CASE STUDIES FROM AFRICA

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CONTENTS Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................. v Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................................. xi Foreword.................................................................................................................................................................. xiii 1. Overview of Services Exports for Growth and Development: Case Studies from Africa ........................ 1 Authors: Sherry Stephenson and Carolyne Tumuhimbise Scope and Coverage of Case Studies ............................................................................................................................................ 2 Factors in the Successful Development of Services Exports ............................................................................................. 3 Main Conclusions and Policy Lessons from the Case Studies ........................................................................................... 9 2. Air Transport Services: A Case Study of Ethiopia ......................................................................................... 13 Authors: Wyanie A. Bright and Million Habte Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 The Service Sector in Ethiopia ...................................................................................................................................................... 18 The Air Transport Sector – Origins and Underpinnings ................................................................................................... 23 Current Status of the Air Transport Services Sector in Ethiopia .................................................................................. 35 Success Stories in Exporting Air Transport Services ......................................................................................................... 45 Factors Shaping Export Success of Ethiopia’s Air Transport Service ......................................................................... 49 Lessons Learnt and Best Practices ............................................................................................................................................. 54 Bibliography and Annexes ............................................................................................................................................................. 56 3. Banking Services: A Case Study of Nigeria .................................................................................................... 67 Authors: Ramesh Chaitoo and Abiodun Bankole Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................... 67 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 72 The Service Sector in Nigeria ........................................................................................................................................................ 76 Banking Services in Nigeria ........................................................................................................................................................... 88 Economic Impact of Nigeria’s Banking Service Sector ................................................................................................... 107 Success Stories in Exporting Financial Services from Nigeria .................................................................................... 115 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats ....................................................................................................... 125 Lessons Learnt and Best Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 129 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 133 Bibliography and Annexes .......................................................................................................................................................... 136 4. Business Process Outsourcing and Information Technology Services: A Case Study of Senegal ..... 153 Authors: Sékou Falil Doumbouya, Abdoulaye Ndiaye, and David Primack Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................ 153 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 156 The Service Sector in Senegal .................................................................................................................................................... 157 Business Process Outsourcing and Information Technology Services .................................................................... 162 Economic Impact of ICT and BPO Services for Senegal .................................................................................................. 166 Success Stories in Exporting BPO and ICT Services from Senegal ............................................................................ 171 Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats ....................................................................................................... 185 Lessons Learnt and Best Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 187 Bibliography and Annexes .......................................................................................................................................................... 190 iii
5. Cultural Industries: A Case Study of Burkina Faso .................................................................................... 203 Authors: Dr. Frederic Thomas and Mr. Yemdaogo Zida Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................ 203 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 207 The Service Sector in Burkina Faso ......................................................................................................................................... 211 Cultural Services in Burkina Faso ............................................................................................................................................ 222 Success Stories in Exporting Cultural Services from Burkina Faso .......................................................................... 255 Lessons Learnt and Best Practices .......................................................................................................................................... 268 Policy Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................ 270 Bibliography and Annexes .......................................................................................................................................................... 279 6. Higher Education Services: A Case Study of Uganda ................................................................................. 293 Authors: Sherry Stephenson and George F. Walusimbi-Mpanga Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................ 293 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 295 Global and Country Context ........................................................................................................................................................ 299 The Service Sector in Uganda..................................................................................................................................................... 304 Education Services in Uganda .................................................................................................................................................... 308 Higher Education Exports from Uganda ............................................................................................................................... 315 Success Stories in Exporting Education Services from Uganda .................................................................................. 326 Policy Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................ 336 Bibliography and Annexes .......................................................................................................................................................... 340 Author Biographies ............................................................................................................................................... 353 iv
Page 1 and 2: SERVICES EXPORTS FOR GROWTH AND DEV
Page 6 and 7: ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ACP ADC
Page 8 and 9: FESPACO Festival Panafricain du Cin
Page 10: TVET TWA UACE UAE UBA UCL UEMOA UEP
Page 13 and 14: Each of the five case studies was t
Page 15 and 16: xiv
Page 17 and 18: Scope and Coverage of Case Studies
Page 19 and 20: transferring technology, skills, an
Page 21 and 22: Government Policies that Made a Dif
Page 23 and 24: availability of hotel accommodation
Page 25 and 26: 2. Successful exports in one mode o
Page 27 and 28: TYPOLOGY OF FOUR MODES OF EXPORTING
Page 29 and 30: areas of the service, for example,
Page 31 and 32: to become the market leader in the
Page 33 and 34: Data from international organisatio
Page 35 and 36: Figure 1: Share of Services Subsect
Page 37 and 38: Figure 2: Structural Decomposition
Page 39 and 40: Air Transport Services Coverage in
Page 41 and 42: GTP on Air Transport Services Regar
Page 43 and 44: Table 6: Aviation Sector Performanc
Page 45 and 46: Ethiopia’s consideration of the s
Page 47 and 48: Definition Selected for This Study
Page 49 and 50: Boeing 767-200ER. EAL made history
Page 51 and 52: other construction and navigation f
Page 53 and 54:
Market Structure International pass
Page 55 and 56:
Ethiopian destinations. Revenue gen
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tourism, as well as the transaction
Page 59 and 60:
independently, and are intermediate
Page 61 and 62:
Table 10: Strengths, Weaknesses, Op
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Yamoussoukro Decision, the guidelin
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Geographical Positioning and Human
Page 67 and 68:
EAL has remained flexible when nece
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South Africa, Zambia, and Tanzania.
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Bibliography Abeyratne, Ruwantissa
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Ethiopian Ministry of Finance and E
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Annex 1: Questionnaire Used for the
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Annex 2: Pictorial Representations
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64
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3. BANKING SERVICES: A CASE STUDY O
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institutions are in charge of servi
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witnessed a decline between 2007 an
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hand, the eight countries of the Un
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(f) Evaluate the opportunities for
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significant share of services outpu
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Nigeria has several natural and cul
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Sector Male Female Total Activities
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Annex 3 (Table A1) also shows the a
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Sector Industrial Sector Energy Tou
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matters regarding trade negotiation
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to the changes in interest rates by
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hoped that these activities will ra
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economic controls. Specifically, th
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Resuscitation and enforcement of do
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All financial institutions require
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Current Banking Services Activities
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Bank Total Assets Foreign Locations
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1961 1963 1965 1967 1969 1971 1973
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is a membership-driven institute wh
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Table 17: CIBN Membership Statistic
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Table 20: Share of Banks’ Profit
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2009, it increased after conditions
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Contribution of Banking Services to
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Year Agriculture Manufacturing Serv
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Figure 5: Percentage Growth of UBA
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generally suggests that the growth
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epresentative offices in Beijing, D
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1989 16. Ecobank Côte d’Ivoire a
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Figure 13: Percentage Growth of ETI
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premiums on conversion of local cur
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and technology driven. 62 Therefore
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From previous reforms, to the 2005
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come to dominate the system in the
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In conclusion, it may not be as mea
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BGL Research. Getting Banks to Lend
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Musuku, Thilasoni, et al. Increasin
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Business Day. ‘Ghana Approves Tak
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Annex 2: List of Services Imported
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Table A2: Share of Services Value A
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Table A3: Share of Services Value A
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Table A4: Nigeria’s Trade in Serv
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Table A8: Total Number of Employees
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Information Systems, Networks and I
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enterprises. Preferences may includ
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Growth Rate (%) Share of GDP (%) Fi
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Table 1: Examples of Approved Proje
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principles included in the WTO Tele
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Layer 2 includes telecommunications
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firms involved in the wholesale/ret
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Figure 4: Cross-border Exports of
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9 days. Thus the application of ICT
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software; system integration; compu
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years’ experience in BPO in Seneg
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3. Proactive policies in services,
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Due to labour shortages for young g
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Institutions When it comes to servi
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Financial Attractiveness Other fact
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Proactive Policies to Promote Expor
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Table 13: SWOT Analysis: Senegal as
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promote more coherent efforts in su
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Bibliography ANDS. Second Follow-up
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Annex 1: Evaluation Framework for t
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Annex 3: Standards and Certificatio
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Sectors or Subsectors Mobile cellul
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Annex 5: Short Version of the Quest
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1. Is the classification system use
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5. CULTURAL INDUSTRIES: A CASE STUD
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will help generate new opportunitie
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Mode 4, Presence of Natural Persons
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(d) Evaluate the factors that have
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Organisation of the Report The pres
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Percent Table 2: Balance of Service
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(notably the balance of payments) c
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With the exception of the travel co
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goods and products that are not ban
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Table 7: Involved Private and Publi
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particular. Because cultural produc
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copyrights 25 ), artistic expressio
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Ministers of Culture to endorse the
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Categories of Members 2000 2001 200
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lack of funding, a high level of di
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Success Story: Biz’Art Production
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Success Story: Cartel 38 Aware of t
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museums are currently operated comm
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Market Structure Providing adequate
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Human Capital Formation The continu
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creative goods were greatly at odds
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Figure 5: Different Types of Cultur
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The fees paid by the advertisers (c
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Estimated Employment Generated by C
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Table 30: Exports of Artefacts and
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more visitors than FESTIMA. From th
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impact of these imports on the bala
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Exports Total % Main Export Market
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First, the lack of available data a
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Moreover, the unequal distribution
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telecommunication networks), and in
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improve and support the development
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Inclusion of Cultural Services in E
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To ensure the provision of financia
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To improve market intelligence and
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Table 41: Practical Tools for the P
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Competitiveness Issues associations
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Competitiveness Issues services sec
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Bibliography Articles and Books CE,
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Paugam, J.M. (2013). Trade in Servi
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Table 45: Distribution of Cultural
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Annex 2: Questionnaire for the Priv
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3.2 Pour les festivals / Musées et
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4.2 Les ressources humaines qualifi
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Une règlementation en terme de dro
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There are factors which have favore
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The UN’s Provisional Central Prod
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Because education is designated as
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Global and Regional Trends in Trans
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(a) joint degrees between different
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education services imports. Accordi
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2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Finan
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Services Sector Export Strategy As
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tailoring, hairdressing, catering,
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improvement measures in delivering
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state of Kenya, Tanzania, and Ugand
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Figure 2: Enrolment of Foreign Stud
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Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunitie
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tended to attract more students loc
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total government expenditure, publi
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Uganda’s declining market share o
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management processes leading to inc
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educational cooperation between Uga
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Uganda Christian University Uganda
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the university closer to its foreig
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At present there are no internation
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Using Social Media for University P
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338 6) Grant all universities disco
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Bibliography Alpen Capital. GCC Edu
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Tierney, William G., and Findlay, C
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Name of Institution Address Details
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iii. Students from outside Africa _
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9. Does your institution collaborat
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If so please elaborate below. _____
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AUTHOR BIOGRAPHIES Abiodun Surajude
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awareness of the relationships amon
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African Union Headquarters P.O. Box
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CASE STUDIES FROM AFRICA

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