of ShadingDevicesSource of Support:Total Award Amount: $National Science Foundation381,623 Total Award Period Covered: 01/09/06 - 01/01/11Location of Project: Gainesville, FLPerson-Months Per Year Committed to the Project. Cal: 0.00 Acad: 0.00 Summ: 2.00*If this project has previously been funded by another agency, please list and furnish information for immediately preceding funding period.Page G-4USE ADDITIONAL SHEETS AS NECESSARY

Decision Model to Optimize Indoor Air Quality in Commercial BuildingsFacilities, Equipment, and Other Resources1. General: The PI and Co-PI are faculty in the Powell Center for Construction and Environment, RinkerSchool of Building Construction, University of Florida. The Powell Center is located in a new certifiedgreen building, Rinker Hall on the University of Florida campus. Rinker Hall will provide ample space,computer equipment, and other necessary infrastructure of the conduct of the research described in thisproposal.2. Powell Center for Construction and Environment: The PI founded the Powell Center in 1990,establishing it to address the environmental impacts of construction. It has evolved into a full-fledgedresearch center and center of excellence at the University of Florida with several faculty affiliates, postdoctoralstudents, visiting scholars and graduate students working on various high performance buildingresearch issues. The Powell Center has developed an international reputation by creating the concept ofSustainable Construction and for its work on recycling construction and demolition waste and on thedeconstruction of buildings. Graduate students of the Powell Center routinely participate indeconstruction of buildings for research purposes and are generally well aware of and educated in theissues of green building materials in construction.3. Rinker Hall: The Powell Center is located in Rinker Hall which as a green building is a model forenvironmentally sound materials practices. It was also designed to be deconstructed to a limited degreeand provisions are being made for storing data to allow its disassembly at the end of its useful life. As afacility, Rinker Hall has ample space for graduate students and the Powell Center has a space dedicated toits functions. Office space for faculty is located adjacent to the Powell Center and there are severalstructures and materials laboratories on the ground floor. An exterior research yard provides a large spacefor larger scale research projects.4. University of Florida Research Facilities: The University of Florida is a graduate research institutionand its focus is on graduate education and the furtherance of knowledge. As such it has extensivelaboratories, teaching spaces, and meeting rooms. These facilities will be adequate for the conduct of theproposed research.