Jackson2013-Status and Trendsof Caribbean Coral Reefs

IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT
The results of this study contradict much
of the conventional wisdom about the
importance of ocean warming, disease, and
hurricanes on coral reefs and emphasize the
critical importance of historical perspective
for coral reef management and conservation.
The threats of climate change and ocean
acidification loom ominously for the future,
but overfishing and the resulting increase in
macroalgae have been the major drivers of
the catastrophic decline of Caribbean reefs
up until today.
What this means is that smart decisions
and actions on a local basis can make an
enormous difference for the wellbeing of
corals reefs and the people and enterprises
that depend upon them. Thus, three major
recommendations emerge from this report:
1. Ban all trap fishing, spearfishing and any
other fishing of parrotfish in coral reefs
and adjacent environments and provide
dignified alternative livelihoods for the
fishers affected.
2. Simplify and standardize monitoring of
Caribbean reefs and make the results
available on an annual basis to facilitate
adaptive management.
A very small number of key variables would
suffice including: percent cover of corals and
macroalgae, biomass of large parrotfish and
abundance of Diadema , coral recruitment
measured as the density of small colonies <
40 mm, incidence of coral disease, and water
transparency measured by a secchi disk.
3. Foster communication and exchange of
information so that local managers can
benefit from the experiences of others
elsewhere.
STATUS AND TRENDS OF CARIBBEAN CORAL REEFS: 1969-2012
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