Wealden Times | WT176 | October 2016 | Kitchen & Bathroom supplement inside

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From a tiny acorn... Sue Whigham celebrates the mighty English oak tree On the first day of college we were instructed that the only book we would need at this stage was The Hillier Manual of Trees and Shrubs. We were pretty horrified to see that it didn’t have any pictures. But can you imagine how huge a tome it would have to be with the section on the Quercus (oak) genus alone describing just a small proportion of the 500 species of oak? However, we’ve only two native species in the UK: Quercus robur, the English Oak, which is surely the most easily recognised native tree we have, a national emblem if you like, and the sessile oak, Quercus petraea. They’re easy to tell apart in that the acorns of Q. robur are held on a long stalk whilst those of the sessile grow straight from the stem. The other way to identify them is that the leaves of the English oak are far smaller than those of the sessile – about four inches compared to the sessile leaf which is a good six or seven inches or so. And sessile oaks, which do well in damp conditions, are mainly found in the wetter west of the UK. However, wandering down the lane by my house recently, I found sessile oak leaves in the hedge and near a pond, but the plant itself definitely hadn’t reached the dizzy heights of a mature tree. The oak is a massive feat of engineering in itself. Given some space and a lot of it, it can grow up to forty metres tall and live for hundreds of years. When young it has a growth spurt which slows down when it reaches 120 years old. This the tree does in order to extend its own lifespan. Above: Quercia rouge, one of the 500 species of oak trees “Oaks create a haven for numerous species of insects, animals and birdlife” Wandering through the woods, you’re likely to see a lot of pretty lanky ‘young’ oaks looking a bit sorry for themselves and without the fissured bark of a mature tree. This is because they’ve been fighting for light and resources all their lives and it shows, but somewhere in that same wood will be their ‘free range’ parent, so recognisable by its thick squat trunk and its lower branches growing sideways and its upper branches growing in a very distinct matrix of sturdy limbs. A large tree will compete more successfully for said resources if it rearranges itself over the years. It has to be able to cope with prevailing environmental conditions, usually high winds, and to do this it spreads its weight equally around its ‘body’ which tends to become as wide as it is high. This of course is in an ideal world and it’s rare to see an oak in a perfect ‘cloud’ shape, but the ones which have had optimum conditions and the time to create their own core strength create a very distinctive silhouette – as beloved by designers of corporate logos - in the winter months after their leaves have fallen. Oak woods create an incredible haven for numerous species of insects, animals and birdlife. The flowers, produced in early spring at the same time as the leaves, provide food for caterpillars of various butterflies including the little native purple hairstreak. The purple hairstreak’s larvae burrow into young oak flower buds and can be found in crevices of oak branches. They’re seldom seen as they tend to live high up in a tree’s canopy unless feeding off honeydew provided by aphids nearer the ground. Oak leaves are soft and break down into a hugely rich leaf mould which is home for both invertebrates and fungi. Bats roost in any loose bark they might find as well as in old woodpecker holes; all manner of creatures eat the acorns. It is an interesting fact that the acorns of Q. robur are not produced until the tree is at least forty years old with peak acorn production at twice that age. Acorns, even produced in huge numbers, are such a good food source – eaten by squirrels, mice, pigeons, woodpeckers, ponies and pigs when they get the chance - that many hundreds of thousands fail to germinate each season. They are too busy being useful. I know that there are wild boar in the local woods and maybe they are helping germination by trampling some of the acorns into the ground as they forage. It has been found that in European woods oaks tend to have a higher germination Credit: FreeImages.com/ weatherbox, Ben Wright, Emma McCreary wealdentimes.co.uk 162
GARDEN DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION Established 25 26 years, we can help you create the garden of your dreams. Traditional or Contemporary in style. We can design, build and plant. Please call for more information AWARD WINNING GARDEN DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION BONNIE LAMONT M. 07786 246530 TELEPHONE 01342 825414 www.lamontandlawrence.co.uk Creating Beautiful Gardens LamontLawrenceWT133.indd 1 07/02/2013 17:07 For Brilliant Year Round Results Wealden Country Landcraft Wealden Country Landcraft For all your design, construction and maintenance requirements, contact: Adam Sutton BSc (Hons) Environmental Science | Tim Playfoot BA (Hons) Garden Design Tel:01892 722699| Adam:07979 362241 | Tim:07990 751353 | www.playfootgardendesign.co.uk 163 wealdentimes.co.uk WCLandcraftWT174.indd 1 01/07/2016 11:35
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PRICELESS OCTOBER 2016 Wealden Time
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Designers and and makers of of hand
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MODEL SHOWN WHITE AND AND GREY LACQ
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Contents October 2016 54 151 Supple
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Guide price £975,000 Cranbrook An
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Advertisement Solving the property
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HOUSE OF THE MONTH by John Graham-H
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Special Offers for October ADVERTIS
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Previous page: The coffee table in
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But perhaps the most important fact
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Rectory Interiors FABRIC & WALLPAPE
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OakDesignsCoWT176.indd 1 22/09/2016
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Downstairs, the former owner’s do
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monarchoak Oak Frame Buildings Over
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Kitchen& Bathroom A Wealden Times S
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KITCHENS FOR REAL COOKS It’s time
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E HAND CRAFTED IN TBF ENGLAND ●TR
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Wealden Times | WT176 | October 2016 | Kitchen & Bathroom supplement inside

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