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<strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Family</strong> <strong>Legacy</strong><br />
As told by <strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong>
<strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Family</strong> <strong>Legacy</strong><br />
As told by <strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong>
Produced by <strong>Family</strong> Heirloom Arts<br />
www.<strong>Family</strong>HeirloomArts.com<br />
Portl<strong>and</strong>, Oregon<br />
Lisa Kagan: Director, Oral Historian, Writer, Photography Editor, Book Designer<br />
Emily García: Book Designer, Production Manager<br />
Anya Hankin: Text Editor<br />
Elizabeth Katz: Researcher<br />
Connie Lenzen: Genealogist<br />
Joseph Webb: Digital Photography Artist<br />
Joan E. Hamilton: Transcriptionist<br />
Julie Z<strong>and</strong>er: Copy Editor<br />
Mollie Firestone: Proofreader<br />
Copyright © 2014<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
All rights reserved. Reproduction of the whole or any part of the contents without permission is prohibited.<br />
Printed by Stevens Printing, Portl<strong>and</strong>, Oregon.<br />
Book binding by Grossenbacher Bros., Inc.<br />
Front Cover Caption:<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong> on their wedding day, February 9, 1946<br />
Cover design by Emily García
Harry <strong>and</strong> Rose <strong>Brown</strong><br />
Tillie <strong>and</strong> Manuel Nepom<br />
Content for this book is based on oral history interviews of <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Selma</strong><br />
<strong>Brown</strong>; their three children Shelley, Jordan <strong>and</strong> Eden <strong>Brown</strong>; <strong>and</strong> their daughter-in-law,<br />
Stacey <strong>Brown</strong>. Content for Chapter 11, “Celebrating <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Selma</strong>,” is based on additional interviews of their friends <strong>and</strong> family, including<br />
Frieda Cohen, Charlotte Amiton, Jerry Stern, Beverly Galen, Lynn Coleman,<br />
<strong>and</strong> Les <strong>and</strong> Lila Kerr. Interviews were conducted by Lisa Kagan <strong>and</strong> Eden Rose<br />
<strong>Brown</strong> in 2011–2014. Extensive research conducted by Elizabeth Katz provided<br />
the background information for the family history included in Part I, “Origins.”
This book is dedicated to my gr<strong>and</strong>parents in honor of their<br />
courage, determination <strong>and</strong> sacrifice, <strong>and</strong> to my parents for<br />
their unwavering love, wisdom <strong>and</strong> support. May their<br />
compelling stories <strong>and</strong> their gifts so selflessly given serve to<br />
inspire <strong>and</strong> encourage the generations to come.
Contents<br />
Part I<br />
Origins<br />
Introduction<br />
by Eden Rose <strong>Brown</strong><br />
vii<br />
Chapter 1<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong>’s Story<br />
4<br />
Chapter 2<br />
<strong>Selma</strong>’s Story<br />
44<br />
Part II<br />
<strong>Our</strong> Life<br />
Together<br />
Chapter 3<br />
Letters During<br />
the War Years<br />
72<br />
Chapter 4<br />
Building a Strong<br />
Foundation<br />
92<br />
Chapter 5<br />
A Lifetime of Service<br />
104<br />
· vi ·
Chapter 6<br />
Three Generations<br />
Together<br />
122<br />
Chapter 7<br />
Spirit of Adventure<br />
142<br />
Chapter 8<br />
<strong>Our</strong> Adult Children<br />
168<br />
Chapter 9<br />
Investing in the<br />
Next Generation<br />
210<br />
Part III<br />
Celebrating<br />
Sixty-five Years<br />
of Marriage<br />
Chapter 10<br />
A Lifetime of Love<br />
220<br />
Chapter 11<br />
Celebrating<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong><br />
228<br />
Appendix<br />
Notes, Ancestral Charts,<br />
& Acknowledgments<br />
264<br />
· vii ·
Introduction<br />
by Eden Rose <strong>Brown</strong><br />
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hilit quam dolorest que quam quia dolo dolor<br />
maximus eaquia a diorat volupta tusdam, que<br />
molent, consectatur abore simill<strong>and</strong>am, sinull<strong>and</strong>unt<br />
voluptiae naturibusae volorum que rest, tore,<br />
nonet mos a cus dolenimaion reperib eaquatem<br />
experepudita sinus erovid qui aliquam inventur<br />
accum, nonsequid experumquid evenis et quam<br />
fugiatem ullaut voloren ditatiat prori dunt, eum et<br />
acimodi cipsum ea doluptat hicimin pedis as mos<br />
con pratemq uiatur? Pore voluptaecus ut veliquam<br />
repe et odips<strong>and</strong>a nonecae ptatus que nectemporepe<br />
volore inctionsed mos quid ut a nosaper<br />
ferrores atqui aut laborro optisciaerum a nulpa<br />
dolut liquisciis velestio. Et optatem re, is sit qui<br />
dolent voloreperrum vendercil il imolore sectium<br />
fugia et res de non nem dolut lanimillest, non et<br />
iur? Bea ni quo quunto istio. Lupti doloribea nes<br />
esto te volupta tibus.<br />
Ferum hitat eum volum et et ipsaect emporrum<br />
eliquo ium labores equamusam quuntum que<br />
aceri sitaspe rrores quunt ad quam a se quunt la qui<br />
consequam essum volorestia nonesti deliber citatius<br />
evenis ant ab in con reperum endus, tem illitate<br />
sendam res et, autem es que incipsae cullaborro.<br />
Ilia voluptur, ut es eum fugit dolorep ratur, sum<br />
quaspe pra ipsapis num laccum cora dignis id qui<br />
ulparit amenti omnit que pro voluptaquia corit<br />
eum re verum idebist officit et qui undam qui quae<br />
nihiciditam earcimus.<br />
At maximin ctisti ne voloreroria ne nis aut<br />
omnis que nonsed qui cullita sus nonse dolum et<br />
fugia aut vollestem que nimus eturecte l<strong>and</strong>itatur?<br />
Epellup taturio. Ficturestis enima vent mi, ut<br />
pero ipsam sanim que omnim voles dust endisci<br />
dem quos et plab in conse consed ut ipid quis incti<br />
odit raecus sum aliqui dolenecto berae ma volutem<br />
vel imagnia ndaeprorum litaqui dit volut aut utas<br />
eicit as essinciur repud<strong>and</strong>i dolor re net vollab<br />
invento blaborro etus am quiam nus.<br />
Porerrum fugitas et estiistius dis ipsam, quis<br />
endelit exeratem nectet odi ab id quossinus es sanis<br />
de ventium essimpo rerspe prate plit qui blaudip<br />
saeprestiae ressitis solupiendit fugia qui vendiatibusOptat<br />
restemquam inctur re sint, ne natur,<br />
volendiDolora pa qui to conecus sitius sam ipsunt<br />
ea sequist, ab inveribero quam, vellore sequid.<br />
Iquam eossimus et quataqui aut latemquatiis molor<br />
simaioribea soluptatur aut licitas que voluptis nihit<br />
que veni venis asperit, vel et latiberatur sum saepelit,<br />
sequis illoreptur, el ide sant et et eatas.<br />
· ix ·
<strong>Bernard</strong> & <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
<strong>Our</strong> <strong>Family</strong> <strong>Legacy</strong>
Part I<br />
Origins
Underst<strong>and</strong>ing what our ancestors have gone through<br />
encourages us not to take our own freedom for granted.<br />
Knowledge of who <strong>and</strong> what came before has given<br />
me a richer context for making sense of my own life.<br />
I am deeply inspired by the strength <strong>and</strong> courage<br />
of our family, <strong>and</strong> I admire the dedication to building<br />
a better life, even against the odds.<br />
–<strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
I hope that through reading this book our gr<strong>and</strong>children<br />
will be able to connect with the origins of our family<br />
history, <strong>and</strong> that they will feel proud of where they<br />
have come from. I hope these stories give them the<br />
courage they need to overcome challenges in their own<br />
lives as they arise, just as the generations before them<br />
sought to do.<br />
–<strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong>
<strong>Bernard</strong>’s Story<br />
As told by <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
When I was a child, I knew very little about<br />
my ancestors, yet their stories have always<br />
been a part of me, helping to shape the person I<br />
have become. As I have grown <strong>and</strong> learned more<br />
about their experiences before they came to this<br />
country, I have come to realize just how valuable<br />
their stories are. Underst<strong>and</strong>ing what our ancestors<br />
have gone through encourages us not to take our<br />
own freedom for granted. Knowledge of who <strong>and</strong><br />
what came before has given me a richer context for<br />
making sense of my own life.<br />
I am deeply inspired by the strength <strong>and</strong> courage<br />
of our family, <strong>and</strong> I admire the dedication to<br />
building a better life, even against the odds.<br />
It is very special for me to be able to share<br />
these stories with our children <strong>and</strong> gr<strong>and</strong>children,<br />
weaving together tales of the generations that came<br />
before us with reflections on our own life experiences.<br />
It is my hope that this book will provide our<br />
children <strong>and</strong> gr<strong>and</strong>children with a deeper underst<strong>and</strong>ing<br />
of where they have come from as they<br />
Facing page: A collection of photos of the <strong>Brown</strong> family <strong>and</strong><br />
friends over the years I<br />
continue to grow <strong>and</strong> develop in the years to come.<br />
It has only been in the last twenty years that<br />
<strong>Selma</strong> <strong>and</strong> I began to truly discover our family history.<br />
The process of uncovering stories <strong>and</strong> pictures<br />
while we piece together our legacy has been profoundly<br />
rewarding, but not without its challenges.<br />
My gr<strong>and</strong>parents were not very eager to share<br />
recollections of their life in Russia. They avoided<br />
talking about their experiences, because many of<br />
their memories of those years were unpleasant <strong>and</strong><br />
laden with hardship. They did not want to call to<br />
mind the pain they had endured, or burden the<br />
younger generations with stories of suffering.<br />
My gr<strong>and</strong>parents’ lives were quite difficult<br />
before they came to America. Every day was a<br />
struggle for them, but still they persevered. I<br />
appreciate what they endured in order to travel to<br />
America, <strong>and</strong> I know they fought to survive for the<br />
future of our family.<br />
My parents also shared very little about their<br />
childhood. When I was growing up, I never<br />
thought to ask them questions about their early<br />
experiences or inquire about their pasts. As a child<br />
I was more focused on what was going on in the<br />
· 5 ·
Harry <strong>and</strong> Rose <strong>Brown</strong><br />
moment. Therefore, my parents rarely volunteered<br />
much personal information, as it was hard for them<br />
to explain how different their lives were before they<br />
moved to America. Their primary focus was on<br />
doing their best to develop their lives here. They<br />
did not want to dwell on the past; they wanted to<br />
build toward the future. They were able to establish<br />
more comfortable, prosperous, <strong>and</strong> stable lives for<br />
themselves <strong>and</strong> our family, <strong>and</strong> that was what was<br />
most important to them.<br />
As a young adult, I recognized what my parents<br />
had been able to accomplish. I realized that if I put<br />
my mind to it, I could achieve the goals I set for<br />
myself, just like they had done before me. I built<br />
upon their successes to create the best life I could<br />
for our family.<br />
Due to the hard work our parents, <strong>and</strong> their<br />
parents before them, <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>and</strong> I had <strong>and</strong> continue<br />
to have all of the freedoms to live as we choose.<br />
<strong>Our</strong> children <strong>and</strong> gr<strong>and</strong>children are afforded<br />
exp<strong>and</strong>ed opportunities to pursue their passions<br />
<strong>and</strong> goals. None of this would have been possible if<br />
our parents had not come to this country, <strong>and</strong> I am<br />
thankful for all of their efforts.<br />
Each generation can learn from the examples of<br />
the generation that came before them. We all have<br />
our unique set of challenges <strong>and</strong> opportunities. We<br />
have to do the best we can with what we have. I<br />
cannot express in words the depth of the appreciation<br />
that I have for my ancestors <strong>and</strong> what they<br />
went through for us. There is no end to the gratitude<br />
I have for them.<br />
I think the family stories in this book will help guide the younger generation to<br />
grow into their best possible selves. The origin stories highlighting the ancestral<br />
history blew me away. You begin to see how different patterns <strong>and</strong> tendencies<br />
emerged in our family, dating back as far as our ancestors in Russia, <strong>and</strong> how<br />
they have been passed on throughout the generations. It begins to give you a different<br />
perspective on your own life <strong>and</strong> how being connected to your roots can<br />
help direct you on your own life path.<br />
– Jordan <strong>Brown</strong><br />
· 6 ·
The Volhynia Region<br />
Both my paternal <strong>and</strong> maternal great-gr<strong>and</strong>parents<br />
came from the Volhynia province. Although<br />
the Volhynia province lies in what is now the<br />
northwest area of the Ukraine, it was previously<br />
ruled by Lithuania, Pol<strong>and</strong>, the Russian Empire,<br />
<strong>and</strong> the Soviet Union. The Jews in this area<br />
thought of themselves as Russian, or sometimes<br />
Polish, but not Ukrainian. My great-gr<strong>and</strong>parents<br />
<strong>and</strong> their families primarily spoke Yiddish. They<br />
hardly knew any Russian, since Jews were not<br />
permitted to attend Russian schools. In those days,<br />
Jewish boys attended yeshivas, intensive study<br />
schools, where they studied Hebrew <strong>and</strong> traditional<br />
texts. It was not customary for Jewish girls to<br />
attend yeshivas at that time.<br />
The Volhynia region is an area made up of coal<br />
mines, forests, lakes, marshes, <strong>and</strong> rich agricultural<br />
l<strong>and</strong>s. It includes the headwaters of the Pripyat <strong>and</strong><br />
Western Bug rivers. Jews have lived in Volhynia<br />
since the twelfth century <strong>and</strong> worked primarily<br />
in commerce <strong>and</strong> crafts. In the early seventeenth<br />
century, nobles began to lease their estates to Jews,<br />
enabling them to manage the properties <strong>and</strong> bring<br />
in revenue from the estates. This opened additional<br />
avenues for members of the Jewish community to<br />
earn decent livelihoods. The growing power <strong>and</strong><br />
success of the Jews embittered the peasants, townspeople,<br />
<strong>and</strong> lower aristocracy, who turned on them<br />
in the Chmielnicki massacres of 1648.<br />
Although the Jewish population rebounded<br />
quickly, persecutions <strong>and</strong> misfortune, including<br />
life-threatening diseases, continued into the eighteenth<br />
century. In the mid-nineteenth century,<br />
many of the community’s wealthy Jews leased the<br />
alcoholic beverage excise from the government, <strong>and</strong><br />
the number of Jewish innkeepers grew. Following<br />
the mid-nineteenth century, Jews became<br />
increasingly involved in industries such as wood<br />
processing, animal products, <strong>and</strong> agricultural crops.<br />
The Jews of Volhynia were not harmed directly<br />
by pogroms during the 1880s <strong>and</strong> throughout<br />
1905–1906, but many disasters befell them during<br />
World War I <strong>and</strong> the Russian civil war. During<br />
World War II, they suffered not only at the h<strong>and</strong>s<br />
of the Germans, but also of the Ukrainians. Tens<br />
of thous<strong>and</strong>s perished.<br />
As conditions worsened for Jews in this region,<br />
my family <strong>and</strong> others in their community had<br />
to wrestle with a difficult decision; should they<br />
continue to struggle in order to remain in their<br />
country of origin, or should they risk everything in<br />
search of a better life elsewhere?<br />
The Bronstein <strong>Family</strong><br />
Aaron <strong>and</strong> Esther Bronstein were my paternal<br />
great-gr<strong>and</strong>parents. Their son, Harry Abraham<br />
<strong>Brown</strong>e, was my paternal gr<strong>and</strong>father. Harry<br />
was born on February 3, 1862, in Dombrowitz, 1<br />
Ukraine, in the Volhynia region. Harry was the<br />
oldest of six children, <strong>and</strong> his parents’ only son.<br />
His sisters were Sura, Bayleh, Faygle, Rahsel, <strong>and</strong><br />
Mariam. Years later, when he emigrated to the<br />
United States, my gr<strong>and</strong>father’s last name was<br />
changed from the original “Bronstein” to the anglicized<br />
“<strong>Brown</strong>e.”<br />
The Fish <strong>Family</strong><br />
My maternal great-gr<strong>and</strong>parents were Beryl<br />
<strong>and</strong> Bessie Fish who also lived in the Volhynia<br />
region. Beryl was born around 1838 in Horodets, 2<br />
Ukraine. Bessie was born a few years later, around<br />
1840, in the same town. Their last name, “Fish,”<br />
is an anglicized version of the German <strong>and</strong> Jewish<br />
word “fisch.” It is thought to be drawn from<br />
nature referring to fish, or of occupational origin,<br />
· 7 ·
I was his German interpreter for the prisoners<br />
in Germany. That was quite a bonding experience.<br />
He said, “Well, are you ready to stay in the<br />
military? I can arrange that for you.” I said, “No,<br />
I want to get out as soon as I can.” He said, “How<br />
many points do you have?” I replied that I had<br />
only forty-three points. He said, “I’m going to put<br />
you in for a Purple Heart for the time when you<br />
were wounded. If I do that, you are going to get<br />
more points.” I was wounded in action on April<br />
2, 1945, in France when I was hit with mortar<br />
shrapnel in the back of my upper right leg <strong>and</strong> in<br />
a small section of my back. It was a bloody injury,<br />
but I do not recall much pain. My wounds were<br />
treated by our company medics, which allowed<br />
me to continue in battle with my unit. Thanks to<br />
my captain <strong>and</strong> his recollection of this incident, I<br />
did receive a Purple Heart <strong>and</strong> I was able to leave<br />
the service early.<br />
It had been an incredibly challenging <strong>and</strong><br />
frightening two-year span. I was inducted into<br />
the service on July 23, 1943, in Salem; I departed<br />
Europe on September 4, 1945; <strong>and</strong> finally, I arrived<br />
back in the United States on September 11, 1945.<br />
I received an EAME Ribbon. The European-<br />
African-Middle Eastern Campaign Ribbon <strong>and</strong><br />
Medal was awarded for service performed in those<br />
theaters between December 7, 1941, <strong>and</strong> March<br />
2, 1946. I also received a Combat Infantry Badge,<br />
which was awarded for participation in combat.<br />
Many soldiers felt this was the single most important<br />
decoration a man could wear. In addition I<br />
was awarded an Expert Infantry Badge, a Good<br />
Conduct Medal, <strong>and</strong> a Purple Heart.<br />
The Adjusted Service Rating (ASR) was a<br />
system that sought to discharge soldiers from<br />
service in an equitable manner. My ASR rating was<br />
50.38. Those who had served overseas would be<br />
discharged first, <strong>and</strong> the men who had fought in<br />
combat would be the first to leave. When the war<br />
ended, men were shifted to units where everyone<br />
held a similar point total. The last unit a man<br />
served in was not always the one he fought with.<br />
My Separation Qualification Record is as follows.<br />
I spent three months as a private in basic<br />
infantry, sixteen<br />
months as private<br />
first class (PFC)<br />
as a light machine<br />
gunner, one<br />
month at PFC as<br />
an ammunition<br />
bearer, <strong>and</strong> five<br />
months at PFC as<br />
a clerk typist. In<br />
the latter position,<br />
I maintained<br />
the sick book,<br />
morning reports,<br />
duty roster, payroll,<br />
<strong>and</strong> vouchers<br />
at company<br />
headquarters. <strong>Bernard</strong>’s Purple Heart<br />
As a private, I<br />
earned fifty dollars base pay per month. My pay<br />
increased as I moved up in rank, served overseas,<br />
<strong>and</strong> received various decorations. I spent none of<br />
my income during the war years, <strong>and</strong> therefore I<br />
was able to have the money I earned sent home<br />
<strong>and</strong> put away as my savings after the war.<br />
The feeling that I had upon being discharged<br />
from the service is indescribable. It was so<br />
strange—all of the possibilities for my life really<br />
opened up again. It was a huge relief. I could not<br />
wait to return to Oregon <strong>and</strong> begin the next phase<br />
of my life.<br />
· 42 ·
<strong>Bernard</strong>'s formal Army photo, 1944<br />
· 43 ·
<strong>Selma</strong>’s Story<br />
As told by <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
Everybody has a history, yet many of us know<br />
very little about where we came from. Now<br />
there is more of a movement for people to learn<br />
about their ancestors than when I was growing up.<br />
I really appreciate that our daughter Eden started<br />
uncovering our family stories. I would have never<br />
thought of embarking on creating a book like this;<br />
we are very grateful to Eden for this opportunity.<br />
It has been an extremely meaningful process. It is<br />
amazing to me that we can access so much information<br />
about our family immigration stories. I had<br />
no idea that so many of the ship rosters <strong>and</strong> travel<br />
records were still available <strong>and</strong> could provide such<br />
detailed information about their journeys.<br />
Now I wish I had asked my parents to tell me<br />
more of their stories while they were alive. As a<br />
child, I thought that my parents just started existing<br />
when they came to Oregon. When you are<br />
younger, you tend to focus more on yourself. As<br />
you grow older, your awareness changes. My parents<br />
rarely shared early memories of their lives with<br />
Facing page: A collection of photos of the Nepom family<br />
over the years II<br />
anyone, not even members of their community in<br />
Portl<strong>and</strong> who had similar experiences. They did<br />
not have very happy memories, so they probably<br />
preferred to forget them.<br />
My parents experienced significant changes in<br />
their lifetimes, yet they rarely complained about<br />
the difficulties they endured. I think they were<br />
always grateful for all of the opportunities available<br />
to them in the United States. Having come from<br />
Russia, where religious persecution was rampant,<br />
they valued the religious freedom afforded to them<br />
in America.<br />
Judaism was very important to my parents.<br />
They were quite generous with their congregation—Shaarie<br />
Torah Synagogue—throughout their<br />
lives. Even though they did not have very much in<br />
the beginning, they always shared what they could<br />
with the synagogue. My father was the first board<br />
member to be nominated for life at Shaarie Torah.<br />
I definitely obtained my Jewish identity from my<br />
parents. For the younger generations, Judaism<br />
is part of their identity, but they may not always<br />
appreciate it in the same way because that aspect of<br />
their identity was never threatened. I learned from<br />
· 45 ·
Manuel Nepom’s jitney in front of Shattuck School in South Portl<strong>and</strong>, c. 1916<br />
my parents how meaningful it is to be able to practice<br />
your religion openly in your community.<br />
In addition to the religious freedom we experienced<br />
here, my family appreciated the wealth<br />
of business opportunities afforded to them in<br />
America. My father, Manuel, as well as <strong>Bernard</strong>’s<br />
father, Harry, took advantage of these opportunities<br />
<strong>and</strong> decided to start their own businesses.<br />
They made up their minds to do it, <strong>and</strong> they did.<br />
There is a lot of incentive to become an entrepreneur<br />
here. By becoming your own boss you can<br />
gain more control over your destiny. My parents<br />
enjoyed the freedom to make their own way. That<br />
was a huge change from the life they had led in<br />
Russia. I really appreciated the life my parents<br />
were able to build for our family.<br />
Both <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong> I had it much easier than<br />
our parents did when they were growing up. In<br />
turn, our children <strong>and</strong> gr<strong>and</strong>children have had<br />
things a bit easier in some ways than we did. Each<br />
generation has some advantages to start off with<br />
that the previous generation did not have. <strong>Our</strong><br />
gr<strong>and</strong>children are just beginning to develop their<br />
own directions in life. They are figuring out what<br />
is important to them <strong>and</strong> what kind of lives they<br />
want to establish as they grow older. I hope that<br />
through reading this book they will be able to<br />
connect with the origins of our family history, <strong>and</strong><br />
that they will feel proud of where they have come<br />
from. I hope these stories give them the courage<br />
· 46 ·
they need to overcome challenges in their own<br />
lives as they arise, just as the generations before<br />
them sought to do.<br />
As I began to enter adulthood, I started to<br />
realize how hard it is to manifest my own dreams,<br />
<strong>and</strong> this gave me more respect for what my parents<br />
endured to gain their success. Even with some help,<br />
it is very challenging to become successful <strong>and</strong><br />
build a stable life. As my parents aged, they were<br />
very proud of what <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong> I had achieved.<br />
That meant a lot to us. We have been very fortunate,<br />
but we worked hard for what we have. It did<br />
not just come. We are very proud of our children<br />
<strong>and</strong> gr<strong>and</strong>children. We are appreciative of our close<br />
relationships with them. It is remarkable to see<br />
how our family has developed <strong>and</strong> grown since my<br />
ancestors came to this country.<br />
The Nepom <strong>Family</strong><br />
I never had the opportunity to meet my paternal<br />
gr<strong>and</strong>parents, Moishe Shmuel Nepom <strong>and</strong><br />
Rose Hanken. I was named after my gr<strong>and</strong>father,<br />
Moishe. My Hebrew name is Shimela, which I<br />
guess is the feminine derivative of Shmuel. In<br />
Jewish tradition it is common to name a newborn<br />
child after a deceased relative, though I am not<br />
sure how common it was to name a girl child after<br />
a male relative. My mother<br />
always called me “Shimela<br />
Diamond from the Sky.” So<br />
even though I never knew my<br />
gr<strong>and</strong>father, we were connected<br />
through the lineage of<br />
our names.<br />
Moishe <strong>and</strong> Rose lived in<br />
Krolevetz, Russia, which is<br />
about 400 miles east of the<br />
Horodets area. They had five<br />
children: Aharon, Ya’akov, Rose, David, <strong>and</strong> my<br />
father, Manuel. Their daughter Rose’s Hebrew<br />
given name was Rachel or Raisel, but she went by<br />
Rose once she immigrated to the United States.<br />
It is thought that my gr<strong>and</strong>parents’ oldest sons,<br />
Aharon <strong>and</strong> Ya’akov, were killed in the Russian<br />
Revolution. Since they died young <strong>and</strong> never came<br />
to the United States, the family knows very little<br />
about them.<br />
My gr<strong>and</strong>mother Rose passed away when she<br />
was a young woman, leaving my gr<strong>and</strong>father<br />
Moishe with their five children. Following this<br />
devastating loss for the family, my gr<strong>and</strong>father<br />
eventually married a woman named Luba. They<br />
went on to have two children of their own, Bertha<br />
<strong>and</strong> Melvin Meyer.<br />
Following the death of their mother, my father,<br />
Manuel, <strong>and</strong> his siblings David <strong>and</strong> Rose decided<br />
they wanted to leave Russia <strong>and</strong> seek a better life<br />
for themselves in America. My father’s brother<br />
David was the first member of the Nepom family<br />
to immigrate to the United States. In the<br />
travel records, David Nepom’s name was listed as<br />
Nochum Nepomnjastschi. He departed Bremen,<br />
Germany, in 1910 <strong>and</strong> migrated to Portl<strong>and</strong>. 38<br />
David entered the United States through<br />
Galveston, Texas.<br />
I have settled down in Portl<strong>and</strong>, Oregon <strong>and</strong> make<br />
ten dollars a week. I hope that with God’s help I<br />
will be making more soon. In Galveston, people<br />
cared for me <strong>and</strong> other emigrants as a father would<br />
care for his children. 39<br />
– David Nepom (From an excerpt that David wrote about his experiences)<br />
· 47 ·
Letters During<br />
the War Years<br />
As told by <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
I<br />
began writing to <strong>Selma</strong> while I was in the<br />
service. I was also writing to some other girls<br />
at that time, but they were girls I knew from high<br />
school in Salem <strong>and</strong> they were not Jewish. Both<br />
<strong>Selma</strong> <strong>and</strong> I dated different people in high school,<br />
<strong>and</strong> we had never dated each other. My connection<br />
to the Jewish community was important to me, so<br />
I thought that if I wrote to <strong>Selma</strong>, I could get the<br />
news of the Portl<strong>and</strong> Jewish community.<br />
<strong>Selma</strong> told me she was flabbergasted when<br />
my first letters arrived. As time passed, my letters<br />
became more romantic, but <strong>Selma</strong> did not reciprocate.<br />
She always answered my letters but she did<br />
not return my romantic sentiments.<br />
I appreciated her responses. I had seen many<br />
other men receive letters full of what I considered<br />
to be unrealistic promises. At the time I did not<br />
even really think about our connection developing<br />
into marriage. I was just a nineteen-year-old<br />
kid who was scared <strong>and</strong> a bit homesick. <strong>Selma</strong>’s<br />
letters were so comforting to me; they were not<br />
We rarely saw each other before he<br />
went overseas. I don’t know why<br />
he thought to write. I guess that<br />
is what you call fate. Why did he<br />
write to me? I was not interested in<br />
him <strong>and</strong> I was plenty busy.<br />
When I started receiving<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong>’s letters, I felt that he was<br />
probably lonely <strong>and</strong> scared, <strong>and</strong><br />
it must have made him feel better<br />
to think he had a girl waiting for<br />
him when he returned. That was to<br />
be expected. Yet I anticipated that<br />
nothing would come of it after the<br />
war was over.<br />
– <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
Facing page: A collection of photos <strong>and</strong> letters celebrating<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Selma</strong>’s early relationship III<br />
· 73 ·
· 74 ·
The first letter that <strong>Bernard</strong> sent to <strong>Selma</strong> when he was in basic training in the Army<br />
· 75 ·
I did not do anything to encourage<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> in my responses to his<br />
letters. I was going with somebody<br />
else pretty seriously when he started<br />
writing to me. Yet <strong>Bernard</strong>’s letters<br />
grew more <strong>and</strong> more romantic<br />
as the time went on. I really felt<br />
compassion because I knew he had<br />
to be scared to death. What did he<br />
know about living like that? How<br />
could anybody be prepared for that<br />
kind of experience?<br />
– <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
<strong>Selma</strong><br />
gushy or anything like that, but they were real.<br />
<strong>Selma</strong> remained in my thoughts while I was away.<br />
Throughout the war, I carried <strong>Selma</strong>’s picture in<br />
the h<strong>and</strong>le of my pistol.<br />
As <strong>Selma</strong>’s letters kept coming, the feeling<br />
grew that I just wanted to be closer to her. I did<br />
not know her very well. We never dated. Her letters<br />
were so down-to-earth, I could really relate to<br />
them. I wanted to get to know her better. Yet the<br />
more I pursued her, the more she rejected me. She<br />
had a whole other life going on at home that I was<br />
not a part of. I did not ask her to marry me through<br />
the letters, but sometimes I would write “when<br />
we’re together” or “when we’re married,” though<br />
that was mainly something I was hoping for.<br />
When I returned from my time overseas, I was<br />
back in Salem for a few days on furlough before I<br />
headed to <strong>Brown</strong>sville, Texas, to finish my military<br />
service. As soon as I arrived home, I knew I had to<br />
see <strong>Selma</strong>. We made arrangements to go out one<br />
night. I could not wait. I arrived at her house <strong>and</strong><br />
knocked on the door. She opened the door <strong>and</strong> she<br />
looked at me <strong>and</strong> said, “Oh, you grew a mustache.”<br />
She was not that taken by the mustache, yet that<br />
did not seem to deter us from hitting it off the rest<br />
of the evening. We went to dinner at a Chinese<br />
restaurant in the Hollywood District of Portl<strong>and</strong>.<br />
I remember it so well. As we talked, I got a better<br />
· 76 ·
sense of who she was. I kept thinking to myself,<br />
“Boy, she is the real thing. I would really like to get<br />
together with her.”<br />
We continued to spend time together during<br />
those few days while I was home on furlough.<br />
One night we were at Hill Villa, where the Chart<br />
House restaurant is now, <strong>and</strong> we were sitting in my<br />
car overlooking the city. We were necking <strong>and</strong> I<br />
decided to ask <strong>Selma</strong> to marry me. I said, “<strong>Selma</strong>,<br />
I want you to be my wife. Let’s get married.” She<br />
said, “Let’s do it” or something like that. I guess<br />
she was so much in love she did not even think<br />
twice. I was thrilled; it felt right. Then I said to her,<br />
“I need to talk to your<br />
parents also. I want to<br />
get their permission.”<br />
I felt like I had to ask<br />
<strong>Selma</strong> first to make sure<br />
that she would say yes.<br />
The next day I asked<br />
her parents’ permission.<br />
It helped that I already<br />
enjoyed a good relationship<br />
with them from<br />
when we were growing<br />
up in South Portl<strong>and</strong>.<br />
I had always been crazy about <strong>Selma</strong>’s mother,<br />
Tillie. In fact, I called her my “girlfriend” for<br />
as long as I can remember. Her father, Manuel,<br />
said, “Well, I always want you to take good care<br />
of my daughter.” They gave me their blessing. My<br />
parents thought <strong>Selma</strong> was the finest girl they had<br />
ever known.<br />
As it turns out, our parents were connected<br />
before we even got together. My mother’s sister,<br />
Gittel, <strong>and</strong> <strong>Selma</strong>’s mother’s brother, Benjamin, got<br />
married in Europe. <strong>Our</strong> mothers lived in the same<br />
village in Europe, so they knew each other. They<br />
were the first of our families to settle here <strong>and</strong> then<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> was a pretty cute guy. I felt like I should go for it. I said “yes” when he<br />
proposed, even though we had spent only a few days together when he was home<br />
on furlough. My parents were deliriously happy. Not only did they love <strong>Bernard</strong>,<br />
but also they had not been that fond of my previous boyfriend. <strong>Bernard</strong> has been<br />
a wonderful husb<strong>and</strong>. He takes care of me, which is really important. I take care<br />
of him too. It works both ways. It has turned out really well.<br />
– <strong>Selma</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
· 77 ·
Building a Strong<br />
Foundation<br />
As told by <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>Brown</strong><br />
When we moved to Salem in 1950, we<br />
rented a little house at 658 Breys Avenue<br />
in Northeast Salem while we began looking for<br />
a home to purchase. I knew the C<strong>and</strong>alaria area<br />
from my high school days. I had always liked the<br />
big hill in that area, which was not developed then.<br />
The hill was woodsy <strong>and</strong> covered in Scotch broom,<br />
which bloomed bright yellow, <strong>and</strong> there was a road<br />
to the top with great views.<br />
Not long after we moved to Salem, I came<br />
across an empty lot in that area <strong>and</strong> contacted the<br />
owner, who was willing to sell it. We paid $4,000<br />
for the lot, which was the last one to be developed<br />
on the corner. We obtained a loan from First<br />
National Bank, at the new C<strong>and</strong>alaria branch. We<br />
opened the first two accounts at the new branch.<br />
During that time our daughter Shelley Nadene<br />
<strong>Brown</strong> was born on May 25, 1951. We were very<br />
excited about having our first child <strong>and</strong> we could<br />
not wait for her arrival. It was amazing to bring her<br />
home. She was such a beautiful baby. It is hard to<br />
Facing page: A collection of photos highlighting the early<br />
years of the <strong>Brown</strong> family IV<br />
put into words the way I felt when she arrived. We<br />
were filled with love for her <strong>and</strong> eager to welcome<br />
her into our family.<br />
As we acclimated to becoming new parents,<br />
we also embarked on the project of designing<br />
<strong>and</strong> building our first home on the lot we<br />
had purchased. <strong>Selma</strong> worked with architect<br />
Roscoe Hemenway to design the house. Roscoe<br />
Hemenway was born in Cottage Grove, Oregon,<br />
in 1899, <strong>and</strong> practiced architecture in Portl<strong>and</strong><br />
for more than thirty years. He became one of the<br />
city’s most prominent residential architects, with<br />
many fine homes to his credit before his death<br />
in 1957. The majority of his residential designs<br />
were in the Colonial Revival style, but he also<br />
designed some ranch style homes like ours. Roscoe<br />
was also the architect who had designed Tillie<br />
<strong>and</strong> Manuel’s new Portl<strong>and</strong> home at 2808 NW<br />
Cumberl<strong>and</strong> Road.<br />
We had the lot leveled <strong>and</strong> we received fill for<br />
free from nearby excavations. After Shelley was<br />
born, with <strong>Selma</strong>’s history of miscarriages, we did<br />
not know if we would be able to have any more<br />
children. With this in mind, we altered the original<br />
· 93 ·
Shelley <strong>and</strong> I were only two-<strong>and</strong>-a-half years apart, so we shared a lot of closeness<br />
growing up. She was a wonderful big sister. We played dolls together when we<br />
were very young because that was the kind of activity she did in those days. She<br />
took care of me throughout elementary school, always looking out for me since I<br />
was a few grades behind her. Shelley had wonderful friends <strong>and</strong> they were always<br />
very kind to me, even though they were three years older. Shelley <strong>and</strong> I both<br />
went on to attend the University of Washington, where she helped me acclimate<br />
to university life when I was a freshman. We continued to enjoy spending time<br />
together as we grew older, <strong>and</strong> always look forward to our visits to this day.<br />
I loved to play sports as a child <strong>and</strong> when Eden was old enough, I started<br />
teaching her how to play ball, how to throw <strong>and</strong> catch. It was a lot of fun for us<br />
to play sports together <strong>and</strong>, as a result, she grew into a very coordinated athlete.<br />
Eden also always enjoyed hanging out with my girlfriends when I would bring<br />
them over. A number of the girlfriends I had in high school were athletic <strong>and</strong><br />
liked to play sports, so I think Eden looked up to them. We would take Eden<br />
along on some of our dates <strong>and</strong> she was always excited to be included.<br />
– Jordan <strong>Brown</strong><br />
was born seven years later, on March 1, 1961, completing<br />
our family of five. Eden was an absolutely<br />
darling child <strong>and</strong> a beautiful baby. It was always a<br />
pleasure to be with her. From the beginning, Eden<br />
always looked so much like her mother. Since she<br />
was ten when Eden was born, Shelley really took<br />
over caring for Eden when she arrived home from<br />
school. Shelley was like her little mother. From the<br />
very beginning they were close. They have always<br />
loved each other so much <strong>and</strong> still do.<br />
Eden was a very clever <strong>and</strong> thoughtful child,<br />
<strong>and</strong> an avid reader from a young age. She has<br />
always been a natural at sports <strong>and</strong> held her own<br />
when she played sports with her older sister <strong>and</strong><br />
brother. From the<br />
beginning she was<br />
very independent<br />
<strong>and</strong> strong-willed.<br />
She forged her<br />
own way. We were<br />
a little bit more<br />
easy-going with<br />
our parenting<br />
approach by the Jordan<br />
time she arrived,<br />
which allowed her to explore <strong>and</strong> experiment from<br />
a young age. Raising our children has been one of<br />
our greatest joys <strong>and</strong> we had a lot of fun doing it.<br />
· 98 ·
Jordan<br />
Shelley<br />
Shelley <strong>and</strong> Jordan<br />
· 99 ·
Celebrating<br />
<strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Selma</strong><br />
Reflections by <strong>Family</strong> <strong>and</strong> Friends<br />
Reflections by<br />
Frieda Cohen<br />
Bob was my baby cousin, the favorite of the<br />
entire family because he was so beautiful <strong>and</strong> so<br />
sweet. <strong>Selma</strong> was like my little sister; she was an<br />
adorable little girl. I knew both of them from the<br />
time they were born <strong>and</strong> no day ever went by that<br />
I was not in <strong>Selma</strong>’s home because her older sister<br />
Betty was my best friend. The sun did not set on<br />
a day that I did not see Betty. That was the way<br />
we grew up. So every day I was at their house <strong>and</strong><br />
Tillie, <strong>Selma</strong>’s mother, was like my second mother.<br />
They lived just about four blocks from our house,<br />
<strong>and</strong> all the children attended the same schools. We<br />
were very close as a family. Tillie’s brother, Ben<br />
Lorber, was married to my aunt Gittel, my mother’s<br />
older sister. My sister Lillian worked for Manuel,<br />
<strong>Selma</strong>’s father. Manuel was one of the most honorable<br />
businessmen I have ever known. He was<br />
extremely good to my sister as an employer. He<br />
was the type of businessman who made you wish<br />
Facing page: A collection of images from <strong>Bernard</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Selma</strong>’s 65th wedding anniversary celebration XI<br />
that all businesses were run by someone like him.<br />
He worked very hard <strong>and</strong> expected his employees<br />
to put in the same effort. That is why he loved my<br />
sister; she was his counterpart in that way.<br />
As a young girl, Tillie used to often come to<br />
our house because she loved to feed <strong>and</strong> play with<br />
my older sister Lillian when she was a baby. Of<br />
course my parents would say, “Tillie, you’ll stay<br />
<strong>and</strong> have dinner with us.” One of Tillie’s favorite<br />
stories was that they had fresh pumpernickel<br />
bread <strong>and</strong> butter on the table. My father told<br />
her to take some <strong>and</strong> she picked up a piece <strong>and</strong><br />
barely smeared a little bit of butter on the bread.<br />
My father took it away from her <strong>and</strong> lathered the<br />
bread with butter. She told me as long as she lived,<br />
she had never tasted anything that good. She<br />
always appreciated my family’s friendship <strong>and</strong> generosity<br />
to her over the years, from the time when<br />
she had just arrived in Portl<strong>and</strong> as a poor immigrant<br />
girl into her adulthood.<br />
Bobby’s mother, my aunt Rose, was my<br />
mother’s baby sister <strong>and</strong> my mother adored her.<br />
Five days a week I went to Hebrew school at the<br />
Neighborhood House, <strong>and</strong> Bobby <strong>and</strong> his family<br />
· 229 ·