Fundamental Food Microbiology, Third Edition - Fuad Fathir

INTESTINAL BENEFICIAL BACTERIA 223
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QUESTIONS
1. Discuss the sequential establishment of GI flora in humans from birth to 2 years
of age. How does the predominant flora differ between breast-fed and formulafed
babies?
2. Discuss the following terms, with examples: indigenous bacteria, transient bacteria,
beneficial bacteria, and undesirable bacteria in the GI tract of humans.
3. List the important characteristics of beneficial bacteria present in the GI tract.
Where are they present? What are some of the antibacterial substances they
produce?
4. List the factors that could adversely affect the presence of beneficial bacteria in
the human GI tract.
5. What is lactose intolerance? Explain the possible mechanisms by which consumption
of some fermented dairy products or live cells of beneficial intestinal bacteria
can help overcome this problem.
6. How can beneficial intestinal bacteria or some fermented foods possibly reduce
serum cholesterol levels?
7. "Beneficial GI tract bacteria may be effective in reducing colon cancer and enteric
diseases.” What is the basis of this suggestion?
8. Experimental data do not always support the health benefits from the consumption
of fermented foods and live cells of beneficial intestinal bacteria. This can be due
to wide differences in experimental methods used. If you are planning to conduct
such a study, what are some of the experimental factors you should consider?