The African American Experience in Louisiana

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On the cover: (Clockwise from top left to center) Slave quarters, Evergreen Plantation, Wallace, St. John the Baptist Parish; Antioch Baptist Church, Shreveport, Caddo Parish; Dorseyville School with St. John Baptist Church in background, Dorseyville, Iberville Parish; Star Cemetery, Shreveport, Caddo Parish; S. W. Green House, New Orleans, Orleans Parish; Prince Hall Masonic Temple, Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge Parish; Freetown, St. James Parish; A. P. Tureaud House, New Orleans, Orleans Parish; J. S. McGehee Lodge # 54, St. Francisville vicinity, West Feliciana Parish; Southern University, Baton Rouge, East Baton Rouge Parish. Photographs of A. P. Tureaud House and S. W. Green House in New Orleans by Charles Lesher. All other photographs by Laura Ewen Blokker.
TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary/ Statement of Historic Context …………………………………………..…1 Background History and Development Birth of a Creole Culture: People of African Descent in French and Spanish Colonial Louisiana, 1699-1802……………………………………………………………………..4 Diminishing Liberties and Growing Tensions: African Americans in the American Territorial Period and Antebellum Statehood, 1803-1861……………………………….10 Uneasy Alliances and the Attainment of Freedom: The African American Experience During the Civil War, 1861-1864………………………………………………………..23 Navigating a Changed Nation: African Americans and Reconstruction, 1865-1877…...28 The Battle for Equality: Post-Reconstruction, Jim Crow, and the Civil Rights Movement, 1878-1965………………………………………………………………………………..36 Associated Property Types………………………………………………………………………49 Residential……………………………………………………………………………….51 Enslavement……………………………………………………………………………..64 Labor, Agriculture, and Industry………………………………………………………...68 Religious…………………………………………………………………………………70 Educational………………………………………………………………………………75 Professional and Artistic…………………………………………………………………91 Commercial………………………………………………………………………………93 Social…………………………………………………………………………………….95 Recreational…………………………………………………………………………….100 Political…………………………………………………………………………………104 Military…………………………………………………………………………………106 Medical…………………………………………………………………………………107 Districts…………………………………………………………………………………108 Geographical Data……………………………………………………………………………...118 Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods………………………………..................118 Illustration Credits and Acknowledgments…………………………………………………….120
Page 1: The African American Experience in
Page 5 and 6: of the city of New Orleans, beautif
Page 7 and 8: BACKGROUND HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
Page 9 and 10: apprenticeships with skilled artisa
Page 11 and 12: Coartación seems to have been assi
Page 13 and 14: freeing slaves in all its colonies,
Page 15 and 16: slaying of his son. An immediate an
Page 17 and 18: to 129 at Parlange in Pointe Coupé
Page 19 and 20: was apparently different when they
Page 21 and 22: indicative of their individual weal
Page 23 and 24: the cleanliness and comfort of the
Page 25 and 26: chartered in 1848 and its building
Page 27 and 28: a horse, tanning leather or making
Page 29 and 30: which should go hand and hand with
Page 31 and 32: difficult to distinguish between th
Page 33 and 34: near riot with groups of African Am
Page 35 and 36: egan actively opening schools and p
Page 37 and 38: according to the terms of the contr
Page 39 and 40: estimated thirty-four whites and 15
Page 41 and 42: continued to vote in Louisiana unti
Page 43 and 44: suddenly being free with no wealth
Page 45 and 46: Bogalusa even established separate
Page 47 and 48: Into this situation entered the Rev
Page 49 and 50: provided some of the best facilitie
Page 51 and 52: their predecessors. 229 Two months
Page 53 and 54:
State Historic Preservation Office
Page 55 and 56:
example of this is the way that seg
Page 57 and 58:
architecture or Criterion B signifi
Page 59 and 60:
as the home and meeting place of De
Page 61 and 62:
African architectural antecedents,
Page 63 and 64:
Opelousas. 238 A private home used
Page 65 and 66:
owner was the State of Louisiana, w
Page 67 and 68:
to the ongoing struggle of African
Page 69 and 70:
documented house of an African Amer
Page 71 and 72:
6. Cemeteries Plantation cemeteries
Page 73 and 74:
would suffer from a loss of setting
Page 75 and 76:
adding the benefits of modern techn
Page 77 and 78:
commissioned to design would play i
Page 79 and 80:
1850s, serving free children of col
Page 81 and 82:
eligious, there were some parochial
Page 83 and 84:
Iberville Parish when it was docume
Page 85 and 86:
housing just grades one through fou
Page 87 and 88:
A compromise between the demand of
Page 89 and 90:
uildings for African Americans vers
Page 91 and 92:
loss of location or setting for som
Page 93 and 94:
In order to be eligible for the Nat
Page 95 and 96:
African American artists many times
Page 97 and 98:
locks of the street, just a dozen r
Page 99 and 100:
Masonic organization for African Am
Page 101 and 102:
founded in 1883 (Figure 92). The bu
Page 103 and 104:
uildings or structures. Possible ex
Page 105 and 106:
Pontchartrain Park course, now rena
Page 107 and 108:
J. Political This property type is
Page 109 and 110:
K. Military Although the history of
Page 111 and 112:
was likely the only place in Donald
Page 113 and 114:
A careful evaluation of all buildin
Page 115 and 116:
eviction by white landlords should
Page 117 and 118:
4. Towns and Settlements Towns and
Page 119 and 120:
preserving the history of this remo
Page 121 and 122:
GEOGRAPHICAL DATA This context is l
Page 123 and 124:
etween Louisiana’s historic resou
Page 125 and 126:
Edwards, Jay D. “Shotgun: The Mos
Page 127:
Vlach, John Michael. “The Shotgun
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The African American Experience in Louisiana

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