Grasping the nettle
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6 <strong>Grasping</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>nettle</strong>: Ending Europe’s Trade in Execution and Torture Technology<br />
Whilst <strong>the</strong> Commission proposals are significant, <strong>the</strong>y fail to effectively address a number of crucial<br />
weakness and loopholes in <strong>the</strong> Regulation and its attendant control regime. If <strong>the</strong>se issues are not<br />
tackled directly now by <strong>the</strong> EU Member States and <strong>the</strong> European Parliament, this rare opportunity<br />
to comprehensively streng<strong>the</strong>n <strong>the</strong> control regime and close loopholes that can be exploited by<br />
unscrupulous traders will be missed. It is now time for <strong>the</strong> European Union to “grasp <strong>the</strong> <strong>nettle</strong>”<br />
and end Europe’s trade in execution and torture technology for good. This report, co-authored by<br />
Amnesty International and <strong>the</strong> Omega Research Foundation, is intended to inform this process, by<br />
highlighting existing failings of <strong>the</strong> control regime through contemporary case studies and by providing<br />
realistic and workable policy solutions to <strong>the</strong>se often complex technical issues.<br />
The report highlights:<br />
n The promotion at EU trade fairs and exhibitions in France, Germany and <strong>the</strong> United Kingdom,<br />
and by companies in <strong>the</strong> Czech Republic and Germany of equipment banned under <strong>the</strong> Regulation<br />
or Member State national law;<br />
n The promotion by companies in <strong>the</strong> Czech Republic, France, Germany, Poland, Portugal and<br />
Slovenia a range of goods not currently prohibited by <strong>the</strong> Regulation but which are totally inappropriate<br />
for use by law enforcement officials and which could facilitate torture or o<strong>the</strong>r ill-treatment,<br />
including certain direct contact electric shock devices; and <strong>the</strong> failure of <strong>the</strong> Regulation to adequately<br />
control a fur<strong>the</strong>r range of goods including restraint chairs, acoustic devices and millimetre<br />
wave weapons;<br />
n The current lack of EU regulatory control upon brokering activities, <strong>the</strong> transit of Annex III goods and<br />
<strong>the</strong> provision of technical assistance and training in <strong>the</strong> use of security equipment by EU companies.<br />
Consequently Amnesty International and Omega have developed a range of policy recommendations<br />
to close such loopholes and address existing limitations in <strong>the</strong> control regime, including:<br />
n The introduction of effective mechanisms to regulate brokering and related activities undertaken<br />
by EU nationals or registered companies (and <strong>the</strong>ir subsidiaries) of all goods covered by <strong>the</strong> Regulation,<br />
where-ever such activities occur;<br />
n The prohibition on <strong>the</strong> commercial promotion and marketing within <strong>the</strong> EU of all Annex II items<br />
by EU and non-EU registered companies and individuals;<br />
n The introduction of appropriate measures to control <strong>the</strong> supply of technical assistance including<br />
<strong>the</strong> instruction and training in skills that could aid <strong>the</strong> commission of judicial executions or torture<br />
and o<strong>the</strong>r ill-treatment;<br />
n The adoption of a targeted end-use control mechanism which would require Member States to<br />
suspend or halt a specific transfer of relevant items covered under <strong>the</strong> scope of <strong>the</strong> Regulation but<br />
which are not listed in <strong>the</strong> Regulation Annexes, where <strong>the</strong>re is evidence that <strong>the</strong> specific transfer<br />
would be used to carry out <strong>the</strong> death penalty, torture or o<strong>the</strong>r ill-treatment.<br />
Amnesty International May 2015 Index: EUR 01/1632/2015