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Fundamental Food Microbiology, Third Edition - Fuad Fathir

Fundamental Food Microbiology, Third Edition - Fuad Fathir

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MICROBIAL SPORULATION AND GERMINATION 101<br />

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4. Lengeler, J.W., Drews, G., and Schlegel, H.G., Biology of the Prokaryotes, Blackwell<br />

Science, New York, 1999, p. 586.<br />

5. Farkas, D.F. and Hoover, D.G., High pressure processing: kinetics of microbial<br />

inactivation for alternative food processing technologies. J. <strong>Food</strong> Sci., Suppl. 47, 2000.<br />

6. Ray, B., High hydrostatic pressure: microbial inactivation and food preservation, in<br />

Britton, G., Ed., The Encyclopedia of Environmental <strong>Microbiology</strong>, John Wiley &<br />

Sons, New York, 2002, p. 1552.<br />

QUESTIONS<br />

1. List the differences among mold, yeast, and bacterial spores.<br />

2. List five genera of foodborne bacteria that form spores.<br />

3. Draw and label the structure of a bacterial spore and discuss the functions or<br />

characteristics of each structural component.<br />

4. List the stages between the formation of a bacterial spore and its emergence as a<br />

vegetative cell. Also, list the major events that occur in each stage.<br />

5. Discuss the triggering mechanisms in sporulation and spore germination in bacteria.<br />

6. Discuss the importance of bacterial spores in food.<br />

7. Briefly discuss the methods used to control problems associated with bacterial<br />

spores in food.<br />

8. Explain how low-range hydrostatic pressure can be combined with other antibacterial<br />

treatment to destroy bacterial spores in food.

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