Cyber Primer

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Authorisation The Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre (DCDC) is responsible for publishing strategic trends, joint concepts and doctrine. If you wish to quote our publications as reference material in other work, you should confirm with our editors whether the particular publication and amendment state remains authoritative. We welcome your comments on factual accuracy or amendment proposals. Please send them to: The Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre Ministry of Defence Shrivenham SWINDON, Wiltshire, SN6 8RF Telephone: 01793 31 4216/4217/4220 Military network: 96161 4216/4217/4220 E-mail: DCDC-DocEds@mod.uk All images, or otherwise stated are: © Crown copyright/MOD 2016. Distribution The distribution of the Cyber Primer (2nd Edition) is managed by the Forms and Publications Section, LCSLS Headquarters and Operations Centre, C16 Site, Ploughley Road, Arncott, Bicester, OX25 1LP. All of our other publications, including a regularly updated DCDC Publications Disk, can also be demanded from the LCSLS Operations Centre. LCSLS Help Desk: 01869 256197 Military Network: 94240 2197 Our publications are available to view and download on the Defence Intranet (RLI) at: http://defenceintranet.diif.r.mil.uk/Organisations/Orgs/JFC/Organisations/Orgs/ DCDC This publication is also available on the Internet at: www.gov.uk/mod/dcdc ii Cyber Primer (2nd Edition)
Preface ‘The Government will ensure that our Armed Forces have strong cyber defences, and that in the event of a significant cyber incident in the UK, they are ready to provide assistance. We will provide the Armed Forces with advanced offensive cyber capabilities, drawing on the National Offensive Cyber Programme which is run in partnership between the MOD and GCHQ. We will continue to help NATO and other allies to protect their networks using our intelligence and technical insights, and we will use our advanced capabilities to enable the success of coalition operations.’ National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 This Cyber Primer introduces you to the subject of cyber, particularly in a Defence context, but also in your life at work and home. It is also a good foundation to reading the UK’s cyber doctrine. The primer is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is structured around the fundamentals of cyber and its relevance for Defence. We explore the boundaries of cyber and cyberspace, introduce you to the essential terms and definitions used and look at the important role Defence personnel play in cyber. The second chapter covers threats from cyber; their characteristics; threat actors; the characteristics of a cyber attack; and a description of the tools and techniques used. The third chapter of the primer looks at the four cyber operations roles: defensive cyber operations; cyber intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance; offensive cyber operations; and cyber operational preparation of the environment. Finally, the fourth chapter looks at how cyber is integrated, synchronised into military operations and provides some detail concerning cyber command and control. Cyber and cyberspace are full of opportunities for improving the way we work and live, but they also introduce new hazards of which you need to be aware. A brief lexicon of cyber terms can be found at the back of this publication, along with useful links to resource documents which will give you greater awareness of the subject. Finally, the Ministry of Defence’s (MOD’s) cyber good practice guide to protecting yourself in cyberspace is included inside the front cover and on the back cover. Cyber Primer (2nd Edition) iii
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Cyber Primer

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